Finger Position Research Articles

Posture-dependent variable transmission mechanism for prosthetic hand inspired by human grasping characteristics

Gripping objects firmly and quickly is an important function of the human hand for everyday life. Prosthetic devices face significant challenges in replicating these capabilities, particularly in achieving a delicate balance between swift grasping and substantial grip strength while adhering to weight and form-factor constraints. To address these challenges, this study introduces a novel posture-dependent variable transmission (PDVT) that mimics the human hand’s behavior by employing a spiral-shaped spool. The PDVT’s spiral-shaped spool replicates the human hand’s quick and gentle pre-contact movements followed by a stronger force application after contact with the object. Additionally, a compressive series elastic spring enhances tendon tension across a wide range of finger postures. The manufacturing method of PDVT, utilizing both 3D printing and metal processing, enables the creation of complex spiral shapes. The PDVT demonstrates improvements in both speed and grip strength compared to conventional rigid spool mechanisms. The PDVT has the potential to be applied to various robotic grasping systems.

TrumpetNet: A Convolutional Neural Network with Self-Attention Mechanisms for visual detection of trumpet fingering

Visual detection of fingering on the trumpet is an increasingly interesting topic in music research. The ability to recognize and track the movements of the trumpet player’s fingers during the performance of a musical piece can provide valuable information for analyzing and improving instrument technique. However, this is a largely unexplored task, as most works focus on audio quality rather than instrument fingering techniques. Developing techniques for identifying essential finger positions on a musical instrument is crucial, as poor fingering techniques can harm instrument performance. In this work, we propose the visual detection of this fingering using convolutional neural networks with a proprietary dataset created for this purpose. Additionally, to improve the results and focus on the essential parts of the instrument, we use self-attention mechanisms by extracting these features automatically.

Exploring the utility of Geometric Morphometrics to analyse prehistoric hand stencils

Hand stencils are a remarkable graphic expression in Prehistoric rock art, dating back to 42 ka BP. Although these stencils provide direct impressions of the artists’ hands, the characterization of their biological profile (i.e., biological sex and age) is very challenging. Previous studies have attempted this analysis with traditional morphometrics (TM), whereas little research has been undertaken using Geometric Morphometrics (GM), a method widely used in other disciplines but only tentatively employed in rock art studies. However, the large variation in relative finger position in archaeological hands poses the question of whether these representations can be examined through GM, or, in contrast, if this creates an unmanageable error in the results. To address this issue, a 2D hand scans sample of 70 living individuals (F = 35; M = 35) has been collected in three standardized positions (n = 210) and digitized with 32 2D conventional landmarks. Results show that the intra-individual distance (mean Procrustes distance between Pos. 1–2 = 0.132; 2–3 = 0.191; 1–3 = 0.292) is larger than the inter-individual distance (mean in 1 = 0.122; 2 = 0.142; 3 = 0.165). Finally, it has been demonstrated that the relative finger positions, as well as the inclusion of all hand parts in the analysis, have an overshadowing effect on other variables potentially involved in the morphometric variability of the hand, such as biological sex.

Carpal tunnel syndrome severity, hand discomfort, and usability among three types of computer mouse.

Numerous people use computer mice for long hours, especially in offices. Mouse users reported various pains and discomfort. The study aimed to assess three types of most common mice (vertical, traditional, flat) in Iran in terms of their effects on carpal tunnel syndrome, hand discomfort, and usability. The Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome questionnaire, the Cornell Hand Discomfort Questionnaire (CHDQ), System Usability Scale (SUS), and Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) scores were used to assess vertical, traditional, and flat mice. In addition, the participant's hand position was analyzed by observation method. Most participants had medium carpal tunnel syndrome severity; however, flat mouse users had a higher score, and the difference between mice was insignificant (p > 0.05). Most mouse users felt discomfort in their small and ring fingers, and the type of mouse significantly affected thumb discomfort level. More flat users felt Pain in the different parts of their hands. The flat mouse has the least SUS score. There was a significant difference between the three mice regarding SUS scores (p < 0.05). WERA mean values were acceptable for numerous mice. Adopting neutral wrist postures was more common among vertical, flat, and traditional mouse users, respectively; however, the flat mouse users tended to bend their fingers. There are differences between vertical and traditional flat mice in terms of ergonomic indicators. Although more studies are needed, it seems that vertical mice are better in some indicators.

Development of Basic Finger Shapes Indonesian Traditional Dance Application Using Color-Based Hand Gesture Recognition

UNESCO stated that Indonesian traditional dance is a world cultural heritage that must be preserved and maintained. Efforts made by the government to preserve traditional dance are still not successful. Research shows that students have difficulty in learning traditional Indonesian dance exercises. Therefore, this study develops a solution that focuses on the difficulty of learning the basic finger postures in traditional Indonesian dances. This is important because fingers are instruments in dancing that have meaningful forms, such as Closed Urang Chopsticks, Nyempurit, Ngruji, Open Urang Chopsticks, Ke-pelan, Baya Mangap, and Ngithing. Learning the practice of basic finger postures aims to provide an independent learning experience through repetitive movements to strengthen or strengthen. This research has succeeded in making a real-time Color-Based Hand Gesture Recognition application for reliable Android devices. This is evidenced by applications that can function well in test scenarios with varying lighting and background conditions. Finally, students can learn the hand gestures of traditional Indonesian dances independently with ease. In addition, the application of the results of this research also contributes to becoming a learning medium in the current era of Blended Learning. Suggestions for future research are to increase the accuracy of Nyempurit and Ngithing attitudes.

Self-assessment of strength abilities in climbing: Impact of skill level

Introduction&#x0D; Many climbers believe that they are stronger in crimp finger position than in open hand position. However, compared to open hand, crimped fingers are associated with higher pulley forces increasing the risk of injuries. Climbing expertise may influence the estimation of strength, i.e., the better the climber, the better the self-assessment. This study therefore aimed to find out whether climbing expertise influences self-assessment of finger flexor strength in half-crimp and in open hand position.&#x0D; Methods&#x0D; Data was collected at the Hands-On Science Booth of the Climbing World Championships in Bern. Participants had to fill out a questionnaire including a self-assessment of their climbing expertise and of their maximum finger strength for both hands as well as both finger positions. Afterwards, maximum finger strength was measured on an instrumented campus board: Participants placed the to-be-measured hand on a self-selected rung (depth of 23 mm) and then tried to transfer as much force as possible from their feet to their fingers.&#x0D; Results&#x0D; The analysis was based on 38 intermediate and 36 advanced climbers. Due to the limited number of participants in the lower grade (n = 0) and elite (n = 2) level, those skill levels were not considered. Advanced climbers generated significantly greater forces than intermediate climbers across all four measured conditions (t-tests, all p &lt; 0.01). For both groups, neither in the dominant nor in the non-dominant hand a significant difference in maximum force was observed, e.g., dominant hand, intermediates: or advanced climbers: . Intermediate climbers did neither over- nor underestimate their strength in half-crimp position compared to open hand (paired t-test, p = 0.91 for dominant, p = 0.077 for non-dominant hand). In contrast to the dominant hand, advanced climbers significantly overestimated their strength in half-crimp position for the non-dominant hand (on average 9%, Cohen’s d 0.64, p &lt; 0.01).&#x0D; Discussion/Conclusion&#x0D; Our results confirm the positive correlation between finger strength and climbing level. We also confirm that on a 23 mm rung, greater forces can be generated with in open hand compared to half-crimp (Winkler et al., 2023). With larger hold depths, force generated in open hand significantly increases (Amca et al., 2012), while for smaller holds, force exerted in half-crimp position exceeds that of open hand (Winkler et al., 2023). Hence, at least for larger holds, we recommend adopting an open hand position as preventive measure against finger injuries. Advanced climbers may tend to inaccurately self-assess their strength due to their greater engagement with peers, potentially leading to the circulation of misinformation. Note that participants were instructed to provide a general self-assessment of their strength rather than for a 23 mm deep rung, i.e., they may have had a smaller hold in mind.&#x0D; References&#x0D; Amca, A. M., Vigouroux, L., Aritan, S., &amp; Berton, E. (2012). Effect of hold depth and grip technique on maximal finger forces in rock climbing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(7), 669-677. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2012.658845&#x0D; Winkler, M., Künzell, S., &amp; Auguste, C. (2023). Competitive performance predictors in speed climbing, bouldering, and lead climbing. Journal of Sport Sciences, 41(8), 736-746. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2023.2239598

A New Picking Pattern of a Flexible Three-Fingered End-Effector for Apple Harvesting Robot

During the picking process of the apple harvesting robot, the attitude of the end effector holding the apple and the movement method of separating the apple directly affect the success rate of picking. In order to improve the stability of the picking process, reduce the gripping force, and avoid apple dislodgement and damage, this work studies the new apple-picking pattern of the flexible three-fingered end-effector based on the analysis of the existing apple-picking pattern. First, two new three-finger grasping postures for wrapping the apple horizontally and vertically on the inside of the fingers are proposed, and a new method of separating the stem with a circular-pull-down motion of the end-effector picking the apple is designed. Then, the pressure on the apple under different picking patterns was analyzed, and a branch–stem–apple simulation model was established. Combining the constraint conditions such as the angle between the apple stem and the vertical direction, the movement speed, the root impulse, and so on, the optimal angle of apple circular movement and the force required to realize the movement are obtained through dynamic simulation experiments. Finally, the experiments of apple picking patterns were carried out with the flexible three-fingered end-effector. The experiment shows that the best angle for apple picking is 15°~20° using the circular-pull-down movement separation method. In terms of average grasping force peaks and pressures, the combination of the vertical holding posture of the inner finger and the circular-pull-down movement separation method is the best picking pattern. In this pattern, the average peak exerts force on the inner side of a single finger is about 8.52 N, and the pressure is about 20.9 KPa.

Children with Rare Nager Syndrome-Literature Review, Clinical and Physiotherapeutic Management.

Nager syndrome is a rare human developmental disorder characterized by craniofacial defects including the downward slanting of the palpebral fissures, cleft palate, limb deformities, mandibular hypoplasia, hypoplasia or absence of thumbs, microretrognathia, and ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. The prevalence is very rare and the literature describes only about a hundred cases of Nager syndrome. There is evidence of autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance for Nager syndrome, suggesting genetic heterogeneity. The majority of the described causes of Nager syndrome include pathogenic variants in the SF3B4 gene, which encodes a component of the spliceosome; therefore, the syndrome belongs to the spliceosomopathy group of diseases. The diagnosis is made on the basis of physical and radiological examination and detection of mutations in the SF3B4 gene. Due to the diversity of defects associated with Nager syndrome, patients require multidisciplinary, complex, and long-lasting treatment. Usually, it starts from birth until the age of twenty years. The surgical procedures vary over a patient's lifetime and are related to the needed function. First, breathing and feeding must be facilitated; then, oral and facial clefts should be addressed, followed by correcting eyelid deformities and cheekbone reconstruction. In later age, a surgery of the nose and external ear is performed. Speech and hearing disorders require specialized logopedic treatment. A defect of the thumb is treated by transplanting a tendon and muscle or transferring the position of the index finger. In addition to surgery, in order to maximize a patient's benefit and to reduce functional insufficiency, complementary treatments such as rehabilitation and physiotherapy are recommended. In our study, we describe eight patients of different ages with various cases of Nager syndrome. The aim of our work was to present the actual genetic knowledge on this disease and its treatment procedures.

Positional relationship between ball and fingers for accurate baseball pitching.

Accurately throwing an object to a target position repeatedly is one of the specific human motor skills. The final arrival position of a thrown ball can be determined by its physical state at release. In baseball pitching, reducing the variability of the velocity angle of the ball at release (release angle) is important for reducing the variability of the pitch location. Although previous studies have suggested that hand and finger movements are important for accurate throwing, their relationship with the release angle has not yet been investigated in detail. This study focused on the positional relationship between the ball and fingers, which is considered to be closely related to ball movement as an action point of the force, and examined its relationship with the variability of release angle. To obtain accurate finger positions relative to the ball without impeding movement or sensation, an automatic image recognition technology based on deep learning was employed. This approach revealed a noteworthy correlation between the lower middle finger positions prior to acceleration peaks and the reduced variability in release angle, emphasizing the importance of consistent finger positioning during the pre-release phase. This finger positioning of the pitchers with low variability in the release angle is suggested to be robust against the spatial variability of ball movement.

Whole-Body Teleoperation Control of Dual-Arm Robot Using Sensor Fusion.

As human-robot interaction and teleoperation technologies advance, anthropomorphic control of humanoid arms has garnered increasing attention. However, accurately translating sensor-detected arm motions to the multi-degree freedom of a humanoid robotic arm is challenging, primarily due to occlusion issues with single-sensor setups, which reduce recognition accuracy. To overcome this problem, we propose a human-like arm control strategy based on multi-sensor fusion. We defined the finger bending angle to represent finger posture and employed a depth camera to capture arm movement. Consequently, we developed an arm movement tracking system and achieved anthropomorphic control of the imitation human arm. Finally, we verified our proposed method's effectiveness through a series of experiments, evaluating the system's robustness and real-time performance. The experimental results show that this control strategy can control the motion of the humanoid arm stably, and maintain a high recognition accuracy in the face of complex situations such as occlusion.

Woodwind Instruments in al-Fārābī’s Kitāb al-Mūsīqī al-Kabīr

Al‑Fārābī (d. 950 CE), the so-called ‘Second Master’ (Aristotle being the First Master), is known for his influential works on philosophy, especially his commentaries on Aristotle, as well as for his works on logic, physics and metaphysics, ethics, and politics. It was on behalf of al‑Karḫī, Caliph ar‑Rāḍī’s (r. 934–940 CE) wazīr, that al‑Fārābī wrote his Grand Book on Music, explaining musical concepts such as rhythm and melody to the wazīr. As a logician and practicing musician, he combined and improved upon different sources, such as Greek musical theory, as well as on the Arabic authors and musicians al‑Kindī (d. after 870 CE) and Isḥāq al‑Mawṣilī (d. 850 CE). In this paper, I discuss several issues related to woodwind instruments mentioned in al‑Fārābī’s Grand Book on Music. Al‑Fārābī expounds on their interconnections with the tonal production of other instruments, specifying their tone system in terms of finger positions on the fretboard of the ʿūd. Further questions address the relation between theory and practice, as well as some considerations about the modes that seem to be common on woodwinds.

Electromyography based hand movement classification and feature extraction using machine learning algorithms

The categorization of hand gestures holds significant importance in controlling orthotic and prosthetic devices, enabling human-machine interaction, and facilitating telerehabilitation applications. For many years, methods of motion analysis based on image processing techniques have been employed to detect hand motions. However, recent research has focused on utilizing muscle contraction for detecting hand movements. Specifically, there has been an increase in studies that classify hand movements using surface electromyography (sEMG) data from the muscles of the hand and arm. In our study, we estimated the open (extension of the fingers) and closed (flexion of the fingers) positions of the hand by analyzing EMG data obtained from 4 volunteer participants' Extensor digitorum and Flexor carpi radialis muscles. In order to accurately discriminate EMG signals, various statistical measures such as variance, standard deviation, root mean square, average energy, minimum and maximum features were utilized. The dataset containing these additional features was then subjected to classification algorithms including Support Vector Machines (SVM), K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), and Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB) for the purpose of classifying hand positions into open or closed states. Among the tested algorithms, SVM achieved the highest success rate with a maximum accuracy of 73.1%, while KNN yielded the lowest success rate at a minimum accuracy of 55.9%. To further enhance prediction accuracy in future studies, it is suggested that data from a larger set of muscles be collected.

IMPLEMENTATION OF A PROTOTYPE FOR CONTROLLING VARIOUS INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND DEVICES USING GESTURE CONTROL

The article provides a brief description of the principles of operation of a prototype device, referred to at the time of development as Glove's Keyboard (GloK), the main function of which is to interact with a wide range of computing equipment (from personal computers to industrial manipulators) and to combine the most common HID devices, such as: mouse, keyboard and joystick. The prototype device is a glove equipped with gyroscope-accelerometer sensors capable of detecting finger positions. The developed cross-platform software provides the ability to conduct communication sessions with devices, obtain data and visualize them using 3D graphics.

Reliability, accuracy, and minimal detectable difference of a mixed concept marker set for finger kinematic evaluation

The study of finger biomechanics requires special tools for accurately recording finger joint data. A marker set to evaluate finger postures during activities of daily living is needed to understand finger biomechanics in order to improve prosthesis design and clinical interventions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a proposed hand marker set (the Warwick marker set) to capture finger kinematics using motion capture. The marker set consisted of the application of two and three marker clusters to the fingers of twelve participants who participated in the tests across two sessions. Calibration markers were applied using a custom palpation technique. Each participant performed a series of range of motion movements and held a set of objects. Intra and inter-session reliability was calculated as well as Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Difference (MDD).The findings showed varying levels of intra- and inter-session reliability, ranging from poor to excellent. The SEM and MDD values were lower for the intra-session range of motion and grasp evaluation. The reduced reliability can potentially be attributed to skin artifacts, differences in marker placement, and the inherent kinematic variability of finger motion. The proposed marker set shows potential to assess finger postures and analyse activities of daily living, primarily within the context of single session tests.

Deformation of palmar hand measurements in a power grip by wrist ulnar/radial deviation

ObjectivesThe present study analyzed changes in palmar hand measurements during power grip by wrist radial/ulnar deviation for an ergonomic grip design. MethodTwelve palmar dimensions (Tip-to-PTC/DTC distances, Tip-to-MMC distances, and Tip-to-MMC surface lengths) of digits 2 to 5 were measured for 30 Koreans with various hand sizes (15 males and 15 females; hand length = 177.9 ± 12.3 mm) at three wrist postures (neutral, 20° of radial deviation, and 30° of ulnar deviation) using 3D scanning and casting methods. ResultsAs the hand changed from the straight neutral posture to the power grip posture, the Tip-to-PTC/DTC distances (related to grip widths), Tip-to-MMC distances (related to grip heights), and Tip-to-MMC surface lengths (related to grip circumferences) decreased to 30%–65% compared to corresponding original lengths. Wrist posture also had significant effects on the Tip-to-PTC/DTC and Tip-to-MMC distances by 6.5%–9.0%, while finger position significantly affected all the measurements by 8.2%–22.3%. Practitioner summaryThe measurement protocol of palmar hand dimensions and the changes in palmar hand measurements by wrist posture are of use to develop an ergonomic handle design for comfort and prevention of musculoskeletal disorders.

“I Can See Your Password”: A Case Study About Cybersecurity Risks in Mid-Air Interactions of Mixed Reality-Based Smart Manufacturing Applications

Abstract This paper aims to present a potential cybersecurity risk existing in mixed reality (MR)-based smart manufacturing applications that decipher digital passwords through a single RGB camera to capture the user’s mid-air gestures. We first created a test bed, which is an MR-based smart factory management system consisting of mid-air gesture-based user interfaces (UIs) on a video see-through MR head-mounted display. To interact with UIs and input information, the user’s hand movements and gestures are tracked by the MR system. We setup the experiment to be the estimation of the password input by users through mid-air hand gestures on a virtual numeric keypad. To achieve this goal, we developed a lightweight machine learning-based hand position tracking and gesture recognition method. This method takes either video streaming or recorded video clips (taken by a single RGB camera in front of the user) as input, where the videos record the users’ hand movements and gestures but not the virtual UIs. With the assumption of the known size, position, and layout of the keypad, the machine learning method estimates the password through hand gesture recognition and finger position detection. The evaluation result indicates the effectiveness of the proposed method, with a high accuracy of 97.03%, 94.06%, and 83.83% for 2-digit, 4-digit, and 6-digit passwords, respectively, using real-time video streaming as input with known length condition. Under the unknown length condition, the proposed method reaches 85.50%, 76.15%, and 77.89% accuracy for 2-digit, 4-digit, and 6-digit passwords, respectively.

Sistem Keamanan Kendaraan Roda Dua Berbasis Internet Of Things (IOT)

The high rate of theft of two-wheeled vehicles makes vehicle owners afraid to leave their vehicles. Most vehicle owners increase the security of their vehicles by providing a padlock key that is placed on the motorcycle disc.Along with the increasing acts of motorcycle theft, vehicle security must also be improved, so that vehicle owners are not afraid if they have to leave their vehicle. Therefore the author wants to create a security system by utilizing a smartphone as a vehicle control tool remotely. In this study a vehicle security system was designed with fingerprints as keys and realtime monitoring of vehicles via telegram by utilizing Arduino Uno, Relay, FingerPrint Sensor, ESP32 CAM and NodeMCU. This study used an experimental method which directly tested the vehicle. The test was carried out with 10 different fingerprints, 8 finger positions and 5 fingerprint obstacles. The test results show that the system can execute commands with an average delay time of 9.11 seconds and can provide notifications in the form of messages to Telegram and can be monitored in real time when someone tries to activate the vehicle.&#x0D;

Bimanual finger coordination in professional and amateur darbuka players

Professional hand percussionists who play the darbuka (a drum from the Middle East) show fast and stable bimanual finger coordination compared to amateur players. A cross-recurrence quantification analysis clarifies how stable bimanual coordination is achieved by dissociating stochastic noise and attractor strength in the dynamic system. This study employed a cross-recurrence quantification analysis to examine professional and amateur darbuka players’ fast and stable bimanual finger coordination. Eight professional and eight amateur percussion players participated in the study and played a darbuka with their right and left ring fingers, alternating as fast as possible for 12 s. We then analyzed the finger position data and calculated the stochastic noise and attractor strength from the density and the longest diagonal line in the recurrence plot, respectively. We used linear mixed-effects models to test whether stochastic noise and attractor strength differed between professional and amateur players. The results indicate that professional darbuka players achieve fast and stable bimanual finger coordination by enhancing attractor strength rather than reducing stochastic noise in the dynamic system.

The retinacular ligaments of the digital extensor expansion revisited: An anatomical and biomechanical study.

Our aim was to clarify the anatomy and function of the retinacular ligaments. Forty-eight fingers were dissected and the thickness of the oblique retinacular ligament (ORL) was graded. In four fingers, the motion in the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints was subjected to an in-depth analysis before and after sectioning of either the lateral bands (LB) or the ORLs. The function of the ORLs in restricting flexion of the DIP joint with full extension of the PIP joint was measured in 10 fingers. An ORL could be identified on both sides in all 48 fingers. The distribution of the insertion on the proximal phalanx was 7/96 (7%) in the distal third, 70/96 (73%) in the middle third and 19/96 (20%) in the proximal third. Among the specimens, 29% were graded as having a strong bundle of fibers, 51% as having well-defined and regular fibers and 20% as having thin and sparse fibers. With the PIP joint extended, there was a statistically significant increase in flexion of the DIP joint after the ORL was cut. After the LB was sectioned, the ORL was able to extend the DIP joint with an extension lag of 10-22°. Cutting the ORL did not affect the ability to extend that joint. We conclude that the retinacular ligaments are consistent. Their major role is not connected with finger movement, but to provide stabilizing links between the PIP and DIP joints. They are active in not only specific, uncommon finger positions but also in ordinary use of the fingers.

Aquatic gymnastics program to improve kinesthetic manual praxis in children with Down syndrome

Background and Study Aim. An alternative solution to improve the praxis function in children with Down syndrom is the application of modern therapeutic programs that take place in the aquatic environment. The article focuses on a study tracking the effects of a therapeutic program based on water gymnastics resources as an alternative technology to improve kinesthetic manual praxis in individuals with Down syndrome. Material and Methods. Thirty children with Down syndrome (aged between 9 and 11 years) participated in the experiment and were differentiated in equal numbers into two groups: experimental (undergoing an 11-month therapeutic water gymnastics course) and control (taught using traditional technologies). The research battery for tracking the dynamics in the kinesthetic organization of manual movements included three neuropsychological probes with six items each, performed separately by the fingers of both hands. The empirical data were processed according to generally accepted methods of mathematical statistics: a Shapiro-Wilk test for the assumption of normality, descriptive statistics for the dependent variables and an independent samples t- test to verify between-group differences. SPSS 16.0 statistical package was used for statistical analysis, with a level of significance α = 0.05. Results. In the primary phase, the two groups were homogeneous in terms of the initial results of their performance in the area of fine motor movements. In the final phase, a statistically significant difference was identified between the experimental and control groups in the performance of all three probes: Reproduction of finger postures by the visual model (t = 4.053, p&lt;0.001); Reproduction of finger postures by the kinesthetic model (t = 2.973, p&lt;0.01); Transfer of finger postures by the kinesthetic model (t = 2.866, p&lt;0.05). A significant improvement was registered in the experimental group's performance in all components of manual praxis (Δ= 15.70%; Δ= 12.58%; Δ= 10.39%). Conclusions. The positive dynamics in praxis function development within the studied domain serve as clear evidence. These changes in the realization of purposeful, pre-planned manual actions can be generated through a well-structured training and therapy program utilizing the benefits of water gymnastics as an intervention method. This is a sufficiently encouraging fact for children with Down syndrome, given the specific psychomotor profile determined by the genetic pathology.