First-aid Workers Research Articles

Formation and development of "critical care medicine with Chinese characteristics"

In the late 1970s, the critical care emergency medicine has sprung up in Western developed countries, but it was still a blank in China. At that time, the mortality of critically ill patients in China was very high, and the traditional treatment mode could hardly revive patients. How to improve the cure rate? The strong sense of responsibility of doctors prompted the first group of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine first-aid workers to find the answers. Professor Jinda Wang, director of Emergency Medicine Specialized Committee, Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine at that time, was the leader of the group. In 1974, Professor Jinda Wang innovated to break the forbidden area that Chinese medicine could only treat "chronic diseases", broke the original division and professional boundaries, took the lead in introducing the world's modern first-aid medicine into China, and applied traditional Chinese medicine to emergency medicine. He creatively established a new interdisciplinary subject: Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Critical Care Medicine in the First Center Hospital of Tianjin. The acute "three failure" rescue research room and rescue ward was also the first medical unit of modern critical care medicine that combined the medical treatment and scientific research in China, which served as a base to train professionals from all parts of the country. "Scientific progress should not stay barricaded inside. We should not only introduce advanced parts from abroad, but also give full play to our own advantages so as to produce a new synergistic effect. In today's treatment of critically ill patients, both Chinese and Western medicine had their own certain advantages. The purpose of integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatment of critically ill patients is to take the advantages of both, achieve the best curative effect, improve the cure rate, reduce the mortality, rather than compare the proportion of Western medicine and Chinese medicine in treatment. Under the guidance of this thought, China's integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for critical care medicine has developed rapidly, and is laying the foundation for the development of modern critical care medicine in China. China's integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for critical care medicine is truly "critical care medicine with Chinese characteristics".

378 High-Speed Handling of a Hemorrhage Control System by First-Aid Workers and Physicians: The CLICK-CLACK Study

378 High-Speed Handling of a Hemorrhage Control System by First-Aid Workers and Physicians: The CLICK-CLACK Study

Contribution to the Definition of a New Type of More Technological Ambulance: Use Case of French Civil Security Ambulances

Emergency operations are on the rise today due to the different types of emergencies encountered, which include crises, accidents, natural disasters, and suicides. This increase can lead to problems in coordination and communication between those involved in an emergency operation. In addition, emergency services have independent medical devices, which are sometimes redundant; however, there is a lack of devices for taking suitable actions in heterogeneous environments (urban, rural, mountains). Therefore, it would be interesting to redesign ambulance services to take account of these issues. These improvements concern two objectives. First, to provide an optimal response to the victim during an emergency operation. Second, to facilitate the exchanges between all people involved from the initial order to the arrival at the hospital. This paper focuses on and illustrates a solution to simplify exchanges between first-aid workers in the field and medical practitioners in the hospital during emergency operations. In particular, it analyzes interoperability at the outset of the conception of a system that helps to exchange quickly and efficiently information for a medical emergency.

Violence against health care must end: it's a matter of life and death

Violence against health care must end: it's a matter of life and death

Use of an Automated Device for External Chest Compressions by First‐aid Workers Unfamiliar With the Device: A Step Toward Public Access?

The objective was to establish the feasibility of using an automated external chest compression (ECC) device among first-aid workers unfamiliar with the device. Eighty first-aid workers unfamiliar with the Autopulse ECC device were randomized into three groups. Group 1 was given two explanatory illustrations on device use. Group 2 was given four explanatory illustrations. Group 3 was shown a 5-minute video on the placement and use of the device and allowed to handle the device for 5 minutes. The time taken to place and start the device on a mannequin was recorded. There was no significant difference among the three groups with regard to age, sex ratio, experience, and time elapsed since their last training session. No mistakes in device placement were made by any of the groups. All 80 participants started ECC in less than 160 seconds. There was no significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 in time taken to place or start the device (medians and 25-75 percentiles = 72 [54-112] vs. 86 [46-130] seconds and 154 [103-183] vs. 156 [120-197] seconds, respectively). However, Group 3 first-aid workers obtained significantly better results (19 [16-26] seconds to place and 48 [40-65] seconds to start; p<0.0001). An automated ECC device can be rapidly placed and used by first-aid workers unfamiliar with the device. In the light of these results, use of the device by the general public can be envisaged.

Organisation sanitaire lors des opérations de déminage dans le Finistère

The regional social affairs and health services department (DDASS) of Finistère in France, in cooperation with first-aid workers, the town hall and the police headquarters, have developed and refined a method for medical evacuations of people during mine clearance in the area of Brest. It consists of conducting a census of the population in their place of residence, identifying the hospitalisation needs, and organising their management and care provided by the first-aid workers. Having been applied and put into practice since 2003, this method is reliant on tools created by the regional social affairs and health services department of. It is frequently used and has proven its effectiveness.

Les intoxications particulières de la région aquitaine

Some intoxications are more specifically linked to the Aquitaine region than to other regions of France, due to environmental circumstances (fauna, flora, climate) or traditional activities (gastronomy). Three types of intoxications are particular in this area. Pine processionary caterpillar envenomations (Thaumetopoea pityocampa), a Southern Europe pinewood parasite, are frequently encountered in the Landes' forest. They are responsible of ocular and/or skin lesions with urticaria or contact dermatitis, seldom associated with immediate IgE hypersensitivity. According to the south Atlantic coastal region geology and the marine streams, venomous marine animals are mainly located in Charente-Maritime for jellyfish, in Gironde and in Landes for weeverfish and in Atlantic Pyrenees for sea anemone. Usually not dangerous, first-aid workers treat most cases of these envenomations. Some endemic mushrooms (Tricholoma auratum) which grow on the dunes of the Atlantic coastal region, are usually considered as very good comestibles, but were recently responsible for serious intoxications: T.auratum was responsible of several cases of rhabdomyolysis, without neurological involvement, nor renal or hepatic lesion. Three deaths were notified. Animal studies confirmed the responsibility of the mushrooms.

The Economics of Public Health and Medical Care

It is eminently fitting that a meeting devoted to the economics of public health and medical care should be held under the auspices of the Milbank Memorial Fund. Many of America's great foundations have demonstrated a keen and unwavering interest in medical problems of one sort or another. But few of them, I believe, have been any more interested in the health of the people and particularly in the economic aspects of our present methods for preserving and safeguarding that health than the Milbank Fund. Through its excellent department of research it is adding new knowledge to our present precious store, and it is criticizing and analyzing the progress of public health work to make sure that this work is directed toward important problems and rests on sound bases. It was in considerable part through the timely and generous support of the Milbank Memorial Fund that the Committee on the Costs of Medical Care was able to start its five-year program of research in an endeavor to formulate a plan for providing adequate, scientific medical service to all the people, rich and poor, at a cost which can be reasonably met by them in their respective stations in life. The Fund was quick to recognize the significance and the desirability of carrying forward the Committee's program, and we of the Committee have always felt we could obtain not only financial support but also intelligent cooperation and valuable advice at 49 Wall Street. What is perhaps more important, we knew we didn't have to follow the advice given. Tonight I wish to address you not only as chairman of the Committee on the Costs of Medical Care but also as a physician, fallen from grace, if you will, but a physician nevertheless. Let us speculate a little about the future development of medicine and public health in the United States.

Organisation des secours extrahospitaliers lors du sommet 2003 du G8 : nouveau concept de poste médical mobile (PMM)

Objective. – The occurrence of the 2003 G8 summit in Evian and the threat of major civil riots or even terrorist attacks in the Swiss neighbourhood forced us to imagine a new system of rescue and medical care in case of numerous victims. Previous occurrences of the G8 in Europe or America have demonstrated the need of flexible and mobile structures, able to respond quickly to crowd movements, unlike the usual static structure of rescue systems designed for major accidents. Methods. – We developed a new concept of Mobile Medical Squadrons (MMS) consisting of several vehicles and medical care and rescue human resources. In our concept, each MMS consisted of 3 emergency doctors, 5 paramedics and 9 first-aid workers. They were designed to handle 15 patients, with a large autonomy in terms of rescue, medical care, evacuation and medical authority. The equipment included medical, resuscitation, simple decontamination, evacuation and communication materials. Results. – The MMS were dispatched four times during the G8 summit following civil riots. They took care of 12 injured patients. Conclusion. – The concept of MMS as a reinforcement of the existing rescue and health care resources appears as a new flexible, a modular and useful concept for the medical management of collective prehospital emergency situations. Its use is suggested instead of the traditional static concept of rescue systems designed for major accidents.

Le citoyen secoureur. Secours publics, sauveteurs et secouristes en France à la fin du XIXe siècle

The Helpful Citizen. Public Assistance, Rescuers, and First-aid Workers in XIXe Century France. Frédéric Caille [39-50]. This article deals with the management of collective risks in the French public space during the nineteen century. It studies two interest groups : the «rescuers» and the members of forst aid associations established between 1850 and 1900, and how they did not really attend to public safety but much more to the social construction of republican citizenship. The critic examination of the two main claims of these groups illustrates the permanence of their project : defense and illustration of the social exemplarity of a generic figure, the devoted, helpful and courageous citizen.

The birth and growth of a National Society

In conformity with the resolutions of 1863 and the Swiss policy of armed neutrality, our National Red Cross Society has from its very beginning considered support of the army medical service to be one of its primary tasks. First to assume this task was the Société de secours aux militaires et leurs familles, which was founded on July 17, 1866. Apart from training volunteer first-aid workers to tend the wounded and the sick, the Society also extended its help to the families of soldiers mobilized in war-time. It carried out its main social work during the Franco-Prussian war of 1870-71 and also rendered assistance to French troops interned in Switzerland. The Swiss Central Red Cross Society, which was founded on April 25, 1882, and replaced the Société de Secours, also planned to “promote the care of the sick in time of peace and of war”, at the same time considering it its duty to render “first-aid in the event of accident”.