Fire Safety Requirements Research Articles

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ НАРУШЕНИЙ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ ПОЖАРНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПО РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМ НАДЗОРНОЙ ПРОВЕРКИ ПОМЕЩЕНИЯ ФИТНЕС-ЦЕНТРА

An example of violation of fire safety requirements in a fitness center is considered.

Numerical analysis of the effect of external opening on fire safety of refuge floors in tall buildings

Refuge floors are fire safety requirements for tall buildings in many Asia-Oceania cities. However, there are concerns on the adequate provision of cross-ventilation and drencher system to openings on refuge floors. To review the existing situation, a survey of 44 building developments involving 51 blocks of both residential and non-residential tall buildings was conducted. A new fire safety parameter, i.e. the ratio of external wall openings areas to the nominal total wall areas of refuge floors (wall opening area ratio, or WOAR), was introduced to provide a quantitative measure in analysing fire safety level of tall buildings. To study how the ventilation provision is affected by WOAR, numerical simulations for the effect of natural ventilation on fire growth on the refuge floor were conducted by incorporating the wind data collected from the tallest building in Hong Kong. In the simulations, an office layout was adopted on both upper and lower floors for the sake of illustrating the possible smoke and heat spread from lower floor to upper floor (refuge floor). Finally, fire safety issues in relation to natural ventilation on fire in tall buildings were discussed. Suggestions in improving the fire safety design of tall buildings are proposed.

Issues of Regulatory Framework for Fire Safety in Water Transport

The presented study analyzes fire statistics in water transport and documents regulating fire safety requirements.Aim. The study aims to highlight the need to use technical regulations and fire statistics to develop a fire safety system and to enhance the supervision of compliance with safety regulations during hot works and day-to-day operations on ships.Tasks. The authors analyze fire statistics over the past years; determine the shipboard spaces where the greatest number of fires occur; examine the causes of fires on ships; identify the major directions in which fires spread in different shipboard spaces; describe the existing types of fire protection and fire-extinguishing equipment and methods for different shipboard spaces; highlight the importance of organizational measures taken by the management during fire-fighting operations and documents regulating fire safety during the construction and operation of ships.Methods. This study uses the methods of logical and statistical analysis that allow the authors to accumulate information about fires and their consequences, to present the major regulatory documents, and to formulate conclusions regarding the need for a fire safety system.Results. Statistics on the occurrence and propagation of fires in different shipboard spaces is analyzed. The characteristic features of fire protection measures used in water transport are identified. Fireextinguishing methods used in different shipboard spaces are described. A fire safety regulation system for water transport based on the major regulatory documents is presented.Conclusions. The conducted study highlights the importance and relevance of organizational measures aimed at the compliance with fire safety requirements and regulatory documents that make it possible to systematize measures necessary to protect the lives of people and to maintain smooth functioning of water transport.

ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗМІЩЕННЯ ЗАКЛАДІВ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА ТЕРИТОРІЯХ ЗІ СКЛАДНИМ РЕЛЬЄФОМ У КОНТЕКСТІ ПІВДЕННОЇ УКРАЇНИ

ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗМІЩЕННЯ ЗАКЛАДІВ ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ НА ТЕРИТОРІЯХ ЗІ СКЛАДНИМ РЕЛЬЄФОМ У КОНТЕКСТІ ПІВДЕННОЇ УКРАЇНИ

Adequate fire safety for structural steel elements based upon life-time cost optimization

Structural fire safety requirements implicitly balance up-front investments in materials (protection or element sizing) with improved performance (loss reductions) in the unlikely event of a fire. For traditional prescriptive fire safety recommendations, the underlying target safety levels are not clear to the designer, nor is the associated balancing of risk and investment costs.It is discussed that traditional (structural) fire safety design is deterministic, with the safety foundation premised upon the collective experience of the profession. However, it is noted that building forms are increasingly uncommon in nature, due to material choice, height, failure consequences, etc. Within the framework presented in PD 7974–7:2019 there is an expectation that probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methods be employed to demonstrate adequate safety for cases where the collective experience of the profession cannot be called upon to guide design approaches. In doing so, any design must be demonstrated to be tolerable to society, and the residual risk as low as is reasonably practicable (ALARP).In support of the PD 7974–7:2019 framework, the paper assesses the failure probabilities of isolated steel elements in function of insulation thickness, utilization, load ratio and (mean) fire load. In support of a generalized definition of target safety levels for structural fire safety engineering, optimum target safety levels for insulated steel beams are then determined as a function of the fire characteristics by applying life-time cost optimization (LCO) techniques. The LCO results in an assessment of the optimum investment level as a function of the fire, and damage and investment cost parameters characterizing the building. It is intended that the current contribution can be a steppingstone towards rational and validated reliability targets for performance-based design (PBD) in structural fire safety engineering.

The Study of Fire Safety for Multi-Storey Container Hotel: A Case Study in Muar PPT Hotel

Recent trends show diversified usage of container that usually intended as mobile transportation case for trading industry and now applied as building materials especially for commercial building such as hotel. However, as new material, it should comply with basic fire safety requirement which spelled out in the Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984. In the construction laws of a building in Malaysia, the characteristics of building must comply with the requirement and regulations before it is being approved in the Certificate of Completion and Compliance (CCC). Thus, this study is focusing on the container materials and its compliance of fire safety requirements and strategies for multi-storey container hotel building. Literature review and case study are used in order to get the information and to compare the ability of the materials and construction to comply with UBBL 1984 in terms of passive design. The results of the evaluation show the possibilities of Multi-Storey Container Hotel to be built and used complied with passive fire safety requirement.

К вопросу о пожарной опасности аккумуляторных батарей

The current problem of ensuring explosion and fire safety of the accumulator batteries is considered in the article. At many facilities, including for industrial purpose, they are used as uninterruptible emergency power supply for fire protection systems, as well as the networks supplying power consumers of the first category on the reliability of power supply (and the special group included in it). Analytical summary is presented that shows the advantages and disadvantages of the most commonly used types of batteries in Russia from the point of view of their explosion and fire safety. According to the statistics, the lead-acid accumulator batteries are widely used most of all. The requirements applied for explosion and fire safety of accumulator installations, as well as the methods for its assessment and ensuring, are reviewed in detail. Inconsistency of the requirements of the regulatory documents at various levels (standards, set of rules, departmental norms and rules) is noted, which makes it difficult to control the production of the accumulator batteries, their proper selection for use at the facilities and further operation. Analytical methods for explosion and fire safety assessment in emergency short circuit conditions were studied when analyzing the explosion hazard parameters of hydrogen mixture with air in order to categorize the rooms with the installed batteries. The approaches are analyzed concerning the calculation of the ventilation systems for ensuring compliance of these premises with explosion and fire safety norms. Practical significance of the work is in studying the results of many years of the accumulator batteries experimental studies for compliance with the requirements of GOST 12.2.007.12—88. Specific evidence-based recommendations were developed on increasing the explosion and fire safety of batteries in real operating conditions. The proposal was made on creating the single normative document regulating fire safety requirements of battery installations and their test methods. This initiative is based on the vast experience of the authors in this area and the widespread practice of using the current regulatory framework.

Characteristic Infringements in the Field of Fire Safety Committed in the Operation of Large Trading and Entertainment Complexes

The article is devoted to fire safety offenses committed in shopping centers, problematic issues of preventing these offenses. The main reasons for violations of fire safety requirements by the authors include cost savings on the provision of fire safety measures by the owners of shopping centers, which to some extent contributes to their impunity.

Fire hazard of textile materials based on polyester fibers for rail vehicles

Introduction. Wide application for the arrangement of passenger railcars (curtains, upholstery and covers of chairs and sofas, bedding) is occupied by fabrics made of fire-proof, chemically modified polyester fibers that meet ­foreign requirements. An experimental study of the parameters of fire hazard of such a fire-resistant textiles ac­cording to the Russian requirements to furnish railcars showed the impossibility of achieving normative criteria on the toxicity of combustion products and smoke-forming ability because of the peculiarities of the process of ­thermal decomposition. Therefore, an important task is to conduct a comprehensive research on the feasibility of establishing realistic numerical values of criteria of toxicity of products of combustion and smoke generation. Problem of the issue . A feature of the thermal decomposition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is its ability to be in a viscous state at high temperatures. The most effective method of fire protection of PET fibers is chemical modification at the stage of their production due to the introduction of organophosphorus functional compounds in the synthesis process. Wide application in the construction of railcars, flameproof tissue is significantly hampered by their failure to comply with the requirements for smoke generation ability and toxicity index of combustion ­products. Results and discussion . Introduction in the polymer chain of PET retardants that do not affect the conditions of tech­nological processing, possibly with their contents not more than 10 % by mass. This amount of flame re­tardant provides the material’s resistance to ignition and flame spread on the surface, lack of education burning melt, but does not alter significantly the toxicity index of combustion products and the rate of smoke generation. Experimental data on the toxicity of combustion products (the yield of CO and CO 2 in the mode of flaming combus­tion) flame retardant, low flame on the surface of the fabrics, flameproof polyester fibres. A comparison of the results of determination of toxicity index of products of combustion to the results of calculations of the generalized index of toxicity (CIT g ). Conclusions . The criterion value of CIT g (0.75) was established for evaluating the possibility of using textile materi als in railway sleeping railcars, corresponding to the index of toxicity of combustion products from 34 to 52 mg/m 3 (43 mg/m 3 ± 20 %), which indicates the possibility of using fabrics with the index of toxicity of combustion products HCl 50 ≥ 35 mg/m 3 . Proposals have been developed to improve fire safety requirements for textile materials used in passenger railcars.

ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEM OF REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF RADIATION-HAZARDOUS FACILITIES

Energy-related buildings and structures are designed to meet safety requirements. The greatest danger is a radiation. In Russia there is an advanced system of regulatory documents, which contain thousands of requirements for radiation and fire safety, and layout solutions. During design and construction it is necessary to use the organizational system of checking and compliance of various requirements to the object. An important part of the system is the subsequent processing of requirements at the stages of design and project implementation. The process of processing the requirements consists of research, analysis, formulation and approval of the requirements, followed by tracking their performance in the project, at the construction site and during operation. In the development of basic and detailed documentation, in the construction the list of requirements is used for setting the tasks of the customer, the decision of their designer, the implementation of decisions by builders and installers.

COMPLIANCE WITH LIGHTNING LOCATION SYSTEMS INDICATORS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT, LOSS PREVENTION, INVESTIGATION OF CAUSES

Introduction. Thunderstorms in general is produced by atmospherically (climatic) processes, combined with additional hazardous effects. Thus, strong wind, flash flooding and hail causes a long time consequences including damages and injuries. Lightning protection systems are designed and projected in accordance with the requirements of the normative documents, which not always included measures of personal safety and guaranteed absences of injuries. Improving the state of life safety and loss prevention are based on standards and rules, which depend on the results of risk assessment, and investigation of cause’s events.
 Purpose. The purpose of this article is to analyze this problem in several areas concerning the situation with a systematic approach to the technical regulation in Ukraine of such a sector of life safety as the lightning protection.
 Methods. Methods of research: calculations using a mathematical model; comparison of the results of the calculation, forecasting of the boundary parameters of the technical condition and monitoring of the lightning location systems properties; examination, qualification, definition of indicators of lightning location system in the composition of the geographical informational system, taking into account laying conditions. Also comparison of different methods for calculating positioning coordinates is given.
 Results. One of the components of the system lightning protection - the parameters of positioning coordinates of the lightning location system is investigated. The location of lightning strike points is not specified in the applicable fire safety regulations, although this criterion is often used precisely to set fire safety requirements: for buildings, utilities, fire alarm systems, and more.
 Measures are proposed for implementing test methods and means and incorporating them into standardized technical solutions. In this respect, there can be no claim to the International Electrotechnical Commission and its publications. It is suggested to take into account a number of identified gaps in regulatory documents, relationships between regulators and supervisors, user requests. The analysis of the current normative and technical requirements for the accuracy of coordinates positioning in lightning location systems. On this basis, methods of investigating the causes of events are supplemented, which simplifies the application of impact analysis and the development of protective measures.
 Conclusion. Determination of the positioning coordinates of lightning stroke is not regulated in the current normative documents on fire safety, although this criterion is often used precisely when establishing requirements for fire safety: to buildings, cable installations, to the installation of fire automatics systems and to others. It is proposed to take advantage of the accuracy in determining the location using mapping geoinformation systems and services in the analysis of indicators of the system of thrust. Conducted theoretical studies of indicators of the lightning location systems have established their relevance for risk assessment methods, measures to prevent losses and to investigate the causes of death, injury to living creatures and other property damage events.

Research of fire safety on the basis of calculation of fire risks in objects of trade and socio-cultural purpose in case of conditional fire

The article is devoted to the study of fire safety based on the calculation of fire risks in the objects of trade and cultural purpose in the event of a conditional fire. The conditions for safe evacuation of people in the event of a fire in the areas of the object, characterized by a significant concentration of people are substantiated. In both cases, a differential (field) fire model was used to calculate the dynamics of fire hazards. The formation of a three-dimensional computational domain was carried out in the Pyrosim program. In the article, the calculations of the dynamics of fire hazards were carried out, the measurements of which were carried out in seven conventionally accepted comparison points (locations of sensors-meters OFP). The estimated time to evacuate people is generally determined by simulating the movement of people before going outside. The choice of the method for determining the estimated time of evacuation was made taking into account the specific features of the space-planning solutions of the building, as well as the features of the contingent. As a model for calculating the evacuation time, an individual flow model of human traffic was used. Calculations for the considered scenarios of fire in the area of cinemas and in the area of the shopping hall showed that the individual fire risk for people is 8.94·10-8 and 2.63·10-7 year-1, respectively, that is, does not exceed the normative value. The results of the individual fire risk assessment can be used to confirm the compliance of the object of protection with fire safety requirements.

Façade requirements in the 2021 edition of the US International Building Code

SummaryFollowing the Grenfell Tower tragedy in London, the US requirements for fire safety of façades were revisited. The 2018 edition of the key US regulation, the IBC, had associated shortcomings, in spite of the fact that no US fire losses with fatalities have resulted from complying wall assemblies. This is contained in Chapter 14, Exterior Walls.The key fire test used for exterior assemblies (façades) in the US is a large‐scale test, namely NFPA 285. The test evaluates the vertical and lateral flame‐propagation potential of any exterior wall assembly system with combustible components, typically including insulation. The systems are evaluated as flat specimens containing neither corners nor projections. The “typical” fire scenario modeled corresponds to a fire in a room, venting through a window opening and exposing the exterior wall from both inside and outside. The fire test equipment is a two‐story structure with a test room on each story and a window opening. Two burners expose the test specimen: one is placed inside the ground floor test room and the other one is placed outside, near the window opening. The fire test contains pass/fail criteria based on measuring the following phenomena:• Vertical and lateral flame propagation over the exterior,• Vertical and lateral flame propagation inside the combustible core,• Vertical flame penetration into the second story,• Temperature rise on the exterior and within any wall cavities.The IBC includes requirements for a variety of products and also detailed requirements for three specific assemblies: metal composite materials, high‐pressure decorative exterior‐grade compact laminates, and exterior insulation and finish systems (known in Europe as external thermal insulation composite systems). It also includes requirements for fire‐retardant‐treated wood, water‐resistive barriers, and exterior wall coverings, such as siding and very detailed requirements for foam plastic insulation (as tested on its own and within the assemblies). This work shows multiple changes made when revising the 2018 IBC to the 2021 IBC.Concerns have been expressed regarding the applicability of NFPA 285 to fire scenarios associated with the twin effects of either (a) vertical (such as angled walls) or horizontal (such as balconies) projections or (b) wind. No changes to that effect were made for the 2021 IBC.Three concepts were discussed in detail but not adopted into the code using the “16 ft. parallel panel test” (from FM 4880), either as an alternate or as an additional test, incorporating the effect of wind during the NFPA 285 test and considering the effect of corners and/or projections from flat surface during a modified NFPA 285 test. Also a requirement was incorporated into the International Existing Building Code to conduct an NFPA 285 test when façades are added, replaced, or modified.In summary, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the requirements for façades (both materials and assemblies) in the USA in the presently applicable building code (IBC 2018) and in the next edition (2021) of the applicable building code.

Problematic issues of quality, certification and tests of fire-fighting technical production

The paper analyzes the compliance of products with the requirements of the "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements". In the conditions of rapid growth of industry, production and output of products using new technologies with the use of new substances and materials, there is a need for the state and society to respond adequately to all kinds of risks that may arise in the use of products, especially if such products are subject to mandatory requirements. One of the types of such products is fireproof paints, varnishes and coatings - Fire Retardant Coatings (hereinafter – FRC). Application of FRC is based on increasing the fire resistance of building structures to the level regulated by the existing regulations depending on the degree of fire resistance of the building. Frequently, problems with FRC quality are only detected at the stage of checking the performance of fire protection works when applying FRC which do not meet the fire safety requirements.

Модель отнесения объектов защиты к определённой категории риска в области пожарной безопасности

Introduction. A mathematical model is presented for assigning protection objects to certain risk categories in the field of fire safety. The model is based on the concepts of the probability of adverse effects of fires causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of harm (damage) from fires. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the study is to develop the procedure for assigning protection objects to a certain category of risk of harm (damage) based on estimates of the probability of fires with the corresponding severity consequences, to determine the acceptable level of risk of harm (damage) due to the fires, to calculate and develop numerical values of criteria for assigning objects of protection to the appropriate risk categories. Methods. The boundaries of the intervals corresponding to certain risk categories are determined by dividing the logarithmic scale of severity of adverse effects of fires into equal segments. Classification methods are used to assign objects of protection to a specific risk category. Results and discussion. Based on the level of severity of potential negative consequences of a fire, risk categories were determined for groups of protection objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and by functional fire hazard classes. The risk category for each individual object of protection is proposed to be determined using the so-called index of "identification of a controlled person" within a group of objects that are homogeneous by type of economic activity and class of functional fire hazard. Depending on the risk category, the periodicity of planned control and supervision measures in relation to the specific object of protection under consideration is determined, taking into account its socio-economic characteristics and the state of compliance with fire safety requirements by the controlled person. Conclusions. To develop criteria for classifying protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes, the probability of negative consequences of fires, that are causing harm (damage) of various extent and severity to the life or health of citizens, and the acceptable risk of causing harm (damage) as a result of fires, is used. The risk category for each individual object of protection is determined taking into account socio-economic characteristics of the object that affect the level of ensuring its fire safety, as well as the criteriaof integrity of the subordinate person that characterize the probability of non-compliance with mandatory fire safety requirements at the object of protection. Calculations are made and numerical values of criteria for assigning protection objects that are homogeneous in terms of economic activity and functional fire hazard classes to a certain category of risk are proposed. Key words: object of protection, probability of fire, acceptable level of risk, risk category, dangerous factor of fire, death and injury of people.

Модель и алгоритм снижения последствий от пожаров через систему страхования

Introduction. Early notification of a fire by means of fire automation can save human lives and significantly reduce material damage in case of fires. One of the ways to provide housing stock fund with fire automation is insurance. The relevance of the research is to develop a model for reducing fire risks in housing through the insurance system in the Russian Federation. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is to create a model for managing fire risks in housing through the domestic insurance system. This goal allows us to solve the problem of reducing fire risks in the housing stock. Methods. They include methods of system analysis, mathematical statistics, technical and economic analysis, and mathematical modeling. The research was based on domestic and foreign literature, legal and regulatory sources, statistical materials and results of research works on the subject of the study. Results and discussion. Solutions to the model of fire risk management in housing through the domestic insurance system are found. Conclusion. The results of solving the problem of reducing the risk of death in fires in the residential sector through the insurance system are presented. The decision is based on the economic motivation of both insurers and policyholders. An algorithm and model for reducing fire risks through the insurance system are proposed that allow achieving voluntary, economically motivated compliance with fire safety requirements. Key words: fires, loss of life in fires, fire risks, fire automation, fire insurance.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МЕТОДИЧНИХ АСПЕКТІВ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ НАДІЙНОСТІ ЗБЕРІГАННЯ МАТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬК ШЛЯХОМ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ

The article is devoted to exploring the possibilities of ensuring the security of material storage at military depots by introducing risk-oriented fire safety management, developing the basics of the mechanism of fire risk management of material storage facilities for military needs.Analysis of statistics shows that nowadays there is a general tendency to increase the number of fires and direct material damage from them. Considering the fact that storage facilities are characterized by a large number of dangerous factors that can cause a fire, the problem of increasing the level of fire safety of warehouses and ensuring the reliability of storage of material resources on them in the current conditions arises. At the same time, it is established that the existing requirements of fire safety for the respective objects by officials and personnel are mainly fulfilled. This situation indicates the need to improve the mechanisms of fire safety management of the warehouse.Based on the analysis of scientific publications and the results of the author's research, it has been found that the possibilities of increasing the level of fire safety of military depots are related to the introduction of risk-oriented fire safety management. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a mechanism for managing fire risks of the warehouse management of the military unit. This article presents the basic basics of the fire risk management mechanism for military material storage facilities, defines the procedure and their main elements. It is stated that the effectiveness of management decisions and actions aimed at eliminating, reducing or at least localizing fire risks and, accordingly, the results of work, has a key influence on the working expert group, which should be established in a specific military unit for risk analysis and card preparation fire risks. The latter allows documenting the existing risks and their levels, showing the conditions of occurrence of a fire, the factors influencing the level of fire risks, actions to eliminate these factors.

Assessment of conformity of the fire safety of the building of a non-specialized car service

The article is devoted to the study of the fire condition of a non-specialized car service, which is widespread mainly in agricultural areas. The assessment of compliance with the fire safety requirements of the protected object was carried out using a deterministic method and based on the calculation of fire risk. The calculation of the fire risk was carried out taking into account the absence of smoke protection at the facility and the non-compliance of the dimensions of doorways with the requirements of regulatory documents on fire safety. Calculations have shown that the value of an individual fire risk is 0,99∙10-7 per year, i.e. does not exceed the standard value (10-6 per year), established by Federal Law No. 123-FZ. Fire safety at the protected object is ensured.

Compliance on Fire Safety Measures among Ships from Flags of Convenience Countries in Malaysian Ports

This study aims to identify the trends and performance of the top five Flags of Convenience (FOC) or open registries comprising of Panama, Marshall Island, Liberia, Malta and Bahamas as compared to the top five traditional flag states or non-FOC registries, which are Hong Kong, Singapore, China, Greece and Japan in term of their compliance to the Fire Safety (Code 7) requirements. The focus on fire safety is important since fire is known to be one of the greatest risks to safety on board ships. The outcome of this study has shown that although various measures have been taken by the international community through the introduction of stricter regulations and additional enforcement initiatives through the port state control regime, the standard produced by ships belonging to the FOC countries is still significantly lower than the standard produced by ships of the non-FOC.

MODELLING OF EXTERNAL FIRE PROTECTION WATER SUPPLY SOURCES IN THE SUBSTANTIATION OF SPECIAL TECHNICAL CONDITIONS

Objectives This paper sets out to provide a theoretical substantiation of the placement of external fire-prevention water supply sources when designing unique construction objects, for which standard requirements of fire safety cannot be applied. Problematic situations arising during the design of unique construction objects, which relate to the provision of the required level of fireextinguishing substances supply, are described.Method A model constructed on the basis of graph theory is presented for the preliminary calculation of the location of external fire-fighting water supply sources that takes the equipment of fire-rescue units into account. The utility of developing a universal mathematical model for the preliminary definition of arrangement parameters of sources of external fire-prevention water supply when designing construction objects is substantiated.Results Examples of preliminary calculation of the number of external fire-fighting water supply sources are given considering the shape of the building perimeter. Additional factors determining the distances from external fire-fighting water supply sources to the projected objects are given.Conclusion A conclusion regarding the adequacy of the proposed model is formulated and directions for future research indicated that allows the applicability of the model to be specified for the calculation of the projected objects, which differ in terms of dimensions given in the plan by above-normative characteristics.