First Time In June Research Articles

Number of Pharmacy First consultations dropped for first time in June 2024, data show

Number of Pharmacy First consultations dropped for first time in June 2024, data show

Biosurveillance of oak wilt disease in Canadian areas at risk

Biosurveillance of invasive species is critical for protecting native ecosystems and limiting economic losses. Early detection of pathogens through qPCR methods has recently shown great promise and can potentially slow the spread of devastating diseases. For instance, oak wilt, a disease caused by the fungus Bretziella fagacearum, can kill mature trees within weeks of infection. Originally contained in the USA, oak wilt has finally made its way into Canada, where it was recently observed for the first time in June 2023. This study has laid the foundations for a biosurveillance monitoring programme of B. fagacearum in Eastern Canada. From 2019–2021, insect vectors were baited and captured in Lindgren traps in various locations of interest, namely sawmills importing oak logs from the USA, forested areas containing mature oak trees and strategic sites along the border between the two countries. Insect vectors and collection fluids were analysed with our qPCR detection test for the presence of B. fagacearum. As a positive control to validate this method, we included traps in a known centre of oak wilt infection in Michigan (USA). Our analysis showed only one positive site at the border between Ontario (CA) and the USA, even though oak wilt has never been observed there. This result confirms that DNA from B. fagacearum can be detected with this method even before the appearance of symptomatic trees, which could be crucial in the current containment efforts in Ontario (CA).

Metallomics as an Essential Analytical Tool for the Development of Potential Metallodrugs

Metallomics as an Essential Analytical Tool for the Development of Potential Metallodrugs

African Swine Fever Outbreak in an Enclosed Wild Boar Hunting Ground in Serbia.

African swine fever (ASF) has been detected in many European countries since its introduction in Georgia in 2007. Serbia suffered its first case of ASF in the domestic pig population in 2019. At the beginning of 2020, ASF was detected in wild boars in open hunting grounds in the southeastern region of the country in districts along the country's borders with Romania and Bulgaria. Since then, all ASF outbreaks in wild boar were clustered in the population located in the same bordering areas. Despite the newly implemented biosecurity protocols for hunters in 2019, ASF was detected for the first time in June 2021 in the wild boar population located in an enclosed hunting ground in the northeast region of the country. In this study, we reported the first ASF outbreak in a wild boar population located in an enclosed hunting ground in close proximity to the Serbian-Romanian border. The epizootiological data on the field investigation of the ASF outbreak, with descriptions of the clinical signs and gross pathological lesions detected, including the total number as well as the estimated age, sex, and postmortem interval, were analyzed. Clinical signs were detected only in nine diseased wild boars, while in total, 149 carcasses were found in the open and enclosed part of the hunting ground. In addition, 99 carcasses from which samples (parts of spleen or long bones) were collected for molecular diagnostics (RT-PCR) were confirmed as ASF-positive. The results of the epidemiological investigations indicate the central role of wild boar movements as well as the constant risk of human-related activities in the countries bordering area.

Life Table Study of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Three Host Plants under Laboratory Conditions

After being discovered in Taiwan for the first time in June 2019, the polyphagous invasive fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has since spread throughout the entire nation. In Taiwan, this insect has a significant impact on the quality and output of wheat, corn, sorghum, and millet. It may further infest more crops in Taiwan due to its diverse range of hosts and alternate hosts. Maize and other staple crops have already been the subject of several study. The biology of FAW has not yet been studied in relation to the alternative hosts, particularly those commonly found in Taiwanese farmlands. Therefore, this study proposed to investigate the effects of napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), natal grass (Melinis repens), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) on the development, reproduction, survivorship, and population growth of FAW under laboratory conditions. According to the results, the developmental duration was considerably the shortest when FAW was reared on sunn hemp while the longest on natal grass. Furthermore, female adults reared on napier grass had a longer adult pre-oviposition period, total pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, longevity, highest fecundity, and highest net reproductive rate (Ro: 465.12). Among the tested three alternative host plants evaluated, sunn hemp had the highest intrinsic rate of increase (r: 0.1993), finite rate of increase (λ: 1.2206), and shortest mean generation time (T: 29.98). Therefore, this study suggests that all hosts plants can contribute to the development and outbreak of this pest in the absence of its primary host; however, sunn hemp was a relatively more suitable host plant for this insect. The possibilities for the FAW's growth and development vary depending on the host plant. Thereby, all potential host plants in the area should be extensively examined while developing an IPM program against FAW.

Three species of Melaleuca from Western Australia are highly susceptible to Austropuccinia psidii in controlled inoculations

Austropuccinia psidii, the fungus causing myrtle rust, was detected in Western Australia for the first time in June 2022. Few Western Australian plant species have been screened for response to the pathogen. Melaleuca thyoides, Melaleuca marginata and Melaleuca leucadendra grown from seeds sourced from Western Australian populations were all highly susceptible to an isolate of the pathogen from eastern Australia.

Flux rope and dynamics of the heliospheric current sheet

Context. Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe jointly observed the solar wind for the first time in June 2020, capturing data from very different solar wind streams: calm, Alfvénic wind and also highly dynamic large-scale structures. Context. Our aim is to understand the origin and characteristics of the highly dynamic solar wind observed by the two probes, particularly in the vicinity of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). Methods. We analyzed the plasma data obtained by Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter in situ during the month of June 2020. We used the Alfvén-wave turbulence magnetohydrodynamic solar wind model WindPredict-AW and we performed two 3D simulations based on ADAPT solar magnetograms for this period. Results. We show that the dynamic regions measured by both spacecraft are pervaded by flux ropes close to the HCS. These flux ropes are also present in the simulations, forming at the tip of helmet streamers, that is, at the base of the heliospheric current sheet. The formation mechanism involves a pressure-driven instability followed by a fast tearing reconnection process. We further characterize the 3D spatial structure of helmet streamer born flux ropes, which appears in the simulations to be related to the network of quasi-separatrices.

News from ALPARC CENTR’ALPS – Strengthening cooperation between protected areas in the Alps – new network office in Immenstadt im Allgäu (DE), and a workshop

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

News

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Editorial

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

News

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Editorial

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Editorial

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Table S1 – List of typical culinary products from Austrian BRs

The journal "eco.mont"; – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Editorial by Günter Köck, Valerie Braun and Arne Arnberger

The journal "eco.mont"; – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

News

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.

Ongoing debate on data governance principles for achieving Universal Health Coverage: a proposal to post-G20 Osaka Summit meetings

ABSTRACT The Group of 20 Summit (G20) in Osaka, which Japan chaired for the first time in June 2019 has created a tailwind for achieving universal health coverage (UHC) globally. In response to the rapid digitalization, the G20 leaders commenced negotiations for the Osaka Track framework to formulate international rules on data flow across borders and systematize the concept of ‘Data Free Flow with Trust (DFFT).’ The strategic harnessing of the power of data to strengthen the healthcare system can allow for rapid and affordable progress toward achieving UHC. However, world leaders have yet to discuss what data governance approaches the Osaka Track will follow, or even on what values it will seek to create and maximize. In this paper, we propose a people-centered, trust-oriented approach as the key principle of data governance toward achieving UHC, using Japan’s experience as an example. We believe that this approach is compatible with other prevailing approaches (e.g. the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union), and can serve as a bridge to their conceptual differences. We hope that our proposed principles will be fully discussed in post-G20 Osaka Summit meetings.

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) in cattle in Baden-Wuerttemberg (Germany)

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (septicaemic pasteurellosis) caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida capsular type B has been diagnosed in cattle in the federal state of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Germany) for the first time in June 2019 since its last official report in Germany in 1986 and its reoccurrence in 2010. A total of 13 cattle succumbed to sudden death on four farms located in the northern part of the Black Forest between June and November 2019. Post-mortem examinations were carried out on seven of these animals and all displayed marked hyperaemia, haemorrhages and oedema in the subcutis and in several inner organs. The pathological-anatomical findings were confirmed by histopathological analyses. Cultivation of P. multocida was successful in five of seven cattle with high bacterial loads in internal organs, and poor growth in two animals. All isolates were clearly identified as P. multocida by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and were compared with isolates originating from an HS outbreak in eastern Germany in summer 2010 using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Molecular capsular and LPS genotyping assigned six of the isolates to the genotypes B:L2 and one to B:L6, respectively. All isolates belonged to the RIRDC MLST genotype ST122. Antimicrobial testing of P. multocida isolates originating from each farm based on the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) revealed susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, penicillin G, tetracycline, and tulathromycin. Resistance was determined for spectinomycin.

ОЦІНКА ЯКОСТІ ВОД р. ВОРСКЛА ЗА ОРГАНІЗМАМИ МАКРОЗООБЕНТОСУ У МЕЖАХ ГЕТЬМАНСЬКОГО НПП

У статті розглянуто результати польового дослідження структурних характеристик макрозообентосу р. Ворскла у межах Гетьманського національного природного парку на десяти станціях спостереження, проведеного вперше в червні 2020 р. На цій природоохоронній території виявлено представників 36 нижчих ідентифікованих таксонів донних макробезхребетних. У складі дослідженої біоти за видовим багатством та чисельністю переважали клас Gastropoda (7 видів) та ряд Odonata (6 видів). Представники двох провідних таксономічних груп складають 36% від загальної кількості видів та 56% від загальної чисельності на усіх станціях спостереження. Варто відмітити присутність на усіх досліджених ділянках р. Ворскла виду Anax parthenope – звичного на півдні України виду бабок, який поступово з’являється у північних регіонах. На основі показників видового багатства та видового різноманіття проведено біологічну індикацію якості поверхневих вод. Розраховано такі широковживані біотичні індекси: Trent Biotic Index, Belgian Biotic Index, Biological Monitoring Working Party Index. Для оцінки рівня органічного забруднення розраховано індекс сапробності Зелінки — Марвана. Видове різноманіття донних безхребетних оцінювали за індексом Шеннона, а схожість видового складу оцінювали за індексом Жаккара з проведенням подальшого кластерного аналізу. На більшості станцій спостереження біотичні показники вказують на високу якість вод р. Ворскла – класи якості вод характеризуються переважно як «добрий» та «відмінний». Найгіршими результатами за усіма показниками характеризується станція 8, розташована поблизу населеного пункту Лутище. Найгірші значення за розрахунками індексів Шеннона та Жаккара також зареєстровано на цій станції. Також варто відмітити зниження видового багатства між станціями 9 та 10, розділеними греблею через р. Ворскла. Припускаємо, що зниження видового багатства вищезазначених ділянок ріки спричинене антропогенним впливом. Розраховані значення індексу сапробності Зелінки — Марвана вказують на низький рівень забруднення вод р. Ворскла органічними речовинами. На усіх станціях спостереження встановлено переваження оліготрофних (за чисельністю) α-олігосапробних та β'-мезосапробних вод.

Editorial

The journal “eco.mont” – Journal of protected mountain areas research and management – was published for the first time in June 2009. The journal was founded as a joint initiative of the Alpine Network of Protected Areas (ALPARC), the International Scientific Committee on Research in the Alps (ISCAR), the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and the University of Innsbruck. The journal aims to highlight research on and management issues in protected areas in the Alps without excluding other protected mountain areas in Europe or overseas. Its target audiences are scientists from all related disciplines, managers of protected areas and interested individuals including practitioners, visitors, teachers, etc. The journal presents peer-reviewed articles in English by authors who research protected mountain areas and management issues within these areas. It's published twice a year as a collaboration of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Press – responsible for the e-version – and Innsbruck University Press – responsible for the print version.