Final Print Research Articles

Polaroid into digital: Technology, cultural form, and the social practices of snapshot photography

This essay is part of a larger project on the cultural history of Polaroid photography and draws on research carried out at the Polaroid corporate archive at Harvard and at the Polaroid company itself in Waltham and Concord, Massachusetts. It sets out to make an addition to the understanding of the new social practices generated by digital photography, but does so by examining an old technology rendered obsolete by the new. It outlines the recent history and decline of Polaroid and identifies the specific properties of the Polaroid image: its speed of appearance, its elimination of the darkroom, and the singularity of the final print. It then addresses the significance of the affinities and differences between the old and new ‘instant’ photographies, particularly in terms of the snapshot practices that they encourage.

Time Controlled Protein Release from Layer‐by‐Layer Assembled Multilayer Functionalized Agarose Hydrogels

DOI: 10.1002/adfm.200901172 In the final print version of this manuscript, Figure 2 was produced incorrectly, resulting in a loss of fidelity in the microscopy images. The corrected image can be found below. The editorial office apologises for any inconvenience caused by this error.

Corrections to “Transforming Traditional Iris Recognition Systems to Work in Nonideal Situations” [Aug 09 3203-3213

The authors of the above titled paper (ibid., vol 56, no. 8, pp. 3203-3213, Aug. 09) point out that the credits for Figs. 14 and 17 were missing in the final print version. These two figures were edited from the figures in another paper (see ref. [2]) and used to introduce the background of the Multimodal Biometrics Grand Challenge organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Editorial: New Leadership for Ethology

Editorial: New Leadership for <i>Ethology</i>

A review of modified surfaces for high speed inkjet coating

There are many interaction phenomena occurring between inks and the printed surface during the inkjet ink setting and drying process on coated papers. First, the ink wets the surface and then absorption into the capillary network occurs. After milliseconds, the colourant and solvent/diluent parts of the ink separate. Wetting of the coating surface, and the interior of the capillary network, depends on the relative surface energies of the components being brought into contact, and their interaction may include selective adsorption. Additionally, diffusion phenomena occur a few seconds after the ink arrives at the surface, which may be vapour dependent or liquid–liquid and liquid–solute concentration dependent. The final ink drying and polymerization can last for hours. The interactions have a direct connection to the final print quality. The most important properties of the coated surface are the porous structure parameters – pore size, amount and the network they form – and the chemical nature. In the beginning, at the first contact of the ink with the surface, the chemical properties of the coating layer and the ink dominate. As the mobile ink components penetrate deeper into the coating structure, the pore structure becomes more important. In some cases, depending on the nature of the binder (water soluble and/or emulsion polymer-based), the ink diluent or solvent may enter the intermolecular structure of the binder of the coating layer by diffusion, and the binder often swells as a result. A more hydrophilic binder in contact with water-based ink swells more than the one that is less hydrophilic. The most important control parameters in designing inkjet print surfaces, from the point of view of ink spreading and penetration, are the porosity, permeability, thickness/bulk, sizing (hydrophobizing), moisture content, temperature, and capillary structure of paper. Depending on whether an ink is dye-based or pigment-based, a main aspect that affects the print quality is the distribution and permanence of the colourant. The aim, in the inkjet ink setting process, apart from providing a dried ink surface, is to fix the colourant part of ink at or in the uppermost layer of the coating whilst allowing the diluent/solvent part of ink to penetrate deeper into the structure. Proper colourant fixation produces high optical print density, bright colour tones, high sharpness, low bleeding, low print-through, and high rub and wet resistance.

Corrections to “Continuous Adaptation Enhancement in Linear Regression Algorithm for Clock Recovery in IPTV Environment” [Jun 09 485-490

In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 55, no. 2, pt. 2, pp. 485-490, Jun. 09), due to a production error, the captions for Figs. 3-5 were placed incorrectly prior to final printing. The correct figures and their corresponding captions are presented here.

Writing your journal article in 12 weeks: a guide to academic publishing success

Acknowledgments Introduction: Using This Workbook Goals of the workbook. History of the workbook. Philosophy of the workbook. Pedagogy of the workbook. General instructions. Using the workbook according to your temperament, discipline, or career stage. Using the workbook by yourself, with a writing partner, in a writing group, with coauthors, or to teach a class. Feedback to the author. Week 1: Designing Your Plan for Writing Instruction: Understanding feelings about writing. Keys to positive writing experiences. Designing a plan for submitting your article in twelve weeks. Exercises: Selecting a paper for revision. Choosing your writing site. Designing your writing schedule. Anticipating and overturning writing obstacles. Week 2: Starting Your Article Instruction: Types of academic articles. Myths about publishable journal articles. What gets published and why. Abstracts as a tool for success. Getting started on your article revision. Exercises: Hammering out your topic. Rereading your paper. Drafting your abstract. Reading a model article. Revising your abstract. Week 3: Advancing Your Argument Instruction: Common reasons why journals reject articles. Main reason journal articles are rejected: no argument. Making a good argument. Organizing your article around your argument. Exercises: Drafting your argument. Reviewing your article for an argument. Revising your article around your argument. Week 4: Selecting a Journal Instruction: Good news about journals. The importance of picking the right journal. Types of academic journals: nonrecommended, questionable, and preferred. Finding suitable academic journals. Exercises: Searching for journals. Evaluating academic journals. Matching your article to suitable journals. Reading relevant journals. Writing a query letter to editors. Making a final decision about which journal. Week 5: Reviewing the Related Literature Instruction: Reading the scholarly literature. Types of scholarly literature. Strategies for getting reading done. Identifying your relationship to the related literature. Avoiding plagiarism. Writing about others' research. Exercises: Evaluating your current citations. Identifying and reading the related literature. Evaluating the related literature. Writing or revising your related literature review. Week 6: Strengthening Your Structure Instruction: On the importance of structure. Types of structures. Article structures in the social sciences and humanities. Solving structural problems. Revising for structure. Exercises: Outlining a model article. Outlining your article. Restructuring your article. Week 7: Presenting Your Evidence Instruction: Types of evidence. Writing up evidence in the social sciences. Writing up evidence in the humanities. Revising your evidence. Exercises: Discussing evidence in your field. Revisiting your evidence. Shaping your evidence around your argument. Week 8: Opening and Concluding Your Article Instruction: On the importance of openings. Revising your opening and conclusion. Exercises: Revising your title. Revising your introduction. Revisiting your abstract, related literature review, and author order. Revising your conclusion. Week 9: Giving, Getting, and Using Others' Feedback Instruction: Types of feedback. Exchanging your articles. Exercises: Sharing your article and getting feedback. Making a list of remaining tasks. Revising your article according to feedback. Week 10: Editing Your Sentences Instruction: On taking the time. Types of revising. The rules of editing. The Belcher diagnostic test. Editing your article. Exercises: Running the Belcher diagnostic test. Revising your article with the diagnostic test. Correcting other types of problem sentences. Week 11: Wrapping Up Your Article Instruction: On the perils of perfection. Finalizing your article. Exercises: Finalizing your argument, related literature review, introduction, evidence, structure, and conclusion. Week 12: Sending Your Article! Instruction: On the importance of finishing. Getting the submission ready. Exercises: Writing the cover letter. Preparing illustrations. Putting your article into the journal's style. Preparing the final print or electronic version. Send and celebrate! Week X: Responding to Journal Decisions Instruction: An exhortation. Waiting for the journal's decision. Reading the journal's decision. Types of journal decisions. Responding to journal decisions. Exercises: Evaluating and responding to the journal decision. Planning your revision. Revising your article. Drafting your revision cover letter. Requesting permissions. On the importance of persevering. End Notes Works Cited Recommended Reading Index About the Author

Correction to “Content and Service Protection for IPTV”

Due to a production error, an incorrect e-mail address was placed in the author's affiliation prior to final printing. The correct affiliation is provided.

Use of Confocal Microscopy as a Nondestructive Method in the Study of Ink Jet Dot Formation

The formation of the printing ink dot on the substrate is the final and the most critical phase in the printing process. The ink distribution on the printing surface and the drying mechanism depend on ink characteristics as well as on many other factors, for example, surface energy, roughness, sizing, and porosity. Suitable dot gain and high circularity (near unity) of printed dots predict the final print quality. High deviation from ideal circularity could cause undesired phenomena like wicking and bleeding. The aim of the present study is to determine ink dot formation by three different microscopic methods, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The main goal of the authors research was to evaluate the applicability of CLSM as a nondestructive method for three-dimensional visualization in the analysis of ink dot formation on UV ink jet prints. To validate the feasibility of such means in a three-dimensional context, the images obtained are compared to those obtained by traditional two-dimensional imaging systems such as OM and SEM. The authors show that the CLSM produces a replica of the cross-sectioned dot profile as seen in SEM. This means that the CLSM technique can be used to rapidly assess the dot profile without physical sectioning.

Correction

HomeCirculationVol. 117, No. 13Correction Free AccessCorrectionPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessCorrectionPDF/EPUBCorrection Originally published1 Apr 2008https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.189136Circulation. 2008;117:e303This article corrects the followingSignal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 Is Critical for Apoptosis in Macrophages Subjected to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro and in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions In VivoIn the version of the article, “Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 Is Critical for Apoptosis in Macrophages Subjected to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro and in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions In Vivo,” by Lim et al that was posted online on January 28, 2008 (DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.711275), several errors occurred.In the Figure 6 legend, starting 12 lines from the top, the wrong color arrows are indicated. The text should read “ … endothelial cells (green arrows) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the media (blue arrows).”On the same page, left column, ninth line from the top, the callout for Figure 7C should read, “Figure 7C, top middle, asterisk” rather than “Figure 7C, bottom left, asterisk.”In the Figure 7 legend, 9 lines from the top, the sentence should begin, “The lower middle image shows … ” rather than “These lower middle images show ….”In the Figure 8 legend, the wording for panel C was incomplete. It should read, “C, TUNEL (red), DAPI (blue), macrophage (brown), and SMC (brown) staining of lesions similar to those in B.”Also in the Figure 8 legend, the following sentence, currently located toward the end of the legend, should have appeared with the description of panel B: “Total lesion area was 493.7±40.5 and 380.6±24.4 μm2 in Stat1+/+→Ldlr−/− and Stat1−/−→Ldlr−/− mice, respectively.”These errors have been corrected in the current online version and in the final print version of the article in the February 19, 2008, issue of the journal (Circulation. 2008;117:940–951). The authors regret these errors. Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsRelated articlesSignal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-1 Is Critical for Apoptosis in Macrophages Subjected to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In Vitro and in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions In VivoWah-Seng Lim, et al. Circulation. 2008;117:940-951 April 1, 2008Vol 117, Issue 13 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.189136 Originally publishedApril 1, 2008 PDF download Advertisement

Corrections to Video Texture and Motion Based Modeling of Rate Variability-Distortion (VD) Curves

In the above-named article, due to a production oversight, mistakes were introduced prior to final printing. MPEG-4 appeared as -4 throughout, and should have appeared as MPEG-4. In [1, p. 645, Table VI], the caption should have read: COMPARISON OF Jmax ESTIMATES BASED ON PIECEWISE APPROXIMATION (P) WITH 2, 3, AND 4 SAMPLES AND COMBINED MODEL (RRMSE (%) VALUES) FOR PERMITTED LOSS PROBABILITIES OF e = 10-7 AND 10-3. In [1, sec. V, p. 645], the last sentence of the first paragraph should have read: From these considerations, we can already formulate two high-level recommendations for the choice of q1 and q2: (i) there should be a reasonable interval size Δq = q1-q2, and (ii) at least one q should be chosen in the high compression ratio region where the hump is typically situated. In [1, p. 647], -4 should have read as MPEG-4 in references [7], [14], and [15]. In reference [17], -encoded should have read MPEG-encoded. In reference [26], -2 should have read MPEG-2. In reference [28], all-IP? was omitted. In reference [32], -7 should have read MPEG-7. The corrected references [7], [14], [15], [17], [26], [28], and [32] are provided.

Coating Formulations for Digital Printing; Applications of Phase-Change Inks

Hot melt/phase-change inks have gained popularity by imparting high print quality. As hot melt inks differ from other digital and conventional inks in terms of properties and mechanisms of transfer onto a substrate, there is need for developing low cost substrates compatible with these solid inks. As these inks solidify upon contact with the substrate, there is little absorption of the ink into the substrate. Thus, the print quality and associated color gamut are less sensitive to the substrate than that for aqueous ink jet printers.It is well known that the surface properties that influence the print quality vary for different printing processes. Thus, the substrate-ink interactions must be well understood. Some of the important surface properties of a substrate include permeability, porosity, surface energy, roughness, opacity, brightness and gloss. These properties are known to influence final print quality and color gamut. Adhesion of ink on paper also plays a vital role. In addition, economics play a vital role. The paper specially formulated for phase-change inks sells for about 50 &#xA2; per sheet in comparison to 2-5 &#xA2; per sheet for water-based inkjet papers. Thus, there is a need for the development of lower cost substrates compatible with solid inks.

Corrections to CW Gain Characteristics of Linear Optical Amplifiers [Aug 07 714-721

In the above titled paper (ibid., vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 714-721, Aug 07), equation (3) was left out of the final printing. The equation and accompanying text are provided here. Also, in Fig. 4-6, the horizontal position should be in centimeters instead of microns. The corrected figured are presented here.

Corrections to "Video texture and motion based modeling of rate variability-distortion (VD) curves"

In the above-named article, due to a production oversight, mistakes were introduced prior to final printing. "MPEG-4" appeared as "-4" throughout, and should have appeared as "MPEG-4". In [1, p. 645, Table VI], the caption should have read: COMPARISON OF J <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">max</sub> ESTIMATES BASED ON PIECEWISE APPROXIMATION (P) WITH 2, 3, AND 4 SAMPLES AND COMBINED MODEL (RRMSE (%) VALUES) FOR PERMITTED LOSS PROBABILITIES OF ε = 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-7</sup> AND 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-3</sup> . In [1, sec. V, p. 645], the last sentence of the first paragraph should have read: "From these considerations, we can already formulate two high-level recommendations for the choice of q1 and q2: (i) there should be a reasonable interval size Δq = q1-q2, and (ii) at least one q should be chosen in the high compression ratio region where the "hump" is typically situated." In [1, p. 647], "-4" should have read as "MPEG-4" in references [7], [14], and [15]. In reference [17], "-encoded" should have read "MPEG-encoded." In reference [26], "-2" should have read "MPEG-2." In reference [28], "all-IP' was omitted. In reference [32], "-7" should have read "MPEG-7." The corrected references [7], [14], [15], [17], [26], [28], and [32] are provided.

Correction

HomeCirculationVol. 116, No. 6Correction Free AccessCorrectionPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyReddit Jump toFree AccessCorrectionPDF/EPUBCorrection Originally published7 Aug 2007https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.186042Circulation. 2007;116:e136This article corrects the followingBody Mass Index and Prognosis in Patients With Chronic Heart FailureIn the version of the article, “Body Mass Index and Prognosis in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: Insights From the Candesartan in Heart failure: Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) Program,” by Kenchaiah et al that was posted online on July 16, 2007 (DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.679779), several errors occurred.In the Methods and Results section of the abstract, line 11, the value of P for interaction was shown as “<0.001” but should have been “<0.0001.” The same error occurred on page 5, column 2, line 7. Also, on page 2, column 2, line 18, the value “=6 months” should have been “≤6 months.” The authors regret these errors.Two entries in Table 2 were inadvertently switched. In Table 2, line 17, the P value for the age- and sex-adjusted model was listed as “1.00 (referent),” and the fully adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was listed as “…” (ellipses to indicate a blank or nonapplicable cell). These should have been reversed so that the P value was listed as “…” and the fully adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was listed as “1.00 (referent).” The publisher regrets this error.These errors have been corrected in the final print version of the article in the August 7, 2007, issue of the journal (Circulation. 2007;116:627–636) and in the current online version. Previous Back to top Next FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited By Rosenkranz S, Gibbs J, Wachter R, De Marco T, Vonk-Noordegraaf A and Vachiéry J (2015) Left ventricular heart failure and pulmonary hypertension, European Heart Journal, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv512, 37:12, (942-954), Online publication date: 21-Mar-2016. Valdivia C, Medeiros-Domingo A, Ye B, Shen W, Algiers T, Ackerman M and Makielski J (2009) Loss-of-function mutation of the SCN3B-encoded sodium channel 3 subunit associated with a case of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation, Cardiovascular Research, 10.1093/cvr/cvp417, 86:3, (392-400), Online publication date: 1-Jun-2010. Related articlesBody Mass Index and Prognosis in Patients With Chronic Heart FailureSatish Kenchaiah, et al. Circulation. 2007;116:627-636 August 7, 2007Vol 116, Issue 6 Advertisement Article InformationMetrics https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.186042 Originally publishedAugust 7, 2007 PDF download Advertisement SubjectsClinical StudiesCongenital Heart DiseaseEpidemiologyObesity

Water retention of flexographic inks and its influence on final print gloss

Flexographic printing is a process that employs a flexible printing form and low viscous ink, often water-based. The flexible printing form is favourable for printing on rough surfaces, but the high surface tension of the ink may cause printability problems.This work has focused on the interaction between paper/paperboard coating and water-based flexographic ink, aimed at increasing the knowledge about the printing process in form of physical/chemical parameters that are important for ink setting. The effects of printing conditions on print quality, such as printing pressure and temperature, have also been in focus.The work has shown that fluids of different polarities, i.e. different dipole moments, behave differently when being absorbed by a coating layer. Due to their chemical compatibility to the coating layer, fluids with large dipole moment fill the pore matrix of the coating to a lesser extent but penetrate further into the coating than fluids with small dipole moments. On the other hand, polarity of the coating layer also affects the print. When printing on coatings with different polarities, higher print densities was obtained on the more polar substrates. As a tentative explanation, it is proposed that the ink builds different layer structures during drying depending on the coating polarity.Print gloss is related to the ink setting which, in turn, is affected by the solvent retaining capacity of the ink. Large water holding capacity allows the ink components to smoothen out before the structure is set, resulting in a higher print gloss. The rheology of inks is affected by temperature; at a higher temperature the viscosity is reduced. The reduction in ink viscosity at higher temperature has been shown to affect the print quality, e.g., print density and dot gain. It is suggested that a thicker layer is immobilised during impression due to the lower viscosity and that it is an explanation of the higher print density at a higher printing temperature.The influence of impression pressure on dot gain has been experimentally evaluated and mathematically modelled with good agreement. The dot gain is shown to respond non-linearly to the applied printing pressure.Studies based on pilot coated and printed paperboards is also reported, and it is shown that the print quality, e.g. print density, print gloss and dot gain, is largely dependent on the type of ink chosen and on the coating characteristics. Higher clay content in the coating resulted in increased dot gain and a decreased mottling.

Influence of low‐temperature plasma on the ink‐jet‐printed cotton fabric

AbstractThis article studies the effect of low‐temperature plasma (LTP) on an ink‐jet‐printed cotton fabric. Owing to the specific printing and conductivity requirements for ink‐jet printing, none of the conventional printing chemicals used for cotton fabric can be directly incorporated into the ink formulation. As a result, the cotton fabric requires pretreatment with the printing chemicals prior to the stage of ink‐jet printing. The aim of this article is to study the possibility and effectiveness of applying LTP treatment to enhance the performance of pretreatment paste containing sodium alginate so as to improve the properties of the ink‐jet‐printed cotton fabric. Scanning electron microscopic pictures show that LTP treatment may cause cracks on the fiber surface and hence more dyes could approach the fiber surface during the ink‐jet printing process, leading to a higher dye uptake subsequently. In addition, not only the dye uptake is increased after the LTP treatment but the color‐fastness properties and the definition of the final print marks are also improved. Therefore, LTP pretreatment in couple with the ink‐jet printing technique could improve the final printed properties of cotton fabric. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007

Mixture printing pastes from high substitued guar gum and alginates on reactive printing of viscose

AbstractThe rheology of binary mixtures of two alginates and one carboxymethyl guar has been measured. Two reactive dyes were printed from pastes based on mixtures. The printing and the final print (color yield, levelness, and fabric stiffness) were assessed. Most of the mixtures reacted in accordance with the dye, and interacted especially with one of the dyes for which CMG was used. However, it is seen that mixture of CMG with alginates can be used in reactive printing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 745–751, 2007

Ethology into a new era

What’s in the news? As of this issue, Ethology sports a new attire. Those who prefer to hold a printed copy in hand instead of being contented with a computer screen presentation will recognize an increase in size, in all dimensions. This became necessary because of the growing popularity of the journal. Probably the major reason for this increase in attractiveness is Ethology‘s rapid submission to publication times (on average less than 2 months between submission and decision, and 2.9 months between final acceptance and print

Developing the injury prevention and safety promotion thesaurus, international English edition: An interdisciplinary tool for indexing and searching for research literature. Progress report 1

Introduction: Research relevant to injury prevention and safety promotion (IPSP) is conducted within more than 30 disciplines. A thesaurus under development identifies and clarifies important IPSP concepts from these disciplines and standardizes their corresponding terms. The primary function of the IPSP thesaurus will be as an indexing and search tool so that users can conduct online searches with satisfactory completeness but with a minimum amount of irrelevant material. Without this cross-disciplinary thesaurus, researchers may miss relevant information in parallel or disparate fields, which in turn may lead them to recreate information already developed or to miss important connections that could advance each discipline. Methods: The five-year development process involves (1) gathering candidate concepts and their terms by examining existing thesauri and glossaries, reviewing the archives of 30 professional journals, and analyzing search terms used by visitors to the SafetyLit website; (2) compiling the terms for IPSP-related concepts into a list with a categorical hierarchy; (3) convening panels of experts to advise the process and (4) publishing the final print and electronic versions of the thesaurus. Progress: This paper describes the overall project and its progress so far. We are currently working on compiling the structured list (step 2). To date, more than 8800 IPSP-related terms have been selected for inclusion. These terms are being defined and placed into a suitable taxonomic hierarchy created for this project. The paper also calls for additional expert panel member volunteers to provide their input.