First Dynasty Of Babylon Research Articles

VERSIÓN ACADIA DE LA INSCRIPCIÓN REAL A DE SAMSUILUNA, REY DE BABILONIA

Los reyes de la Primera Dinastía de Babilonia registran en los <<Nombres de año>> la destrucción, restauración y construcción de murallas. Samsuiluna (1749-1712) incide en esta política arquitectónica de carácter defensivo. Así lo pone de manifiesto la inscripción Real A de Samsuiluna al recoger la restauración de seis murallas que habían sido construidas por uno de sus predecesores, S?mû-1a-I1.

Unpublished Cuneiform Texts from Old Babylonian Period

النصوص المسمارية وبشكل خاص النصوص الاقتصادية تُعتبر واحدة من اكثر الوثائق المهمة التي تعكس حقيقة الحياة اليومية، في الحقيقة من بين عصور بلاد الرافدين العصر البابلي القديم (2004-1595 ق.م) تميزَ بتطور النشاط الاقتصادي الذي انعكس في النصوص المسمارية الاقتصادية كمادة فكرية لدراسة الاوضاع الاقتصادية و الاجتماعية لذلك العصر ، هذا البحث يدرس خمس نصوص مسمارية غير منشورة التي هي جزء من نصوص مصادرة تعود الى المتحف العراقي، لذ فان موقعهم ومصدرهم غير معروف ، احدهم يعود الى (ابي-ايشيوخ) الملك الثامن لسلالة بابل الاولى ، نص اخر له صيغة تاريخية جديدة نعتقد بانها تعود (ابي-ساري) سادس ملوك مدينة لارسا ، ثلاث منهم لايمتلكون صيغة تاريخية مما ادى ذلك صعوبة تحديد المدة الزمنية لهذه النصوص، لكن بشكل عام تعود للعصر البابلي القديم ، بالاستناد الى الاسماء الشخصية التي تحتويها والتي كانت مألوفه في ذلك الوقت، فضلاً عن طريقة الكتابة التي تدعم عائدية النصوص الى العصر البابلي القديم

A Balaĝ to Enlil from the First Sealand Dynasty

Abstract:The tablet published in this article stems from the Sealand dynasty that ruled southern Babylonia between the end of the first dynasty of Babylon and the Kassite period. The tablet contains an abbreviated version of the Balaĝ am-e bára-an-na-ra . The Sealand text enables an examination of the literary history of this Balaĝ from the Old Babylonian period to the first millennium BCE.

ハンムラビ占領下の「ラルサ地域」における保有地の「管理」と「経営」

This paper is to outline the management system of holdings in the Larsa Area immediately after the conquest by the First Dynasty of Babylon, through the consideration of the process of redistribution of holdings.Hammu-rabi conquered Larsa Dynasty in his 30th year. He and Lu-Ninurta, a high official, managed new royal estates through officials (Siniddinam, Samas-hazir, etc.) delegated to the Larsa Area. These circumstances are roughly reconstructed through the administrative letters excavated from Larsa. Fields directly managed by Larsa Dynasty were confiscated, and holdings palace or temple had granted to subordinates were redistributed through land survey and change of holders.In Larsa Dynasty, holdings had been inherited among paternal family without renewing registers. The holder was not always the same in registers.Hammu-rabi changed this old management system of holdings. The new system can be roughly divided into two levels. While the first level means holdings were reconfirmed and the management was provisionally kept, the second means holdings were finally granted. The present author proposes that the former as “administration” can be distinguished from the latter as “management”.First, officials clarified the holder of inherited holding (*eqel bit abim) to solve the land managerial inconsistency. If new receivers of holding had been subjects of Larsa Dynasty, officials reconfirmed (bârum) the inherited field as eqel sibtim “holding field”, and let them temporarily continue their production activities (“administration”). Then, to not only former holders but also immigrants and those who had had no field, officials granted (nadanum, kânum) field as *eqlum sa ilkim “ilkum-service field” that the holder should be the ilkum-service performer (“management”). Similarly, eqel sukusim “subsistence field” was granted, but it will be defined as a type of holding different from *eqlum sa ilkim (cf. the list in p. 17).Thus, as the Laws of Hammu-rabi and the administrative letters show, a new management system was founded on *eqlum sa ilkim.

The Year-Names of the First Dynasty of Babylon

The Year-Names of the First Dynasty of Babylon

M. J. A. Horsnell, The Year Names of the First Dynasty of Babylon , vol. 1 : Chronological Matters : The Year Name System and the Date-Lists ; vol. 2 : The Year-Names reconstructed and Critically Annotated in Light of their Exemplars , Hamilton, 1999

M. J. A. Horsnell, The Year Names of the First Dynasty of Babylon , vol. 1 : Chronological Matters : The Year Name System and the Date-Lists ; vol. 2 : The Year-Names reconstructed and Critically Annotated in Light of their Exemplars , Hamilton, 1999

The Role of the Temples from the Third Dynasty of Ur to the First Dynasty of Babylon

The Role of the Temples from the Third Dynasty of Ur to the First Dynasty of Babylon

KRAUS, F. R.: The Role of Temples from the Third Dynasty of Ur to the First Dynasty of Babylon

KRAUS, F. R.: The Role of Temples from the Third Dynasty of Ur to the First Dynasty of Babylon

The Work of the Potter in Ancient Mesopotamia During the Second Millennium B.C.

ABSTRACTIn the beginning of the second millennium B.C. Babylon became the centre of power in Mesopotamia. Hammurapi (1792-1750 B.C.) was one of the most important kings of the First Dynasty of Babylon. He is above all known for his law code (Codex Hammurapi). At the height of his power the Old Babylonian Empire extended as far as Sumer in the south and to Nineveh in the north. After the Old Babylonian times a dark period followed in the history of Mesopotamia. The conquest of Babylon in 1595 B.C. by the Hittite king Mursilis I ended the First Dynasty of Babylon. His allies, the Kassites from the Zagros Mountains, occupied Babylon without breaking the Babylonian traditions. Dur Kurigalzu became their capital. In 1157 B.C. the Kassite Dynasty was attacked from Elam (southwestern Iran) and came to an end.

The Grammar and Syntax of the Year-Names of the First Dynasty of Babylon

VARIOUS methods of designating years were used in the Ancient Near East.1 They can be conveniently classified into two groups: 1) dating by numbers and 2) dating by names. Dating by numbers includes dating by the regnal years of a king, in which the years of each successive king were numbered consecutively from the first year to the last year of his reign, and dating by an era, in which the years of an epoch were numbered consecutively from a point at which some important event had occurred. Dating by names includes designating a year by the of a high official or by a sentence describing an event. Within ancient Mesopotamia each of these methods of dating was used in various geographic areas and at various times. In northern Mesopotamia, dating by the regnal years of a king was used in all periods of Assyrian history. From the time of Adad-Nirari II (ca. 911 B.C.) to the middle of the seventh century B.C. each year was also designated by an eponym, i.e., by the of a high official. This is called an eponym system, and lists called limmu-lists were compiled in antiquity that recorded the eponyms in chronological order. Such eponyms were also used in the Old Assyrian period and in the Kingdom of Mari. In southern Mesopotamia dating by regnal years occurred at the end (ca. 2400 B.C.) of the Early Dynastic period (ca. 2800-2400 B.C.) and during the span of time from the Kassite period (1595-1159 B.C.) to well into the time of the Seleucids (311-126 B.c.). A system similar to the Assyrian eponym system was also used towards the end (ca. 2400 B.C.) of the Early Dynastic period. In this system an event was chronologically anchored to the term of office (bala) of a high official. The system of designating a year by a sentence describing an event is called a year-name system, the sentence being the name (mu) of the year. A year-name was usually written in Sumerian. Date-lists, in which year-names were given in chronological sequence, were composed as an aid in identifying the chronological position of any particular year-name in relation to other year-names. A few year-names are known from the last part (ca. 2400 B.c.) of the Early Dynastic period. In the Akkad period (ca. 2400-2200 B.c.) it became the official dating system of the empire and continued as such to the end of the First Dynasty of Babylon (1894-1595 B.c.) at which point it was

The Home of the First Sealand Dynasty

It is remarkable that so little is known of a dynasty that lasted for 368 years according to King List A 1 Not even its home town has been identified. Modern scholars refer to it as the Sealand Dynasty, but this name is first attested for it in the Cassite period,2 while the king lists call it bala BES.tIA (A) or bala BES.ku.ki (B rev. 1 and 11 ) .3 The uncertainty as to reading and location has caused modern scholars to avoid the latter name. A third variant attestation of this name has recently come to light in a small K fragment identified by the writer and joined to K 8532+.4 This document, of which there were at least two copies in Ashurbanipal's libraries, began with the antediluvian kings (unless some account of creation preceded them), next interposed a bilingual literary version of the flood story, and then continued with post-diluvian dynasties down to the first half of the First Millennium. It is rarely cited as a king list because so little remains. The new fragment offers the end of the First Dynasty of Babylon and the beginning of the Sealand Dynasty:

Babylonian observational astronomy

The cuneiform texts from ancient Assyria and Babylonia that are preserved offer direct evidence for systematic astronomical observation in two widely separated periods. From the first half of the second millennium B.C., later tradition has transmitted the dates of successive Venus appearances and disappearances in the reign of a king of the First Dynasty of Babylon. From the middle of the eighth century B.C. to the middle of the first century B.C. are preserved a large number of fragments of astronomical diaries attesting extensive daily observations of naked-eye astronomical phenomena.

The "Babel of Tongues": A Sumerian Version

whatever, it is the normal, not yet contracted, name for the Sea. The possibility of still later arrival of the story is, however, not excluded; the uncontracted ti'amtum is still fully alive in Old Babylonian, and one cannot help thinking of the Western Semites that founded the First Dynasty of Babylon, the Dynasty of Amurru as the Babylonians themselves called it. Which word these invaders used for sea is not known, but there is nothing to exclude the possibility that they used the term tihilmatum-in status indeterminatus for use as proper name: Tihamat. The occurrence of teh5m in Hebrew and tihnmat in Arabic shows that it is entirely possible-one can only hope that new evidence will one day allow us to see more clearly on this point. Until then our personal preference is for assuming that the motif was brought to Babylon late, with the Amorites.

Anatomical Nomenclature in an Akkadian Omen Text

Previous articleNext article No AccessAnatomical Nomenclature in an Akkadian Omen TextMary I. HusseyMary I. Hussey Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Cuneiform Studies Volume 2, Number 11948 A journal of ASOR Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/1359231 Views: 3Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article: Ivan Starr Omen Texts concerning Lesser Known Parts of the Lungs, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 42, no.22 (Oct 2015): 109–121.https://doi.org/10.1086/373001

Light out of Ur-The Devotion of Elamite Kings to Sumerian Deities

THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL spectrum cast by the light out of Ur is a marvelous display of ancient colors. Some of these are historical, political, ethnological, linguistic, commercial, social, and religious. So complex was the civilization in lower Babylonia in that day that to keep within our bounds, in time and space, we must delimit our discussion. In this case we have chosen that period in Sumer immediately following the overthrow of the third dynasty of Ur, when Kudur Mabug, son of Simti-shilhlak, the Elamite, is found to be sovereign of a new realm. The beginnings and the extent of his early conquests are still shrouded in mystery. The time in general was that contemporary with the first dynasty of Babylon. And we are still in the dark as to the relation, if any, that Kudur Mabug may have sustained to the monarch who ruled over the main empire of Elam. Indeed, this Elamite dynasty, on the basis of our present knowledge, seems to have been a political oasis of the Elamite Empire. Kudur Mabug, at any rate, designates himself as lcur-Mar-tu (Nos. 122, 123, 300) father of Amurru. Warad-Sin his son calls him ad-da Emutbal. A discussion of the geographical significance of these terms at this time would carry us too far afield. Kudur Mabug was also overlord of as much of Sumer as his arms had seized. He appointed in succession his two sons, Warad-Sin and Rim-Sin, kings of Larsa. (F. W. K6nig in his recent Geschichte Elams in Der Alte Orient 29.4, assigns Kudur Mabug to 20001960 B. C., and his sons Warad-Sin to 1997-1986 B. C., and Rim-Sin to 1985-1907 B. C.) We must also sidestep both the chronological and the political problems that face us here, and gather up some of the beams of religious light that appear in the activities of that apparently isolated dynasty of Elam. While some homage to Sumerian divinities had been noticed in texts of Elamite rulers already published no such display of religious devotion and loyalty has been seen as we now find in the

Some Observations on the Financial Importance of the Temple in the First Dynasty of Babylon

Previous articleNext article FreeSome Observations on the Financial Importance of the Temple in the First Dynasty of BabylonIra M. PriceIra M. Price Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 32, Number 4Jul., 1916 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/369799 Views: 50Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures (1895-1941), which is continued by the Journal of Near Eastern Studies (1942-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Resit Ergener Religion and the Rise of Inequality, (Apr 2020): 99–129.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44455-6_6

Babylonian Legal and Business Documents from the time of the First Dynasty of Babylon, chiefly from Nippur. By Arno Poebel, Ph.D., formerly Harrison Research Fellow in Assyriology, University of Pennsylvania. (Vol. VI, Part II, of the Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, edited by H. V. Hilprecht, etc.) 1909.

Babylonian Legal and Business Documents from the time of the First Dynasty of Babylon, chiefly from Nippur. By Arno Poebel, Ph.D., formerly Harrison Research Fellow in Assyriology, University of Pennsylvania. (Vol. VI, Part II, of the Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, edited by H. V. Hilprecht, etc.) 1909. - Volume 43 Issue 2

Babylonians and Assyrians: Life and Customs

THIS little book belongs to a projected series of volumes which we gather are intended to deal with the Babylonians and Assyrians and other allied Semitic races, “the object of the series” being, according to the prospectus, “to state its results in popularly scientific form.” The volume assigned to Prof. Sayce, which is the first of the series to make its appearance, describes the life and customs of the Babylonians and Assyrians, a subject which offers many points of interest to the general reader. Moreover, within recent years much new material has been published which has thrown considerable light on the social condition of the Babylonians and Assyrians during both the earlier and the later periods of their history. Thousands of clay tablets, which were unearthed at Telloh in Southern Babylonia and have found their way into the museums of Europe, contain temple-records, lists and inventories, receipts and tablets of accounts, and furnish a glimpse of the daily life of the early inhabitants of Babylonia at about 2500 B.C. The letters and commercial documents of the period of the First Dynasty of Babylon enable us to form a still more intimate acquaintance with the life of the Babylonians under some of the earliest of their Semitic kings; while the systematic publication of the legal and epistolary literature in the great collection of tablets from Kouyunjik has increased our knowledge of the social condition of Mesopotamia under the later Assyrian kings. Finally, the large collections of tablets of the Neo-Babylonian and Persian periods, which are now available for study, make it possible to trace the development of laws and customs down to the latest periods of Babylonian history. There is, therefore, no lack of material on which to base a sketch of the manners and customs of the Babylonians and Assyrians.