Finding Answers Research Articles

Characterization of elusive rhamnosyl dioxanium ions and their application in complex oligosaccharide synthesis

Attaining complete anomeric control is still one of the biggest challenges in carbohydrate chemistry. Glycosyl cations such as oxocarbenium and dioxanium ions are key intermediates of glycosylation reactions. Characterizing these highly-reactive intermediates and understanding their glycosylation mechanisms are essential to the stereoselective synthesis of complex carbohydrates. Although C-2 acyl neighbouring-group participation has been well-studied, the reactive intermediates in more remote participation remain elusive and are challenging to study. Herein, we report a workflow that is utilized to characterize rhamnosyl 1,3-bridged dioxanium ions derived from C-3 p-anisoyl esterified donors. First, we use a combination of quantum-chemical calculations and infrared ion spectroscopy to determine the structure of the cationic glycosylation intermediate in the gas-phase. In addition, we establish the structure and exchange kinetics of highly-reactive, low-abundance species in the solution-phase using chemical exchange saturation transfer, exchange spectroscopy, correlation spectroscopy, heteronuclear single-quantum correlation, and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, we apply C-3 acyl neighbouring-group participation to the synthesis of complex bacterial oligosaccharides. This combined approach of finding answers to fundamental physical-chemical questions and their application in organic synthesis provides a robust basis for elucidating highly-reactive intermediates in glycosylation reactions.

Understanding the Missing Links in Hahnemann's Posology for Drug Proving

AbstractHahnemannian drug proving has been reproved and clinically verified in multiple geographical locations in the last two centuries. They continue to be the most reliable and useful proving records even today. However, in absence of daybook of these provings, many practical questions essential for its successful replication have remained unanswered. In this study, we have tried to understand a few of these questions such as why Hahnemann did not mention the doses employed in his drug proving. What were his actual instructions for the repetition of doses to the provers? In 50 years, Hahnemann's propositions for posology in drug proving changed several times. Which phase and posology have contributed maximally to the existing literature? Last but not least, is the drug proving in 30th potency ‘the best and final plan’ of Hahnemann? In the process of finding answers to these questions, some fascinating facts have emerged. Notably, to prioritise individualisation in drug proving, design drug schedules more often in a successively increasing fashion and lastly, to explore all ranges of potencies for proving till little of novel character could be recorded on subsequent proving of the drug.

Endometriosis: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and the role of gut microbiota

Endometriosis is a common disease. It affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age worldwide. However, despite the prevalence, diagnosis is typically delayed by years, misdiagnosis is common, and effective treatment takes years to achieve. Determining the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis is vital, not only to pave the way for early identification, but also for disease management and development of less invasive but successful treatment strategies. Three main typed of endometriosis have been described in literature: peritoneal, ovarian and deep infiltrative. This is mainly due to the most common locations of ectopis endometrium. .Determining the precise pathogenesis of endometriosis has proved challenging and controversial for gynecologists, endocrinologists and researchers, but recent studies have focused on finding answers. This disease is often asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during various surgical interventions or follow-up gynecological examinations. Epidemiological research reports that women with this disease are more vulnerable to ovarian and breast cancer, asthma, skin cancer suhc as melanoma, cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. The connection of the gut microbiota and endometriosis is nowadays higly suspected to exist. Scientists are focused on the influence of the microbiome on estrogens, estrogens-dependent disorders, immune system and inflammation. It is strongly velieved that correction of the gut microbiota with antibiotica, probiotics, or fecal bacterial transplantation sie a hopeful method for improving the clinical management of endometriosis.

Iran’s Attempted Denuclearization and the Legality of Nuclear Weapons Use Under International Law

The main research problem of the thesis was defined in the form of a question: what are the legal grounds for the use of nuclear weapons in the face of the current legal regulations at the international level? A secondary goal, however, was to identify economic sanctions in the face of Iran’s disatomization. The following research methods were used in the work: definition, which allowed for the definition of the uniqueness of terms, analysis and synthesis, which allowed for appropriate interpretation of the existing data, induction and deduction, which allowed for finding answers to the research questions considered in the work. The study also uses the analysis of sources, monographs and scientific articles dealing with the studied subject.

Model Latihan Shooting Sepak Bola melalui Permainan untuk Usia 13-15 Tahun

This research is motivated by many things that need to be considered before a coach determines a training method for a sport, especially football. On the other hand, as for the problems that are often faced in the field, based on experience, many parents of athletes have the paradigm that their children must become champions in every competition they participate in without understanding the process their children have to go through. The aim of this research and development is to produce a shooting training model for soccer through games for 13-15 year olds. Apart from that, this research and development was carried out to obtain in-depth information about: the development and application of shooting models in soccer through games for ages 13-15 years and to determine the effectiveness, efficiency and attractiveness of children towards the models created. The method used in this research is a qualitative and quantitative approach, which is an approach with the aim of finding answers to problems through the formulation of problems that have been formulated. Based on the data obtained, from the results of the research which consisted of expert validation, small group trials and large group trials as well as discussion of the research results, the researcher can draw the conclusion that (1) the model of shooting training in soccer through the playing method for ages 13 -15 years can be developed. (2) Shooting training model in soccer using the playing method that has been developed, obtained data on the effectiveness and results of the training model for ages 13-15 years.

A Comparison of the Thoughts of Hadith Hermeneutics Figures Fatimah Mernessi and Syuhudi Isma'il

This article discusses the comparison of Hadith Hermeneutics thought between two prominent figures, namely Fatimah Mernessi and Muhammad Syuhudi Isma'il. Both have similarities in understanding Hadith in a socio-historical manner, but have differences in the focus of study and methods of analysis. Hadith Hermeneutics is a new breakthrough in finding answers to new problems that arise in modern times. The journal Islamika, a journal of Islamic and educational science, is a place to discuss the comparative thinking of the two figures. The method used is the comparative method to find out the similarities and differences between the thoughts of Fatimah Mernessi and Muhammad Syuhudi Isma'il. This article also reviews the biography and thoughts of Fatimah Mernissi and her academic career. Fatimah Mernissi, a well-known writer whose works have been translated into various languages, has a deep interest in misogynistic hadiths. She strongly emphasizes the need for intense research into the Prophetic Hadiths, and her work deals with sex and the role of women, women and politics, women's leadership, and women/angels and paradise. Mernissi opposes the patriarchal system that gives men dominance in various aspects of life, with women often being neglected. On the other hand, Muhammad Syuhudi Isma'il, an intellectual in Indonesia, has contributed greatly to the development of hadith science. He taught the evolutive and dynamic concept of sunnah and divided hadith based on their context. He also identified asbab al-wurud in understanding hadith. From this comparison, it can be concluded that both figures made important contributions in eliminating stereotypes against women.

Developing an Employee Retention Strategy for Improving Organizational Performance in Zimbabwe: Case of Mashonaland Tobacco Company

This study was aimed at an employee retention strategy for improving organizational performance in Zimbabwe: Case of Mas honaland Tobacco Company. This study was guided by objectives such as to establish the relationship between employee retention strategies and worker performance, to determine factors that influence employee retention, to identify challenges associated with the implementation of the retention strategies and to develop an employee retention model aimed to improve organizational performance at MTC. This study adopted pragmatism research philosophy which assisted the researcher in making decisions in regards to what worked best in finding answers for the research objectives mentioned. A sample size of 218 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size determination method. In this study it was established that the organization have been offering paid time off, incentives, basic salary, career advancement, commissions, rewards and holidays to their employees as a retention strategy. It has been noted that employee retention improves productivity, employee retention increase employee morale and employee retention motivates employees thereby improves their participation. Through the use of employee retention an organization attracts qualified employees. Compensation affects employee retention, organizational culture and structure, ineffective leadership and ineffective communication influence employee retention. Whenever implementing employee retention strategies organizations always face increased resistant to change. Their operations are affected by limited financial resources and budget constraints. Insufficient communication and coordination affect the implementation of employee retention strategy. It has been noted that an organization should pay for performance, have team solidarity in an organization and prioritize recognition of top performers.

Measuring non-monetary poverty via machine learning and neutrosophic method: Review

Poverty is an emerging problem that most economies are facing today. The study is aimed at exploring research conducted on measuring non-monetary poverty via machine learning. Non-monetary poverty is identified through the following factors: demographics, population, distribution of income, climate, culture, ethnics, and availability of natural and artificial resources. Today, one of the most important aspects of non-monetary poverty measurement is using machine learning for multiple data points other than wealth or income to assess the quality of life of an individual or community. The socioeconomic factors that contribute poverty in emerging nations have also been found using machine learning algorithms. To achieve our goal neutrosophic model and machine learning algorithms were applied. Neutrosophic model used for reviewing the poverty indicators along with ML algorithms. While exploring the utility of machine learning in our study to measure poverty we will find the answers for the following questions: (1) Why it is important to take into consideration of non-monetary approaches while calculating poverty rate? (2) Which machine learning algorithms were used in poverty measurement? (3) What is the future scope of machine learning applications in poverty prediction? In finding answers for those questions, we have analyzed overall 10 papers which were collected according to exclusion and inclusion criteria and the purpose of the selection according to the content of the paper. During the survey it was found out that machine learning gives sophisticated data for identifying non-monetary reasons of poverty and this survey is first that uses machine learning to non-monetary poverty factors.

Excellent Customer Experience in the Tertiary Higher Education Sector in Botswana as a Competitive Advantage

This study was aimed at developing a framework for the adoption of social media marketing by Small and Medium Enterprises in the manufacturing sector to improve their sales performance. This study was guided by objectives such as to ascertain how WhatsApp can improve the sales performance of SMEs in Botswana, to assess how Facebook can be used as a tool for increasing SME sales performance, to evaluate how effective LinkedIn is in improving SME sales performance, to determine strategies to implement social media marketing framework for SMEs and to develop a framework for the adoption of social media marketing by small and medium enterprise to improve sales performance. This study adopted pragmatism research philosophy which assisted the researcher in making decisions in regard to what worked best in finding answers for the research objectives mentioned. A sample size of 218 was determined using Taro Yamane sample size determination method. In this study it was established that SMEs have a Facebook page which they use to market its products and communicate with its customers. More so it was established that the majority of SMEs had a limited comprehension of the notion of social media marketing. The notions can be understood in a variety of ways by some. The term social media marketing is frequently used to refer to web-based platforms for engagement that, in addition to facilitating communication, enable users to share content such as photographs, videos, and links to other sites. The study established that WhatsApp has the potential to positively influence consumer purchasing decisions, thereby contributing to the growth of sales for local culinary items. It is important to comprehend the ramifications of Facebook strategies from the customer standpoint, as well as the determinants that contribute to the triumph of brands in the social media realm. It was observed that LinkedIn can assist SMEs to connect with potential customers, enhance brand visibility, and drive sales. The research suggests that policymakers should establish an index on social media marketing to serve as a reference for all small and medium businesses as a way of improving implementation of social media marketing. This research contributes to the academia and industry by identifying some research gaps and providing directions for future researches.

A Model of Reducing Employee Turnover as a Result of Job Dissatisfaction in the Ministry of Education in Harare Province: A Case Study of Harare Urban Teachers

The purpose of the study was to develop a model of reducing employee turnover as a result of job dissatisfaction in the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education in Harare province using a case study of Harare urban teachers in Harare district. Specific objectives were to establish factors which influence employee turnover in Harare under Harare District, to determine the effect of work environment on employee turnover, to examine the effect of employee turnover on production, to ascertain the relationship between job dissatisfaction and employee turnover and to develop a model of reducing employee turnover in the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education in Harare province. This study adopted pragmatism research philosophy which assisted the researcher in making decisions in regards to what worked best in finding answers for the research objectives mentioned. Pragmatism is more suitable in this study in making operational judgments based on what will work best for this study on reducing employee turnover as a result of job dissatisfaction in the ministry of education in Mashonaland west. A sample size of 278 was determined using Krejcie and Morgan sample size determination method. In this study it was found that a comfortable work environment for employees can increase their morale and encourage better performance. Respondents noted that job dissatisfaction can lead to career change thinking. It was established that factors such as more opportunities to progress in careers, job satisfaction affects employees’ productivity thereby results in employee turnover and retention, lack of communication making the employees feel underappreciated and unnoticed, less commitment, organizational policies and lower salary package influence employee turnover. It was also established that poor working conditions promote high staff turnover. This study established that the organization should carefully consider the hiring process, recognize strengthens and connection to the culture while reducing burnout. Furthermore, the organization should increase its motivation packages and encourage work life balance. The study recommends that Public Service Commission should develop a spirit of teamwork, Public Service Commission should empower teachers to succeed, Public Service Commission should give teachers support and should make working conditions more favorable. Considering that the study’s model explained around 68% of the reasons influencing employee departure from Zimbabwe’s education sector, future research may center on the remaining 20%. There is a chance that new perspectives will emerge from a study of multiple types of Zimbabwean private education providers operating in the context of the country. This study could involve conducting interviews with key stakeholders affiliated with the private education providers of interest to glean insights into and Implications for improving staff retention within the private education industry.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Pada Materi Pola Bilangan Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif Konseptual Tempo

The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of mathematical problem solving on number pattern subjects in terms of the conceptual tempo and cognitive style of class VIII students of SMP Negeri 11 Mataram. The type of research is descriptive-qualitative. The instruments used are the Matching Familiar Figure Test, the math problem-solving ability test, and interview guidelines. Data collection methods include cognitive style tests, math problem-solving ability tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Indicators of Krulik and Rudnick problem-solving stages are reading and thinking, exploring and planning, selecting a strategy, finding answers, reflecting, and developing. The results showed that students with fast, accurate, and reflective cognitive styles were able to fulfill five indicators of the Krulik and Rudnick problem-solving stages. Reflective students allocate time appropriately and thoroughly in solving problems compared to fast-accurate students, so that the answers given by reflective students are more accurate than those given by fast-accurate students. Students with an impulsive cognitive style are able to run four indicators, while slow inaccurate students are able to run three indicators of Krulik and Rudnick. Slowly inaccurate students take a long time and are less thorough than impulsive students, so the answers given by slow inaccurate students are less accurate than those given by impulsive students.

International Collaboration on Digital Marketing Materials for the Social Entrepreneurship MSME Community Group of Tri Alam Lestari Waste Bank

International Cooperation between STIE Indonesia Banking School and Khon Kaen Business School Thailand in Waste Bank Management and Digital Marketing for MSMEs Tri Alam Lestari Waste Bank Community. The purpose of this service is to create awareness about waste management and digital marketing skills among MSMEs. This process includes the discussion stage, identification of needs, preparation of materials, and implementation of seminars. The implementation methods include finding expert speakers, presenting material, and question and answer sessions. This activity was carried out in South Jakarta, located at Tri Alam Lestari Waste Bank. As a result, MSMEs' understanding of digital marketing and environmental awareness increased, which has the potential to impact business growth and environmental sustainability.

GDP Impact on the Digital Economy in European Union Countries

This article explores issues relating to the development of the digital economy in the countries of the European Union. Its aim is to assess the impact of a country’s GDP on its DESI index. In this study, the research problem involves finding answers to the following questions: 1) Why does the development of the digital economy in different EU countries show such a substantial variation? 2) Which DESI index indicators have the greatest impact on its final score? 3) Does the overall development of the domestic economy have an impact on the development of its information society? The research conducted with these goals in mind warrants the conclusion that the pace of development of the digital economy in the less developed EU countries is higher than in the leader countries. Furthermore, it has been found that the indicators within the “4 Digital public services” and “1 Human capital” dimensions have the greatest impact on the DESI index. The direct influence of GDP per capita on the DESI index has been demonstrated experimentally. In contrast, the assumption that the growth rate of GDP and the share of the ICT sector in GDP correlates with the development of the digital economy and information society has not been confirmed.

Analisis Segitiga Cinta Pada Tokoh Timur Dalam Cerpen Harapan Karya Fiersa Besari: Kajian Psikologi Sternberg

This research began with the love relationship in the short story Harapan in the book 11:11 by Fiersa Besari. This love relationship originates from the figures of Timur and the sun. Starting from a love relationship, the problem arises of finding answers to questions regarding the components of love in that relationship. The aim of this research is to determine the form of love for 'Eastern' characters in literary works. The work taken is in the short story genre entitled Hope by Fiersa Besari. The problem in this research is how their relationship is in establishing interpersonal relationships in the short story. The method used is a descriptive qualitative research method, while the data used is note-taking using Sternberg's psychological approach regarding the Tringular theory of love. The research results obtained show that Timur and Mentari stores have components of intimacy and commitment. The research results show that the love relationship between Timur and Mentari is affective love.

“I will try anything” the experience of working age stroke survivors living with chronic post-stroke pain: an interpretative phenomenological analysis

Purpose To investigate the experience of working age adults living with chronic post-stroke pain in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight working age (46–64 years) UK-based stroke survivors who experience chronic post-stroke pain (≥3 months). The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results The analysis led to three Group Experiential Themes: “The Solitude of the Pain Experience,” “Unsatisfactory Healthcare and the Need for Self-Care” and “The Development of Pain Acceptance.” Findings suggest that individuals see their post-stroke pain as an invisible disability, which is overlooked and misunderstood by others. Furthermore, in the absence of a differential post-stroke pain diagnosis, clear, accurate information and alternatives to pharmacological treatments, individuals with post-stroke pain invest their own resources in finding answers and a way to live with the pain. Conclusions The findings suggest the need for further education on post-stroke pain for healthcare professionals, the consideration of pain in post-stroke assessments, the need for clear differential pain diagnoses and the provision of accurate information to patients. Research is needed to establish non-pharmacological evidence-based treatment approaches, such as pain management programmes, peer support and psychological interventions.

OEQA: Knowledge- and Intention-Driven Intelligent Ocean Engineering Question-Answering Framework

The constantly updating big data in the ocean engineering domain has challenged the traditional manner of manually extracting knowledge, thereby underscoring the current absence of a knowledge graph framework in such a special field. This paper proposes a knowledge graph framework to fill the gap in the knowledge management application of the ocean engineering field. Subsequently, we propose an intelligent question-answering framework named OEQA based on an ocean engineering-oriented knowledge graph. Firstly, we define the ontology of ocean engineering and adopt a top-down approach to construct a knowledge graph. Secondly, we collect and analyze the data from databases, websites, and textual reports. Based on these collected data, we implement named entity recognition on the unstructured data and extract corresponding relations between entities. Thirdly, we propose an intent-recognizing-based user question classification method, and according to the classification result, construct and fill corresponding query templates by keyword matching. Finally, we use T5-Pegasus to generate natural answers based on the answer entities queried from the knowledge graph. Experimental results show that the accuracy in finding answers is 89.6%. OEQA achieves in the natural answer generation in the ocean engineering domain significant improvements in relevance (1.0912%), accuracy (4.2817%), and practicability (3.1071%) in comparison to ChatGPT.

«Where is the war between you...?»: contextual reading and update James 4:1-3

The divinely inspired text of the Holy Scriptures is an authentic source for a Christian in learning about his own identity and finding answers, recommendations and solutions to difficult life problems and situations. The situation of war in which Ukraine found itself as a result of the military invasion of Russia on February 24, 2022 is no exception. The sacred text, which historically related to the life of the first Christian communities, does not cease to be a paradigm for Christians of the XXI century. Text of Jas. 4:1-3 clearly speaks about the reasons that motivated the military aggressor on February 24, 2022: it is envy, the desire to possess, murder, etc. However, the text does not stop there, since the actualization of Jas. 4:1-3 within the entire text section of Jas. 3:1 – 4:12, sheds light both on the prerequisites of military aggression and provides clear recommendations for the enemy to stop this devilish shawl and the killing of Ukrainians.

DESIGN THINKING IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG GRADUATES IN THE PALESTINIAN MARKET

This paper investigates the issue of graduate unemployment in the Palestinian market and advocates the use of design thinking as a creative method to finding answers. The report emphasizes graduates' continually high unemployment rates and the difficulties they experience in obtaining suitable work. The researchers want to solve this issue and produce practical and context-appropriate solutions by employing design thinking methodology. The article explores the stages of design thinking and their application to complicated issue solving. The study issue is concerned with how design thinking might be utilized to combat graduate unemployment in Palestine. The study's relevance stems from its ability to provide a unique strategy to addressing this issue and contribute to the knowledge and practice of problem-solving in the Palestinian market. The study incorporates a descriptive experimental technique as well as a variety of data gathering methods such as observation, interviews, and workshops. The findings highlight the significance of each step of design thinking and its ability to develop innovative solutions. According to the findings, design thinking may lead to new and effective solutions to unemployment and boost employability. The article finishes with proposals such as matching university majors to labor market demands, building an alumni database, including the government in job creation, and assuring equitable employment practices. To address the difficulties of graduate unemployment in Palestine, it is also proposed to improve educational programs, strengthen university-industry partnership, and develop complete solutions.

The Effectiveness of Creative Problem Solving Through Concrete Media Towards Creative Thinking Skill of the Fourth Grade Students at SDN 1 Kaliombo

The process of learning mathematics only focuses on understanding students but have not been able to develop their creative way of thinking. Students do not have the opportunity to explore answers or ways that are different from what the teacher teaches, so students cannot be creative in finding answers. The application of the creative problem solving learning model and concrete media in the form of nets of cubes and blocks is one solution to this problem. The purpose of this research is to find out: the difference in the average value of creative thinking skills after using the creative problem solving model and concrete media for fourth-grade students at SDN 1 Kaliombo. The experimental approach used in this research is the Pre-Experimental Design model in the form of a Pretest-Posttest Group Design. This study used fourth-grade students at SDN 1 Kaliombo as subjects, taking samples using total sampling or census. The research data was obtained from a statistical analysis of the t-test in the form of a Paired Sample t-Test. This study shows that: there is a difference in the average value before and after using the creative problem solving model and concrete media with a significance of 0.000 <0.025. Therefore, the CPS model assisted by concrete media can be said to have an effect on students' creative thinking abilities.

TRAINING OF ARCHITECTS AT THE DEPARTMENT OF LANDSCAPE AND TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL ARCHITECTURE UNDER MARTIAL LAW

This article, as well as the two previous ones for 2021 and 2022, highlights the topics of bachelor's and master's theses completed at the Department of Landscape and Tourism and Recreation Architecture. The choice of topics for diploma projects is related to the extremely difficult period in the country and is aimed at finding answers to mostly social issues. The state of society during the war and what it will be like after the victory, how the demographic composition of the population will change, what will be most needed to be done in the first place, how young professionals are aware of the complexity of professional tasks in the future. A society that will be divided into many types according to the requirements for the space in which it will live, work, rest, etc. And this main task seems to us to have been successfully completed, because in all the projects, the main focus was on the person of a free and independent Ukraine, regardless of age, status, education, or profession. A person who is a small part of the society where they live, rest, work, respect history, appreciate nature, love others, care for others, and value everything they have inherited.
 Such works are the hallmark of the department, because all the life processes of the space in which a person lives will be created tomorrow by these graduates, and their teachers will continue to teach the next ones. And the department's theme will always be based on the search for concepts of combining history, nature and man - to remember, preserve, respect. In their works, the students respected the recreation of the disturbed symbiosis of architecture and nature. Preserving the natural resource as the main one for architectural creativity, trying not to repeat, but to try to understand natural creativity and variety of forms, so that a person can get maximum pleasure from being in such an environment without feeling like an alien element.
 The testing of the topic of socialisation of social processes has shown the importance and necessity of this approach - man, nature, architecture.