Fire Insulation Research Articles

New ALC panel wall installation quality control and reinforcement measures

The rapid development of the construction industry has promoted the emergence of autoclaved aerated lightweight concrete slab wall (ALC panel wall) materials. This new type of building raw material has excellent use characteristics: its light weight, fire resistance sound insulation performance, environment protecting, economic, convenient construction and other advantages, so it has been widely used in the field of construction. For example, it can be used in all kinds of residential housing, apartments, office buildings, underground garages and other buildings in the wall enclosure construction, making the above-mentioned buildings with higher quality and practicality. In this paper, based on the analysis of the basic performance of ALC panel walls, the construction process, transport storage and technological innovation are combined to demonstrate the quality and anti-cracking control methods in the installation process of ALC panel walls, and the reinforcement measures to improve the construction efficiency of ALC panel walls, in view of the cracking and quality problems.

Design and FEM modeling of a fire resistant cabinet for fusion environment

Diagnostic systems in fusion environments need to satisfy stringent requirements, often involving radiation and electromagnetic shielding as well as fire protection. A conceptual design of a multilayer cabinet for the RNC (Radial Neutron Camera) diagnostic systems, located in the equatorial port (EP) #01 in ITER, with a required fire rating REI-120 (R - integrity, E - leak tightness to hot gasses and flames, I – thermal) was analyzed from the thermal insulation (I) point of view during external fire scenario (Tmax=805 ℃ for 2 h). The modeling of the fire was based on the convective heat transfer represented by a HTC (heat transfer coefficient) of 35 W/m2K and radiative heat transfer with unit emissivity according to ISO-834. Focusing on the thermal criterion prescribed by the REI requirement, the objective was to demonstrate that the temperatures will remain below specified limits for at least 120 min subjected to given fire loads. The adopted strategy was to exploit an advanced microporous incombustible material – Microtherm® overstitched – selected for the fire insulation and being applicable for the ITER environment. A parametric 3D model was developed and solved using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the ANSYS code, including not only the heat conduction but internal radiation via SURF252 elements and internal convection via LINK34 elements. The relation between the thickness of fire protection and the maximum temperature after 2 h of fire was analyzed for two types of designs: with internal and external fire protection. In addition to the ideal thermal connection between the layers of the cabinet, the effects of imperfect thermal contacts were analyzed by varying the thermal conductance of CONTA174 elements. The effect of the boundary conditions: adiabatic versus specified temperature was analyzed, as well as the need for protecting the supports of the cabinet. The effect of the cabinet size at constant thickness of the walls was analyzed parametrically revealing increasing temperatures for smaller cabinets – more fire insulation needed. An analytical model used to explain the size effect relate to the competing effects of increasing heat transfer area and increasing heat capacity. The developed methodology provides an easy tool for early dimensioning of the necessary fire protection layer often needed before the start of the detailed CAD design. The necessary thickness of external protection layer for the analyzed cabinet resulted in 10 mm.

Thermal performance and condensation analysis of insulated concrete panels using a thermal-meta structure

Sandwich panels are widely employed in warehouses and factories due to their cost-effectiveness and workability. However, recent major fires in Korea, caused by the combustion of sandwich panels, have necessitated the development of limited combustible panels wgyith comparable thermal performance. In this study, we introduce an innovative panel that satisfies both fire resistance and insulation performance requirements. The panel comprises a fire-resistant concrete-based material and a honeycomb insulation material for enhanced insulation. The experimental results demonstrate that the developed honeycomb-meta precast concrete panel exhibits excellent insulation and fire resistance, outperforming traditional panels with an 18% higher flame retardancy. The panel effectively mitigates common issues typically encountered in prefabricated panels, such as decreased insulation performance and condensation at connection points. These findings highlight the potential of the developed panel in various construction applications, particularly in buildings requiring superior fire resistance and insulation performance.

Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Insulation Materials and Concrete Strength on Temperature Transitions in FRP Reinforced Structural Elements Under High Temperature

There are serious concerns about the preference of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bars, which are widely used in buildings, in reinforced concrete structures due to their sensitivity to high temperatures. Especially in cases where the glass transition temperature of FRPs exceeds, losses occur in the mechanical and physical properties of FRP bars. Fire insulation materials used in reinforced concrete structures are of great importance in protecting the building elements against high temperatures. Insulation materials protect concrete and rebars against high temperatures and prevent strength reductions. In this study, the effects of different fire insulation materials and concrete strength on temperature transitions in FRP reinforced concrete structural elements were determined by experimental studies. The protection performances of the concrete and the rebars in the concrete against the effects of temperature were investigated. The study was carried out in 500 oC environments that can reach the glass transition temperature (80-110 oC) of FRP bars. Ambient temperatures, concrete surface temperatures and reinforcement surface temperatures in the concrete were measured depending on time with the experimental setup created. As a result of the study, it was determined that fire insulation materials are more effective than concrete strengths. In the effect of ambient temperature on the concrete surface, while the rock wool allowed a temperature transition of 13%, this value was 22% in glass wool and 26% in red drywall.

Research progress on basalt fiber-based functionalized composites

Abstract Basalt fiber (BF) is a kind of high-performance fiber rising rapidly in recent years. BF is typically used in the field of structure engineering because of its high strength and high modulus. The preparation of BF-based composites first requires surface modification of BF to improve the interfacial bonding between BF and the resin matrix. With the continuous deepening of the research on BF surface modification, researchers have found that special surface modification can obtain BF-based functionalized composites, and this field has received extensive attention in recent years. In this article, research work on BF-based functional composites in recent years are summarized and reviewed from the aspects of electromagnetic shielding, water treatment, catalytic function and fire insulation. Finally, this article summarizes the BF surface modification methods, and proposes the development trends and direction of BF-based functional composites.

Carbon Nanotube/Hygroscopic Salt Nanocomposites with Dual‐Functionality of Effective Cooling and Fire Resistance for Safe and Ultrahigh‐Rate Operation of Practical Lithium‐Ion Batteries

AbstractFire and explosion accidents and reduced energy utilization due to poor cycling stability of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) caused by inevitable internal temperature rise during high‐rate operations have become a growing concern. Herein, a dual‐functional carbon nanotube/hygroscopic salt (DFCNT/HS) film with effective passive cooling performance and fire insulation for the safe usage of practical LIBs under extremely fast discharging conditions is reported. The DFCNT/HS film based on the cooling mechanism of self‐adaptive moisture absorption/desorption delivers a high cooling power of 32.9 W m−2 K−1, which can reduce the maximum temperature of a 18650–3.6 V/2.0 Ah LIB by 11.2 and 17.4 °C at discharging rates of 10 and 15 C, respectively. Covering the cooling film, the battery discharges 23.6 Ah more total capacity at 10 within 500 cycles. What is challenging, almost three‐fold extended lifetime of 425 cycles is achieved at 15 C with an extra total capacity of 467.2 Ah. Meanwhile, the developed film also shows an excellent high‐temperature resistance up to 540 °C, which can alleviate the devastating fire propagation. The fast heat dissipation and excellent fire insulation as well as the mechanical flexibility and manufacturing scalability make this new material promising for safe usage of high‐rate LIBs with zero energy consumption.

Fire Resistance Evaluation of Concrete Beams and Slabs Incorporating Natural Fiber-Reinforced Polymers.

This paper presents a numerical study to evaluate the fire resistance of concrete beams and slabs incorporating natural fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP). A validated finite element model was applied to carry out a series of numerical studies on fire-exposed reinforced concrete (RC) beams and slabs strengthened with conventional and bio-based FRP composites. The model calculates the temperature-dependent moment-curvature relationship for various segments of the member at each time step, which are then used to calculate the moment capacity and deflection of the member. The variables in the beams and slabs include different strengthening techniques (externally bonded FRP and near-surface mounted FRP), different fiber composites, and fire insulation schemes (uninsulated and insulated). The results from the study indicate that the bio-based FRP-strengthened RC members undergo a faster degradation in moment capacity and also experience higher deflections under fire exposure. This leads to a lower fire resistance in RC members with bio-based FRP composites compared to beams and slabs with conventional FRP-strengthened concrete members. The addition of fire insulation to the bio-based FRP-strengthened members can enhance their fire performance and help achieve the required fire resistance ratings for use in building applications. In this study, the NSM CFRP-strengthened RC beams were found to have a fire resistance of 3 h without any fire insulation; however, the bio-based FRP-strengthened beams required a layer of vermiculite-gypsum-based fire insulation material (of about 25 mm) to achieve similar fire resistance.

Development of composite panels based on porous glass aerogels for acoustic applications

In this work, we present the results of research on manufacturing composite materials based on porous glass beads for acoustic treatment. A new material with fire resistance, heat resistance, impermeability, longevity, and insulation is made from foam glass beads (made from waste glass) and cement mortar. Firstly, the composite concrete panels with a high level of porosity 66%–82% and spherical pores in millimeter scale (i.e., ranging from 0.15mm to 10mm) are fabricated. Then, acoustical measurements are performed to characterize the sound absorbing coefficient and the transport properties of the selected composite panels. The measurement data are compared to the semi-phenomenological Johnson-Champoux-Allard-Lafarge model to show a good agreement in terms of predicting the sound absorption property. From the obtained results it can be stated that the open porosity and the thickness of the fabricated materials affect strongly their sound absorption performance. Within a panel thickness of 33.3mm, the aerogel-based concrete panel can provide a good sound absorption coefficient which could be more than 0.60 in the frequency range of [820 1290]Hz and reach the value of 0.84 at a low resonance frequency of ~1032Hz. The methodology, therefore, enables the identification and validation of acoustical models for specific porous glass aerogel-based materials and paves the way for an efficient exploration of the parameter space for acoustical materials design.

First-Principles Computational Study of the Modification Mechanism of Graphene/Graphene Oxide on Hydroxyapatite

Due to its unique crystal structure and nano-properties, hydroxyapatite (HA) has become an important inorganic material with broad development prospects in electrical materials, for fire resistance and insulation, and in bone repair. However, its application is limited to some extent because of its low strength, brittleness and other shortcomings. Graphene (G) and its derivative graphene oxide (GO) are well known for their excellent mechanical properties, and are widely used to modify HA by domestic and foreign scholars, who expect to achieve better reinforcement and toughening effects. However, the enhancement mechanism has not been made clear. Accordingly, in this study, G and GO were selected to modify HA using the first-principles calculation method to explore the theory of interfacial bonding of composites and explain the microscopic mechanism of interfacial bonding. First-principles calculation is a powerful tool used to solve experimental and theoretical problems and predict the structure and properties of new materials with precise control at the atomic level. Therefore, the bonding behaviors of hydroxyapatite (100), (110) and (111) crystal planes with G or GO were comprehensively and systematically studied using first-principles calculation; this included analyses of the density of states and differential charge density, and calculations of interfacial adhesion work and elastic moduli. Compared to HA (100) and (111) crystal planes, HA (110) had the best bonding performance with G and with GO, as revealed by the calculation results. The composite material systems of HA (110)/G and HA (110)/GO had the smallest density of states at the Fermi level, the largest charge transfers of Ca atoms, the largest interfacial adhesion work and the most outstanding elastic moduli. These results provide a theoretical basis for the modification of HA to a certain extent, and are beneficial to the expansion of the scope of its application.

A New, Green, Recyclable Fireproof Insulation Board for Use in Integrated Composite Structure Fire Protection Systems

A fireproof insulation board can be recycled, and the raw materials used in its production are very environmentally friendly, non-toxic and non-hazardous, and bring no harm to the human body and the surrounding environment. One practical application of fireproof insulation board is in an integrated composite structural fire protection system, which is a multidimensional comprehensive structural fire protection system proposed for the combined construction of buildings with different functions, such as horizontal and vertical, to ensure overall safety in the event of a building fire. The specific new technology of this new system includes an integrated structural fire protection system composed of a 3.00 h fire insulation board, which comes from the collection of textile scraps consisting of metals and buttons removed from clothes. To prove the effectiveness of this fireproof insulation board, its parameters were collected and put into FDS (FirG Dynamics Simulator, a CFD model of fluid flow during combustion developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology), the fire safety goals considering the safety of building and personnel were established, and fire scene design based on the statistics of fire data and building codes was generated to test the safety of evacuation. To ensure the reliability of simulation results, an on-site physical fire test was conducted with the recycled insulation board. The result shows that the function of recycled board optimizes the phased evacuation design plan of personnel and solves the design difficulties of expanding fire zones and long evacuation distances when used in warehouses. Through the innovative design of the roof opening rate set at 30% and a hole spacing of 60 m, this underground fireproof insulation board is guaranteed to possess natural smoke exhaust conditions and can be used to improve public safety areas.

Reversible thermochromic and thermal insulation performances of K2O·nSiO2 based fire-resistant glass via in-situ preparation

We describe a low-cost method for synthesis of reversible thermochromic material which is considerable for energy-saving and fire-resistant applications. Here, K2O·nSiO2 based fire-resistant glass with excellent thermochromic performance was present by adding NH4+. This thermochromic material has been prepared via in-situ reaction using a newly SiO2 core–shell emulsion with high SiO2 solid content (52 wt%) and low viscosity (432.2 ± 10.9 mPa·s, 48 rpm) by the ball-milled method. These structural, morphological, optical, thermochromic and thermal insulation properties were systemically characterized. The color-changing and foaming mechanisms were further studied in detail. Onion-shaped core–shell structure and the folded morphology were clearly shown in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs. FTIR spectra was employed to characterize the difference between thermochromic material and control sample. The significant deviation appeared in visible region of this thermochromic fire-resistant glass during heating and cooling process with infrared thermography. The results shown that a small amount of NH4+ had endowed K2O·nSiO2 based fire-resistant glass with a reversible thermochromic characteristic at the specific temperature which was in accordance with the Boltzmann equation. Combined with TG-DSC analysis, fire insulation time was increased by microporous insulation layer with a sponge-like structure. A new routine toward the synthesis of multifunctional fire-resistant glass using on smart windows was provided in this work.

Thermal-Switchable, Trifunctional Ceramic-Hydrogel Nanocomposites Enable Full-Lifecycle Security in Practical Battery Systems.

Thermal runaway (TR) failures of large-format lithium-ion battery systems related to fires and explosions have become a growing concern. Here, we design a smart ceramic-hydrogel nanocomposite that provides integrated thermal management, cooling, and fire insulation functionalities and enables full-lifecycle security. The glass-ceramic nanobelt sponges exhibit high mechanical flexibility with 80% reversible compressibility and high fatigue resistance, which can firmly couple with the polymer-nanoparticle hydrogels and form thermal-switchable nanocomposites. In the operating mode, the high enthalpy of the nanocomposites enables efficient thermal management, thereby preventing local temperature spikes and overheating under extremely fast charging conditions. In the case of mechanical or thermal abuse, the stored water can be immediately released, leaving behind a highly flexible ceramic matrix with low thermal conductivity (42 mW m-1 K-1 at 200 °C) and high-temperature resistance (up to 1300 °C), thus effectively cooling the TR battery and alleviating the devastating TR propagation. The versatility, self-adaptivity, environmental friendliness, and manufacturing scalability make this material highly attractive for practical safety assurance applications.

MODELLING A CLT SPECIMEN PROTECTED WITH GYPSUM EXPOSED TO PARAMETRIC FIRE CURVE HEAT FLUX

This paper models bench-scale experiments using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The experiments measured the temperature profiles of fire-protectedcross laminated timber (CLT) specimens exposed to parametric fire curve. The bench-scale experiment specimen is 250 x 250 mm and consists of a CLT panel 100 mm with three layers of gypsum plasterboard 15.5 mm as thermal and fire insulation The specimens were exposed to a heat flux generated by aheat-transfer rate inducing system (H-TRIS) device. Two numerical models were created in order to copy the experiment conditions, one by using basic modelling techniques and one using advanced method. Comparing the layer temperature values of the experiment and basic model, a great difference was found. The difference between experimental and model temperatures increases the closer the analysed layer is to the heat source. The results show a good agreement between the model and the experiments, especially for the advanced numerical model.

Fabrication of fire safe rigid polyurethane foam with reduced release of CO and NOx and excellent physical properties by combining phosphine oxide-containing hyperbranched polyol and expandable graphite

• A novel phosphine oxide-containing hyperbranched polyol was synthesized. • RPUF containing POCHP and EG exhibit excellent fire safety and physical properties. • The production of CO and NO x during combustion of RPUF are significantly decreased by combination of POCHP and EG. In this work, a novel phosphine oxide-containing hyperbranched polyol (POCHP) was synthesized. Then POCHP and/or expandable graphite (EG) were incorporated into rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF). EG increases foam density and deteriorates compressive strength and thermal conductivity, but POCHP has opposite effects. A 12.8% improvement of compressive strength and slightly decreased density and thermal conductivity are achieved by ERPUF50 containing POCHP and EG. And it reaches a limited oxygen index of 30.0% and UL-94 V-0 rating with immediate self-extinguishing behavior after removing flame. The peak heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke production of ERPUF50 are reduced by 71.1%, 52.2% and 71.1% respectively via bi-phase flame retardant mechanisms. Interesting phenomena were observed that POCHP promotes the intumescence of EG after combustion. The results of combustion gas analysis reveal that single POCHP or EG reduces the production of CO but increases the generation of NO x . ERPUF50 exhibits a 52% decrement of CO and an unexpected 40% diminishment of NO x . ERPUF50 with excellent comprehensive properties can not only be used as fire safe thermal insulation material with high physical performances, but also significantly reduce the release of contaminative smoke, CO and NO x in fires and waste RPUF disposal by combustion.

Comparison of Wear and Thermal Properties between the Calcium Alginate and Aramid 1313 Non-Woven Fabric

Sodium alginate fibre is an environmentally friendly cellulose fibre with excellent self-flame retardancy. This study examined the thermal protection, and wearing properties of needled non-woven from three kinds of pure calcium alginate with different gram weights, and explore the feasibility of it for fire service insulation layer. In addition, it is compared with the three main components of fire-fighting clothing insulation blankets with aramid 1313. The results show that compared with traditional fire-fighting insulation felts such as aramid 1313, calcium alginate non-woven had higher shrinkage, but it exhibited better breathability and moisture permeability and wearing comfort. The thermal stability under dry conditions was relatively poor, but the low thermal radiation protection performance of single-layer fabric was better than that of aramid 1313. Under the same weight, the comprehensive thermal convection protection performance of seaweed fabric is close to that of aramid 1313, but its flame retardant properties such as high-temperature resistance and open flame resistance are far better than aramid fibre 1313. In addition, the resulting smoke is not toxic and there is no melt dripping , the shape retention ability is better at high temperatures. After subsequent improvement, it could be applied to thermal insulation for fire suits and even more thermal protection scenarios.

Scale effect in the evaluation of the fire resistance of glazed partitions

Fire-resistance testing procedures for glazed partitions used in Europe determine the minimum dimensions of the test items (2.8 × 3.0 m, width × height in the furnace opening lumen). Tests on minimum-sized items enable the evaluation of the fire resistance of slightly larger components. Nonetheless, they do not address the real problem of using fire-resistant glazed partitions, whose heights significantly exceed the dimensions of partitions verified in tests. This study resulted in the development of a model based on testing minimum-sized items, enabling the fire resistance evaluation of aluminium glazed partitions that are much higher than the test items. A typical scale effect should be expected in this situation, resulting from the difference in the dimensions of the test sample and the actual glass partition. The model was developed based on the results of eight tests on glazed partitions. The tests performed showed that there is a relationship between the profile stiffness in a glazed partition's mullion and the mullion's deflection during a fire-resistance test. Moreover, it was observed that if a low partition maintains its fire integrity and insulation, identical behaviour can be expected of higher partitions in specific conditions. These phenomena aimed to develop an algorithm that enables the evaluation of the maximum acceptable height of an aluminium glazed partition for which the fire resistance is maintained.

Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened with NSM-CFRP Strips Subjected to Fire Exposure: A Numerical Study

The use of Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips is an efficient technology for increasing flexural and shear strength or for repairing damaged Reinforced Concrete (RC) members. This strengthening method is a promising technology. However, the thin layer of concrete covering the NSM-CFRP strips is not adequate to resist heat effect when directly exposed to a fire or at a high temperature. There is clear evidence that the strength and stiffness of CFRPs severely deteriorate at high temperatures. Therefore, in terms of fire resistance, the NSM technique has a significant defect. Thus, it is very important to develop a set of efficient fire protection systems to overcome these disadvantages. This paper presents a numerical study that investigates the fire behavior of thermally insulated RC beams flexurally strengthened with NSM-CFRP strips and subjected to fire exposure according to the ISO 834 standard. The numerical study considered three-dimensional finite element models in the ABAQUS software that have been developed to simulate and predict the performance (thermal and structural response) of fire endurance tests on strengthened, uninsulated strengthened, and thermally insulated beams strengthened with NSM-CFRP strips, which were exposed to fire and had different fire insulation schemes. The insulation used was plaster from local material with a thickness range of 25 to 50mm. The variation of the thermal and mechanical properties with the temperature of the constituent materials was considered. All beams' mechanical and thermal responses were adequately simulated using numerical models. The results of the numerical simulations were in good agreement with the experimental data. The fire behavior of the NSM-CFRP strengthened RC beams was examined and particularly the efficiency of the NSM strengthening system during the fire. The behavior in the fire of the NSM-CFRP strengthening system on the RC beams thermally protected with different fire insulation schemes was assessed. Finally, the effectiveness of fire insulation was studied.

In-situ preparation and performance of cold resistant K2O·5SiO2 based anti-fire glass

We describe a method for the synthesis of cold resistant K2O·5SiO2 based anti-fire material using a new high content and low viscosity SiO2 core–shell emulsion (HSLVCS SiO2 emulsion). The anti-fire glass which wasn’t frozen at −71 ± 1 °C was prepared by the in-situ reaction. The onion-shaped core–shell structure was clearly shown in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs, the viscosity of HSLVCS SiO2 emulsion (50 wt%) was 431.4 ± 12.1 mPa·s(48 rpm). Its in-situ reaction process for preparation of the K2O·5SiO2 followed a first-order reaction, the reaction rate constant kn = 1.774 × 108 exp (−Ea/RT) with the apparent activation energy Ea = 79.80 kJ/mol. The low-temperature-withstanding capability was tested at extreme-cold environment (−71 ± 1 °C), and the reasons for this were found by the thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The weather resistance capacity was more than 1000 h through ultraviolet (UV) test and the sponge-like microporous insulation layer can increase the fire insulation time by the fire-resistant test. This work provided a new routine toward the synthesis of the high quality anti-fire glass with various shapes, including curved surface structures.

Innovative fire and water insulation foam using recycled plastic bags and expanded polystyrene (EPS)

In recent decades, there has been a significant rise in the production and consumption of plastics and polystyrene products (notably Expanded Polystyrene or EPS), and the reuse of their waste nowadays, due to their pollution potentials, has come to the forefront of attention. In this paper, new green building insulation is offered and examined, combining recycled plastic layers and EPS boards. The waste plastic bags turned into plastic sheets during the simple recycling process, and a monolithic EPS was divided into several boards with different thicknesses. Then, the recycled plastic bags were placed between EPS boards. Two composites of plastic sheets and EPS boards were prepared. The first composite consists of three layers (two layers of EPS with a thickness of 20 mm each, and a 10-millimeter plastic layer consisting of 36 recycled plastic bags). The second composite includes five layers (three layers of foam with a thickness of 10 mm each, and two layers of plastic paper, each consisting of 24 recycled plastic bags). All samples were similar in dimension, thickness, foam density, and type. The two new composites were then compared with the control sample in compressive strength, water absorption, and flame spread test. Even though a dramatic reduction of compressive strength has been observed, the results reveal the suitability of both three- and five-layer composites, which considerably improves fire and water resistance compared to the control sample.

Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened with NSM-CFRP Strips Exposure to Fire

The behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with Near-Surface-Mounted (NSM) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips using epoxy adhesive and insulated protection schemes after being exposed to fire was investigated in this paper. The following four beams will be subjected to an experimental test: As a reference specimen, a reinforced concrete beam flexural strengthened with NSM-CFRP strips using epoxy adhesive will be tested to failure at ambient temperature. Three RC beams were flexural reinforced with NSM-CFRP strips using epoxy adhesive, one of which was left uninsulated, while the other two were insulated with plastering, with the protection schemes including a thinner insulation layer along the bottom face of the beams (25 mm) and a thicker one at the CFRP anchorage areas (25 to 50 mm). These specimens will be exposed to fire in a gas furnace according to the ISO 834 standard fire curve, and adjustments will be observed after the specimens have been heated. In general, they were all heated without any load and then allowed to cool to room temperature. They were then subjected to four-point bending (simply supported and two-point load) until their failed. The fire behavior of NSM-CFRP reinforced RC beams will be investigated, with an emphasis on the NSM strengthening system's effectiveness during a fire. The conduct of the NSM-CFRP strengthening system on RC beams thermally insulated with fire protection schemes, on the other hand, will be evaluated in the event of a fire. Finally, the fire insulation's efficiency will be investigated.