Back Of Finger Research Articles

Using VARSKIN+v1.2 to estimate dose from direct skin contamination with radionuclides 223 Ra, 212 Pb and 225 Ac; considerations for Nuclear Medicine staff and associated Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

To calculate depth-weighted doses for 223 Ra, 212 Pb and 225 Ac for the skin sites of trunk, arms/legs, face, wrist, back of hand, fingertip, back and side of fingers using VARSKIN+v1.2. Published depth distribution histograms of the basal cells were used with dose averaging in VARSKIN+v1.2. A density correction factor was applied for the 1 g/cc within VARSKIN. Results were compared to the regulatory 70 µm depth and to average depth values for the skin sites. 223 Ra has no alpha component at the regulatory 70 µm. This dose is exceeded by the depth-weighted dose rates for all sites (except the fingertip) with factors ×74 (back of finger) to x3600 (trunk). 212 Pb and 225 Ac have alpha contributions at 70 µm. . For 212 Pb, this dose value is greater by over ×2 than the depth-weighted dose rate for the wrist, back of hand, and finger sites, and underestimates dose rates for the other sites. For 225 Ac, the 70µm dose rate is exceeded by the depth-weighted dose rates for the trunk, face, arms/legs by factors of ×4-10. Using fixed depth values, the depth-weighted dose rates are larger for all sites except the fingertip. The skin dose is also calculated for biological half-lives of 1, 3 and 6 h. Using the depth-weighted dose rates and a 3 h biological half-life, the activity for 500 mSv is in the range 9-177 Bq for the trunk, face, arms/legs, wrist and hand for all three radionuclides. For alpha-emitting radionuclides a depth-weighted calculation gives more representative dose values. The very low activity values for 500 mSv skin dose to be exceeded have implications for appropriate staff PPE and training.

Multichannel Vibrotactile Glove: Validation of a new device designed to sense vibrations.

There is a growing interest in using the tactile modality as a compensation or sensory augmentation tool in various fields. The Multichannel Vibrotactile Glove was designed to meet the needs of these diverse disciplines and overcome the limitations of current sound-to-touch technologies. Using 12 independent haptic exciters on each finger's back and on the palm, the device can convey acoustic information to cutaneous vibrotactile receptors with precise control of the location, frequency, timing, and intensity. A staircase method was used to model vibration detection thresholds at six frequencies (100, 200, 250, 500, 800, 1000 Hertz) for each actuator position (All, Thumb, Index, Major, Middle, Pinky, Palm) and both hands (Right, Left). No between hand difference was observed and all finger actuators provided consistent thresholds, except for the Palm which exhibited higher thresholds. Spatial summation effects were observed when all actuators were activated simultaneously. Detection thresholds significantly increased at 100 Hertz and above 500 Hertz. These findings confirm that the system provides uniform stimulation across hands and actuators. Overall, the Multichannel Vibrotactile Glove provides the freedom to send various acoustic features to individual actuators, providing a versatile tool for research and a potential technology to substitute, compensate, or extend sensory perception.

A program to improve the hand hygiene compliance of Hong Kong preschoolers with an insight into their absenteeism

Hand hygiene prevents cross-infection and is the most effective defense against contagious diseases. Preschoolers, without proper hand hygiene skills, are a vulnerable group to such diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether hand hygiene compliance training of preschoolers in Hong Kong improves their hand hygiene knowledge and performance, and whether the training reduces their absenteeism resulting from influenza symptoms. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. A total of 110 preschoolers participated in a program consisting of 4 training sessions on hand hygiene. Before and after the program, their hand hygiene knowledge was assessed by 10 true or false questions, and their handwashing skills were assessed by photos of their hands taken before and after handwashing. Before handwashing, a fluorescent stain gel was used to cover their hands. To determine whether a causal relationship existed between compliance and absenteeism, the preschoolers' absenteeism data were collected during a period of 3 months for analysis. Significant differences were found in hand hygiene knowledge on handwashing steps, duration, and after playing with toys. Percentage increases were recorded for 8 questions. There was significant improvement in hand hygiene performance on the fronts and the backs of fingers, thumbs, and fingertips (P < .05). The findings showed a decrease in absence rates with influenza symptoms for the month before (31%), during (30%), and after (25%) the completion of the program in all participating schools. After the training program, the participants' hand hygiene knowledge and performance considerably improved. They washed their hands more thoroughly and there was a significant reduction in absences owing to influenza. Good cooperation between schools and families is found to be important in helping students build positive attitudes and habits, even in performing simple routines like hand hygiene.

Handwashing Practices in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Paediatric Intensive Care Unit and Neonatal Nurseries in Patan Hospital.

Hand hygiene has been identified as the single most important factor in minimising hospital acquired infections. However, compliance of handwashing guidelines has remained low. The aim of this study was to study the handwashing practices in the Paediatric and Neonatal intensive care units and Neonatal nurseries in Patan Hospital, and secondly to re-evaluate the improvement on compliance of handwashing guidelines after intervention. Pre-intervention study was conducted by covertly observing the handwashing practices by the healthcare workers. The healthcare workers were then shown the video demonstrating correct methods of handwashing as recommended by World health organization. The cycle was completed by discretely re-observing the handwashing practices following intervention. Sixty five samples were collected initially. Only 6 (9.2%) had completed all steps of handwashing correctly. Post- intervention, 51 samples were collected, out of which 35 (68.6%) had correctly completed all the steps. Following audio-visual demonstration, 100% correctly completed 8/10 steps of handwashing with soap and water. 8 (16%) failed to dry hands using a single use towel and 14 (28%) failed to turn off the tap using elbow. Post- intervention, 100% correctly completed 4/7 steps of handwashing using chlorhexidine. Four (15%) still failed to rub backs of fingers to opposite palm, eight (30%) failed to palm to palm with fingers interlaced, and rub thumb to opposite palm. Compliance in hand hygiene is low despite the known fact that it reduces nosocomial infections. However, a simple intervention like video demonstration can improve the compliance among healthcare workers.

Fusion of geometric and texture features for finger knuckle surface recognition

Hand-based biometrics plays a significant role in establishing security for real-time environments involving human interaction and is found to be more successful in terms of high speed and accuracy. This paper investigates on an integrated approach for personal authentication using Finger Back Knuckle Surface (FBKS) based on two methodologies viz., Angular Geometric Analysis based Feature Extraction Method (AGFEM) and Contourlet Transform based Feature Extraction Method (CTFEM). Based on these methods, this personal authentication system simultaneously extracts shape oriented feature information and textural pattern information of FBKS for authenticating an individual. Furthermore, the proposed geometric and textural analysis methods extract feature information from both proximal phalanx and distal phalanx knuckle regions (FBKS), while the existing works of the literature concentrate only on the features of proximal phalanx knuckle region. The finger joint region found nearer to the tip of the finger is called distal phalanx region of FBKS, which is a unique feature and has greater potentiality toward identification. Extensive experiments conducted using newly created database with 5400 FBKS images and the obtained results infer that the integration of shape oriented features with texture feature information yields excellent accuracy rate of 99.12% with lowest equal error rate of 1.04%.

A Hybrid Model for Biometric Authentication using Finger Back Knuckle Surface based on Angular Geometric Analysis

Bio met ric based personal recognition is an efficient method for identifying a person. Recently, hand based biometric has become popular due to its various advantages such as high verificat ion accuracy and high user acceptability. This paper proposes a hybrid model using an emerging hand based biometric trait known as Finger Back Knuckle Surface. This model is based on angular geometric analysis which is imp lemented on two different samples of Finger Back Knuckle Surface such as Finger Bend Knuckle Surface and Finger Intact Knuckle Surface for the ext raction of knuckle feature informat ion. The obtained feature informat ion fro m both the surfaces is fused using feature information level fusion technique to authenticate the individuals. Experiments were conducted using newly created database for both Bend Knuckle and Intact Knuckle Surface. The results were pro mising in terms of accuracy, speed and computational complexity.

Evaluation of Emotion by Using Peripheral Skin Temperature: The Effectiveness of Measurement on the Back of Finger

From the measurement of peripheral skin temperatures on the nose, temporalis, back of finger, and ankle simultaneously by thermistors and a thermography on the condition that peripheral blood vessels contract in smoking, it is demonstrated that the back of finger is most useful for the measurement area of skin temperature. The measurement of skin temperature on the back of finger in watching a scare video that is seized with fear is made for confirmation of the effectiveness, which is demonstrated from the result that the skin temperature on the back of finger for the scare dropped statistically in 18 subjects in comparison with that in watching a scenery video.

Malcolm, My Son

Cast Amina. African American woman. Late 30s, early 40s. A single head of household. Her son has been away at college. She is an aged militant who has been worn but not defeated by dealing with the necessities of daily life. Malcolm. A 21-year-old African American male. Amina's son. Intelligent but emotionally troubled. Ambivalent about his father and their non-relationship. Growing into what is supposed to be his transition to manhood and grappling with how to successfully actualize this struggle. Production Notes The male actor should be gay & proud (i.e, out of the closet) and should not be a heterosexual actor pretending to be gay. If professional lighting is available, each time the characters cut to re-begin the confrontation, the lights should get slightly brighter until they are full up after the last cut. Because the is in verse, the actors should be directed to bring as much emotional resonance to their voicings as possible; that is, they don't have to play like. this is a naturalistic confrontation. The actors should employ a great deal of body English and movement in the delivery of their lines. The is to be done as an encounter between the audience and the actors as well as an encounter between a mother and her son. It is important that the actors be responsive to the audience and, when they address the audience, that they actually engage individuals in the audience rather than simply looking at or speaking in the direction of the audience. (When the lights come up, Amina and Malcolm are facing each other, a chair between them, neither one moving. A second chair is off to stage rear, left.) Malcolm (Softly, tentatively) Hello. Amina Hello. Is that what you say? (She wants to move to him, but does not.) What will you tell me this gray afternoon? What marks are on your chest? What spear has been thrust into your side? What do you have to show? What do you have to hide? What light shines in your eyes? What shame do you deny? And what will you expect of me this moment? Should I hold you? Is there any embrace that can hold you? Should I just kiss you lightly on the cheek? A quick peck perhaps, something that will not keep You anchored to me? Or maybe even a gigantic hug? Or should I just wait quietly and see? What you are, what you have become? What you And what the world have made of my son? Malcolm Hello, But not like before. Today I have come to leave you forever. Though I will still be your child, I have come to announce that now I am me, And just me being me will hurt you, Not that I want to hurt you Or hurt me. It's just when children become adults Parents are sometimes hurt. Hello. But never again like before. Amina How was it before? Malcolm Remember when I came running in the kitchen My hand dripping blood? I had smashed my finger With a rock when I was trying to bust a marble On the sidewalk and the whole tip Of my finger was loose and hanging... Remember? Amina How can I forget? How can I not remember seeing the redness Of your blood falling everywhere and My own efforts not to panic, and My not knowing what to do And wrapping your hand in a towel And driving like crazy to the hospital And watching them sew your finger Back together? How can I forget? Malcolm (He holds up his hand as she talks. When she finishes, he points his forefinger to her and she reaches out her forefinger. They touch over the chair. Just fingertips. And they laugh, the chair between them.) Hello. Amina (Drops her hand, steps back.) You don't remember when you were conceived? No, of course not. How could you? How could you remember that night Or those many mornings after? How can a child remember what the mother Will never forget? Malcolm (He smiles for the first time. Chuckles. …

Tactile discrimination of gratings.

Human subjects were required to differentiate grating surfaces of alternating grooves and ridges by moving a finger back and forth across the surface. Their discriminative capacities were measured, as well as the movement and force profiles that they selected. To measure discrimination, a forced choice paradigm was used in which three surfaces were presented on each trial. Two surfaces were the same (standards) and the subject was required to indicate which of the three surfaces (the comparison) differed from the other two. Two series of surfaces were used with standards whose spatial periods were 770 and 1002 mu, respectively. Subjects were able to discriminate, at the 75% correct level, two gratings which differed in spatial period by the order of 5%. When tangential movement between the surface and the finger was eliminated, and only radial contact permitted, discrimination was degraded and the 75% correct levels increased to the order of 10%. Subjects were free to choose their own patterns of finger movement and of contact force between finger and surface. Movement was measured cinematographically. For all subjects movement patterns were close to sinusoidal, with frequencies in the range of 4.0 Hz and with mean velocities of the order of 160 mm/s. Patterns of contact force were measured by a force transducer. For all subjects the force varied rhythmically in synchrony with movement, but the patterns and magnitudes varied with the subject. Gratings were scaled for perceived roughness by a magnitude estimation technique: the relationship between perceived roughness and grating period was monotonic.