Final Copy Research Articles

BIOM-16. LONGITUDINAL GLIOMA CEREBROSPINAL FLUID CELL-FREE DNA FOR MONITORING AND TREATMENT RESPONSE ASSESSMENT

Abstract Few methods exist via which to assess treatment response with high fidelity in gliomas. While CSF has previously been used as a source of cfDNA, it remains unknown how cfDNA abundance and sequencing changes throughout treatment and inevitable recurrence in gliomas. We utilized our biobank of longitudinal intracranial CSF specimens to determine the potential utility of CSF cfDNA as a monitoring tool for treatment response in patients with gliomas. Longitudinal CSF specimens were acquired via Ommaya reservoirs (NCT04692337) or ventriculoperitoneal shunts (NCT04692324) in patients with gliomas. cfDNA was extracted from 1-5 mL of CSF, and next-Generation sequencing or low-pass whole genome sequencing (LPWGS) was performed by Predicine, Inc. CSF acquired prior to versus after resection demonstrated an increase in quantified cfDNA (2.97x, range: 1.58-5.26x), consistent with the impact of increased parenchymal disruption and closer contact with CSF. Thereafter, CSF cfDNA continued to decrease throughout chemoradiation and adjuvant treatment and increased at recurrence, including in patients co-enrolled in immunotherapy trials for IL-7 agonists and pembrolizumab. Copy number burden (CNB) increased by the time of recurrence in three patients with known disease progression, and continued to decrease throughout immunotherapy treatment in one patient despite concerns of pseudoprogression. In one patient with a hypermutated glioblastoma, CSF cfDNA revealed over 59 genomic alterations, including MAP2K1, KIT, and PDGFRA, excluding even more variants of unknown significance, each of which had been detected in sequencing of the tissue acquired at resection and subsequently decreased with chemoradiation. In another patient with a known progressing EGFR-amplified GBM, over 200 new variants were identified by the patient’s final sample and EGFR copy number increased from 2 to over 30. In conclusion, cfDNA analysis over a patient’s disease course, including resection and treatment with standard-of-care and experimental therapies, may be of use for disease monitoring and treatment response.

1인 미디어 콘텐츠 크리에이터 속성이 관계의 질, 관계결속 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical and practical basic data on one-person media marketing by empirically analyzing the relationship between the attributes of one-person media content creators on relationship quality, relationship solidarity, and purchase intention.
 To this end, 291 final copies of data were collected through convenience sampling for viewers who had experience using one-person media content. The collected data were used to test hypotheses through frequency analysis, validity analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation and structural equation modeling as follows. First, it was found that reliability, professionalism, and sincerity, which are sub-factors of one-person media content creator attributes, had a positive (+) effect on relationship trust, which was a sub-factor of relationship quality, but had no effect on awareness. In addition, reliability and professionalism had a positive (+) effect on relationship commitment, but awareness and sincerity did not. Second, relationship trust was found to have a positive (+) effect on relationship commitment. Third, it was found that relationship trust and relationship commitment had a positive (+) effect on relationship solidarity, and it was analyzed that relationship trust had a greater impact than relationship commitment. Fourth, it was found that relationship trust and relationship commitment had a positive (+) effect on purchase intention. Fifth, it was found that relationship solidarity has a positive (+) effect on purchase intention. Therefore, one-person media content creators should strive to build reliability, improve professionalism, and produce authentic media, increase the quality of relationships such as relationship trust and relationship immersion, and promote solid relationship solidarity. And through this, it should be able to have a positive effect on purchase intention. This study provides academic implications by presenting a structural model of the relationship quality, relationship bonding, and purchase intention between one-person media content creators, thereby increasing understanding of consumer behavior. It also provides practical implications in that it suggests the direction of content creation by one-person media content creators.

Developmentally Programmed Switches in DNA Replication: Gene Amplification and Genome-Wide Endoreplication in Tetrahymena.

Locus-specific gene amplification and genome-wide endoreplication generate the elevated copy number of ribosomal DNA (rDNA, 9000 C) and non-rDNA (90 C) chromosomes in the developing macronucleus of Tetrahymena thermophila. Subsequently, all macronuclear chromosomes replicate once per cell cycle during vegetative growth. Here, we describe an unanticipated, programmed switch in the regulation of replication initiation in the rDNA minichromosome. Early in development, the 21 kb rDNA minichromosome is preferentially amplified from 2 C to ~800 C from well-defined origins, concurrent with genome-wide endoreplication (2 C to 8-16 C) in starved mating Tetrahymena (endoreplication (ER) Phase 1). Upon refeeding, rDNA and non-rDNA chromosomes achieve their final copy number through resumption of just the endoreplication program (ER Phase 2). Unconventional rDNA replication intermediates are generated primarily during ER phase 2, consistent with delocalized replication initiation and possible formation of persistent RNA-DNA hybrids. Origin usage and replication fork elongation are affected in non-rDNA chromosomes as well. Despite the developmentally programmed 10-fold reduction in the ubiquitous eukaryotic initiator, the Origin Recognition Complex (ORC), active initiation sites are more closely spaced in ER phases 1 and 2 compared to vegetative growing cells. We propose that initiation site selection is relaxed in endoreplicating macronuclear chromosomes and may be less dependent on ORC.

Development of outcomes-based instructional materials in professional teacher education courses for a flexible set-up

This study developed outcomes-based instructional materials in three professional teacher education courses based on an assessment of the different kinds of instructional materials used, their availability and frequency, challenges faced by faculty members and students in using the instructional materials and the perceived need to develop instructional materials. A descriptive research design was used to collect data while a developmental research design was applied for the development of outcomes-based instructional materials. The researchers constructed a questionnaire using a 4-point Likert scale. The online questionnaire was completed by 38 faculty members and 655 pre-service teachers from Batangas State University, Philippines. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Mann-Whitney U Test. The results showed that there are various instructional materials used in the three professional courses and they are used based on appropriateness and suitability. Both faculty members and pre-service teachers faced similar challenges in the utilization of these instructional materials as revealed by the Mann-Whitney U Test. These findings served as the basis for the development of three outcomes-based instructional materials that followed the sequence of activity, analysis, abstraction, and application. The instructional materials were subjected to evaluation and found satisfactory in content and format. Recommendations given were incorporated in the final copy.

Accurate Detection of Clinically Actionable Copy Number Variants in Diverse Hematological Neoplasms By Routine Targeted Sequencing: A Comparative Performance Study

Background: Accurate genotyping of Copy Number Variations (CNVs) is an essential part of the clinical evaluation of diverse hematologic malignancies. Conventional karyotyping and FISH are current gold standards to assess CNVs, but both have some limitations. Next-generation targeted sequencing panels are commonly incorporated into current clinical practice in most cancer centers. We examined the utility of CANARy (Copy number ANomaly Assessment and Recovery), a CNV profiling method for three hematological malignancies using targeted panel sequencing data. Patients and Methods: We studied patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), and plasma cell disorders (PCD) identified from a cohort of 4752 hematological specimens profiled at Stanford University by conventional cytogenetics and next-generation sequencing (NGS) between 2018 and 2021. We curated a cohort of 200 patients diagnosed with MDS (n=72), CLL (n=46), and PCDs including MM, AL amyloidosis, and MGUS (PCD, n=82), along with 50 cytogenetically normal controls. Specimens were bone marrow aspirates, peripheral blood, or FFPE tissue. All samples were characterized by conventional metaphase karyotyping and/or FISH and we focused on the analysis of clinically relevant CNV (-5q, -7/-7q, -20q, +8 for MDS; -11q22, -13q14, -17p13, +12 for CLL; and +1q21, -1p32, -13q14, -17p.13 for PCD). The specimens separately had clinical NGS (164 genes, Heme-STAMP) performed no more than four weeks from standard cytogenetic analysis. We applied multiple CNV enumeration tools to sequencing data for CNV genotyping at these loci, including our recently developed method CANARy (Chabon et al, Nature 2020). CANARy is a read depth-based, genome-wide CNV caller from targeted sequencing data that combines information from on-target and off-target fragments to assign a final Z-score and copy number index to a set of pre-defined genomic regions. We benchmarked CANARy alongside three others publicly available CNV callers: CNVkit (Talevich et al, PLoS Comput Biol. 2016), ichorCNA (Adalsteinsson et al, Nat Commun. 2017), and WISECONDOR (Straver et al, Nucleic Acids Res. 2014). All tools were run using the default parameters and following author recommendations. We calculated the accuracy and other statistics parameters for each CNV caller, considering karyotype/FISH as the true reference. We estimated tumor fraction using two strategies: the variant allele fraction (VAF) of disease-related driver mutations and using the ichorCNA estimate. Results: A total of 211 CNVs were identified by karyotype and/or FISH, with disease-specific distribution summarized in Fig. A. CANARy detected 148/211 (70.1%), CNVkit 88/211 (41.7%), ichorCNA 116/211 (55%) and WISECONDOR 158/211 (74.9%). The overall accuracy for CANARy, CNVkit, ichorCNA and WISECONDOR was 86.3%, 81.8%, 84.3% and 83.1% respectively. CANARy had both the highest overall accuracy (86.3%) and overall F1-score (0.73) (Fig.B). WISECONDOR had the highest number of false positives (83 vs. CANARy = 48). Interestingly, all CNV tools performed better in MDS specimens, with 92% accuracy for CANARy in MDS samples, likely related to the higher neoplastic purity of these samples. The median ichorCNA tumor fraction estimates for MDS, CLL and PCD were 22% (0-99%), 14% (0-70%), and 7% (0-94%), respectively. In addition, CNV calling was inferior in PCD tumors than other tumor types. Within CLL, -11q22 and -13q14 lesions were more challenging to detect with any of the four methods, with CANARy sensitivity of 50% and 31.3% respectively, likely related to the smaller minimal deletion regions of these lesions. The 17p deletion in CLL cases, known for its poor prognostic impact, was best identified by CANARy; with a 100% sensitivity and a 97.6% specificity. The only non-concordant result for -17p was a false positive that was detected by all 4 NGS CNV genotypers but not FISH, possibly suggesting a false negative FISH result. Conclusions: CANARy accurately identifies clinically significant CNVs in common hematologic neoplasms and could thus serve as a complementary approach to the current cytogenetic evaluation. CANARy uses data already generated from targeted sequencing panels and therefore does not impose additional work or cost. Low tumor fraction could be a limitation for CNV calling. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Optimised multiplex droplet digital PCR is more precise, but not more sensitive, than real-time PCR for the detection of allergenic peanut

The United States requires labelling of food products containing major allergens, such as peanut, through the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act. Accurate labelling requires sensitive, specific and robust detection methods, and PCR-based techniques have proven highly effective. This article describes the transition of a previously developed multiplex real-time PCR assay for allergenic peanut to a droplet digital PCR format. The triplex droplet digital PCR assay was developed in a probe mixing format and directly compared to the established real-time PCR assay. Data are provided for thorough optimisation in the digital format, including the effects of primer and probe concentration, cycle number and annealing/extension time. Optimisation parameters influenced relative location and separation of droplet clusters but not final copy number. The droplet digital PCR assay was linear over five orders of magnitude; its lower limit of detection was 0.05 pg DNA per reaction, more sensitive than published digital PCR allergen assays. It was more precise, but not more sensitive, than the previously established real-time PCR assay.

An efficient enhanced prefix hash tree model for optimizing the storage and image deduplication in cloud

SummaryThe popularity of the cloud storage space mainly attracted organizations to store their data in them. Therefore, the avoidance of duplicate data contents is unavoidable and several users share the cloud storage space for data storage, and sometimes this makes higher storage space utilization. Because of the extremely high duplicate copy, memory wastage arises in the case of multimedia data. Identifying the final duplicate copies in the cloud takes more time. To overcome this problem, we employ a significant storage optimization model for deduplication. The digital data hash value is stored by requiring an additional memory space. This study proposed an enhanced prefix hash tree (EPHT) method to optimize the image and text deduplication system to reduce the overhead caused by this procedure. The efficiency of the proposed approach is compared with the interpolation search technique using different levels of tree height (2, 4, 2, 8, 16) in terms of space and time complexity. The proposed EPHT technique shows improvements in terms of speed and space complexity when the number of levels in the EPHT increases.

Method for QOE monitoring and increasing in cellular networks based on QOE-to-QOS mapping using spline approximation

The current level of development of the cellular services market, qualitative changes in the means and methods of providing services, and the increased volume and diversity of information circulating in cellular networks have evoked the need for service quality assessment system improvement. To maintain competitiveness, the main efforts of operators are aimed at improving quality and increasing the service life of subscribers in the network by ensuring the required level of customer satisfaction in high-quality services through a system of organizational–technical and socioeconomic measures to bring the achieved level of quality-of-service (QoS) provision in accordance with the existing, emerging, or projected needs of subscribers. To achieve improved QoS provision, a functional relationship between network parameters has been established: The impact of key performance indicators on a key quality indicator through the use of cubic Hermitian splines (CHS) has been determined. The use of splines, as a signal model, can significantly improve the quality of signal processing due to the continuity of values and partial derivatives in the joints of spline gluing. CHS are characterized by calculation simplicity, as they provide high-speed computing, which, in turn, is important for real-time work when processing large data sets. Experimentally, it was shown that the use of splines allows for the ability to calculate statistical estimates of the required parameters of spline approximations, but also their confidence intervals, which increases the accuracy and probability of further calculations and is a distinct advantage of this approach. Also, the methods of service quality management through machine learning have been improved, which are effective tools for modeling integrated indicators of communication services quality control, monitoring their condition in terms of final copies of services, determining the causes of degradation, and reporting. It monitors the service performance provided by the cellular operator. Finally, the method checks the readiness and availability of services, detects network nodes through which quality degradation occurs, collects various quality metrics, and compares them with pre-installed quality indicators.

О работе В.В. Маяковского над текстами к плакатам (по материалам записных книжек)

The article deals with Mayakovsky's notebook no. 8 (January –May 1921), provided by the State Museum of Vladimir Mayakovsky. It demonstrates his work on the inscriptions for twelve Glavpolitprosvet Posters: “Look!,” “Hey you, the Urals mining worker! Without the help from your mine, it is impossible to put an end to the havoc in the economy!”, “Let’s get to work, comrades!”, “On my May-Day meeting…”, etc. Some of these posters, covering the important social and economic topics, have not survived to today, so the notebook becomes an important source of information about the principles of Mayakovsky’s propaganda work. A small fragment of the second version of Mayakovsky’s play “Mystery-Bouffe” can also be found in it, along with a receipt for the rent of a summer cottage in Akulova Gora that sheds some light on the details of the poet’s life. A holistic historical, literary and textual examination of the notebook helped to reveal the dates of creation of particular notes, and these, in turn, were related to the context of time and other contemporary works of the poet. The article examines the characteristic features of edits made by Mayakovsky and the order of their introduction. Also the author compares the draft texts of the posters “Hey, you, the Urals mining worker! Without the help from your mine, it is impossible to put an end to the havoc in economy!” and “Hey, mining worker!” to the final copies. The results of the research shows the characteristic features of the poet's creative vision of the actual topics of his time. The texts of the notebook are published for the first time.

Implication of lean philosophies in signing supplier quality agreement: An empirical study

Regulatory agencies need a signed supplier quality agreement between the parent company and its suppliers to give regulatory approval. Getting a supplier quality agreement signed by the supplier is a stringent procedure. It consists of explaining the technical, management terms to the suppliers, assigning the responsibilities for the product, and following the required legal standards. In this regard, the present study highlights the empirical approach taken by the Indian Tech giant (ABC Ltd., India) for the agreement signing process for the parent company XYZ Ltd and its suppliers. The current study underlines the importance of lean philosophy by incorporating the DMAIC methodology. Moreover, it also highlights the significance of knowledge-driven responsibility assessment. Our study reveals a significant improvement in the first connection with suppliers and the final copy of a signed supplier quality agreement to enterprise resource planning software. Moreover, eleven implementation problems faced by ABC Ltd., India is also presented with its resolution approach.

웨어러블 헬스케어 디바이스의 혁신 특성, 브랜드 및 이미지가 제품수용 의도에 미치는 영향 연구

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of innovative values and purchase attitudes on product acceptance intention based on the effects of innovative characteristics (complexity, relative advantages) and brand, image (social image, brand resonance) of wearable healthcare device users on innovative values and purchasing attitudes. A survey was conducted on actual users who currently use wearable healthcare devices, and the final copies of 201 were analyzed using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 3.0 programs. The summary of the research results is following here. First, it turned out that complexity among innovation characteristics had a negative (-) effect on innovative values and purchasing attitudes, and relative advantages did not affect innovative values, but on purchasing attitudes. Second, the social image and brand fairness among brands and images affect on innovative values. Third, among the innovation characteristics, complexity, relative advantages, and social images of brands images were showed to have an effect on purchasing attitudes. On the other hand, fairness of the brand and image did not affect on the purchase attitude. Fourth, it showed that innovative values and purchasing attitudes influence on product acceptance intention through this study. Based on the result of these research, theoretical, practical, and future research directions were suggested.

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Automated scoring for a Tablet-based Rey Figure copy task differentiates constructional, organisational, and motor abilities

Accuracy in copying a figure is one of the most sensitive measures of visuo-constructional ability. However, drawing tasks also involve other cognitive and motor abilities, which may influence the final graphic produced. Nevertheless, these aspects are not taken into account in conventional scoring methodologies. In this study, we have implemented a novel Tablet-based assessment, acquiring data and information for the entire execution of the Rey Complex Figure copy task (T-RCF). This system extracts 12 indices capturing various dimensions of drawing abilities. We have also analysed the structure of relationships between these indices and provided insights into the constructs that they capture. 102 healthy adults completed the T-RCF. A subgroup of 35 participants also completed a paper-and-pencil drawing battery from which constructional, procedural, and motor measures were obtained. Principal component analysis of the T-RCF indices was performed, identifying spatial, procedural and kinematic components as distinct dimensions of drawing execution. Accordingly, a composite score for each dimension was determined. Correlational analyses provided indications of their validity by showing that spatial, procedural, and kinematic scores were associated with constructional, organisational and motor measures of drawing, respectively. Importantly, final copy accuracy was found to be associated with all of these aspects of drawing. In conclusion, copying complex figures entails an interplay of multiple functions. T-RCF provides a unique opportunity to analyse the entire drawing process and to extract scores for three critical dimensions of drawing execution.

IMPACTS OF NON-SALARY PAYMENT ON LECTURERS’ PERFORMANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE AFFECTED UNIVERSITY - A CASE STUDY OF UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA

This study aimed at finding out the impact of non-salary payment on lecturers’ performances in climate change affected universities (a case study of UNN). The study adopted a gap analysis analysis and was carried out in University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN). The population comprised 793 respondents lecturers’ randomly sampled from the University. The study was guided by two purposes of the gap analysis. The instruments called Nospol-Climate-Change-Affected-University for data collection were self-designed structured questionnaires of 5 points of Much above average, Above average, Average, Below average and Much below average. Methods of data collection were face to face administration and collection after every rating in the questionnaires was completed by the concerned respondents from various faculties of UNN. All data were collected, collated and analyzed. The methods of data analysis were descriptive statistics and t-test with Statistical Package for Social Science. The instrument was validated by experts whose imputes were incorporated before the final copies were made and administered. Reliability test showed a significant difference between the performance levels of the two groups of the lecturers at p<0.05 etc. based on the findings, the researchers recommended among others that integrated payment and personal information system (IPPIS) which is a central payroll platform by the federal Government operating as Treasury Single Account (TSA) should be upgraded to make prompt payment to lecturers without further delay. 
 
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DEVELOPING A TEACHING-LEARNING MODEL TO ENHANCE AUTONOMOUS PTKIN LEARNERS

The study intends to develop a teaching model to foster Indonesian students to be autonomous learners. The study is participatory action research with a mixed method. The research subjects were English department students of State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Tulungagung and IAIN Kediri taking Writing 1. The instrument was adapted from an established mechanism to meet the purpose of the study. The researcher analyzed the Quantitative data through correlated t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and thematic content analysis. There were eight stages in the survey: identifying needs, setting goals, planning to learn, selecting resources, selecting learning strategies, practice, monitoring progress, and assessment and revision. These all stages were designed and determined together by the teachers and students. The results reveal that there are four main stages to enhance the students' autonomy in writing. The first is freewriting, in which the students wrote a paragraph freely on any topic they liked. Having finished this first draft, they were to self-check their work based on some criteria provided. The second is peer correction, in which they exchanged their work with their peers (peer correction) to gain some suggestion, discipline, and comments. The third is edited free-writing. Having got some advice, revision, and comments from peers, they started to revise their work. The last is the final copy. In this stage, they were to have a final self-check. Statistical analysis also reveals that this strategy significantly increases the students' learning autonomy

Red, White, and Whole by Rajani LaRocca

Reviewed by: Red, White, and Whole by Rajani LaRocca Deborah Stevenson, Editor LaRocca, Rajani Red, White, and Whole. Quill Tree/HarperCollins, 2021 [224p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780063047426 $16.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780063047440 $9.99 Reviewed from digital galleys Ad Gr. 5-8 It's 1983, and thirteen-year-old Reha, narrator of this free-verse novel, is chafing gently at the expectations of her loving Indian immigrant parents for their only child ("My family did not come to America/ to be mediocre") and starting to wonder if medicine is the right career path for a girl who gets woozy at the sight of blood. She's also beginning to think her schoolmate Pete might be more than just a friend, an inclination that causes some consternation in the family. Those concerns shrink, however, when her mother is diagnosed with leukemia, and Reha and her father struggle to hold it together as Reha's mother is hospitalized for treatment. The verses (often titled with names of pop songs) keenly depict Reha's being caught between the family demands and the romantic messages of radio hits, and the musical theme culminates perfectly in her receiving that ultimate romantic gift: a mix tape. The story of family affection, especially that of the aunt who arrives from India to care for Reha and her father while her mother is in the hospital, is brimming with warmth. However, the pace is slow and the plotting often disjointed, undercutting the story's impact, especially that of Reha's mother's terminal illness. It's still an approachable account of negotiating identity and of struggling with loss, so readers looking for a gentle entry into those issues may appreciate Reha's journey. An author's note will be included in the final copy. [End Page 267] Copyright © 2021 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

We Are the Ashes, We Are the Fire by Joy McCullough

Reviewed by: We Are the Ashes, We Are the Fire by Joy McCullough Deborah Stevenson, Editor McCullough, Joy We Are the Ashes, We Are the Fire. Dutton, 2021 [400p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780525556053 $18.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780525556077 $10.99 Reviewed from digital galleys Ad Gr. 9–12 Em—short for Marianne—has been a tireless advocate and fighter since her older sister, Nor, was raped by a member of the college football team. Now Nor’s rapist has been let off with no punishment despite being found guilty, and Em’s rage knows no bounds. Struggling to find a way to deal with her anger, she explores it by writing a historical free-verse narrative about the 15th century Frenchwoman Marguerite de Bressieux, who took up the sword to avenge her family’s murder and her and her sister’s rape. There’s horrifying authenticity in the book’s depiction of the social-media reviling of Nor (under the hashtag #IgNorTheWhore) and also in Em’s ongoing failure to account for others, whether it be her sister or Em’s new nonbinary friend, Jess, as she seethes and crusades. The book’s intense focus on the price women continually pay, whether in the past or now, for male privilege (“To service men/with our bodies/would be appropriate// To speak/our minds:/ obscene,” says Marguerite bitterly) will resonate with many young readers. Marguerite’s story (drawn from a legend that’s considered unlikely to be historical fact) is unfortunately not that compelling, however, since it’s a heavy-handed ahistorical narrative that takes forever to get to the satisfying revenge fantasy. Additionally, the present-day story starts to lose focus with revelations about Em’s mother’s past and her own accidental injury, and there’s very little acknowledgment in either strand of the kinds of privilege both Em and Marguerite do possess. Downham’s Furious Thing (BCCB 12/19 and Caletti’s Girl, Unframed (BCCB 6/20) are more cogent explorations of female anger, but the truths here may still resonate. The final copy will include an author’s note. Copyright © 2021 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Clarinet and Trumpet by Melanie Ellsworth

Reviewed by: Clarinet and Trumpet by Melanie Ellsworth Natalie Berglind Ellsworth, Melanie Clarinet and Trumpet; illus. by John Herzog. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2021 [32p] Trade ed. ISBN 9780358107477 $14.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9780358330721 $9.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R 5–8 yrs Clarinet and Trumpet are best friends, making music together and looking out for each other when mouthpieces go missing or reeds get split. When Oboe enters the scene, Clarinet has more in common with the new instrument, leaving Trumpet untuned in the dust: “Their friendship fell flat.” Clarinet competes with Trumpet by additionally befriending Flute and Bassoon, and French Horn and Tuba join Trumpet and Trombone until there’s a true cacophony on their hands. Finally, Saxophone enters the scene and eases tension by being both a brass and a woodwind instrument, and Clarinet and Trumpet make up in time for the instruments to all play together. Music aficionados and pun aficionados alike will appreciate the many musical puns interspersed throughout the text (“Clarinet, you’re sharp!”). The digital art is somewhat unremarkable, emulating the style of many Nick Jr. shows with the instruments given cartoonish eyes and stick-person appendages, but it still could be useful for youngsters learning to differentiate musical instruments. The final copy will come with a shaker, allowing viewers to shake the book and participate in the instruments’ cacophony. Copyright © 2021 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Feasibility and Acceptability of Digital Legacy-Making: An Innovative Story-Telling Intervention for Adults With Cancer.

This study examined the feasibility, burden and acceptability of a legacy-making intervention in adults with cancer and preliminary effects on patient quality-of-life (QOL) measures. We conducted a Stage IB pilot, intervention study. The intervention was a digital video legacy-making interview of adults with advanced cancer to create a digital video of their memories and experiences. Baseline and post-video QOL assessments included: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Emotional Thermometers for distress, anxiety, anger, help and depression. Participants received a final copy of the digital video for distribution to their families. Adults (n = 16) ages 38-83 years old with an advanced or life-limiting cancer diagnosis completed an intervention. Feasibility and acceptability was strong with 0% attrition. While the pilot study was not powered for quantitative significance, there were changes from baseline to post-intervention in the participants' total or subscale FACT-G scores, PDI, HADS anxiety or depression scores, and Emotional Thermometer scores. A digital video legacy-making intervention is feasible for adults with cancer without significant negative outcomes for individuals completing the study. It remains unclear whether this intervention contributes to positive quality of life outcomes.

How J M Keynes Corrected the Only Major Error He Made in His General Theory in His Correspondence with J. Robinson between September and November, 1936: His Mention of Mrs. Joan Robinson in the Preface to the General Theory

J M Keynes stated the following on p.xii of his General Theory on December 13,1935: “I have also had much help from Mrs. Joan Robinson….who have read the whole of the proof-sheets.” (Keynes,1936, p.xii). In the course of an extensive correspondence with J. Robinson in the months of September, October, and November,1936, over one of her books that she had sent him for review and comment, Keynes discovered that Joan Robinson had (a) no knowledge of basic undergraduate, lower division level training in international trade and exchange rates between two countries and, much, much more seriously, (b) had a serious lack of knowledge about his Liquidity Preference theory of the rate of interest that occupied all or some of chapters 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 and 21 of the General Theory. It was now quite clear to Keynes that Joan Robinson had not understood what was in the final draft copy of the General Theory that he had given to her to read and comment on in June, 1935 and to which she replied in four days time: “Given Keynes’s ambitions, limitations, and expectations, she could be useful, perhaps even valuable, in finishing the book. As in so many instances, events proved Keynes’s judgment sound even if not precisely in the way he anticipated. Within four days of receiving the second set of galleys, Robinson sent him an extensive and detailed set of comments as well as her general impressions of the book (Keynes 1973a, 638–45). How was this extraordinarily swift and thorough response possible? Keynes sent Harrod the galleys on June 5 but did not hear from him until July 31 (see Keynes 1973a, 526–27). Hawtrey’s set was sent on June 12, and he replied by the end of the month (1973a, 567). In four days, how could Robinson read a difficult and confusing book, digest it, and write elaborate and carefully crafted suggestions, many of which Keynes adopted?”(Aslanbeigui and Oakes, 2009, p.205; boldface added). The correct answer to the question posed by Aslanbeigui and Oakes in 2009, which was “In four days, how could Robinson read a difficult and confusing book, digest it, and write elaborate and carefully crafted suggestions, many of which Keynes adopted?” (Aslanbeigui and Oakes, 2009, p.205; boldface added), in light of her extremely poor performance in the Keynes-Robinson exchanges of September-November, 1936, is that she was not the author who wrote the “…elaborate and carefully crafted suggestions” on the General Theory in four days. The true authors were Richard Kahn and Austin Robinson, just as they were most probably the true authors of The Economics of Imperfect Competition,1933. Keynes now realized that Joan Robinson’s reply to him in 1935 was not her own. This conclusion follows directly from the first two sentences of Keynes’s letter of November 9th,1936 to Joan Robinson: “I beg you not to publish. For your argument, as it stands, is most certainly nonsense.” (Keynes, 1936, CWJMK, Vol. 14, p.147; boldface added).