First Part Of Subclavian Artery Research Articles

A study on origin, termination, and course characteristics of internal thoracic artery relevant to coronary surgeries and reconstructive procedures.

ABSTRACTObjectives:The internal thoracic artery is a favored vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting and is utilized for breast reconstructive surgeries. Our study focuses on the origin, termination, and course characteristics of the internal thoracic artery. A comprehension of these morphological features and possible variations will definitely aid a clinician in appropriate harvesting of the artery for clinical procedures.Materials and Methods:200 thoracic halves (from 100 embalmed adult human cadavers of either sex) were obtained from the department of anatomy. The origin, course characteristics, termination levels, and patterns for the internal thoracic artery were studied.Results:The internal thoracic artery originated from the first part of subclavian artery. The most common course pattern observed was medial concavity (88.5%). In 10% of cases, a tortuous course was observed. No artery with lateral concavity or rectilinear course pattern was documented. The artery terminated in the sixth space in 93.5% of cases. In 98% of cases, bifurcation in termination was observed. Trifurcation in termination was also observed in 2% of cases. The average length of variant artery (third terminating branch) was documented to be 5.5 cm.Conclusion:The increased utilization of the internal thoracic artery for coronary bypass arterial surgery and its role in sternal wound healing has made it imperative for clinicians to keep in mind its anatomical characteristics and local variations. This knowledge definitely will improve prognosis and decrease intraoperative/postoperative complications in patients undergoing coronary surgeries, percutaneous subclavian catheterizations, and reconstructive procedures.

Vertebral arteries bilaterally passing through stellate (cervicothoracic) ganglion.

Vertebral artery is a branch of the first part of subclavian artery. Vertebral artery arising from the aortic arch most commonly presents on the left side. The cervical part of sympathetic trunk is closely related to the vertebral artery in the cervical region. Though lots of variations regarding anomalous origin, course of vertebral artery is reported in the literature, here we present a rare anomaly in which vertebral artery after originating from aortic arch is passing through stellate ganglia and it enters into the transverse foramina of higher cervical vertebra (C5). Such variation should be kept in mind by anaesthetist during stellate ganglion block in order to relieve intractable pain in central nervous system lesion. Surgeons should keep this anomaly in mind during cervical spine surgery otherwise vertebral artery may get injured leading to haemorrhage.

Aberrant origin of vertebral artery; a case report

The vertebral arteries (VA) are important arteries of the neck, which typically originate from the posterosuperior of the first part of subclavian artery. Each vessel ascends posterior to the internal carotid artery and inside the skull and merge to form the basilar artery at the base of the pons. There are variations in the course, size and origins of the VA. This artery is a common target for vascular surgeries or diagnostic procedures in head and neck region hence it is crucial to be aware of possible origins and courses of VAs when they are not found in their normal place. Herein we present a 39-year-old woman who was a case of VA dissection and on contrasted angiography it was incidentally found that the right VA originated from right common carotid artery (CCA), and the left VA from aortic arch. This is a very rare variation. Few numbers of Right VA originated from right CCA has been reported before, and aortic arch as the origin for left VA is a well-known variation, though coincidence of these two variations is rare.

A Study Of Variations In The Origin Of Vertebral Artery And Its Clinical Significance

Objectives: An understanding of anatomy is essential to surgeons and knowledge of variations is of practical importance. The anatomic and morphologic variations of great vessels are significant for diagnostic and surgical procedures in the neck and thorax region. Vertebral artery is a branch of subclavian artery, generally arising from the first part of subclavian artery on both the sides. Multiple variations in the origin of vertebral artery have been reported in the literature, most common being directly from the arch of aorta, as a branch of thyrocervical trunk, as a branch of common carotid or external carotid artery. Material and methods: Study was carried out among 30 formalin fixed cadavers procured from Dr. D.Y.Patil Medical College, to note down the variations in the origin of vertebral artery. Results: Origin of right vertebral artery was normal in all the cases while the left vertebral artery showed varied origin. Conclusions: Anomalous vertebral artery origins may predisposes an individual to cerebrovascular disorders.

Study of Origin of Left Vertebral Artery from the Arch of Aorta in Central India and its Clinical Relevance

Vertebral artery is a branch from first part of subclavian artery. On left side it may take origin from the arch of aorta. In present study on twenty cadavers and two fetuses, vertebral artery on left side was arising from the arch of aorta in three cases (13.63%). Condition may be presented with dizziness. Anomalous presentation may interfere with haemodynamics of circulation of brain and also interfere with catheterization, surgery and mislead radiologically. Therefore this anomaly should be kept in mind by physician, surgeon and also forensic experts in establishing cause of death.

Anomalous origin of left vertebral artery

Vertebral artery arises from the upper surface of the first part of subclavian artery on both sides. The morphological variations of the vertebral artery are of immense importance in surgery, angiography and all non-invasive procedures. During the routine dissection of a male cadaver aged about 65 years, we observed a variation in the branching of arch of aorta. The arch of aorta gave off four branches-brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery (CCA), left vertebral artery (LVA) and left subclavian artery. LVA was arising between left CCA and left subclavian artery.The knowledge of variations in the vertebral artery is of great clinical interest to the neurosurgeon and radiologist for diagnostic investigation and surgical procedures of the neck.

A Subclavian Artery Injury, Secondary to Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation, Is a Predictable Right-Sided Phenomenon

A Subclavian Artery Injury, Secondary to Internal Jugular Vein Cannulation, Is a Predictable Right-Sided Phenomenon