First-order Factors Research Articles

Evaluating the impact of internet communication quality in human resource management on the productivity of construction projects

This research endeavors to examine the intricate relationship between human resource management and communication management in Iraqi construction projects, exploring their impact on project productivity. Beyond its primary objectives, the study aims to identify key challenges and limitations in implementing effective communication and human resource management practices in the Iraqi construction sector. Understanding these challenges provides valuable insights for practitioners and policymakers, informing strategies to overcome obstacles and enhance project productivity. The research methodology involves an initial survey using a main questionnaire, focusing on three key areas: internet communication in human resource management, the influence of internet quality on construction project management, and factors affecting work productivity. The sample size, determined using Morgan's Table, requires a minimum of 248 participants. The questionnaire is distributed to engineers, managers, and technicians, with the number of respondents meeting the required sample size. Data analysis utilizes the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), conducting Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) for each variable to identify underlying factors. A first-order confirmatory factor analysis is performed using the Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) program, creating a structural model incorporating three variables and their associated factors. Out of the initial 64 factors, 21 are included in the final model, refined based on modification indices (M.I) output to improve fit. Results indicate a significant positive effect (0.92) of internet communication quality on labor productivity, while the impact of labor resource management is relatively negligible (−0.07). The size effect of variables on human resource management is 0.05, suggesting a small but non-zero effect. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of internet communication quality in enhancing labor productivity in construction projects and emphasize the need for effective human resource management practices in the industry. This study contributes valuable insights for project managers and practitioners in construction sector.

Analysing the factor structure of the plurilingual and pluricultural competence scale: dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the adapted Russian version

ABSTRACT This study aimed to adapt the Plurilingual and Pluricultural Competence scale (PPC) to the Russian-speaking population and to assess its psychometric properties. Five hundred and sixty-four undergraduate students from Western, Central, and Caucasian regions of Russia and Kazakhstan participated in the study. Internal consistency, factorial, construct, and criterion validity of the Russian version of the scale (PPCr) were examined. Unidimensional and several competing multidimensional models of the scale's structure were tested against data using confirmatory factor analysis. The final model included four first-order factors (plurilingual conversation, plurilingual cognition, intercultural tolerance, and intercultural skills) and two second-order factors (plurilingual competence and intercultural competence). The PPCr scale demonstrated good internal consistency and criterion validity. The PPCr total and plurilingual subscales scores significantly correlated with language repertoire and overall language proficiency self-assessments. Regional differences in the total PPCr score, plurilingual conversation, and intercultural tolerance scores were documented. These findings were discussed in the context of research and assessment of PPC in different socio-cultural environments. We recommended not contrasting unidimensional and multidimensional models of PPC but considering them two poles on the continuum. It suggests transitioning from a multidimensional to a unidimensional model when an individual acquires more plurilingual and pluricultural experience.

Understanding the Interplay between Wellness Motivation, Engagement, Satisfaction, and Destination Loyalty.

Increased awareness of negative psychological symptoms and the negative impact of the pandemic has led to a rising demand for wellness-related travel experiences. There is a need for research on tourists' experiential and reflective engagement in order to maximize positive outcomes such as overall satisfaction, positive WOM, and recommendations. These positive outcomes are crucial for attracting tourists and strengthening destinations' brands. As there are few empirical studies, research on the effects of engagement on satisfaction and behavioral intentions is necessary. This study aimed to examine the relationships between wellness motivation, engagement, satisfaction, and destination loyalty among wellness tourists. It also aimed to examine the mediating effects of two engagement factors, experiential and reflective engagement, between wellness motivation and positive outcomes. A total of 319 respondents were used for the analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted. The results found that wellness motivation is composed of six wellness motivation components, namely physical motivation, transcendence, relaxation, social motivation, self-esteem, and escape, each representing first-order factors. Wellness motivation is positively associated with reflective and experiential engagement. Engagement positively affects satisfaction and destination loyalty. This study provides several implications, theoretically and practically.

The dimensionality of the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory across age and relationships.

Close interpersonal conflicts between parents and children, marital or romantic partners, and between friends are common, and adjustment in youth and adults depends on how these conflicts are managed. While conflict management is important for relationships and adjustment, the structure of conflict management in adults or in youths has rarely been examined. Knowing how conflict management is structured, and whether this structure changes with age and relationships, is important to understanding what factors influence the development of conflict management skills, and how to intervene. In the current study, we explored the unidimensional vs. multidimensional structure of conflict management in family relationships, friendships and romantic relationships across adolescence and adulthood. The sample consisted of 497 Dutch adolescents (57% boys, Mage = 13.03, SD = 0.46, 11-15 years old) who were followed over 11 years in 9 measurement waves, and their parents, siblings, best friends (six waves), and romantic partner (three waves). First-order factor analyses (CFA) showed that the structure of conflict management is similar for adolescents and adults, across relationships. The results of second-order models, including the theoretical higher dimensions positive/negative conflict management and engagement/disengagement, showed no support for these higher dimensions. The results of bifactor models showed differences between adults and youths: while positive problem solving was part of the general factor of conflict management in adults, it was not part of this general factor in adolescents. The general factor was linked to increases in internalizing and externalizing problems, and with decreases in prosocial behavior. Overall, the bifactor models increased the interpretability and validity of the conflict management measure.

Driving factors of individual differences in broad retrieval ability: Gr is more than the sum of its parts.

Broad retrieval ability (Gr) posits an essential factor of human cognitive abilities. Previous literature indicates Gr is best modeled as a higher-order factor model with lower-level factors such as ideational fluency (IF), word fluency (WF), expressional fluency (EF), or figural fluency (FF). However, the dimensionality of Gr is not well studied. Furthermore, it remains unclear whether specific retrieval affordances such as differing retrieval time periods (e.g., short vs. long) can be psychometrically separated from more general retrieval affordances. Such a distinction would imply differential associations between specific retrieval, general retrieval, and other cognitive abilities, which, in turn, depict a vital part of explanatory models of individual differences in Gr. To test these assumptions, we conducted a multivariate study (N = 331) and evaluated competing latent variable measurement models for a variety of Gr tests. We then regressed the best measurement model onto working memory capacity, secondary memory, mental speed, and crystallized intelligence in order to evaluate the distinctiveness of Gr. Our results suggest that no specific retrieval affordances with regard to time periods can be distinguished. A higher-order model, with a second-order Gr factor above three first-order factors (IF, WF, EF, and FF) fitted the data best, extending previous literature by increasing construct coverage through the implementation of FF. All covariates show incremental predictive validity, beyond their communality. Summarizing, our results endorse a perspective on Gr as a strong and discriminant factor of cognitive abilities that is not affected by time constraints, and show that Gr is more than a linear combination of its parts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Psychometric Properties of the Three Dimensional Meaning in Life Scale (3DM) among Turkish-Speaking Adults

Previous research supports the tripartite framework of meaning in life (MiL). The Three Dimensional Meaning in Life Scale (3DM) is a self-report measure drawing upon the tripartite framework. 3DM includes coherence, purpose, and significance. The primary goal of the present research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the 3DM, and to assess how 3DM and its subscales relate to mental health and psychopathology indicators in a Turkish-speaking adult sample. The present research recruited a sample of 702 participants (Female = 540). Confirmatory factor analysis, measurement invariance analyses, Pearson’s correlation tests, reliability analyses, regression analyses, and independent samples t-tests were utilized. The first-order confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the Turkish version replicated the 11-item three-factor structure of the 3DM: [(χ2= 181, df =40, p =.00)], CFI = .98, TLI = .97, RMSEA = .071, 90%CI[.060, .081], SRMR = 0.03. Internal consistency coefficients of the subscales and the 3DM total showed strong reliability with strong item-total correlations. The correlation coefficients of the 3DM supported concurrent and divergent validity. The 3DM predicted well-being and psychopathology indicators. Measurement invariance analyses of the subscales demonstrated that coherence, purpose, and significance scales were consistent and equivalent across gender. The results indicate that the Turkish version of the 3DM is a valid and reliable scale when administered among adult Turkish-speaking people.

Investigation of Zero Waste Management Behavior in Turkey

<p>Population growth, industrialization and technological advances have significantly increased waste production, waste collection, transportation and disposal induced significant costs. Waste could be considered a resource that allows nations to reduce the consumption of primary raw materials, protect natural resources and improve economic revenues by reducing environmental pressures. Zero waste approach for sustainable waste management has been approved and implemented globally. The present study aimed to investigate the basic zero-waste management in Turkey. Thus a scale that included eight items was developed and validity and reliability of the scale were analyzed. Explanatory factor analysis (EFA) was initially applied. Then, the fitness of the model was tested with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cronbach's α (internal consistency coefficient) was calculated as 0.778. Chi-square test, RMSEA, GFI and CFI fit indices were employed in the first-order confirmatory factor analysis conducted on the whole sample. Chi-square was calculated as 1.310 in confirmatory factor analysis. Also, comparative and absolute fit indices were determined as follows: RMSEA=0.035, GFI=0.976, CFI=0.987, RMR=0.030. The analysis of the findings revealed that “Zero Waste Management Behavior” scale fit indices demonstrated excellent model fit for the findings. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between one-way ANOVA and T test results on participant statements based on gender, while there were significant differences between these variables based on age, education level and the region of residence.</p>

Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Factorial Invariance of the Mechanisms of the Moral Disengagement Scale

The objective of this paper was to analyze the factorial structure, psychometric characteristics, and factorial invariance by sex, age, and city of the Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement Scale in young university students. A total of 1,431 young people between the ages of 18 and 30 (M = 20.86, SD = 3.64) from two Colombian cities participated in the study. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test four hypothesized models. The CFA confirmed a first-order factor structure grouping the eight mechanisms of moral disengagement (Model 4), which explained 54.17% of the total variance. The final model obtained a good fit, χ2 = 12.514, RMSEA = .010, TLI = .999, AGFI = .993, CFI = 1.00, ECVI = .044, CMIN/df = 1.138. Factorial invariance by sex, age and city of the final proposed model was confirmed. Moral disengagement mechanisms were negatively correlated with empathy and prosocial tendencies. It is concluded that this scale is valid and reliable to assess moral disengagement in Colombian youth.

Measuring digital stress in Norway: translation and validation of the Digital Stressors Scale.

A better understanding of the effects of the widespread use of information and communication technology (ICT) among employees is important for maintaining their wellbeing, work-life balance, health, and productivity. Thus, having robust and reliable measurement instruments is crucial for quantifying the effects of ICT use, and facilitating the development of effective strategies to promote employee wellbeing. Therefore, we translated the Digital Stressors Scale (DSS) to Norwegian and administered it to a convenience sample of 1,228 employees, using the forward-backward translation method. The DSS is a new multidimensional scale consisting of 50 items that measure 10 digital stressors (first-order factors), and a second-order factor of DSS. We assessed the scale's construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis, first by assessing the model fit of each of the sub-scales separately, to facilitate the disaggregated measurement approach, and then the model fit of the whole scale with the second-order factor. Among the participants, 45.6% completed the whole questionnaire (n = 560). The original solution's fit was unsatisfactory in our sample, which led us to perform an exploratory factor analysis. We propose a shorter 8-factor scale with 37 of the original items, which also shows good internal consistency for all the first-order factors. We argue that the disaggregated approach is beneficial for the investigation of the specific creators of digital stress and that conceptually sound measurement models are needed in order to facilitate a more rigorous empirical investigation of digital stressors.

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Race-Based Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale in a sample of Asian American adults.

The present study examined the factor structure of the Race-Based Traumatic Stress Symptom Scale (RBTSSS) in a sample of Asian American adults. The sample (n = 403) comprised 78% women, ages 18-72 years, who were administered the RBTSSS in a survey. A first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted. The RBTSSS demonstrated good internal consistency in the present study, Cronbach's αs = .78-.94. The first-order CFA revealed mixed model fit indices, χ²(1,253) = 3,431.52, p < .001, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = .066, comparative fit index (CFI) = .875, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = .868. The second-order CFA revealed similar mixed findings, χ²(1,267) = 3,559.93, p < .001, RMSEA = .067, CFI = .869, TLI = .863. Findings demonstrated mixed support for the factor structure of the RBTSSS in a sample of Asian American adults. Future research may consider additional testing of the RBTSSS in Asian Americans and further exploring the construct of racial trauma in Asian Americans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Ability of equilibrium and non-equilibrium models to simulate the effects of vermicompost and hydraulic conditions on nitrate and DOC leaching

ABSTRACT This study aims to model the effects of saturated−unsaturated flow rates and initial moisture content on nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching in soils amended and unamended with vermicompost using equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. Flow rates ranging from 0.4 to 5.1 cm3/min were applied to the columns filled with the soils under initial saturated and air-dried conditions. The leaching of nitrate and DOC was simulated using a one-dimensional advection–dispersion model coupled with the equilibrium and non-equilibrium models. The accuracy of equilibrium without distribution coefficient (K D), equilibrium with K D, one-site, two-site and dual porosity models for modelling the nitrate leaching was 21.8, 33.6, 67.5, 82.2 and 83.9%, respectively, indicating the higher accuracy of dual porosity and two-site models compared to the other models. According to the results of the two-site model, the kinetic release was the most dominant process in all leaching experiments due to the fractions of equilibrium soil sites (F) < 0.5. Vermicompost decreased the diffusion coefficient (D 0), distribution coefficient (K D), first-order rate constant (β) and retardation factor (RF). In comparison to the air-dried condition, the initial saturated condition compared to the air-dried condition resulted in less F and D 0, higher K D and RF lower β for nitrate and lower K D and RF and higher β for DOC. Leaching using a desaturation flow rate of 0.4 cm3/min was more time-dependent, which reduced RF values from 22.6 to 1.09 and 21.5 to 3.68 for nitrate and DOC, respectively. Moreover, the desaturation flow rate reduced D 0 and K D and increased β.

Measurement Invariance of the WISC-V across a Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents with ADHD and a Matched Control Group.

Measurement invariance of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) 10-primary subtest battery was analyzed across a group of children and adolescents with ADHD (n = 91) and a control group (n = 91) matched by sex, age, migration background, and parental education or type of school. First, confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were performed to establish the model fit for the WISC-V second-order five-factor model in each group. A sufficiently good fit of the model was found for the data in both groups. Subsequently, multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFAs) were conducted to test for measurement invariance across the ADHD and control group. Results of these analyses indicated configural and metric invariance but did not support full scalar invariance. However, after relaxing equality constraints on the Vocabulary (VC), Digit Span (DS), Coding (CD), Symbol Search (SS), and Picture Span (PS) subtest intercepts as well as on the intercepts of the first-order factors Working Memory (WM) and Processing Speed (PS), partial scalar invariance could be obtained. Furthermore, model-based reliability coefficients indicated that the WISC-V provides a more precise measurement of general intelligence (e.g., represented by the Full-Scale IQ, FSIQ) than it does for cognitive subdomains (e.g., represented by the WISC-V indexes). Group comparisons revealed that the ADHD group scored significantly lower than the control group on four primary subtests, thus achieving significantly lower scores on the corresponding primary indexes and the FSIQ. Given that measurement invariance across the ADHD and the control group could not be fully confirmed for the German WISC-V, clinical interpretations based on the WISC-V primary indexes are limited and should only be made with great caution regarding the cognitive profiles of children and adolescents with ADHD.

Measurement Invariance of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale and Quality of Relationships Inventory (Friend).

The aim of this study is to measure the invariance of the Multidimensional Jealousy Scale (MJS) and of the Quality of Relationships Inventory (Friend) (QRI-F) across gender, age, education, and being in a romantic relationship in a Portuguese sample (N = 662). A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the fit of different potential factor structures. The results pointed out that both MJS and QRI-F were most suitable if represented by three first-order factors correlated between them. Results from multi-group analyses suggested there was factorial invariance for these structures across groups, suggesting that the MJS and the QRI-F provide, respectively, an assessment of romantic jealousy and quality of relationship that are equivalent across gender, age, education, and being in a romantic relationship. The study established the strong psychometric properties of its instruments, validating reliability and convergent and discriminant validity, thereby bolstering the research's overall credibility. Additionally, cognitive jealousy is primarily influenced by heightened conflict values, with education, relationship status, and gender moderating the associations between QRI-F dimensions and MJS behavioral and cognitive jealousy. The research offered in-depth perspectives on jealousy, underscoring its diverse manifestations across demographic variables and illuminating the complexities within the dynamics of friendships.

Framing external environmental dimensions as institutional constraints on adopting Islamic financial transactions: empirical evidence from: Libyan commercial banks

Purpose The purpose of this study is to frame the dimensions of the external institutional environment, namely, cultural-cognitive, normative and regulative dimensions as the main actors in the organisational field. More precisely, Libyan commercial banks have been identified as empirical evidence, to identify constraints of the institutional environment governing the behaviour and decision-making of commercial banks, when adopting Islamic financial transactions. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire has been designed for 14 Libyan commercial banks which is distributed to the Board of Directors, managers, directors of departments, and personnel. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the measurement model by using the first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) have been applied as essential steps to embody the conceptual framework and test the research hypotheses. Findings The results of the EFA indicated sufficient correlation among the dimensions of the external environment. The CFA supported this study’s hypotheses. The modelling showed that the cultural-cognitive, normative and regulative dimensions are institutional constraints impeding Libyan commercial banks’ adoption of Islamic financial transactions. Interestingly, the findings of the CFA align with the EFA findings in supporting the conceptual framework of the research. They portrayed that the cultural-cognitive dimension has been identified by explicit and implicit cognition. Originality/value This study systematically embodies the dimensions of the external institutional environment, namely, cultural-cognitive, normative and regulative dimensions, as the main factors in the organisational field to be conceptually rich lenses to investigate social considerations to reinforce institutional thought broadly. The results of this study were consistent with extant Islamic financial literature, reflecting symmetry and similarity across commercial banks, particularly at the first stage of adopting Islamic financial transactions.

Unraveling corporate brand equity: a measurement model based on consumer perception of corporate brands

PurposeConsumer perception of corporate brand equity has primarily focused on product brand dimensions, neglecting considerations at the firm analysis level. Assessing corporate brands requires different criteria relevant to the competitiveness of companies, such as their prominence, management and meeting society’s demands. In this sense, this study aims to develop and validate a scale of corporate brand equity founded on consumer perceptions, transcending industry boundaries and comparing its relationship with companies' market share.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used an integrative approach to clarify the construct’s domain, building on previous measures. They took several steps to select appropriate items, refine the measure, validate it through reliability tests and convergent and discriminant analyses, test the validity of the second-order formative structure of corporate brand equity and assess associations between first-order factors, the second-order factor and market share.FindingsThe model identifies three first-order dimensions of corporate brands (presence, outstanding management and responsible) that shape the second-order factor (corporate brand equity). They are directly related, but not proportionally, to market share, contributing to the general and joint assessment of the company’s competitive performance considering the consumer.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first attempt to develop a comprehensive measurement model of corporate brand equity that considers the firm level of analysis, combines metrics from previous research on corporate brand evaluation criteria and includes consumer perceptions of the company’s competitiveness, unifying branding theory with the theory of the marketing firm.

Development and validation of dependence and craving measures specific to athletes who use anabolic-androgenic steroids.

Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) dependence affects approximately 30% of people who use AAS. Presently, measures to assess and diagnose AAS dependence are adapted from scales specific to other forms of drug misuse (e.g., alcohol), containing issues with internal consistency and breadth of construct capture. Additionally, there are no measures available to assess AAS craving, which represents a potentially important coeval factor to AAS dependence. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and provide evidence of validity for measures of AAS dependence and AAS craving. Data were collected from male and female strength athletes who use AAS across two samples (n sample 1 = 206; n sample 2 = 224). Sample 1 completed the new measures alongside instruments assessing theoretically related constructs (Doping Moral Disengagement, Doping Self-Regulatory Efficacy Scale, craving items from the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale, AAS adapted Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder 4th Edition), whereas Sample 2 completed the new instruments. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) with Sample 1 data were used to finalize the item sets for both measures and determine the factorial structures of the AAS Dependence Scale (AASDS) and AAS Craving Scale (AASCS). The AASDS consists of 15-items across five first-order factors that are represented by one second-order factor. The AASCS consists of 16-items across four first-order factors that are represented by one second-order factor. Evidence supporting the concurrent, convergent and discriminant validity of scores obtained with both scales was provided through their associations with the theoretically related variables. CFA with the data from Sample 2 confirmed the factor structures for both scales. The AASDS and AASCS represent valid and reliable measures of AAS dependence and AAS craving for use in research with strength athletes who use AAS.

Adolescent/Young Adult Self-Management and Independence Self-Report Scale: Preliminary psychometric findings.

This study examined preliminary psychometrics of the Adolescent/Young Adult Self-Management and Independence Self-Report Scale (AMIS II SR). Adolescents and adults (N= 159; 13-38 years old) with spina bifida from two clinics and one community sample completed the AMIS II SR. The majority (83%) had myelomeningocele, and about half were female (51.6%). The sample included 44.7% White, 11.3% Black and over one-third Hispanic/Latino (38.4%) participants. Descriptive analyses and reliability were assessed; a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted. Item-to-total correlations support the AMIS II SR total scale (r= .38-.79) and its two subscales: condition (r= .49-.67) and independent living (r= .49-.85). Internal consistency reliability was high (α = .91-.96) for the AMIS II SR total scale and subscales. A higher order CFA model that included independent living and condition self-management as first-order factors and a second-order overall self-management factor had excellent fit (RMSEA =0.06; CFI =0.97; TLI =0.96). Descriptive analyses findings were reported. This study provides psychometric evidence for the use of the AMIS II SR total (overall) scale and subscales (condition and independent living) to assess self-management and independence.

The Role of Electronic Sports as a Moderator on the Causal Relationship Between Alexithymia and Social Loneliness in High School Students (Khorasan Razavi)

Background and Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the impact of alexithymia on social loneliness in high school students with the moderating role of electronic sports and to present a model. Methods and Materials: This research is descriptive-survey in strategy and causal in hypothesis formation. Data collection involved standard questionnaires used in reputable international and domestic studies, including the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Lee and Hyun Social Loneliness Scale, and the Electronic Sports Scale. To assess the construct validity of the questionnaires, first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analyses were utilized. The internal reliability of the questionnaire items was measured using Cronbach's alpha, which, as observed in this study, exceeded 0.7, indicating acceptable reliability. The statistical population comprised all male high school students in District 2 of the Mashhad Education Department. For empirical and practical investigation, a sample of 400 male students was selected. In this study, SPSS version 25 was used for descriptive statistics and examining the relationships between research variables, while Smart PLS version 3 was used for structural equation modeling to design the research model. Findings: The findings indicated that alexithymia, external-oriented thinking, and difficulty in describing feelings all significantly affect social loneliness. Additionally, the findings showed that electronic sports do not have a moderating effect on the causal relationship between alexithymia and social loneliness. According to the results, the SRMR fit index was 0.078, which is below the 0.08 threshold at the 0.05 significance level, indicating that the structural model of the research has a good fit. Conclusion: The study confirms that alexithymia significantly impacts social loneliness among high school students. However, electronic sports do not moderate this relationship. These findings suggest that enhancing emotional awareness and expression skills may reduce social loneliness in students.

Indicators of Validity and Reliability of an Arabised Version of the Guilt Management Scale Among Divorced Women

The current study aimed to reveal the indicators of honesty and stability of an Arabised version of the remorse management scale prepared by [1] among divorced women in the Saudi environment. The study sample consisted of 150 divorced women in the city of Riyadh. The psychometric characteristics of the scale were verified, where the results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the structure of the scale consisted of six first-order factors on which all paragraphs of the scale were saturated and also showed the presence of good conformity indicators for the scale through the data of the study sample, with all indicators of conformity quality in the ideal range. Moreover, all of the values of the correlation coefficients between the degree of each paragraph of the scale and the total degree of the dimension are statistically significant at the level of significance (0.01), indicating the scale's internal consistency. The stability indicators (Cronbach alpha) ranged between 0.715 and 0.877, with the stability coefficient of the half-fraction corrected using the Spearman-Brown equation for the dimensions of the scale between 0.704 and 0.872, and the values of the stability coefficients through the Cronbach alpha method for each dimension of the scale decreased when each item was deleted from the vocabulary, which indicates the importance of keeping all paragraphs of the scale. The previous results indicate that the scale of managing the feeling of regret has appropriate indicators of honesty and stability among divorced women in Riyadh.

Exploring the impact of institutional forces on the social sustainability of logistics service providers: insights from a high terrorism-affected region

PurposeAchieving social sustainability has become a critical challenge in global supply chain networks, particularly during complex crises such as terrorism. The purpose of this study is to explore how institutional forces influence the social sustainability approaches of logistics service providers (LSPs) in high terrorism-affected regions (HTAR). This then leads to investigating how the key factors interact with Institutional Theory.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory multiple-case study research method was used to investigate six cases of different-sized logistics LSPs, each in an HTAR. The data was collected using semistructured interviews and triangulated using on-site observations and document analysis. Thematic analysis was used in iterative cycles for cross-case comparisons and pattern matching.FindingsThe findings interact with Institutional Theory and the three final-order themes. First, management processes are driven by coopetition and innovation. Second, organizational resources, structure and culture lead to an ineffective organizational design. Finally, a lack of institutionalization creates institutional uncertainty. These factors are rooted in many other first-order factors such as information sharing, communication, relationship management, capacity development, new process developments, workforce characteristics, technology, microlevel culture and control aspects.Originality/valueThis study answers the call for social sustainability research and enriches the literature on social sustainability, Institutional Theory and LSPs in HTARs by providing illustrations showing that institutional forces act as driving forces for social sustainability initiatives by shaping the current management processes. Conversely, the same forces impede social sustainability initiatives by shaping the current organizational designs and increasing institutional uncertainty.