Fine Motor Development Research Articles

Association between infant sleep and neurodevelopment in a prospective birth cohort study

ObjectivesTo investigate the association of infant sleep and sleep trajectories through the first year of life with infant neurodevelopment. MethodsThis study was conducted with 3251 infants in China. Sleep parameters were evaluated by the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire at 42days, 6months, and 1year of age. Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 1year of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition. The latent variable growth curve model was used to evaluate the developmental trajectories of infant sleep, including total sleep duration trajectories, night awakening trajectories and sleep onset latency trajectories. Poisson regression was applied to assess the association between sleep parameters and sleep trajectories and infant neurodevelopment. ResultsInfants with frequent night awakenings at 6months had a higher risk of nonoptimal gross motor development. Additionally, infants with prolonged sleep onset latency at 1year had an increased risk of nonoptimal fine and gross motor development. A consistent frequent night-awakening trajectory increased the risk of nonoptimal gross motor development (adjusted relative risk, 1.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 2.10). Furthermore, an increasing trajectory in sleep onset latency was associated with an increased risk of nonoptimal fine (adjusted relative risk, 2.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.12 to 6.51) and gross motor development (adjusted relative risk, 2.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.70 to 4.48). However, no significant association was observed between total sleep duration, or its trajectory, and infant neurodevelopment. ConclusionsSleep problems or specific sleep trajectories during the initial year of life may increase risk of compromised neurodevelopment.

Exercises and Activities for Gross Motor and Fine Motor Development in Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Case Study

Developmental coordination disorder also known as developmental dyspraxia, is used to refer the difficulty in movement skills, that children have which is not primarily due to general intellectual, primary sensory or motor neurological impairments. The patient with 6 years of age having DCD, presented with difficulty in walking and unsupported standing along with gripping difficulties as well as mild cognitive impairment. A certain set of treatment protocol was followed for about 5 weeks considering the complaints of the patient, which included activities promoting gross motor as well as fine motor functions. After following the protocol patient was able to attain unsupported standing and supported walking along with marked improvement in gross motor and fine motor functions. Different scales like, Modified Ashworth Scale, Pediatric Balance Scale were used to assess the patient as per suspected problems and if there was any associated condition. To confirm the diagnosis of the condition, criteria under diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 5 (DSM5) were verified.

The Importance of Stimulation of Fine Motor Development for Early Childhood

This research is a literature study which aims to determine the importance of stimulating fine motor development for young children. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive research method with literature study. In this literature study research, researchers used various written sources such as articles, journals and documents that were relevant to the research in this study. From this research literature study, it can be concluded that by providing appropriate stimulation, fine motor development in early childhood can be achieved optimally. This will have a positive impact on various aspects of children's development, both from a cognitive, social and emotional perspective. Therefore, it is important for parents and teachers to realize the importance of stimulating fine motor development for young children and use appropriate methods to stimulate children's fine motor development.

A Study on the Design of Embedded Visual Image Teaching Aids to Assist Young Children's Cognitive and Fine Motor Development.

Visual development in infancy is crucial for establishing neural connections and enhancing the growth of the visual center. Adequate visual stimulation supports cognitive learning, helping children integrate images, colors, and shapes. This research examines the design and use of a visual image teaching aid to guide children in exploring image cognition and developing fine motor skills. This study involved 70 kindergarten teachers who participated in a questionnaire survey about 60 children aged from 5 to 6 years old. The results show that visual graphic aids effectively promoted coordination, control, and the integration of visual and fine motor skills in children. Furthermore, these aids supported the development of spatial and environmental relationships through hands-on activities.

Neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants

Background and objectives. Preterm is defined as babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed. It is one of the world's critical health problems because it may be a significant cause of long-term neurodevelopmental disability. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of premature birth and brain injuries on neurological development and to identify problems as soon as possible in order to prevent or minimize sequelae as much as possible. Materials and methods. Between June 2022 and July 2024, 374 infants were examined at “Prof. Dr. Panait Sarbu” Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Each baby's gross and fine motor development was assessed, cognitive acquisitions were evaluated using an adapted Denver Developmental Screening Test, and where needed, physical therapy, head ultrasound/MRI, EEG, or genetic tests were recommended. Results. From the 374 infants evaluated (M/F: 142/232), 72 were excluded considering the normal term of birth. Of the other 302, 23 did not present for follow-up checks after one or two appointments, and 54 completed all evaluations up to 21-24 months (the study is ongoing). 5/54 had poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, almost all due to very preterm birth. From the remaining 225 babies, with a few exceptions with variable neurological damage (13/225), no motor or cognitive development abnormalities have been observed in the evaluations carried out so far. Conclusions. In our cohort, almost all babies who completed or did not the follow-up program had normal development (261/279), but in some cases, prematurity, brain lesions, or genetic causes remain associated with a poor long-term outcome. Establishing a follow-up system for premature infants is necessary because early management during the period of higher brain plasticity may prevent neurological complications and improve the quality of life.

PENGARUH KEGIATAN PAPER CLAY TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH USIA 4-5 TAHUN

Early childhood is a golden age marked by rapid changes in various aspects of development. Fine motor development is an important aspect that needs to be stimulated appropriately. At Insan Cemerlang Pringsewu Kindergarten, many children experience delays in fine motor development. This research aims to determine the effect of paper clay activities on fine motor skills in pre-school children aged 4-5 years at Insan Cemerlang Pringsewu Kindergarten. This research uses quantitative methods with a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach. The research population was pre-school children aged 4-5 years at the Insan Cemerlang Pringsewu Kindergarten, totaling 33 children. Data is collected through observation and analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. The results of the study showed that there was a significant increase in children's fine motor skills after participating in paper clay activities. Before the intervention, the average score for fine motor skills was 44, while after the intervention it increased to 55 with a p-value of .000 (<0,05). Implementation of this activity can be a useful alternative stimulation in early childhood education.

Experimental Study: Coloring Activities with the Abur Wipe Technique as a Means of Early Childhood Fine Motor Development

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how coloring activities using the Abur wipe technique affect young children's fine motor abilities. The study design is quasi-experimental design, quantitative research with an experimental approach. The study's population consisted of 11 pupils from Pamardi Siwi Kindergarten and 13 students from Pangudi Luhur Kindergarten who belonged to group A. Total sampling approach was employed in the sampling process. Methods for gathering data through testing. According to the findings, group A children in the experimental class had an average value of fine motor skills that was 88.36 points greater than the control class's average value of 74.15. The significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 indicates that the abur wipe technique has an impact on the fine motor abilities of kindergarten students in group A, according to the findings of the hypothesis test.

Implementation of “Kurikulum Merdeka” to Develop Children’s Fine Motor Skills in Raudathul Athfals (RA) Jambi City

Providing a good environment for children should be a priority for parents and their educators, because the environment can be a means of learning for children. This research aims to provide an overview of how structuring a play environment can provide a stimulus to help the fine motor skills of young children grow. Qualitative research using observation, interviews, documentation and field notes as data collection methods. It is set in three schools, namely RA Halimatusa'diah, RA Ahsan, and RA Iqra' Sabila located in Jambi province which was assisted by teaching staff there to obtain the data sought. This research found that the implementation of the play environment arrangement was considered successful in stimulating the fine motor development of young children in three Raudathul Athfals (RA).

Effect of swimming initiation period and continuation frequency on motor competence development in children aged up to 3 years: the Japan environment and children’s study

BackgroundAlthough involvement of toddlers in swimming activities has increased recently, information regarding the impact of swimming during toddlerhood on subsequent child motor competence development is scarce. This study aimed to determine how swimming experience, particularly the timing of initiation and the continuity of swimming activities up to the age of 3 years, affects motor competence development.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included data on children aged 1.5 and 3 years (100,286 mother–child pairs) from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. The outcomes measured were gross and fine motor function, using the Japanese version of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (Third edition). We assessed how these functions correlated with the continuous pattern of swimming pool use frequency from age 1 up to 3 years.ResultsThe group that used a swimming pool once a month or more from age 1–1.5 years but stopped from age 2–3 years showed consistently significant negative associations with gross motor development delay (minimum adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60–0.73) and fine motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.58–0.76). The group that continued swimming once a month or more from age 1–3 years showed consistently significant negative associations with gross motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.54–0.75) and fine motor development delay (minimum aOR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.31–0.55).ConclusionsThese results suggest that swimming experience starting around age 1 year is positively associated with gross and fine motor function development. The beneficial impact on gross motor function persisted from age 1–3 years. In contrast, the effects on fine motor function were not evident until age ≥ 2.5 years after starting swimming at approximately age 1 year. These findings underscore the potential benefits of early swimming experiences in enhancing overall motor skills development during early childhood.

Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Melalui Kegiatan Menggambar Bentuk Usia 5-6 Tahun di PAUD Nurul Ikhwan Desa Mondang Kab. Padang Lawas

This research aims to enhance the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years through shape drawing activities at PAUD Nurul Ikhwan, Desa Mondang, Kab. Padang Lawas. Fine motor skills, which involve the coordination of small muscle movements, are crucial for activities such as writing and manipulating objects. Despite their importance, these skills are often less emphasized compared to gross motor skills. This study employs Classroom Action Research (CAR) to address observed delays in fine motor development among children at the PAUDNurul Ikhwan.The research consists of two cycles, each incorporating shape drawing activities designed to stimulate and develop fine motor skills. In the initial observation (pratindakan), 11 out of 13 children were identified as having underdeveloped fine motor skills. The first cycle involved introducing drawing activities, but progress was limited. By the second cycle, improvements were noted, with 78% of children achieving satisfactory levels of fine motor development.The findings suggest that regular, engaging drawing activities can significantly enhance fine motor skills in young children. This research underscores the importance of incorporating creative activities like drawing in early childhood education to foster optimal motor development.

The Effect of Block Play on Fine Motor Development Among Children in Pre-School

Aims: to find out the influence of block games on the development of fine motor skills in preschool children aged 4-5 years at TKAT ARRIDLO. Methods: this study used an experimental type of research with a pre- experimental design using a pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study were all preschool children at TKAT ARRIDLO who experienced fine motor development disorders. The sampling technique is to use the entire total population so that the total sample is 17 people. The results of the study were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The research revealed that 11.8% of children had untested fine motor development before a block game, while 82.2% had suspect development. After the game, 29.4% had suspect development, and 70.6% had normal development. The Wilcoxon test indicated H1 as accepted. Conclusions: this shows that there is an effect of playing with blocks on the fine motor development of preschoolers at TKAT ARRIDLO. It is hoped that research sites can routinely apply games that train children's motor development, especially fine motor skills.

Pengaruh Aktivitas Mewarnai Damar Kurung Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Halus Anak Usia Dini

Directed coloring activities can be said to be activities that provide students with the opportunity to color based on imagination and in accordance with the teacher's instructions. The aim of this research is not only to determine the increase in children's creativity, but also to determine the effect of using resin brackets as a medium to improve children's fine motor skills at the Al-Walida Bungah Gresik Kindergarten. The method used in this research is quantitative using primary and secondary data sources. The population and sample used was 25 children. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews and documentation methods. Meanwhile, technical data analysis uses validity and reliability tests, and simple linear regression analysis. The results of the regression equation analysis, the regression coefficient This may be because the activity of coloring resin brackets can indirectly train children's motor skills. The results of the research are based on data analysis and hypothesis testing, so the conclusions that can be put forward in this research are as follows: the resin bracket coloring activity has a significant influence on the fine motor development of Group A children (4-5 years old). This is shown by the t-count value of 2,598> 1,717 with a significance value of 0.02> 0.05 with a significance level of 5%. It is hoped that research like this can provide input for educators to be more creative in providing coloring activities with interesting media, so that Children are interested every time they see the picture shown by the teacher.

Pengaruh Kegiatan Kolase dengan Pemanfatan Bahan Alam terhadap Keterampilan Motorik Halus Anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Aisyiyah Koto Baru Maninjau Kabupaten Agam

Early childhood education basically aims to support all aspects of child development. Teachers have various methods to stimulate children's fine motor development. One effective way is to utilise natural materials such as leaves, corals, stones, seeds and coconut pulp. These materials have the potential to be utilised in the creation of many artworks, encompassing collage techniques. The objective of this study was to eval_uate the influence of artistic activities involving natural materials on the refinement of children's fine motor skills at Aisyiyah Koto Maninjau Kindergarten in Agam Regency. The study employed a quantitative methodology utilising a pre-experimental design, specifically a one-group pretest-posttest strategy. The study showcased the efficacy of utilising natural materials in collage to enhance children's fine motor abilities. The post-test findings showed that collage using natural leaves was beneficial. The comprehensive study revealed an average N-Gain score of 7.87, which was categorised as high. The N-Gain percentage reached 78.7%, indicating a significant level of effectiveness. In conclusion, collage activities utilising natural materials proved effective in improving children's fine motor skills.

Behavioural and neurodevelopmental characteristics of SYNGAP1

BackgroundSYNGAP1 variants are associated with varying degrees of intellectual disability (ID), developmental delay (DD), epilepsy, autism, and behavioural difficulties. These features may also be observed in other monogenic conditions. There is a need to systematically compare the characteristics of SYNGAP1 with other monogenic causes of ID and DD to identify features unique to the SYNAGP1 phenotype. We aimed to contrast the neurodevelopmental and behavioural phenotype of children with SYNGAP1-related ID (SYNGAP1-ID) to children with other monogenic conditions and a matched degree of ID.MethodsParticipants were identified from the IMAGINE-ID study, a UK-based, national cohort study of neuropsychiatric risk in children with ID of known genetic origin. Thirteen children with SYNGAP1 variants (age 4–16 years; 85% female) were matched (2:1) with 26 controls with other monogenic causes of ID for chronological and mental age, sex, socio-economic deprivation, adaptive behaviour, and physical health difficulties. Caregivers completed the Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA) and physical health questionnaires.ResultsOur results demonstrate that seizures affected children with SYNGAP1-ID (84.6%) more frequently than the ID-comparison group (7.6%; p = < 0.001). Fine-motor development was disproportionally impaired in SYNGAP1-ID, with 92.3% of children experiencing difficulties compared to 50% of ID-comparisons(p = 0.03). Gross motor and social development did not differ between the two groups. Children with SYNGAP1-ID were more likely to be non-verbal (61.5%) than ID-comparisons (23.1%; p = 0.01). Those children able to speak, spoke their first words at the same age as the ID-comparison group (mean = 3.25 years), yet achieved lower language competency (p = 0.04). Children with SYNGAP1-ID compared to the ID-comparison group were not more likely to meet criteria for autism (SYNGAP1-ID = 46.2%; ID-comparison = 30.7%; p = .35), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (15.4%;15.4%; p = 1), generalised anxiety (7.7%;15.4%; p = .49) or oppositional defiant disorder (7.7%;0%; p = .15).ConclusionFor the first time, we demonstrate that SYNGAP1-ID is associated with fine motor and language difficulties beyond those experienced by children with other genetic causes of DD and ID. Targeted occupational and speech and language therapies should be incorporated early into SYNGAP1-ID management.

Occupational Therapy With Clothes Buttons To Improve Fine Motor Skills In Children With Moderate Disabilities At SLB N Slawi

Mental retardation or blindness is a condition of incomplete mental development or general intellectual disorder below average and characterized by impaired developmental skills or more. Fine motor skills are factors that affect growth and development. In children, occupational therapy can improve fine motor skills. The prevalence data at SLB N Slawi shows that the proportion of children with disabilities amounts to 307 students, with the highest score, namely people with disabilities, as many as 259 students who are divided into two types, namely type C and type C1. The purpose of carrying out occupational therapy is to install clothing buttons to improve fine motor skills in children with moderate disabilities. This study was a descriptive research with a case study research design. The study subjects were patients with moderate impairment who experienced fine motor impairment. Data was obtained through interviews, observations, physical examinations, literature studies, and research instruments. This research was carried out in June 2024 at SLB N Slawi, and an ethical feasibility test has been carried out. The results of this study showed that fine motor skills in children with moderate disabilities in wearing buttons per day, which were measured and recorded on the observation sheet, improved. The improvement of fine motor skills is evidenced by the difference in scores in Child F at the beginning of the meeting got a score of 8 and was originally unable to do it, but did it with help, which increased to 15, namely being able to do it independently, and in patient Child N at the beginning of the meeting got 14 points and was originally able to do with the help increased to 16, namely being able to do independently. Patients with fine motor development disorders can be given occupational therapy by buttoning clothes once a day for 15-30 minutes.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Halus Melalui Kegiatan Finger Painting RA Asunah Parigi

This classroom action research aims to determine the level of achievement of children's fine motor development and increase creativity through finger painting activities in children aged 5-6 years at RA Asunah Parigi. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and assessment. Meanwhile, the model chosen for carrying out classroom actions is the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model which has four stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. Data on children's fine motor development was obtained through observation and documentation.

The association between overprotective parenting, parental perceptions of child vulnerability and growth and development of children with congenital heart disease

Abstract Background Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most prevalent childhood birth defect, leading to health concerns in growth and development post-surgery. Parents mostly shoulder the responsibility for post-hospitalization care. The chronic nature of caring for a child with CHD induces significant stress, fostering perceptions of the child as highly vulnerable and resulting in overprotective behaviors. These behaviors could restrict the child's developmental opportunities, affecting overall growth and development. Purpose The purpose was to investigate the association between parental perceptions of child vulnerability, overprotective parenting, and growth and development of children with CHD. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional, comparative design. The total sample included 186 [93 CHD and 93 healthy controls] parents and their child aged 1-5 years. Data on parenting practices were gathered using the Child Vulnerability Scale and Parental Protection Scale. Child development was examined using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3. Growth and other clinical variables were gathered from the medical records. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlational and mediation analyses. Results CHD parents exhibited higher overprotective parenting (p=0.008) and perceived their child as more vulnerable (p&amp;lt;0.001) than healthy controls. In CHD, parental perception of child vulnerability was associated with worse gross motor (p=0.010) and problem-solving development (p=0.011), while among the controls, overprotective parenting was negatively associated with height (p=0.027) and weight (p=0.003). The path analyses revealed direct effects but no mediating or moderating effects of perceived child vulnerability and overprotectiveness on growth and development of the child with CHD. Higher parental perceptions of child vulnerability were associated with lower height (b1= -0.253, 95% CI: -0.397 to -0.087) and weight (a2= -0.098, 95% CI: -0.195 to 0.003). The higher the parental stress, the greater the perceptions of child vulnerability were (d1= 0.108, 95% CI: 0.058 to 0.160) and the worse communication skills of the child (cʹ2= -0.250, 95% CI: -0.422 to 0.091). Higher education level of the parents was associated with less perceptions of child vulnerability (d1= -1.562, 95% CI: -2.753 to -0.623), better fine motor development (c2=6.948, 95% CI: 4.137 to 9.552) and less overprotective parenting (f1=-1.874, 95% CI: -3.186 to -0.499). Higher perceptions of child vulnerability were associated with lower personal-social development (b1= -0.378, 95% CI: -0.803 to 0.046). Top of Form. Conclusion Healthcare providers should consider the diverse parental and child factors identified to initiate interventions aimed at parenting practices, realistic perceptions of their child’s condition, and reducing parental stress to optimize growth and development in children with CHD.

The Effect of Playing Playdough Media on Fine Motor and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Efforts to improve children's fine motor skills are an indispensable effort in growing and developing early childhood, one of which is using the media of playdough games. This study aims to find out (1) whether there is an effect of playdough media on the fine motor development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten, (2) whether there is an effect of playdough media on the cognitive development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent control group design, the population of this study is all children aged 5-6 years at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten, with a sample of 60 children. The instrument used was in the form of observation techniques for the fine motor and cognitive development of children. The data analysis technique used independent sample t-test analysis with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that: (1) there was a significant influence of playdough media on the fine motor development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten where the paired sample t-test results were obtained on average of 46.77 with a Sig value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. (2) there was a significant influence of playdough media on the cognitive development of group B children at Pembina Sekayu State Kindergarten where the paired sample t-test results were obtained on average of 52.93 with a Sig value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. So based on the study, it can be concluded that there is a very significant influence on playdough media games on fine motor and cognitive development in early childhood

Edukasi Penerapan Terapi Bermain Puzzle Sederhana Untuk Perkembangan Motorik Halus Pada Anak Usia 3-6 Tahun Di UPT Puskesmas Kedaton Bandar Lampung

Fine motor skills are movements carried out by the fingers with a central nervous cell arrangement that regulates the use of small muscle groups such as the fingers and hands, and often require precision and coordination with the hands. One type of game that can optimize children's fine motor development is puzzle games. Puzzles are a type of game that improves thinking skills, makes it easier to remember and understand concepts, and increases creativity. Puzzle games are simple games that are played in pairs and require precision because children are trained to focus their minds so they can concentrate. The aim of this activity is to improve fine motor development in children through puzzle play therapy. It was found that respondents were very enthusiastic about carrying out play therapy. The conclusion from this activity is that fine motor development in children can be trained using puzzle play therapy.

Analysis of Fine Motor Development of Children Aged 4-5 Years in KB Cendekia Bapangan Through Pottery Formation Play Activities

Pottery is one of the traditional handicrafts made of clay that is shaped in such a way and then heated until it becomes hard. This clay pottery forming game can help children's imagination to make a desired object from clay play. This study aims to determine the fine motor development of children through pottery playing activities. The research method applied in writing this article is qualitative method. The results of this study confirm the importance of paying attention to children's fine motor development, especially by parents and teachers. Fine motor development, which involves coordinating small muscles in movements such as writing and buttoning a shirt, is essential for everyday tasks. One effective method to support fine motor development is through the medium of play, especially the manufacture of pottery from clay. This activity not only improves fine motor skills, but also develops the child's creativity and sensory experience. Clay manipulation requires precise hand movements, which strengthen eye-hand coordination and dexterity. In addition, working with clay encourages children to use their imagination, provides rich sensory stimulation, and allows emotional expression through art. To integrate pottery activities into early childhood education, teachers and parents can introduce structured pottery sessions, provide free playtime, incorporate thematic projects, encourage collaborative projects, and showcase children's work to celebrate their achievements. Thus, the use of clay in early childhood learning becomes a fun and effective way to support fine motor development and other aspects of development.