First-level Evaluation Research Articles

A unified modeling approach for concrete masonry shear walls: Conception, validation and insights

Distinct modeling strategies have been developed to simulate concrete masonry shear walls; however, each is validated with a limited number of specimens tested under identical laboratory conditions and only covers specific detailing scenarios. This research seeks a unified finite element-based modeling approach integrating macro-modeling concepts for grouted masonry (GM) regions and simplified micro-modeling for ungrouted masonry (UGM) regions. The objective is to facilitate accurate simulation of the in-plane behavior of diverse typologies of concrete masonry shear walls: unreinforced masonry (URM), fully grouted reinforced masonry (FGRM), and partially grouted reinforced masonry (PGRM). A smeared crack approach is used to capture the crushing and cracking of grouted masonry (GM) and ungrouted masonry (UGM), and interface elements are incorporated into UGM regions to model the mortar joints, resulting in a combined smeared-discrete model. The validation process comprises two levels. The first-level evaluation focuses on URM and FGRM walls, emphasizing the analysis and comparison of lateral force–displacement curves. Second-level validation is done through simulation of PGRM walls by evaluating lateral force–displacement curves, damage patterns, and reinforcement strains. The implemented modeling approach generally simulates the response of the different experimental masonry shear walls evaluated with good accuracy. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to reveal the influence of some parameters on the numerical results, providing additional perceptions into the reliability of the modeling approach. Relevant insights into the modeling approach were obtained, allowing complex phenomena in the tested walls to be simulated, thus contributing to advances in the simulation of in-plane loaded concrete masonry walls.

The Innovative Integration of College Students’ Mental Health Education and the Path of Civic and Political Education in the Perspective of Educational Psychology

Abstract This work presents the automated assessment method of civic education using fusion psychology. The basis for it is the development of abilities in psychological and civic education. Five first-level evaluation indicators and seventeen second-level indicators have been filtered out. The computerized assessment model of Civic and Political Education of Integrated Psychology is constructed with timeliness by preprocessing the quantified index data with dynamic clustering and fusion using the fuzzy C-mean clustering algorithm, which is based on the evaluation indexes and training sample set. The research program on the relationship between mental health education and civics instruction is designed with the incorporation of mental health into the civics course as the starting point. Statistical analysis tools are used to analyze civics education examples that incorporate mental health education from the perspective of educational psychology. The model in this paper may successfully enhance the precision of the evaluation of the standard design of Civic and Political Education, which includes mental health education, as evidenced by its smaller RMSE and MAE of the evaluation results when compared with BP and RBF, which are 0.3151 and 0.1834, respectively. Cultural confidence appears to have a partly mediation effect between curricular citizenship and mental health since curricular civics positively impacts cultural confidence (p<0.001), and neither curricular civics nor cultural confidence is beneficial to mental health (p<0.001). The purpose of this study is to offer guidance for advancing the development and integration of political, ideological, and mental health education. College students’ overall growth in morality, intelligence, physical fitness, and aesthetics is greatly influenced by this.

The Principles and Evaluation of Green Construction of Tunnels in Frigid Plateau Regions

Green construction is an advanced concept and development trend in engineering construction. It is cold and arid in frigid plateau regions in western China, where the ecological environment is vulnerable to engineering constructions and other human activities. Hence, the time and cost for environmental remediation are much larger than in other areas. Based on the principles and category of green construction, this paper discusses the overall and partial relationship between green construction and green construction operation, presents the technical construction process of the green construction of a tunnel, and puts forward the key points of green construction with the construction practice for tunnels in frigid plateau regions as the engineering background. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) The breakthrough points of the research on green construction include five first-level evaluation indicators of savings the land, energy, water resources, materials, and human resources, as well as protection for personnel health and environment, i.e., five savings and two protections. A comprehensive evaluation system suitable for green construction is proposed and established. (2) The paper summarizes the following essential aspects: the fine classification and safety evaluation of surrounding rock, the changes in the seepage field in the construction process, and the establishment of a standardized construction system. (3) A green construction evaluation was conducted on the tunnel of the Yindajihuang Project, and the green evaluation results were obtained. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the actual situation. In addition, intelligent construction technology should be the orientation of green construction for tunnels. The research would be helpful to the implementation of green construction ideas and technologies for tunnels in frigid plateau regions and the persistence of green and sustainable development.

A multi-framework for bisphenols based on their high performance and environmental friendliness: Design, screening, and recommendations

Bisphenols (BPs) have gained significant attention due to their extensive use in the production of medical equipment, packaging materials, and everyday commodities. Urgent attention is required for assessing and identifying the risks associated with BP exposure to the environment and human health, as well as developing regulatory strategies. In this paper, 29 common BPs were selected as the research object, high-performance BP substitutes with environmental and human health friendliness characteristics were designed and screened. The above eight BP substitutes were considered as examples, and the first-level evaluation indicators of BPs and their substitutes were predicted using a random forest classification/regression model. Subsequently, the key indicators affecting the first-level evaluation indicators were ranked. The ranking results were environmental friendliness (64.30%) > human health risk (18.00%) > functionality (17.69%), indicating that environmental friendliness was the main influencing factor for the first-level evaluation indicators of BPs and their substitutes. Therefore, the study employed density functional theory (DFT) to simulate the biodegradation pathways of BPs and their substitutes in contaminated soil and landfill leachate, using Derivative-50 as an example. Furthermore, the environmental risk associated with the degradation products was evaluated, and regulatory recommendations based on risk identification were proposed.

A multi-state target recognition method based on multi-classifier fusion

A multi-classifier target recognition algorithm based on fuzzy pattern recognition and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory is proposed, where the base classifiers are deployed as fuzzy pattern recognition classifiers, and the secondary classifiers are based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory. On the basis of time-frequency domain analysis of target signals, fuzzy theories such as fuzzy pattern recognition, decision-making and comprehensive evaluation are synthetically applied to carry out first-level evaluation, where the extracted feature parameters are used as the input of target base classifiers. With the evaluation results as the input of second-level evaluation, target state recognition is performed on the multi-state human targets behind the walls in the ultra-wideband radar sensor network based on fuzzy evaluation. The results show that the recognition can efficiently discern the Multi-status human being behind the wall.

Agroforestry Ecosystem Structure and the Stability Improvement Strategy in Control of Karst Desertification

Agroforestry systems (AFS) are priority semi-natural ecosystems in fragile ecological zones. The complexity and diversity of their species structure play a crucial role in maintaining AFS stability. To explore the optimization of improvement strategies in AFS’ structure and stability for control of karst desertification (KD), in this study, we chose typical desertification control areas in the southern China karst region. The study included homegarden (HG), agrisilviculture (ASV), and multipurpose woodlots (MWLs) as three AFS. We quantified the AFS’ structural characteristics using descriptive statistics and spatial structure parameters. We used the fuzzy integrated evaluation method with structural and functional indicators as guidelines, and stand structure, plant species diversity, soil fertility, and environmental factors as first-level evaluation indicators. The entropy weight method calculates the weights of indicators at all levels. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method establishes an evaluation index system to evaluate the grading of AFS’ stability. The results showed that: (i) The species composition of the AFS in the KD control areas had a simple structure, the overall diversity level was low, and the diversity level of herbaceous plants was better than that of woody plants. (ii) The overall distribution curves of diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height (TH), and crown width (CW) of woody plants in the AFS in the KD control areas were slight to the left, with a single-peaked pattern, mostly randomly and unevenly distributed in space, with a low degree of tree species isolation and relatively weak stand stability. (iii) There was variability in the stability classes of different types of AFS, overall reflecting the ranking HG > ASV > MWLs. (iv) When structural optimization was applied, corresponding measures can be taken according to farmers’ wishes for different types of AFS and their primary business purposes. The improvement of stability depends mainly on the utility of the structural optimization applied coupled with positive human interference (for example, pruning, dwarfing, and dense planting). This study provides a scientific reference for maintaining the stability of AFS and promoting service provision.

Determining the regional disaster risk analysis of buildings in Erzincan

Erzincan is located in a region sensitive to seismic activities, which can destroy buildings and lead to loss of life because of severe earthquakes. Furthermore, analysing and determining structural risks is important because it reduces possible disaster risks and provides mitigation strategies. This study aims to assess the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings in Erzincan using a rapid visual screening method and create a regional-scale inventory. Furthermore, 490 residential reinforced concrete buildings in five neighbourhoods were analysed using a street scanning method (first-level evaluation) developed by METU, and maps were created using the ArcGIS program. The results revealed that poor construction quality, soft ground, and heavy overhang are the main vulnerability parameters that change the risk priority range of reinforced concrete residential buildings. Conversely, poor construction quality affected most first-priority buildings. Therefore, there is a need for effective seismic mitigation planning for Erzincan, as 49 % of buildings in the surveyed neighbourhoods required a second-stage assessment. In addition, the method ranks the buildings according to their risk priorities, and the obtained data on the map provided useful information for effective strategies for implementing risk reduction policies in Erzincan.

Improved catastrophe progression method of underground goaf risk evaluation

In order to solve the problem of underground goafs, particularly in light of the importance ranking of evaluation indices being more subjective and catastrophe progression values being large and too concentrated in the catastrophe progression method, the importance of multiple indices is ranked by the maximizing deviation method. An S-shaped curve is used to establish a regression function to improve the value of catastrophe progression method. First, three first-level evaluation indices and eight second-level evaluation indices are selected to establish an index system for risk evaluation of the underground goaf. Next, based on the principle of catastrophe progression method, an improved catastrophe model for its risk evaluation is established. Finally, sample training and verification are performed based on the improved evaluation model. The evaluation results show that the improved catastrophe progression method objectively ranks the importance of the evaluation indices of each layer, which improves the credibility of the evaluation results. The evaluation results are consistent with the actual geological data and detection results, which verifies the validity and accuracy of the evaluation model. However, only 87.5% of the risk levels obtained by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are completely consistent with the improved catastrophe progression method, and the ranking error of risk value within one rank also accounted for 87.5%. Therefore, the results calculated by the improved catastrophe progression method are more accurate. The numerical gap of the improved catastrophe progression values becomes larger, from [0.796, 0.969] to [0.275, 0.691], which is 2.405 times of the interval difference of the catastrophe progression values before the improvement, which makes the numerical distribution of the catastrophe progression values more scientific and reasonable, with a higher resolution level. Therefore, it is reasonable and feasible to use the improved catastrophe progression method for the risk evaluation of the underground goaf, which can provide a certain theoretical basis and engineering guidance for underground goaf disaster control and management.

A Fuzzy Comprehensive Dynamic Evaluation Algorithm for Human Resource Quality Growth Based on Artificial Intelligence

In the 21st century, the era of knowledge economy is coming. Today, when the management concept of “people-oriented” is advocated, the value of human resources is more and more prominent, and the evaluation of the value of human resources is more and more important. From the perspective of economic development, as the only dynamic resource, the important role of human resources in creating social wealth has gained a global consensus. The rational allocation of human resources has a decisive impact on the sustainable development of social economy. Among them, Colleges and universities, as the base for the country to transmit talents, take into account the training and the gathering of talents. The core of the work is college teachers. Therefore, the quantity and quality of college teachers are not only related to the development of colleges and universities but also to the comprehensive quality and competitiveness of the country. Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods have different advantages and disadvantages. However, the case analysis proves that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to judge the human resource management situation in colleges and universities. Influencing indicators is a quantifiable and predictive scientific method. Based on this, this paper proposes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the teacher resources of G College in place A. The experimental results of this paper show that due to the comprehensive effect of each element, the comprehensive evaluation of the first-level evaluation index elements of the human resource management value evaluation system of G College reaches 84%. The comprehensive evaluation of the secondary evaluation indicators of the human resource management value evaluation system reached 72%.

Prediction Model of Piano Collective Class Teaching and Learning Effect Based on Deep Learning.

This paper proposes a prediction model of piano collective class teaching and learning effect based on DL network in order to realise the precise prediction and evaluation of piano collective class instructional effect and promote the improvement of piano collective class instructional quality. The idea of an instructional assessment index is quantified in this paper using specific data as its input and educational impact as its output. In parallel, several training networks are established to correspond to the first-level evaluation indexes, and the input samples are normalised. Finally, MATLAB performs the empirical research. According to the findings, this method's prediction accuracy can reach 94.41 percent, which is about 10.22 percent higher than that of conventional methods. This prediction model is somewhat realistic and feasible. When used to predict and assess instructional quality, this method not only eliminates the subjectivity of experts in the evaluation process but also yields satisfactory evaluation outcomes and has a broad range of applications. According to the model's predictions and evaluation findings in this paper, appropriate teachers can better understand the drawbacks of the collective class model, focus on some important aspects of teaching activities, and then enhance instructional methods and effects.

Evaluation Method on Energy-Efficient Retrofitting of Wooden Walls of Chinese Traditional Dwelling—A Case Study of Rendetang in Jinhua

Traditional wooden dwellings, which are widely distributed with enormous stocks in China, are of great historical and have obvious cultural value. The walls of such buildings are generally subjected to poor thermal insulation performance, which not only reduces residential thermal comfort but also increases building cooling and heating energy consumption. In addition, buildings of this type have been subjected to all kinds of problems, such as the lack of measures for improving thermal comfort and the shortage of special funds. Consequently, it is very challenging to reutilize Chinese traditional dwellings, many of which are abandoned and even collapsed. All of the above have become major difficulties encountered in the traditional dwelling heritage protection. Hence, investigating the energy-efficient retrofitting strategies for traditional dwellings and giving economical evaluation methods are two keys to solving the reutilization problem of traditional dwellings. Against this background, a set of second-level evaluation methods for the energy-efficient retrofitting of Chinese traditional dwellings are proposed in this research, including the survey on retrofitted dwellings, the retrofitted dwelling modeling and energy consumption analysis, the definition of wall retrofitting scheme, the first-level evaluation of dwelling retrofitting, the second-level evaluation of dwelling retrofitting, and the screening of the wall retrofitting scheme. The first-level evaluation, which took energy efficiency as a reference index, could evaluate the energy conservation effect before and after dwelling retrofitting. With the payback period as the reference index, the second-level evaluation could assess the overall economic efficiency of dwelling wall retrofitting. An appropriate dwelling wall retrofitting scheme could be screened by integrating first-level and second-level evaluation indexes. Then, this scheme was applied to evaluate the wooden wall retrofitting scheme of a typical traditional dwelling in Yapan Village, Zhejiang Province, China. It was discovered through a comparative analysis that if used to reconstruct dwellings in Zhejiang and other places, the combined materials of XPS board and wood-bamboo could not only effectively improve the energy efficiency but also has good economic efficiency. Meanwhile, problems such as the condensation of wooden walls and their construction thickness could be solved by controlling the material thickness. The above research is of guiding significance for the energy-efficient retrofitting of traditional wooden dwellings in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone of China, and moreover, it can provide reference for the energy-efficient retrofitting of traditional wooden dwellings in other climate zones of China.

Impact of the Design Industry on Carbon Emissions in the Manufacturing Industry in China: A Case Study of Zhejiang Province

Reducing carbon emissions during the manufacturing process is a top priority for realizing the strategic “carbon neutral” target. Currently, there is a great deal of research about carbon production in the middle and later stages of production. However, studies on upstream processes are relatively scarce. Studies concerning the design stages are particularly uncommon, although this phase has a profound effect on carbon emissions during manufacturing. Therefore, it is vital to study this and related fields in depth. In this paper, we take Zhejiang Province, China, as the research object, and study the relationship between the design industry and carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry. Through analysis, we developed a first-level evaluation index for the influence of design on carbon emissions in the production stage. Then, we subdivided the first-level indexes into several second-level indexes using the entropy method. Subsequently, we calculated their weights and comprehensively evaluated the influence of these design factors on carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry using the ridge regression model test. Results from our research reveal that at the design end of the production chain, the expansion of resource scale of each design phase has a significant inhibitory effect on the carbon emissions of the manufacturing stage. Conversely, improvements to the industrial economic benefit index have a significant positive effect on the carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry, while government support and the innovation composite index have little influence. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: To reduce carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry, the scale of the inhibitory effect of the design process should be fully evaluated, while the scale construction and related resource input of the design phase should be emphasized. Furthermore, guidance regarding the social responsibility of design enterprises should be strengthened to further promote the concept of “green design” and reverse the purely market-oriented focus of the industry. Also, to promote a greener design industry, the provision of high-quality green design talents should be fortified. In the future, an appropriate green design evaluation index system should be devised to ensure the stable economic development of the design industry and challenge the current situation where a focus on economic indexes results in increased carbon emissions.

СОЗДАНИЕ ГЕОИНФОРМАЦИОННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ЛАНДШАФТА СЕЛЬСКИХ ПОСЕЛЕНИЙ СУБЪЕКТА РФ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)

work is devoted to the issues of integrated development of rural areas. The advantages of a systematic approach to the main policies of the sustainable development paradigm goals implementation and the possibility of using geoinformation technologies as a tool for multidimensional analysis of rural areas are considered. The assessment of the landscape ecological potential is complicated due to the variety of criteria for analyzing the territory and the lack of a common unit of measurement. The methodology of a comprehensive assessment of the territory allows integrating diverse information about the of rural settlements territories ecological potential. Special attention is paid to the state of ecology as one of the most important criteria for environmental quality. A two-stage methodology for monitoring the development of rural settlements is proposed, which allows assessing the territory at the federal and local levels according to a set of indicators reflecting the main aspects of socio-economic processes. For places where the population lives compactly, special attention is paid to assessing the quality of the environment according to three groups of factors that take into account environmental comfort, comfort of movement and other indicators that characterize the quality of the environment in terms of the individual needs of residents. The experimental part of the article presents electronic maps built in the ESRI ArcGIS and based on first-level evaluation factors for the Rostov region.

A study of the water resources management and division of the groundwater heat pump system construction in Anyang

Considering the occurrence condition and water resources management, this paper studies the zoning of the groundwater heat pump system in the city of Anyang in Henan, makes the combination of technology and management and improves the evaluation standard, which is of good practicability. The evaluation of groundwater resources management and division is established by synthetically analyzing the hydrogeological, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions of Anyang. The first-level evaluation is carried out by using the improved analytic hierarchy process of cloud model. The second-level evaluation is completed by using GIS spatial analysis function, dividing the groundwater heat pump system into three grades in the study area. The results show that the suitable development area for the groundwater heat pump system is 117.45 km2, which mainly distributes in the strong groundwater-abundant area in the center of the alluvial-proluvial fan of the Anyang River and partially distributes in the peripheral area at the fan edge. The restricted development area covers an area of 459.26 km2, which distributes in the hilly weak groundwater-abundant areas in southwest and north of the fan margin with the groundwater level drawdown funnel in the center of the fan body. The forbidden development area is of 24.02 km2 and distributes crossly, covering the water source area, the protected area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, along the railway and expressway. It is more comprehensive and reasonable to take the groundwater resources management and division into account on the basis of the suitability zoning, which may provide references for the scientific layout and rational development and utilization of the groundwater heat pump system.

Comprehensive performance evaluation and optimization of hybrid power robot based on proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The mobile welding robot based on a hybrid power drive system is a system with complex control characteristics such as nonlinearity, strong coupling, and disturbance of working environment. These characteristics have different effects on the control performance. In order to improve control characteristics of the mobile welding robot, it is necessary to study an effective evaluation method to explore the influence of these parameters on the control performance of the mobile welding robot. In the process of seam tracking, the operation indexes of welding robot system are determined by comprehensive evaluation. On the premise of ensuring tracking accuracy and stability, the energy distribution of hybrid power system is optimized to improve results of continuous power supply time. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of the welding robot is established, which is combined information entropy and Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA). The evaluation parameters are divided into the first-level evaluation index and the second-level evaluation index. The evaluation model is established by using information entropy, and the data are linearized and dimensionally reduced by using the KPCA. The results show that the method can well deal with and analyze the nonlinear relationship between various indexes. At the same time, the numerical relationship between performance indexes can be established. On this basis, a comprehensive performance evaluation theory based on information entropy, and nuclear principal components is established. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation results are brought into the energy management optimization strategy. The experimental results show that this method not only improves the accuracy of weld tracking, but also ensures the stability of the robot and reduces energy consumption.

Research on the Construction of Age-Friendly Community Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model: Evidence from Community in Hefei of China.

Background and AimThe construction of an age-friendly community is beneficial to meeting the needs of the elderly and coping with ageing. It is significant to evaluate the quality of age-friendly communities through scientific methods. The study aims to evaluate the livability of communities among the elderly in China.MethodsThe data used in this study were sourced from the community of Hefei in China, including 1426 participants aged 60 and above. Taking community in Hefei of China as an example, the analytic hierarchy process fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model was used to evaluate the community. Furthermore, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the livable elderly community and evaluates the comprehensive community system with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.ResultsThis study constructs the evaluation index system of an age-friendly community that includes five first-level evaluation indexes and 33 second-level evaluation indexes. The first-level indexe satisfaction from high to low are community safety, community comfort, community health and convenience, and community service. Among them, flat roads (more than 74.3%), greening (more than 78%), quietness (more than 76.8%), health situation (more than 65%), and public transport facilities (more than 66%) were relatively satisfactory. However, in terms of community service, the overall satisfaction of the elderly is not high.ConclusionThis study revealed that the level of the age-friendly community in Hefei of China is relatively high. The community safety score is the highest, comfort is relatively high, followed by community health and convenience. The score of community service was low. Moreover, the results indicated that improving the quality of service has become the key to improving the satisfaction of the elderly in the community.

Risk Evaluation Indicator System for Lightning Disaster in Oil Storage Depots

Since oil storage depots typically hold large quantities of oil or gas, they are prone to the build-up of high energy and density levels. This paper established a lightning disaster risk assessment index system for oil storage depots that considered the primary causes for accidental explosions due to lightning and included four first-level, 13 second-level, and 13 third-level indexes. Furthermore, this index system was based on the analysis of the mechanism underlying lightning-causing accidents in different types of storage tanks. Furthermore, it involved the establishment principle for the comprehensive evaluation indicator system, denoting a “comprehensive system, distinct layering, and simplicity.” This system includes four first-level evaluation index, 13 second-level evaluation index and 13 third-level evaluation index. It visualizes the affiliation relationship between different risks that may cause lightning accidents in oil storage depots, introduces the method used to obtain each underlying risk indicator and lays a theoretical foundation for assessing the lightning disaster risk in oil storage depots.

Application of Fuzzy Extension Analytic Hierarchy Process in Location Selection of Logistics Center

This paper use fuzzy extension analytic method to solve the problem of location selection of logistics center. First, establish an evaluation system. There are three first-level indicators at the criterion level, which are social benefits, economic benefits, and infrastructure, and nine second-level indicators at the sub-criteria level. The extension analytic method is used to compare all the factors corresponding to the layer to the first factor and use the number of extension intervals to compare them in pairs, so as to construct a judgment matrix for the extension interval and find the weight vector. Further hierarchical ranking is performed. Secondly, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to determine the factor set and evaluation set of influencing factors, and the evaluation matrix is established. The primary element is used to determine the evaluation model. First-level evaluation is performed on each logistics center to obtain a second-level evaluation matrix. The model comprehensively evaluates the two-level evaluation matrix, and then ranks the evaluation levels of each which introduces extension theory, considers human ambiguity, uses interval numbers instead of specific numbers to construct a judgment matrix. The example proves that the ranking is more practical and provides a theoretical basis for site selection.

Curve and Surface Fitting Techniques in Computer Vision

Curve and surface-fitting are classic problems of approximation that find use in many fields, including computer vision. There are two broad approaches to the problem — interpolation, which seeks to fit points exactly, and regression, which seeks a rougher approximation which is more robust to noise. This survey looks at several techniques of both kinds, with a particular focus on applications in computer vision. We make use of an empirical first-level evaluation approach which scores the techniques on multiple features based on how important they are to users of the technique and developers. This provides a quick summary of the broad applicability of the technique to most situations, rather than a deep evaluation of the performance and accuracy of the technique obtained by running it on several datasets.

Research on Evaluation Index System of Mountain Expressway Landscape Coordination

To better evaluate the effect of mountainous expressway landscape restoration scientifically and reasonably, this paper discussed the evaluation index system of mountainous expressway landscape coordination. Based on scientifically grasping the meaning and characteristics of mountainous expressway landscape coordination, 15 first-level evaluation indicators and 36 second-level evaluation indicators were selected from four aspects: internal highway landscape coordination, external environment coordination, road landscape coordination, and landscape and safety coordination. The index constructed the evaluation index system of mountainous expressway landscape coordination and explained the significance of the evaluation index. To serve the purpose of evaluating the coordination of the mountain road landscape, the constituent factors of the secondary indicators were standardized and scored to achieve the grading and quantification of the indicators. This paper also discussed the evaluation method of highway landscape coordination, which can enrich the theory and method system of mountain highway landscape coordination evaluation to a certain extent.