Film Audiences Research Articles

A Study on the Impact of Digital Affordance on the Continuous Viewing Intention of AIGC Animated Short Film Audiences - Focusing on the Audience of AIGC Animated Short Film “Poems of Timeless Acclaim” -

A Study on the Impact of Digital Affordance on the Continuous Viewing Intention of AIGC Animated Short Film Audiences - Focusing on the Audience of AIGC Animated Short Film “Poems of Timeless Acclaim” -

Cinema, censorship, and consumerism: mass culture and discursive transformations in film censorship in late 1970s South Korea

ABSTRACT The emergence of ‘erotic films’ (ero yeonghwa) in the 1980s has generally been discussed in the context of the Chun Doo-hwan regime’s ‘3S Policy,’ a series of policy changes that relaxed the stringent censorship regulations first implemented under Park Chung Hee’s military rule. Rather than a distinct rupture, this article argues that these changes were part of a larger shift in the perception of films that began in the late 1970s – a new conception of films as a commercial product. Whereas film audiences had long been dismissed as faceless masses with ‘vulgar’ tastes by both film personnel and government officials, the growing commercial power of films underscored the importance of the audience as consumers. Through a close reading of various newspapers and Performance Ethics (Gongyeon yulli), the official newsletter of the Public Performance Ethics Committee, this article traces the development of various discourses around film, the public audience, and mass culture. Ultimately, this article argues for a more nuanced approach towards examining censorship practices by looking beyond the state and its regulatory institutions and accounting for an array of continuously shifting discourses around medium-specific characteristics, structural changes in society and economics, and the general public.

The experience of cinema-going for women in Japan during the 1920s and 1930s

ABSTRACT In the field of Japanese film studies, the relationship between women and cinema during the 1920s and 1930s has been mainly explored through the perspective of women’s representation in films, largely neglecting the experiences of actual, historical female audiences in cinemas. This article examines how Japanese female audiences received films in cinemas and the experiences these venues offered to women. By analysing contemporary film magazine and newspaper articles, which discuss female film audiences or are authored by women themselves, this study sheds light on the cinema-going experiences of women in Japan during this period. It particularly focuses on schoolgirls’ experiences of watching Western-imported films, drawing on their testimonies found in film magazines. For schoolgirls, cinema visits constituted an adventurous escape from domestic confines. Watching foreign-imported, particularly American, films provided them with an opportunity to observe and imagine lives divergent from their own. Moreover, the widespread film culture among schoolgirls enabled them to share their affinity for these films. The article concludes that cinema-going offered schoolgirls an opportunity to momentarily escape their constrained lives and collectively envisage a life beyond their immediate realities.

THE INFLUENCE OF ACTORS' ONSCREEN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND SMOKING ON THEIR FANS FROM SOCIAL LEARNING PERSPECTIVE

In recent years, every movie has begun with the statutory warning saying, “Smoking Causes Cancer and Smoking Kills; Liquor Drinking is Injurious to Health." These statutory warnings are shown to the cinema audience to raise awareness that drinking and smoking are not socially accepted behaviours. This research aims to find out whether the actors' on-screen alcohol consumption and smoking in films had an influence on their fans. The study was conducted between the period August 2023 to October 2023.This study adopted a quantitative method with purposive sampling technique and the responses were collected through a survey from 254 male respondents from the state of Tamil Nādu. The study has found that such as age and locality are found to have high influence on the behaviour change at 0.01 level, Besides the age, locality, educational qualification, and occupation has high chances of fans Imitation by watching films 0.01 level. The impact of age, locality, and educational qualification on reinforcement and self-efficacy has significant relationships at the 0.01 level of significance thus shows how fans support and oppose actors' similar actions. Movie watching in theatre compared with self-efficacy does not have significant relationship because fans does not resist in influencing by watching their favourite actors. The findings revealed many significant associations and thus shows the relationship between movie-watching habits had influence on adoption of onscreen behaviours of their favourite actors. As a result, the representations of drinking and smoking by the actors have the potential to have a negative influence on fans health and lifestyle.

Prototipe Sistem Rekomendasi Film Indonesia Menggunakan Pendekatan Content Based Filtering dan Metode Vector Space Model

Film represents a combination of narrative and cinematographic aspects in an audio-visual form. Films also provide an engaging visual, auditory, and emotional experience. The film industry in Indonesia has shown significant growth. In 2015, cinema audiences numbered 16.2 million, increasing to 51.2 million in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a drastic decline in the number of viewers, with only 4.5 million in 2021. However, the industry quickly recovered, reaching 54.07 million viewers in 2022 and 55 million in 2023, and is projected to reach 60 million in 2024. With the increasing availability of films and streaming platforms, finding movies that match user preferences often becomes a challenge. This study proposes a film recommendation system using the Content-Based Filtering method and the Vector Space Model to help users more easily find movies that match their preferences. Content-Based Filtering recommends films based on content similarity, while the Vector Space Model measures content similarity using metrics such as cosine similarity or euclidean distance. Based on experiments using 20 sample films, the results show that the designed system can provide accurate and precise movie recommendations based on keywords provided by users. The film "Pengabdi Setan 2: Communion" has the highest similarity score of 0.3018, followed by "Nana," "Menjelang Magrib," "Jailangkung: Sandekala," and "Qorin," with similarity scores of 0.0865, 0.0138, 0.0136, and 0.0125, respectively

Class Bias in Indonesian’s Post-Reformation Film Revival

This paper describes how the Indonesian film industry has experienced a revival to counter Hollywood dominance since the beginning of the Reformation Era in the 2000s. However, conditions that hinder the growth of the Indonesian film industry are mainly due to the concentration of movie theatres and film screens in big cities. Indonesian films are predominantly consumed by groups from the upper socioeconomic levels and ignored by the middle and lower economic strata. This article seeks to portray whether the movement against Hollywood dominance would be effective if Indonesian films were only directed at this particular audience segment. To analyse the development of the Indonesian film industry in the post-reformation era (2000-current), the authors used a nationwide survey from Saiful Mujani Research and Consulting, conducted from August 31 to September 9, 2019, shortly before the COVID-19 Pandemic hit globally. To corroborate the survey's findings, the authors also distributed a closed questionnaire to 100 students at Undergraduate Program in Communication, Universitas Indonesia, and followed this with in-depth interviews with several students. The authors seek to study the revival of Indonesian films despite the decade-long dominance of Hollywood films and, recently, South Korean films. The research question proposed in this paper is: Can Indonesia break away from Hollywood's dominance? For this reason, this research focuses on the availability and modality of Indonesian market-targeted millennial and post-millennial film audiences to support the revival of the national film industry to compete with the dominance of Hollywood films. Keywords: Class bias, Indonesian films’ revival, taste culture, movie theaters, Hollywood films.

The Perception of Eros and the Cinema Audience Experience in Cádiz (Spain)

The Perception of Eros and the Cinema Audience Experience in Cádiz (Spain)

COSTUME AS A CHARACTER: COMMUNICATING THROUGH COSTUME IN IYOBINTE PUSTHAKAM

Costumes which are the distinctive style of dressing is one of the many tools the film director has to tell the story in films. Costumes can communicate the details of a character’s personality to the audience and facilitate actors transform into new and believable personalities on the screen Brownie & Graydon (2016). Costumes give a visual impact on the film audience and more than just dressing an actor, costume design extends the main themes of the film in a subtly effective way, it can progress the character in a story without dialogue, costumes may not be memorable as dance sequences or banter but it can recreate time and space. While looking deeper into the costumes of the character it might be a surprise to explore a person’s politics, education, personality, social status, hierarchy, politics, and many more about the particular role played by the character. The need for communication is for the designers to effectively design the costumes. This article explores a Semiotic Analysis of how the costumes communicate the character development progresses in the Malayalam film “IYOBINTE PUSTHAKAM” the characters “IYOB” and “COMMUNIST MAN”. Semiotic Analysis is used to analyze the costume of the characters and gives an explanation of how costume designers design costumes in films that effectively communicate the character in films.

Experiential Empathy through Feminist Observation: The Bond between Women and Animals in the Ecocinema of Andrea Arnold and Kelly Reichardt

Andrea Arnold and Kelly Reichardt are two of the most successful and critically acclaimed female filmmakers working today, each possessing a distinctive directorial style that has endeared them to a wide range of film audiences. Arnold has long been preoccupied with social realist character studies focused on working-class citizens of the United Kingdom, while Reichardt has spent her career crafting slow cinema set in the American Pacific Northwest. An essential theme unites these directors’ filmographies: their interest in relationships between women and animals as human women try – and generally fail – to supplement their unsatisfying human connections with a love for animals. This article examines this theme through a feminist eco-critical lens, considering how these representations of human-animal bonds might relate to real-life ecological concerns. I argue that these filmmakers awaken new social and political understandings in their viewers through employing a form of experiential empathy via feminist ecocinematic observation.

The Biafra Story in Film: An Appraisal of Biyi Bandele’s <i>Half of a Yellow Sun</i>

Diverse scholarly and artistic expressions in book form and documentary films have been employed to document the story of the Nigerian Civil War by persons who were actively or peripherally involved in the events surrounding it. Attempts at telling the story have been coloured by different factors like military, political, ethno religious and egocentric considerations. This study examined the war's account through Biyi Bandele’s Half of a Yellow Sun, a filmic adaptation of Chimamanda Adichie’s novel with the same title. Using qualitative content analysis method and grounded on the Trauma and Cinema Theory, the study examined the film’s representation of historical facts and how such perspectives may have been received. The film's reception by the Nigerian cinema audience and government through the cinema regulatory authority were examined. The study concluded that the suppression of critical historical facts in the film through censorship represents the unwillingness of the government to allow for citizen conversation, which the film could provoke and which may lead to proper closure and possibly lay to rest, the ghost of the fratricidal war that almost ripped the country apart between July 1967 and January 1970.

Bereavement And Melancholy in Cinema: A Comparative Review Between Turkish and American Cinemas

Cinema is one of the most vivid and sensational reflection tools in the art world since it reverberates almost all emotions concerning human beings and their experiences. One of these emotions is grief due to the loss of our beloved ones and in the same way as existence and life, it is a striking issue covering lots of films and thus the concept of mourning and sorrow are the most outstanding and common themes having a profound impact on cinema audiences. In other words, despite cultural and social differences all around the world, grief and pain are intense and universal emotions. Understanding and interpreting the contexts in which these emotions are addressed in different cinema cultures is essential to reveal the cultural projections of cinematic narratives. As part of this idea, the main purpose of this study is to illustrate how Turkish Cinema and American Cinema approach the concepts of bereavement and lament. Accordingly, four well-known films, Canım Kardeşim (1973) Babam ve Oğlum (2005), Rabbit Hole (2010) and finally Manchester by the Sea (2016) have been determined via purposeful sampling method and analyzed by focusing on remarkable similarities and differences in terms of loss and death with the aid of descriptive analysis. As a result of reviews of the films, it has been observed that the Turkish approach to death and loss includes melodrama, emotional abuse, and local connotations while the American one involves a more realistic point of view underlying individual crises, mental collapses or devastations.

An Analysis of the Marketing Mode of Modern Chinese Commercial Movies

China's movie market has continued to grow over the past few years and is now the world's second-largest box office market. Commercial movies are undoubtedly the fastest-growing category of films. This paper will systematically discuss the specific subcategory of Chinese commercial films from various aspects and explore the marketing model of Chinese commercial movies as a complex and diversified systematic project. First, this study analyzes the characteristics of the Chinese film market, the marketing mode of modern Chinese commercial films, and the types and needs of Chinese film audiences; secondly, it aims to discuss the drawbacks and challenges Chinese commercial films face under the characteristics of such an environment and marketing methods. By analyzing the market trends, industry models, and marketing strategies, the paper will delve into the development of Chinese commercial cinema as an industry and provide some suggestions on how to succeed in the highly competitive film industry.

Impact of Marketing Strategies on Consumer Buying Behaviour with Specific Reference to Movies as a Medium

The research aims to investigate how film promoters' social media activities and other factors influence public decision-making regarding watching films in theatres. Specifically focusing on film audiences in Tamil Nadu, the study evaluates public perceptions and social media engagement. Limited research has explored variables like promotional campaigns, social media engagement, reviews, and decision-making regarding movie-watching. The study surveyed 300 individuals from Tamil Nadu who had watched films and by using SPSS, statistical analysis has been done to compare results and identify significant relationships influencing consumer decisions. The research highlights the importance of promotional campaigns, social media engagement, and reviews in influencing audiences' movie choices. Social media references can enhance audience enjoyment of recommended films, with social awareness also impacting video screening standards. The findings indicate that social networks play a significant role in influencing movie-watching behaviour. Overall, a combination of factors is necessary to encourage audiences to watch movies, and further exploration of strategies is essential to boost theatre attendance.

Film Audiences: Personal Journeys with Film, by Bridgette Wessels et al.

Film Audiences: Personal Journeys with Film, by Bridgette Wessels et al.

ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA FEMINISME EKSISTENSIALIS TOKOH “JUDY” DALAM FILM ANIMASI ZOOTOPIA BAGI MAHASISWA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SWADAYA GUNUNG JATI

This study is entitled "Semiotic Analysis of Existentialist Feminism as the Character "Judy" in the Zootopia Animation Film for Students of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Swadaya University Gunung Jati". The animated film Zootopia produced by Clark Spencer is an animated adventure-comedy genre film produced by Disney in 2016. The film Zootopia tells the story of a rabbit named Judy Hopps who lives in the town of Bunnyburrow. Judy has a dream to go to Zootopia, a city where all animals can coexist harmoniously and Judy has a dream to become a rabbit policeman for the first time in that city. So in this case, the researcher formulates the problem, namely how the meaning of denotation, connotation and myth of existentialist feminism character "Judy" in the animated film Zootopia. The purpose of this study is to find out the meaning of the scenes in the animated film Zootopia by looking at the denotative meanings, connotative meanings and myths related to Simone de Beauvoir's existentialist feminism values ​​in the character Judy. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method with Roland Barthes's semiotic analysis. Based on the results of research conducted by the author, it can be concluded that the meaning of denotation in each scene already describes the value of existentialist feminism in the character Judy. Focusing on each scene that depicts Judy's expressions and conversations in determining the path of life she aspires to. Then the connotative meaning, in every scene in the film is related to the value of existentialist feminism, namely how the hidden meaning contained in each scene is like how Judy as an existentialist feminist shows and fights for her existential freedom. Meanwhile, the meaning of the myth that the author finds in every scene in the film is related to the value of existentialist feminism, namely things that are believed by film audiences, for example, as a woman, you must know the purpose of life as well as struggle and maintain your ideals. Through the myth built by the character Judy in the animated film Zootopia, there is a myth that spreads with the term 'Assembling upstream, swimming to the shore' in other words, if you want to be successful, you have to be brave enough to work hard first.
 Keywords: Existentialist, Feminism, Zootopia, Film.

From What You See to What We Smell: Linking Human Emotions to Bio-markers in Breath

Research has shown that the composition of breath can differ based on the human's behavioral patterns and mental and physical states immediately before being collected. These breath-collection techniques have also been extended to observe the general processes occurring in groups of humans and can link them to what those groups are collectively experiencing. In this research, we applied machine learning techniques to the breath data collected from cinema audiences. These techniques included XGBOOST Regression, Hierarchical Clustering, and Item Basket analyses created using the Apriori algorithm. They were conducted to find associations between the biomarkers in the crowd's breath and the movie's audio-visual stimuli and thematic events. This analysis enabled us to directly link what the group was experiencing and their biological response to that experience. We first extracted visual and auditory features from a movie to achieve this. We compared it to the biomarkers in the crowd's breath using regression and pattern mining techniques. Our results supported the theory that a crowd's collective experience directly correlates to the biomarkers in the crowd's breath. Consequently, these findings suggest that visual and auditory experiences have predictable effects on the human body that can be monitored without requiring expensive or invasive neuroimaging techniques.

Концерт в голливудских короткометражных мультфильмах «золотой эры»

The article is devoted to the representation of classical music concert in Hollywood cartoons of the 1930s — 1950s. A concert as a symbol of the academic musical culture was well-known to the American cinema audience. The author of the article studies how the cartoons creators rethought the main elements of a concert ceremony using both the general stereotypes related with the world of classical music and the familiar images of American life of the first half of the 20th century. Special attention is focused on the development of a typical concert repertoire in cartoons and its relation to the category of popular classical music. The article gives a detailed analysis of concert types, features of a concert space, the appearance and behaviour of soloists, orchestra players, and conductors, and the evolution of these elements during the Golden Age of Hollywood cartoons. The conclusion is made that a concert in cartoons becomes an ideal object of parody and carnival play which mirror the conflict between high and low art that exists in the mind of the audience and work as assimilation mechanisms for the artistic experience of the elite culture. The methods of history, art studies, and cultural studies are used in the research.

Urban Dystopia on Screen: The City, Architecture and Power in the Contemporary Science Fiction Film

This paper investigates the urban, architectural and spatial mise-en-scène of major western 21st-century science fiction film dystopias portraying urban societies under totalitarian rule. While extensive scholarship exists on architecture, the city and power and similarly on architecture, the city and film, the triad of architecture/city, film and power remains under-researched. This paper therefore concentrates on how power is mediated through built form on screen. It also investigates whether recurring visualizations and meaning(s) of built form concerning power can be observed. Considering key works about the built environment and its relation to power, this study also uses a semiological approach in order to assess the symbolic-metaphorical use of urban, architectural and spatial form. We assume that producers, directors, set-designers, screenwriters on one side and the film audience on the other ‘speak a similar language’ and share cultural codes and symbols. The frequent recurrence of specific urban, architectural and spatial visualizations in science fiction films which mediate specific meanings of power may be proof of a widespread, conscious or subconscious reading of these visualizations and understanding of their meaning(s) with regards to power – meanings which may therefore be deeply rooted in the culture of western societies.

Radical feminist representation, social cognition, and film communication on reducing sexual harassment

<p>Film is a work of art that has become a phenomenon in modern life that always produce a content that relate with social and human cognition affect in modern lifestyle, one of them is a sexual and a fight of woman. Sexual violence is an act of degrading, insulting, harassing or attacking a person's body, and reproductive function, due to the inequality of power and gender relations, which results in psychic and physical suffering which includes interfering with a person's reproductive health. In this study, the author's goal is to describe and analyze forms of sexual harassment through scenes in the Photocopier film in order to reduce the existence of sexual harassment, to describe and analyze the views in the film Photocopier so that film audiences can be more concerned about sexual harassment. The theory used in this study is Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis with the methods carried out in this study are qualitative with data collection techniques used, namely observation, documentation and literature studies. In this study, it shows that sexual harassment is the factor most feared by victims, the figure of Farah, Tariq, and other victims suffering in silent, refusing to giving up and find out the perpetrator of the sexual abuse experienced by them for fear that in the future negative things will happen consequently, in contrast to Suryani a victim who had the courage to try uncovering the events that she has experienced, Suryani relentlessly tried to find evidence of who is the mastermind behind the sexual harassment. The process of social cognition on the Suryani as an actress and the main character, can be found through critical discourse analysis methode by indicating the actress who manages and stores any information about sexual harassment committed, collects evidence, and fights for the right to justice.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong> <em>Film Communication, Photocopier, Sexual Harassment, Critical Discourse Analysis, Feminist</em></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p>

What are the viewers’ reviews and emotions in Filmaffinity? A netnographic analysis

The increasing importance of online user feedback is also influencing the film industry business. This work analyses the perceptions of film audience in Spain major using netnography. A total of 2187 opinions collected in a specialized film forum have been analyzed through factorial analysis of simple correspondences. The two dimensions obtained, together with the other results, show the importance of intrinsic variables. The first dimension allows to identify the personal action against the so-called environment. The second dimension contrasts positive perceptions against negative ones, allowing to detect market opportunities associated with a good soundtrack and a good plot. This second axis will also facilitate the detection of the worst rated films.