Final Temperature Research Articles

Enhancing machine learning thermobarometry for clinopyroxene-bearing magmas

In this study, we proposed a general workflow that aims to enhance the ML-based geothermobarometer modelling. Our workflow focuses on three key areas. Firstly, we developed a robust pre-processing pipeline that addresses data imbalance, feature engineering, and data augmentation. Secondly, we assessed modelling errors using a Monte Carlo approach to quantify the impact of analytical uncertainties on the final pressure and temperature estimates. Thirdly, we implemented a robust strategy to validate and test the ML models to avoid over- and under-fitting issues while correcting biases associated with the application of specific ML models (i.e., tree-based ensembles).To facilitate the use of our workflow, we have developed a web app (https://bit.ly/ml-pt-web) and a Python module (https://bit.ly/ml-pt-py). The robustness of this strategy has been tested on two calibrations: clinopyroxene (cpx) and clinopyroxene-liquid (cpx-liq). Our results show a significant reduction in errors compared to the baseline model, as well as good generalization ability on an independent external dataset. The Root Mean Squared Errors are 57 °C and 2.5 kbar for the cpx calibration, and 36 °C and 2.1 kbar for the cpx-liq calibration. Finally, our models show improved outcomes on the external dataset compared to existing ML and classical cpx and cpx-liq thermobarometers.

A perspective to efficient synthesis of zirconium carbide via novel pyro-vacuum method: lower temperatures and enhanced purity

The use of ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) as a novel additive in the refractory industry is becoming increasingly popular. However, the synthesis of such materials is associated with some commercial obstacles, mainly high-temperature synthesis methods. In the present study, the pyro-vacuum method is presented as a new method to decrease the final product's synthesis temperature and oxygen content. Some thermodynamic aspects and phase evolution of the materials during the synthesis procedure are described for the synthesis of non-oxide material. Conclusively, it seems that by applying vacuum conditions, the final UHTC phases can be synthesized at significantly lower temperatures (>400 °C lower, for ZrC), if adequate powder mixtures are considered. Also due to phase analysis, it was found that the oxygen content of the final phase is lower than the conventional routes and other references. The process provides promising prospects for the economic synthesis of UHTCs.

Analytical model development for vertical medium/deep ground heat exchangers with U-tube(s)

The U-shaped ground heat exchanger (UGHE) offers an effective solution for building heating and cooling purposes. In the practical applications of vertical UGHEs, the borehole wall temperature varies along the borehole depth due to the uneven initial ground temperature and transient heat transfer process. The assumption of a uniform temperature along the borehole wall in the existing quasi-3D model of UGHE causes a non-negligible error in the calculation of fluid temperature, especially for the cases of shallow-medium boreholes. Thus, two new analytical models are established to calculate the fluid temperatures for the single U-shaped GHE (1-UGHE) and double U-shaped GHE (2-UGHE), considering the depth-dependent borehole wall temperatures. The convolution theorem is employed to solve the mathematical problem of the nonlinear condition on the borehole wall, and the Laplace transformation is used for getting the final temperature expressions. The new analytical models are compared and verified by the on-site experiments. The results show that the two models exhibit promising prediction accuracies and similar variation trends in fluid temperatures. Then, parametrical and economical analyses for 1−/2- UGHEs have been carried out. Finally, the geographical thermal potentials of 1−/2- UGHEs across China have been comparatively investigated and the corresponding thermal map-based application potential recommendations have been given.

Disruption runaway electron generation and mitigation in the Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP)

Abstract Generation of Runaway Electrons (REs) during plasma disruptions is of great concern for ITER and future reactors based on the tokamak concept. The current STEP (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production) concept design features a plasma current higher than 20 MA, thus expected to be in a regime of very high avalanche multiplication. This is confirmed by modelling runaway electron generation in unmitigated disruptions using the code DREAM, with hot-tail generation found to be the dominant primary generation mechanism and avalanche confirmed to be extremely high. Varying assumptions for the prescribed thermal quench phase (duration, final electron temperature) as well as the wall time, the plasma-wall distance, and shaping effects, all STEP unmitigated disruptions are found to generate large runaway electron beams (from 10 MA up to full conversion). The possibility of RE avoidance is first studied by idealized, i.e. radially uniform, impurity injection of a mixture of argon and deuterium, with ad-hoc particle transport arising from the stochasticity of the magnetic field during the thermal quench (TQ). Unfortunately, no such injection scenario allows runaways to be avoided while respecting the other constraints of disruption mitigation. STEP disruption mitigation system (DMS) has then been tested with DREAM, by modelling 2-stage Shattered Pellet Injections consisting of pure D2 followed by Ar+D2. Such a scheme is found to reduce the generation of REs by the hot-tail mechanism, reducing the final RE current to about 13 MA, but isn't sufficient by itself. Options for mitigating such a RE beam (benign termination scheme), as well as estimations of required RE losses during the current quench (from a potential passive RE mitigation coil) will also be briefly discussed.

Extraction and characterization of novel Prosopis Juliflora bark and Boehmeria nivea fibre for use as reinforcement in the hybrid composites with the effect of curing temperature, fibre length and weight percentages

The hybrid composite sample based on Prosopis Juliflora (PJ) bark and ramie fibre with different length, weight percentage, and curing temperature were created for the first time in this work. Totally, 120 hybrid composite samples were tested in this study. There were five different fibre lengths: 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm, weight percentages 10 %, 20 %, 30 %, 40 %, and 50 %, and different curing temperatures 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, and 120 °C used to produce the hybrid composite samples. Due to the cross-linking ability with the epoxy matrix, the hybrid composite specimen shows high resistance up to 98 Shore D hardness. The high polarity of the epoxy matrix and the hydrogen bond strengthening effect, increased the composite sample flexural strength by 12 %. The curing temperature of 100 °C, 20 mm fibre length, and 30 % of the hybrid composite sample achieved the highest tensile strength (28.76 MPa), flexural strength (46.54 MPa), impact strength (4.5 J), and hardness strength properties (98 shore D). Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the composite samples initial decomposition temperature (Ti) at 98 °C, maximum decomposition temperature (Tmax) at 320 °C, and the final decomposition temperature (Tf) at 466 °C.

Experimental and numerical performance analysis of an active cooling wall module equipped with micro-encapsulated phase change material

The application of phase change materials (PCMs) combined with radiant cooling systems (RCS) in the building sector has attracted enormous interest in recent years owing to its thermal storage potential and feasibility for small-scale energy renovation of existing buildings. Different configurations of these systems and their performance have been experimentally tested and academically investigated. The present study experimentally tested a newly conceived PCM-equipped modular cooling wall and evaluated the impact on thermal performance under different feed water temperatures and PCM concentrations using numerical methods. From the parametric study, we found that the feed water temperature, in comparison to the PCM concentration, is the dominant factor influencing cooling power and the final radiant surface temperature of the wall module. During charging, these two factors impact the time constant τ95 much more than τ63. Comparing the time required for the wall surface to reach the set reference temperature of 23 C∘ during discharging, it takes 2.37 times longer in the 30% PCM scenario than in the scenario without PCM when the feed water temperature is 5 C∘. If the feed water temperature increases to 10 and 15 C∘, this factor changes to 1.88 and 0.59, respectively. Taken together, the results were intended to optimize the design and definition of the PCM-RCS configuration for various usage scenarios.

Bael (Aegle marmelos) beverage pasteurization by non-isothermal heating with continuous microwave to achieve microbial safety

The efficacy of conventional thermal (batch) and continuous microwave (MW) heating to pasteurize bael beverage was examined by inactivating Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, their cocktail, and native microbial groups. Continuous-MW was operated at 2 kW power and 45–80 °C final temperature. For 25–90 °C beverage temperature, the fluid followed a laminar flow. Data were appropriately modelled using first-order kinetics. MW-heating effectively inactivated all microorganisms. S. cerevisiae was most resistant towards thermal inactivation under single (D70 °C = 0.03 min) and cocktail scenario (D80 °C = 0.014 min) and towards MW under cocktail scenario (DMW_67.5 °C = 0.23 min). The resistance towards temperature rise was highest by L. monocytogenes. Based on lower zMW-values, the thermal sensitivity of microbes improved under MW heating. Morphological alteration in microbial cells of S. cerevisiae &L. monocytogens reveals that the lethality of MW inactivation is mainly based on its thermal effects. Industrial relevanceBael fruit is a nutritious tropical fruit whose beverage is relished by consumers for its refreshing flavour and numerous health benefits. The food sector is presently concentrating on creating innovative, minimally processed goods that are ready-to-eat or handy, shelf-stable, and of higher quality. As an alternative to conventional thermal processing, several novel and sustainable processing methods are now being investigated. To determine if microwave processing is a suitable substitute for thermal processing, the inactivation of artificially inoculated microorganisms, their cocktail, and indigenous microorganisms in the bael beverage were examined in this work. Kinetic study, beverage rheology and changes in cell morphology were also studied. The study's findings indicate that continuous microwave technology can be a more suitable method of pasteurizing fruit beverages than conventional heating due to its >7 log reduction in a shorter time. Except for a few differences, the inactivation mechanisms of thermal and microwave are comparable.

Machine learning framework for high-resolution air temperature downscaling using LiDAR-derived urban morphological features

Climate models lack the necessary resolution for urban climate studies, requiring computationally intensive processes to estimate high resolution air temperatures. In contrast, Data-driven approaches offer faster and more accurate air temperature downscaling. This study presents a data-driven framework for downscaling air temperature using publicly available outputs from urban climate models, specifically datasets generated by UrbClim. The proposed framework utilized morphological features extracted from LiDAR data. To extract urban morphological features, first a three-dimensional building model was created using LiDAR data and deep learning models. Then, these features were integrated with meteorological parameters such as wind, humidity, etc., to downscale air temperature using machine learning algorithms. The results demonstrated that the developed framework effectively extracted urban morphological features from LiDAR data. Deep learning algorithms played a crucial role in generating three-dimensional models for extracting the aforementioned features. Also, the evaluation of air temperature downscaling results using various machine learning models indicated that the LightGBM model had the best performance with an RMSE of 0.352 °K and MAE of 0.215 °K. Furthermore, the examination of final air temperature maps derived from downscaling showed that the developed framework successfully estimated air temperatures at higher resolutions, enabling the identification of local air temperature patterns at street level. The corresponding source codes are available on GitHub: https://github.com/FatemehCh97/Air-Temperature-Downscaling.

Assessment of transient thermal stresses in gasketed plate heat exchangers

Thermal and mechanical stresses in stainless steel 316 L plates of gasketed plate heat exchangers (GPHEs) have been assessed with the aid of experiments. Stresses were indirectly determined with the aid of extensometers in critical plate areas. To the best of our knowledge, no experimental analysis of transient thermal loads on GPHE plates has been reported before. Experiments occurred with sudden and gradual heating processes with the aid of strain gauges. The former process implies that hot fluid enters the GPHE branch with the final target temperature, while the latter indicates that the hot fluid is progressively heated to the target temperature. Furthermore, combined mechanical and thermal stresses resulting from in-phase and out-of-phase loads are assessed in single and double operating conditions. Experiments were carried out with two plate thicknesses (0.5 and 0.7 mm). Stresses as obtained from experiments were compared to those provided by models containing simplified geometries and boundary conditions. Mechanical stresses promoted by the pressure difference between GPHE branches mostly affected the distribution area in single configuration. Thermal stresses at the porthole were higher than the ones found at the distribution zones, particularly for thicker plates. Besides, thermal stresses increased in double operation. Sudden heating processes with the system at rest promoted thermal peaking stress in a timescale of seconds, while the timescale to reach peak values by gradually heating the hot fluid is in the order of minutes. The most critical condition would be achieved at the porthole with in-phase loads and in double operation for the given settings.

Demonstration of SiC-on-Insulator Substrate with Smart Cut™ Technology for Photonic Applications

Silicon-carbide-on-insulator (SiCOI) is a promising platform for photonic integrated circuits. However, the development of this new photonic platform is hindered by the lack of high-quality commercial SiC-on-insulator substrates. In this study, we present a demonstration of the transfer of a single crystalline semi-insulating 4H-SiC thin film on a SiO2 insulated substrate at 150 mm wafer scale using the Smart Cut™ technology. We describe the development of SiCOI substrates and their characterization at each key step of the process. In particular, we provide a detailed study of bow compensation related to the implanted SiC donor substrate. The quality of the transferred SiC layer was investigated as a function of the final annealing temperature applied. The optical indices of the bulk SiC were measured using spectroscopic ellipsometry, and an advanced model has been used to take into account the strong birefringence of the silicon carbide film. Finally, simulations were conducted to design a preliminary set of basic and advanced photonic devices.

Performance analysis of an Active Magnetic Regenerative system using Al2O3 nanofluids

This study investigates the utilization of Al2O3 nanofluids in an Active Magnetic Regenerative (AMR) system, focusing on varying nanoparticle concentrations from 0.01 to 1.0%. Numerical modelling is used to analyze the effects of nanoparticle incorporation on system efficiency and cooling performance. Al2O3 nanoparticles are found to significantly increase the thermal conductivity, density, and viscosity of the base fluid while reducing specific heat capacity. Comparative analysis reveals that Al2O3 nanofluids outperform pure water in terms of cooling performance, achieving a lower final temperature and a higher temperature span after 60 min of operation. Moreover, the study highlights that cooling capacity and pumping work increase with higher nanoparticle concentrations, with a notable improvement of 64.95% in cooling capacity and 39.31% in pumping work for the 1.0% Al2O3 nanofluid compared to water. The Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the AMR system peaks at an optimal nanoparticle concentration of 0.2%, reaching 3.88, before declining due to increased pumping power requirements.

Hydrothermal extraction of ulvans from Ulva spp. in a biorefinery approach

A simple cascade process based on the hydrothermal fractionation of Ulva spp. biomass was proposed. Considering the overall extraction yields (50 %), ulvan recovery (23 %), and ulvan composition, structural, mechanical and cytotoxic properties, the selected optimal final heating temperature was 160 °C. Ethanol precipitation provided the highest ulvan recovery yields but choline chloride precipitated ulvans showed stronger mechanical properties, G´ moduli 1.5·104 Pa and 3·104 Pa for ethanol and for choline chloride, respectively. Both products were safe on NCTC 929 mouse fibroblasts and after a cooling stage, formed films without requiring any additives. From the ulvan-free liquid fraction, one product with 43 % (wt, d.b.) phenolics and moderate antiradical properties and a byproduct containing nutrients and minerals were separated. The methane potential of the corresponding residual solids was influenced by the hydrothermal heating temperature and was doubled compared to than for the untreated seaweed biomass (60 mL/g VS). This scheme could be also applied to the wet algal biomass, in a chemical free alternative to provide ready to use ulvan biopolymers, bioactives, nutrients, salts and biogas, conforming a biorefinery approach.

Isoconversional Analysis of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of ABS, HIPS, PC and Their Blends with PP and PVC.

Thermochemical recycling of plastics in the presence of catalysts is often employed to facilitate the degradation of polymers. The choice of the catalyst is polymer-oriented, while its selection becomes more difficult in the case of polymeric blends. The present investigation studies the catalytic pyrolysis of polymers abundant in waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE), including poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and poly(bisphenol-A carbonate) (PC), along with their blends with polypropylene (PP) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The aim is to study the kinetic mechanism and estimate the catalysts' effect on the activation energy of the degradation. The chosen catalysts were Fe2O3 for ABS, Al-MCM-41 for HIPS, Al2O3 for PC, CaO for Blend A (comprising ABS, HIPS, PC and PP) and silicalite for Blend B (comprising ABS, HIPS, PC, PP and PVC). Thermogravimetric experiments were performed in a N2 atmosphere at several heating rates. Information on the degradation mechanism (degradation steps, initial and final degradation temperature, etc.) was attained. It was found that for pure (co)polymers, the catalytic degradation occurred in one-step, whereas in the case of the blends, two steps were required. For the estimation of the activation energy of those degradations, isoconversional kinetic models (integral and differential) were employed. In all cases, the catalysts used were efficient in reducing the estimated Eα, compared to the values of Eα obtained from conventional pyrolysis.

A Method for Predicting High-Resolution 3D Variations in Temperature and Salinity Fields Using Multi-Source Ocean Data

High-resolution three-dimensional (3D) variations in ocean temperature and salinity fields are of great significance for ocean environment monitoring. Currently, AI-based 3D temperature and salinity field predictions rely on expensive 3D data, and as the prediction period increases, the stacking of high-resolution 3D data greatly increases the difficulty of model training. This paper transforms the prediction of 3D temperature and salinity into the prediction of sea surface elements and the inversion of subsurface temperature and salinity using sea surface elements, by leveraging the relationship between sea surface factors and subsurface temperature and salinity. This method comprehensively utilizes multi-source ocean data to avoid the issue of data volume caused by stacking high-resolution historical data. Specifically, the model first utilizes 1/4° low-resolution satellite remote sensing data to construct prediction models for sea surface temperature (SST) and sea level anomaly (SLA), and then uses 1/12° high-resolution temperature and salinity data as labels to build an inversion model of subsurface temperature and salinity based on SST and SLA. The prediction model and inversion model are integrated to obtain the final high-resolution 3D temperature and salinity prediction model. Experimental results show that the 20-day prediction results in the two sea areas of the coastal waters of China and the Northwest Pacific show good performance, accurately predicting ocean temperature and salinity in the vast majority of layers, and demonstrate higher resource utilization efficiency.

Comparative Study of Heat Transfer Simulation and Effects of Different Scrap Steel Preheating Methods

The materials charged into a converter comprise molten iron and scrap steel. Adjusting the ratio by increasing scrap steel and decreasing molten iron is a steelmaking raw material strategy designed specifically for China’s unique circumstances, with the goal of lowering carbon emissions. To maintain the converter tapping temperature, scrap must be preheated to provide additional heat. Current scrap preheating predominantly utilizes horizontal tunnel furnaces, resulting in high energy consumption and low efficiency. To address these issues, a three-stage shaft furnace for scrap preheating was designed, and Fluent software was used to compare and study the preheating efficiency of the new three-stage furnace against the traditional horizontal furnace under various operational conditions. Initially, a three-dimensional transient multi-field coupling model was developed for two scrap preheating scenarios, examining the effects of both furnaces on scrap surface and core temperatures across varying preheating durations and gas velocities. Simulation results indicate that, under identical gas heat consumption conditions, scrap achieves markedly higher final temperatures in the shaft furnace compared to the horizontal furnace, with scrap surface and core temperatures increasing notably with extended preheating times and higher gas velocities, albeit with a gradual decrease in heating rate as the scrap temperature rises. At a gas velocity of 9 m/s and a preheating time of 600 s, the shaft furnace achieves the highest waste heat utilization rate for scrap, with scrap averaging 325 °C higher than in the horizontal furnace, absorbing an additional 202 MJ of heat per ton. In the horizontal preheating furnace, scrap steel exhibits a heat absorption efficiency of 35%, whereas in the vertical furnace, this efficiency increases notably to 63%. In the vertical furnace, the waste heat recovery rate of scrap steel reaches 57%.

Impact of rendering cover on thermal behavior of graphite-enhanced expanded polystyrene exposed to external radiation

This study explores the thermal behavior of graphite-enhanced expanded polystyrene (GEPS) both with and without a rendering cover during cone calorimeter testing. We designed a sample holder with inserted thermocouples to capture temperature variations at different levels. Without a cover, the sample remained unignited under radiant intensity of 25 kW m−2, experiencing a brief temperature rise followed by stabilization. At 50 kW m−2, ignition occurred after a period of steady temperature. However, at 75 kW m−2, the temperature soared rapidly without a stable phase, leading to swift ignition. With a cover, the temperatures for all tested scenarios ultimately stabilized without ignition, even though the recorded values exceeded the ignition point under high heat fluxes. This indicates that the protective mechanism of render lies mainly in isolating mass transfer. Increasing the render's thickness from 3 mm to 5 mm delayed and slowed the initial temperature rise but had little impact on the final steady temperatures. Based on the energy conservation principles, a steady temperature prediction model for liquified GEPS and rendering cover was established. Notably, the calculated outcomes closely align with the measured temperatures. These findings provide valuable insights into the fire safety characteristics of GEPS and the protective effects of rendering covers.

Smith GA-PID feedback control of hot strip final rolling temperature

Abstract At present, the hot strip finishing temperature control system generally adopts a computer model or mechanism model to predict the strip’s final rolling temperature, which is open-loop control. To realize the precise control of the final rolling temperature of high-performance steel, this paper introduces the PID feedback control strategy at the end of the finishing zone, to realize the high-precision temperature control of the strip steel. The Smith compensator is used to predict the compensation for the large hysteresis problem of the final rolling temperature, and various intelligent algorithms are used to optimize the three parameters of the PID controller, eliminate the nonlinear problem, and obtain better dynamic performance. After the experiment, it is concluded that the Smith GA-PID optimization control strategy system has a small overshoot, the peak time and regulation time are the shortest, and the dynamic response is the fastest. Compared with the traditional PID control method, the overshoot is reduced by 97.6%, and the required regulation time is reduced by 7.85 s.

Experimental Study on Preparation of Inorganic Fibers from Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers Ash.

The ash generated by Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers is featured by its looseness and porosity, low content of glassy substances, and high contents of calcium (Ca) and sulfur (S), thus resulting in a low comprehensive utilization rate. Currently, the predominant treatment approach for CFB ash and slag is stacking, which may give rise to issues like environmental pollution. In this paper, CFB ash (with a CaO content of 7.64% and an SO3 content of 1.77%) was used as the main raw material. The high-temperature melting characteristics, viscosity-temperature characteristics, and initial crystallization temperature of samples with different acidity coefficients were investigated. The final drawing temperature range of the samples was determined, and mechanical property tests were conducted on the prepared inorganic fibers. The results show that the addition of dolomite powder has a significant reducing effect on the complete liquid phase temperature. The final drawing temperatures of the samples with different acidity coefficients range as follows: 1270-1318 °C; 1272-1351 °C; 1250-1372 °C; 1280-1380 °C; 1300-1382 °C; and 1310-1384 °C. The drawing temperature of this system is slightly lower than that of basalt fibers. Based on the test results of the mechanical properties of inorganic fibers, the Young's modulus of the inorganic fibers prepared through the experiment lies between 55 GPa and 74 GPa, which basically meets the performance requirements of inorganic fibers. Consequently, the method of preparing inorganic fibers by using CFB ash and dolomite powder is entirely feasible.

Premixing degree-dependent reaction mechanisms of premixed Ni/Al nanolaminates under shock loading

Understanding the intermetallic reaction is critical for reactive metal systems, among which Ni/Al nanolaminates have attracted extensive interest. A long-standing open question is how nanostructure such as premixed interlayer affects the reaction process. Here, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the effects of premixing degree on the shock-induced reaction mechanisms and reactivity for premixed Ni/Al nanolaminates. The multiple exothermic processes are identified, namely, the Ni–Al mixing driven by diffusion, the B2-NiAl crystallization in premixed interlayer, and the grain coarsening driven by grain boundary migration. Intriguingly, it is found that the specific exothermic processes depend strongly on the premixing degree. As the premixing degree increases, the B2-NiAl crystallization and the grain coarsening appear sequentially. The maximum crystallinity and grain size increase linearly and exponentially with premixing degree, respectively. Furthermore, inspired by the differences in exothermic processes, the intrinsic mechanism for the weakening effects of premixed interlayer on reactivity is elucidated. The B2-NiAl crystallization in premixed interlayer decreases the reaction heat and further the final adiabatic temperature, while the appearance of grain coarsening produces additional heat and alleviates the weakening effect. These findings can provide valuable insights into the nanostructure–reactivity relationship for reactive intermetallic materials.

Neonatal α-Ketoglutaric Acid Gavage May Potentially Alleviate Acute Heat Stress by Modulating Hepatic Heat Shock Protein 90 and Improving Blood Antioxidant Status of Broilers.

This study investigated the effect of neonatal α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) gavage feeding on broilers. The first experiment was conducted to determine the effect of AKG on day-old broilers. A total of seventy-two-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided into four treatment groups: (i) Two groups of chicks with gavage feeding of 0.6 mL of distilled water (DDW) for four consecutive days (CON); (ii) chicks fed with 0.6 mL of 0.1% AKG dissolved in DDW on the day of hatch (AL) followed by 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4% for three consecutive days; and (iii) chicks fed with 0.6 mL of 0.2% AKG dissolved in DDW on the day of hatch (AH) followed by 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for three consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the first gavage feeding, six birds per treatment were slaughtered to study the organ development. Chicks fed with AKG showed higher absolute (p = 0.015) and relative (p = 0.037) weights of the gizzard. The AH group had higher absolute (p = 0.012) and relative (p = 0.035) heart weights. The second experiment was carried out to determine the effect of AKG on 15-day-old broilers under acute heat stress (AHS) for 3.5 h at 33 ± 1 °C. Forty-eight birds (12 per treatment) were raised until 15 days of age, divided into four treatments with equal numbers (n = 12), and given one of the following four treatments: (i) CON group reared at standard temperature (25 ± 1 °C) (CON-NT); (ii) CON group subjected to AHS (33 ± 1 °C) for 3.5 h (CON-HT); (iii) AL group subjected to AHS (33 ± 1 °C) for 3.5 h (AL-HT); and (iv) AH group subjected to AHS (33 ± 1 °C) for 3.5 h (AH-HT). There was a significant reduction in the change in BW (ΔBW, p = 0.005), an increase in the final rectal temperature (RTf) (p = 0.001), and a decreased final body weight (BWf) for all the treatments under AHS. Further, AHS led to an increased expression of hepatic heat shock protein (HSP)70 (p = 0.009), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen oxidase (NOX)1 (p = 0.006), and NOX4 (p = 0.001), while nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) remained significantly unaffected. Hepatic expression of HSP90 decreased in the AL-HT treatment as compared to CON-HT (p = 0.008). Plasma antioxidant status measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and antioxidant balance (AB) improved linearly (p = 0.001) as the concentration of AKG increased. Neonatal gavage feeding of AKG could potentially alleviate heat stress in broilers by enhancing plasma antioxidant levels and modulating HSP90 expression in the liver.