Film Exhibition Research Articles

Niewykorzystany kapitał. Pomoc międzynarodowa a początki rehabilitacji zawodowej w Polsce po II wojnie światowej

Unused Assets. International Aid and the Birth of Vocational Rehabilitation in Poland after the Second World War In 1946, at the request of the Polish government, UNRRA sent in two British experts in vocational rehabilitation to help establish the national framework of helping people with disabilities. During numerous meetings with government representatives, medical doctors, and social workers, as well as by trainings, lectures, and screenings of instructional films, they tried to familiarise Poles with the British model of rehabilitation. The model assumed close integration of medical and vocational rehabilitation and aimed at placing the disabled workers in the industry alongside those without disabilities. Initially, officials from the Polish Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare seemed to be keen to adopt such an approach, but in 1949, they turned toward the Soviet solutions. One of the main effects of this shift was moving away from employing the disabled in the industry. They were encouraged to join cooperatives instead, which, in the end, proved to be unfavorable to their social rehabilitation. The article reconstructs the activity of the British experts in Poland and analyses their observations from the encounters. By situating these events in a broader context of political and social conditions, I argue that replacing the progressive British model with Soviet solutions stemmed from the ongoing process of the Sovietization of Poland.

Journal of Scientific Temper

Film-centric promotion of scientific temper has been attempted the world over to influence audience perception of themes allied to science and technology which often reflect shades of social as well a cultural concern. This paper attempts to see how students in 77 under-resourced schools in 15 states of India have comprehended the science content through screenings of short science films themed on grassroots technological innovators who have had no formal technical education and yet have been able to innovate products that answered a sorely and regularly felt local need. All the short science films screened offered an amazingly simple technical solution to a real-life challenge. In a large number of instances, the challenges faced by the grassroots innovators in their daily lives were also the problems encountered by the school children who formed the audience of these films. The fact of audience identification with the films emanating from a striking similarity with the socio-economic background of the grassroots technological innovators drove a large part of this study. The analysis establishes how gender distribution of audience among nine to eighteen years of age have received the short science films and what competing ratios did the responses indicate about the degree of engagement during post-screening interactions in both rural as well as urban locations.

Synchrotron infrared spectroscopic high-throughput screening of multi-composite photocatalyst films for air purification

Synchrotron-based infrared microscope was used for the high-throughput screening of Fe3+/Nb5+ doped TiO2 photocatalysts for air purification.

Ukrainian cinema at "A-list" International Film Festivals in 2018

The purpose of the article was to study the participation of Ukrainian cinema at the "A-list" International Film Festivals in 2018. The methodology was based on description, qualitative and quantitative analysis and systematization of information about the participation of Ukrainian films in competition and non-competition programs of the "A-list" IFF and the participation of Ukrainian film industry at the "A-list" IFF professional events. The scientific novelty of the research is that for the first time such detailed review of the participation of Ukrainian cinema at the "A-list" IFF in 2018 was conducted. Conclusions. In 2018, 21 Ukrainian films were selected 31 times to participate in the official programs of 10 "A-list" IFF. The potential of Ukrainian cinema can be revealed at the international level by the screenings of Ukrainian films that talk about modern Ukraine and were created by Ukrainian filmmakers in co-production and with the support of Ukrainian State Film Agency in the programs of "A-list" IFF.

Events of citizenship: Left militantism and the returns of revolution in Tunisia

ABSTRACT Amidst an ostensibly successful transition along the axes of liberal parliamentary democracy since the 2011 revolution, a group of Tunisian left militants organize their own spaces of deliberation and ethical cultivation. Among these is the ciné-club, an assembly that combines film screenings and discussion. By unearthing the diverse chronotopes – temporal and spatial dimensions – of Tunisian revolutionary thought and praxis, the ciné-club assembly disrupts hegemonic understandings of liberal citizenship. By virtue of this disruption, the assembly constitutes an ‘event of citizenship’ that exposes not only the long legacy of protest in Tunisia, but also the diverse understandings of revolution and democracy among the Tunisian citizenry today. The returns of local and global revolutions in the Tunisian present offer us the opportunity to delve into the intricacies of the social life of left political thought and praxis.

How the Machine Works

In this article, Kênia Freitas documents the growing presence of Black filmmakers in Brazil’s independent cinema exhibition circuits and investigates the larger network of art collectives, film clubs, and film festivals that are contributing to the recent racial reconfiguration in Brazilian cinema. Focusing on three new black film series and festivals—Mostra de Cinema Negro Brasileiro (Paraná), Mostra EGBÉ de Cinema Negro (Sergipe), and Negritude Infinita (Ceará)—all situated outside the more traditional Rio/São Paulo axes of national cinema, Freitas’ discussion of these nascent exhibition networks suggests future strategies for structural transformational change.

Beyond Slapstick: How Silent Movies Have Witnessed Medicine

Medicine in silent film has a long history. Although the silent era in cinema was dominated by burlesques (using escaped "lunatics") a number of themes emerged after systematic review. The cinematic representation of medicine coincided with the discovery of X-rays. During this "roentgenomania", short films were produced showing groundbreaking X-ray images, which fitted perfectly into needs of dramatic cinema. But soon the "cinema of narration" evolved: Starting just after the turn of the century, the short film "The Country Doctor" was able to address complex interplay between duties and limitations of the medical profession. This was followed by numerous feature films on infectious diseases, which often used tuberculosis as a centerpiece of its story. Directors often took advantage of the well-known stereotype of the omnipotent physician. But in certain medical fields, such as psychiatry or surgery, a more ambivalent figure of the doctor was portrayed, f. e. in "Hands of Orlac" (1924). Silent cinema also offered interesting ideas on the healing powers of the medium itself: in"The Mystery of the Kador Cliffs" (1912) a film screening could cure the patient of fears after reenactment. Finally, acloser look at the early era of film echoes how social conflicts where dramatized, especially in the case of nationwide birth control. How illegal abortion kept the society on its edge, was most clearly shown in the adaption of the scandalous play "Cyankali" (1930).In addition to discussing various topics in the cinematic representation of medicine, this brief overview shows that silent movies were a new and true art form, representing an exceptional resource for historians of film and medicine.

Raman spectroscopy and lattice dynamics calculations of tetragonally-structured single crystal zinc phosphide (Zn3P2) nanowires

Earth-abundant and low-cost semiconductors, such as zinc phosphide (Zn3P2), are promising candidates for the next generation photovoltaic applications. However, synthesis on commercially available substrates, which favors the formation of defects, and controllable doping are challenging drawbacks that restrain device performance. Better assessment of relevant properties such as structure, crystal quality and defects will allow faster advancement of Zn3P2, and in this sense, Raman spectroscopy can play an invaluable role. In order to provide a complete Raman spectrum reference of Zn3P2, this work presents a comprehensive analysis of vibrational properties of tetragonally-structured Zn3P2 (space group P42/nmc) nanowires, from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. Low-temperature, high-resolution Raman polarization measurements have been performed on single-crystalline nanowires. Different polarization configurations have allowed selective enhancement of A1g, B1g and Eg Raman modes, while B2g modes were identified from complementary unpolarized Raman measurements. Simultaneous deconvolution of all Raman spectra with Lorentzian curves has allowed identification of 33 peaks which have been assigned to 34 (8 A1g + 9 B1g + 3 B2g + 14 Eg) out of the 39 theoretically predicted eigenmodes. The experimental results are in good agreement with the vibrational frequencies that have been computed by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Three separate regions were observed in the phonon dispersion diagram: (i) low-frequency region (<210 cm−1) which is dominated by Zn-related vibrations, (ii) intermediate region (210–225 cm−1) which represents a true phonon gap with no observed vibrations, and (iii) high-frequency region (>225 cm−1) which is attributed to primarily P-related vibrations. The analysis of vibrational patterns has shown that non-degenerate modes involve mostly atomic motion along the long crystal axis (c-axis), while degenerate modes correspond primarily to in-plane vibrations, perpendicular to the long c-axis. These results provide a detailed reference for identification of the tetragonal Zn3P2 phase and can be used for building Raman based methodologies for effective defect screening of bulk materials and films, which might contain structural inhomogeneities.

PKM Coping Stress Pada Mahasiswa

This PKM activity aims to transfer of knowledge in the form of knowledge about stress, stress triggers, stress coping, types of coping, and steps of coping behavior. This activity was carried out in the campus hall involving 50 college students, namely STAI-DDI students, Tangnga Pangkep Regency. The methods used are brain storming, short film screening, material delivery by lecturing, discussion and sharing experiences. The result of this activity is the absorption of material about stress and stress coping by the participants (partners), which in turn can be used to deal with the stress they feel

The underground seen: moving images, heterotopias, and the postsocialist bearing witness

ABSTRACT For seven nights in October 2016 an underground film festival took place in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam skirting existing structures of official media censorship. The festival brought together independent films and video arts from Southeast Asia that touch upon the subject of Western colonialism and its lingering traumas. The festival also redefined the meaning of audience engagement. Hosted at various obscure locations across the dense metropolis, the festival’s organizers required audience members to navigate traffic jams, endure inclement weather, check for real-time updates, potentially lose their ways, and rediscover agency in the process. This experience of intentional alterity with regards to authorization, obfuscation, and misdirection reflects the condition of state domination over collective memories, movements, and maladies. Michel Foucault posits the concept of heterotopia as a counter to authoritarianism and oppression. By heterotopias, literally ‘other places’, he identifies physical places, neither good nor bad, that are outside society's space and time, at once isolated and accessible. This essay examines the sights, scenes, and sounds of the Out of Frame Film Festival, whereby the strategic use of subaltern spaces for film screenings merges present lived experiences with previous dispossessions. I argue that the geography of movement and the out-of-way places intrinsic to the audience experience bear witness to the socialist past leaking into the present through the blurring of filmic narratives and lived environments. The underground is seen as the nexus where the confluence of ‘others’ and the process of ‘self-othering’ in ‘other places’ become an emergent political event.

The Persistence of Society-Driven Engagement in Swedish Cinema: A Locational Analysis, 1936-2016

This article underlines the importance of grass-roots civic society involvement in cinema exhibition in villages and towns in Sweden throughout the twentieth century. We investigate geographic patterns of cinema exhibition and ownership over time in a mixed rural cum (post)industrial region in the central part of Sweden known as Bergslagen. In a systematic comparison across temporal and geographic entities our analysis details the extent of civic society engagement in cinema. Our analysis suggests that civic societies contributed to the high number of cinemas in rural and small town Sweden as well as to the persistence of a surprisingly evenly distributed and decentralized pattern of cinema exhibition up until this day.

Exhibitor’s Cut: Travelling Cinema and Experiences of Cinemagoing in Taurus Highland Villages during 1960-1980

Based on the New Cinema History approach, this article focuses on the cinemagoing experiences in the Taurus highland villages from 1960 to 1980 in Turkey. No previous study has investigated cinemagoing experience in rural Turkey. We explore who participated in the screenings and what the experiences of audience members were, in which places (fixed or ambulant) and under what circumstance s the film screenings took place, who the exhibitors were, and how procurement, distribution and exhibition mechanisms worked. We employed an ethnographic design and collected testimonies through oral history with villagers and also with travelling exhibitors and cinema operators. Our findings challenge a series of antiquated arguments on Turkish cinema history by reflecting upon grounded daily experiences in a often-ignored locality. These findings include issues such as cinema exhibition operated independently from the city, mobility and temporality of cinemagoing experience, performative audience, and open cinema spaces.

The Cinema Context Database on Film Exhibition and Distribution in the Netherlands: A Critical Guide

Abstract Cinema Context is an online database for researching the history of cinema exhibition and distribution in the Netherlands. It contains structured information on venues, persons and companies involved in the dissemination of film from the late nineteenth century until the present day, with an emphasis on the first half of the twentieth century. Aim of this paper is to document and critically reflect on the creation of the database and account for and motivate the choices made in constructing the data model and collecting the data.

The Directors Round Table at Cine-Lit with Film Directors Juan Carlos Valdivia, Celina Murga, Mariana Chenillo, Carlos Marqués-Marcet, Javier Corcuera and Gabriela Martínez Escobar

Since its inception in 1991, the Cine-Lit film conference, sponsored by multiple Oregon universities, in conjunction with the Portland International Film Festival, has climaxed with the Directors Round Table of invitees, all auteurs, from Spain and Latin America after several days of screenings of films from these geographical areas and the presentation of academic papers. At Cine-Lit 8 (2015), we were fortunate to attend one of the best Directors Round Tables ever. Below the reader will find a translation of that conversation with six directors about problems of globalization, film financing in their countries and the local as well as the international distribution of their films.

Neosemantyzacja wyrazów "premiera" i "premierowy" we współczesnej polszczyźnie

The subject of the article is the semantic development of the words "premiera" and "premierowy". Most dictionaries of the Polish language note only one meaning of the lexeme "premiera": ‘the first performance of a dramatic work; also: the first screening of a new film’. "Premierowy" is defined as an ‘adjective from the premiere’. It turns out, however, that in the contemporary Polish language these two words function in new meanings. "Premiera" is sometimes used to name any activities and things performed for the first time. The word also has an objective meaning: ‘object first shown publicly or put up for sale; novelty’. "Premierowy" is, inter alia ‘occupying in a certain order or place a position that can be described using the number 1; first’, ‘the best, the most important, superior to others in some way’, ‘one that has recently been created; new’, ‘the one that replaces something previously fulfilling a given function; new’. The semantic development of these lexemes is probably the result of the influence of English, but semantic changes in Polish are also possible.

Strategies for Working with Soviet Past in the Post-Soviet Cultural Space (The Cases of TV-series Thaw, Kolyma Tales Performance by Yeltsin Centre’s ‘V tsentre’ theatre studio and Yury Dud’s YouTube film Kolyma – Birthplace of Russia’s Fear)

This article explores some of the strategies used to reconstruct the Soviet past in contemporary Russian culture. Soviet past is ubiquitous in contemporary Russia. Over the past decades, it has become simultaneously an object of nostalgia, an object of mythologisation, and an object of myth deconstruction. This article analyses the concepts of nostalgia, mythologisation and demythologisation and explores the strategies for aesthetisation, glamorisation, critique and deconstruction of the past. The research presented here is based on the analysis of creative texts produced in different art forms: cinema and drama, as well as various communication media that cater to different audiences – traditional one (film screenings, TV broadcast, stage plays) and new/younger one (video bloggers on YouTube). This article suggests that the strategies employed by various authors who work with the Soviet past depend not only on their value attitudes but also on their chosen communicative channels. Thus, the ‘traditional’ audience of mass TV channels is exposed to openly nostalgic interpretations of Soviet past, while the ‘younger’ audience of experimental theatre studios and YouTube channels, which lacks direct experience of Soviet period, requires different approaches. However, in all these art forms it is possible to move beyond nostalgia producing works that challenge retro-expectations.&#x0D; Keywords: nostalgia, mythologisation, deconstruction, The Thaw TV series, Kolyma Tales performance, Yury Dud

Cultural and leisure activities at research libraries in the digitalization era: What to offer users

The author characterizes the society’s dependence on digital technologies and the direct demand for these technologies. The libraries are examined as the system of several functions, and among them — the cultural leisure activities. Modern technologies are seen as a harmonic way for the libraries to enter into the new digital environment. The specificity of research (academic) library resources is emphasized. The author argues that contemporary user demands in these libraries are viewed narrowly which is insufficient. The examples of digital technologies application in educational projects and cultural and leisure activities at research and academic libraries are provided. The author points specifically to three forms of these activities, i. e. teaching foreign languages, virtual reality technologies, and film screening. The specific character of these activities of public and research (including academic) libraries is discussed. The Google’s Expeditions platform is described; the efficiency of this technology in organizing cultural and leisure activities in libraries is proved. Science documentaries are seen as a lost user service offered by research libraries. The author also examines the financial aspect, i. e. high costs of hi-tech devices and equipment and possible funding resources. She concludes that digital technologies have engrained in our life. The trends in research (academic) libraries’ assimilating cultural activities specific to public libraries are described.

Development of bioactive films based on chitosan and Cynara cardunculus leaves extracts for wound dressings

The development of natural based, effective and protective wound dressings associated to local treatment applied on chronic wounds, represents a major challenge nowadays. In this work chitosan-based films were prepared with different concentrations of ethanolic ultrasound assisted extracts from Cynara cardunculus leaves (EtPUAE). The physico-chemical film properties revealed that extract incorporation influences the volumetric swelling capacity and mechanical properties of the films, leading to materials with a lower fluid absorption capacity and more fragile. However, no impact was detected on the thermal properties of the films, as well as on their dense structure characterized by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Biological screening of chitosan-based films show that chitosan with a 1% (w/w) and a 5% (w/w) EtPUAE loading did not induce cytotoxicity on normal human skin fibroblasts (Bj5-ta cell line), mainly attributed to cynaropicrin (extract key active compound) present in the film below its IC50 value. Nevertheless, chitosan-based films with 5% (w/w) EtPUAE presented an interesting anti-inflammatory activity. Bj5-ta cells stimulated with liposaccharides (LPS), presented a reduction of 86% on IL-6 cytokine levels, after exposure to chitosan with 5% EtPUAE film extract.The results obtained in this study open up the possibility of successfully using chitosan films doped with EtPUAE for development of chronic wound dressings, with the advantage of using naturally-sourced materials with anti-inflammatory activity.

Increasing HPV Vaccination Support Through a Pilot Film-Based Community Engagement.

Mass media interventions are considered an effective tool to improve support for preventive health behavior. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected during 2016-2017 community screenings of the film Someone You Love: The HPV Epidemic to raise public awareness about human papillomavirus (HPV). The objective was to examine the change in participants' support for HPV vaccination after viewing the film. The film was screened five times at four different communities. Each screening was followed by a discussion session with local health care experts. A 9-item structured survey measured the impact of the film on motivation and overall support for HPV vaccine on a 4-point Likert scale. We used Wilcoxon Signed Rank test to examine the change in vaccination support. We obtained 64 survey responses. Participants were informed about the film through word of mouth and friends (20%), flyers (19%), and their health care providers (9.4%). Fifty-five percent were parents/guardians, and 75% were aged 26-65years. About 28% and 22% of participants reported their daughters or sons had completed all 2 or 3 HPV shots. Results from Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test indicated statistically significant increase in vaccination support (Z = - 5.44, p < 0.001) after viewing the film. The median response from before to after changed from "supportive" to "very supportive". Community film screening followed by discussion with local health care experts is a promising strategy for increasing HPV vaccine support. Future work should address increasing access to the film, examine the film's impact on increasing HPV vaccine uptake and assessing program cost effectiveness.

THE EMPOWERMENT OF CADRES AND TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS IN THE EARLY DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF STUNTING IN NORTH BOGOR DISTRICT, BOGOR, WEST JAVA

Stunting associated to the increased risk of morbidity and mortality, reduced physical capacity, impaired development and function of children’s motor and mental condition. Efforts have been made by the Government through Integrated Healthcare Center (IHC), however it is less optimal as it didn’t involved all aspects of the community. Cadres and TBAs are important parts of the community that are strategic enough to be involved in this activity, because they are very close to mothers and the community.This program aims to improve the knowledge and practice of 31 cadres and traditional birth attendants (TBA) in early detection and prevention of stunting and implement their knowledge to the community by using lecture, discussion, practice, and film screening methods. There is a significant difference in the knowledge level of cadres and TBA between pre and post training (p value = 0.0005) with knowledge improvement of 30.68%. Furthermore, cadre and TBA did a Follow-Up Plan (FUP) in the form of stunting socialization and education, particularly to the expectants and mothers, with the results of about 124 people exposed to stunting. To monitor FUP, team formed a total of 3 Whatsapp Groups for each village as a forum of communication and discussion between fellow participants to PHC and Research Team. As the result, almost all trainees informed the FUP through Whatsapp group, in the form of socialization and education to other cadres and mothers during IHC, recitations, village activities, sports activities, as well as family or neighbors individually, etc. Through the empowerment of cadres and TBA, education on early detection and prevention of stunting goes according to expectations and is quite effective to the role of cadres and TBA in the community.Keywords: stunting, cadre, traditional birth attendant, empowerment