Fine Changes Research Articles

Etiology and Pathogenesis of Hepatic Cirrhosis

Excerpt EXPERIMENTAL CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER Improved methods of microscopic technic permitting the study of finer changes in the structure of the liver, especially mitochondrial and reticulum stain...

CHANGES IN SIZE AND RELATIONS OF LATERAL VENTRICLES IN TUMORS OF BRAIN

The injection of air into the ventricular cavities for the purpose of ventriculography, devised by Dandy, has been of great value for the localization of otherwise unlocalizable intracranial new-growths. Those who have used the method have realized that only gross deformities and alterations in the size and shape of the ventricles were being recognized, that the interpretation of the roentgenograms was often difficult, and that, in all probability, there were slight but important changes in the ventricles secondary to tumors of which little or nothing was known. Up to the present time, no careful study of the finer changes in the ventricles in tumors of the brain has been published, and we felt that such a study was needed. In the investigation of the subject, we considered it necessary (1) to make actual casts of the ventricles of patients who had died from brain tumors; (2) to compare these casts

THE CLINICAL VALUE OF AMBARD'S COEFFICIENT OF UREA EXCRETION

In the study of any metabolic process account has to be taken of the excretion of waste products, the food intake, and also the various changes which this food undergoes in the body before the end-products are ready for excretion. The last constitutes the intermediary metabolism, of which our knowledge is still very imperfect. If any one of these groups of processes is studied to the exclusion of the others, very erroneous ideas regarding the metabolism will be obtained. Likewise, in the study of renal function chemical observations of any one of these processes (nitrogen intake or output, or retention of waste nitrogen) will fail to give accurate information unless something is known of the other metabolic factors. Little value can be attached to the finer changes in the level of the blood urea, or total nonprotein nitrogen, as a gage of renal function, unless the protein intake is

A COMPARISON OCULAR

While working on certain changes in the tissues of the guinea-pig, it proved of great advantage, in observing the finer changes, to use two microscopes side by side, one showing the normal tissues and the one the abnormal tissues. On Jan. 29, 1912, I communicated with Mr. Edward Bausch, suggesting a microscope be so equipped with two objectives, that on looking through the eyepiece one would see half of the field of each objective. The Bausch and Lomb Optical Company kindly worked out the idea, using, however, two microscopes and one comparison ocular, which method is more practical and less expensive than of two objectives on one microscope.