Nanofilled Composites Research Articles

Effect of Different Beverages and Polishing Systems on Color Stability and Surface Roughness of a Smart Chromatic Composite Resin and Methacrylate Composites

Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the color stability and surface roughness of smart chromatic composite resin and methacrylate composite resins with applying different polishing systems and stored in different solutions. Methods: In the study, 120 disc-shaped specimens were prepared from a smart chromatic composite, a nanofill composite, and a nanohybrid composite. The specimens were separated into 12 groups with a specimen size of 10, and the two different polishing systems were utilized. The initial color values of the specimens were measured with a spectrophotometer and the surface roughness values were measured with a profilometer. Then, the specimens were stored in two different beverage solutions, and color and roughness measurements were repeated. The mean color change values of the specimens were calculated in ΔE, and the surface roughness values were recorded in Ra. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (P =.05). Results: Statistically significant variations were observed in the mean color change values among the groups, as a consequence of the utilization of various polishing systems and exposure to different solutions (P.05), significant distinctions were identified among the groups to which different polishing systems were employed (P

Recent Advances in Architectural Designs and Fabrication Strategies of 2D Fillers in Polymer-based Dielectric Nanocomposites

Recent Advances in Architectural Designs and Fabrication Strategies of 2D Fillers in Polymer-based Dielectric Nanocomposites

Emerging trends in nanofiller composites for aerospace and automobile performance enhancement

Emerging trends in nanofiller composites for aerospace and automobile performance enhancement

Advancements in Restorative Dentistry: A Systematic Review of Techniques and Materials

The field of restorative dentistry has experienced significant advancements, driven by the demand for aesthetic, durable, and minimally invasive treatment options. This systematic review evaluates recent developments in restorative techniques and materials, focusing on their clinical effectiveness, patient-centered outcomes, and limitations. Key advancements include minimally invasive techniques such as air abrasion and the Hall Technique, which aim to preserve natural tooth structure and reduce patient discomfort. Additionally, digital innovations like CAD/CAM and 3D printing have improved the precision and efficiency of dental restorations, allowing for same-day, custom-fit prosthetics that enhance patient satisfaction. The introduction of advanced materials—including nano-filled composites, biocompatible ceramics, and fluoride-releasing glass ionomers—has further improved the durability and aesthetic quality of restorations. Despite these benefits, challenges remain, including the high cost of adopting new technologies, the need for specialized training, and the limited availability of long-term data on some materials. This review concludes by highlighting future directions, such as the potential of biomimetic and regenerative materials, as well as artificial intelligence in treatment planning. These advancements collectively point towards a more effective and patient-focused future for restorative dentistry.

8-hydroxyquinoline directly loaded on graphene oxide for active protective performance of sol-gel coatings on aluminum alloys

8-hydroxyquinoline directly loaded on graphene oxide for active protective performance of sol-gel coatings on aluminum alloys

Spectrophotometric Evaluation of the Color Stability of Nanofilled Composites With and Without a Dentin Bonding Agent as a Surface Sealer Following Exposure to Common Beverages.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the color stability of nanofilled composites with and without the application of a dentin bonding agent (Single Bond Universal Adhesive) as a surface sealer, following exposure to common beverages. Eighty specimen disks of a nanofilled composite (Filtek 350XT) were prepared and divided into two groups: one treated without a composite sealer (Group A) and one with a composite sealer (Single Bond Universal Adhesive) (Group B). Each group was subdivided into four subgroups (subgroups A1, A2, A3, and A4 and subgroups B1, B2, B3, and B4), and each subgroup was immersed in a separate container containing coffee, tea, cola, or distilled water for 15 days. Color changes (ΔE) were measured using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after 15 days. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test. Statistically significant differences in color stability were observed between the sealed and unsealed groups. Specimens without sealant (subgroups A1, A2, and A3) showed greater color changes compared to sealed specimens (subgroups B1, B2, and B3). Coffee caused the greatest color change (ΔE = 30.31 for A1 vs. 12.00 for B1), followed by tea and then cola. Control groups immersed in distilled water showed minimal color change, which was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The results suggest that applying Single Bond Universal Adhesive as a composite sealer significantly reduces discoloration of nanofilled composites when immersed in coffee, tea, and cola over a 15-day in vitro period. Further research is needed to explore its long-term efficacy.

Optimal Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Parameters of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys Al 7075 and Al 6061 Using Ultrasonic Vibration and Nanocomposite Filler (Al 5356/ZrB2) to Alleviate Hot Cracking Phenomenon

Abstract In this study, the welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys, Al 7075 and Al 6061, was investigated using Al 5356 filler rods reinforced with ZrB2 particles. The welding process was conducted using tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, with and without ultrasonic vibration, to enhance weld quality and reduce hot cracking. Optimization of process parameters for dissimilar TIG welding was performed through Response Surface Methodology (RSM), which generated a design matrix to analyze the influence of process parameters on response variables. Numerical and graphical optimization was applied to minimize hot cracking sensitivity and maximize microhardness. The RSM-based models suggested an optimal welding current of 93 A, the use of Al 5356/ZrB2 nanocomposite filler, and the application of ultrasonic vibrations. Experimental validation of the identified solution demonstrated improvements in weld quality, including increased yield strength and ductility. The combination of nano-reinforced fillers and ultrasonic vibrations was found to enhance weldability and mitigate hot cracking in dissimilar aluminum joints. The mechanism of hot cracking reduction involved grain refinement, degassing, and homogenization due to ultrasonic vibrations, as well as the modification of weld pool chemistry and control of dilution by the nanocomposite filler, which collectively minimized solidification shrinkage and stress. Under these optimized conditions, no hot cracking was observed experimentally.

Constructing ZrO2@UiO-66 heterostructure nanoparticles to significantly improve energy storage density of PEI-based nanocomposites at high temperature

Constructing ZrO2@UiO-66 heterostructure nanoparticles to significantly improve energy storage density of PEI-based nanocomposites at high temperature

Effect of Charcoal-containing Mouthwashes on Color Stability of Nanofill and Microhybrid Composites

Effect of Charcoal-containing Mouthwashes on Color Stability of Nanofill and Microhybrid Composites

Preparation and investigation of structural, optical, and dielectric properties of PVA/PVP blend films boosted by MWCNTs/AuNPs for dielectric capacitor applications

Preparation and investigation of structural, optical, and dielectric properties of PVA/PVP blend films boosted by MWCNTs/AuNPs for dielectric capacitor applications

Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of SDR Plus, Fiber-Reinforced and Nanofilled Composites in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study.

Endodontically treated teeth (ETT) undergo structural changes, including a reduction in water content and loss of dentin elasticity, which can compromise their mechanical properties. One critical factor influencing the long-term prognosis of a restored ETT is the marginal adaptation of the restorative material. The present study compared the marginal adaptability of Smart Dentin Replacement (SDR) Plus, fiber-reinforced, and nanofilled composites in ETT using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cavities were made in 30 recently extracted maxillary premolars distributed into three experimental groups depending on the restorative material used: group 1 as SDR Plus (Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA), group 2 as fiber-reinforced composite (EverX, GC Corp., Tokyo, Japan), and supra nanofilled composite (Estelite Sigma Quick, Tokuyama Dental Corp., Tokyo, Japan). Standardized access openings were performed, and endodontic treatment was completed in all teeth. Specific composite restoration techniques were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions. After thermocycling for 30 days, the restored teeth were sectioned and viewed using SEM (Labindia Instruments Pvt. Ltd., Maharashtra, India) to measure the width of the marginal gap. The data were analyzed using statistical software. The mean marginal gap width varied significantly among the groups. Group 1 had a lower mean marginal gap of 2.99 μm, group 2 exhibited the highest mean marginal gap of 10.24 μm, and group 3 had a mean marginal gap of 5.51 μm. Overall, group 2 consistently showed significantly larger marginal gaps than the other groups. Within the limitations of this study, SDR Plus demonstrated better marginal adaptation than fiber-reinforced and supra-nanofilled resins in the coronal restoration of ETT. Fiber-reinforced composites demonstrated the maximum marginal gap, followed by nanofilled composites. Thus, SDR Plus may be recommended as a suitable restorative material to enhance the longevity and success of endodontic treatments.

Wear, microhardness, water sorption, and solubility of conventional glass ionomer cement modified with precured nanofilled composite.

Wear, microhardness, water sorption, and solubility of conventional glass ionomer cement modified with precured nanofilled composite.

Innovating a EVOH composite coating towards outstanding H2 barrier and anti-corrosion properties

Innovating a EVOH composite coating towards outstanding H2 barrier and anti-corrosion properties

A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE AESTHETICS AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF COMPOSITE VENEER RESTORATIONS WITH DIRECT AND INDIRECT TECHNIQUES

In recent years, dental aesthetics have garnered significant attention, prompting the advancement of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques to preserve natural dental tissues while addressing aesthetic concerns. This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical performance and biocompatibility of prefabricated componeers and direct composite veneers by assessing changes in color, surface texture, marginal integrity, and gingival response. Emphasizing the modern landscape of dental materials, the study addresses the challenges associated with tooth wear and advocates for minimally invasive approaches. The utilization of contemporary nanofilled and nanohybrid composites provides a broad spectrum of aesthetic solutions while highlighting the critical importance of biocompatibility. Study Design and Methodology: This investigation is structured as an in vivo, comparative clinical study involving a sample size of 72 teeth from patients aged between 20 and 60, with equal representation of both genders. Conducted under real-life conditions, the study systematically divides participants into two distinct groups for comprehensive comparative analysis. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to assess and compare the clinical performance and biocompatibility of prefabricated componeers versus direct composite veneers.

Novel poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer functionalized montmorillonite: Physicochemical aspects and near-IR study of hydration properties

Novel poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) polymer functionalized montmorillonite: Physicochemical aspects and near-IR study of hydration properties

A comparison of physical, morphological, and mechanical properties of bio‐polyester hybrid nanocomposites

AbstractIt is imperative to improve the physical, morphological, and mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers like polylactic acid (PLA), poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT), and polycaprolactone (PCL) in order to employ them on a larger scale. The development of hybrid nanocomposite materials using nano inclusions can improve desired qualities. Here we introduced an interactive nano reinforcement approach to improve the properties by combining graphene oxide (GO) and carboxyl functionalized MWCNT (f‐MWCNT), to provide for their chemical bonding for synergic reinforcement. A constant filler 2 wt.% was added to the biopolyesters by melt blending process and examined the different physical properties like water absorption, intrinsic viscosity, and hardness. To completely evaluate the functionalization of the nanofillers, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared radiation (FTIR) analyses were used. The paired nanoparticles and polymer matrix appear to mix well together, as shown by electron microscopy, which also reveals good dispersion and the creation of a reinforcing network microstructure across the matrix layer. A thorough analysis of the results showed that effective stress transmission, delaying the start of faults and generating microcracks, and dissipating additional mechanical energy all contributed to efficient hybrid network formation, which improved the mechanical properties of hybrid filler nanocomposites except some nanocomposites. These findings offer a viable technique for chemically altering biodegradable polymers, like PLA, PBAT, and PCL for use in biomedical, wastewater management, and agricultural applications.

Neutron Reflectivity Study on the Adsorption Layer of Polyethylene Grown on Si Substrate.

To investigate the structure of the interface between polyethylene films and substrates, the neutron reflectivity (NR) of deuterated polyethylene (dPE) thin films deposited on Si substrates was measured, demonstrating water accumulation at the interface, even under ambient conditions. After leaching the thermally annealed dPE films in hot p-xylene, NR measurements were conducted on the layers remaining on the substrate, clearly revealing that the adsorption layer of dPE grew during annealing and consisted of two layers, an inner adsorption layer and an outer adsorption layer, as previously proposed for amorphous polymers. The inner adsorption layer was approximately 3.7 nm thick with a density comparable to that of the bulk. The outer adsorption layer was several nanometers thick and appeared to grow insufficiently on top of the inner adsorption layer under the annealing conditions examined in this study. This study clarifying the growth of the adsorption layer of polyethylene at the interface with an inorganic substrate is useful for improving the performance of polymer/inorganic filler nanocomposites due to the wide utility of crystalline polyolefins as polymer matrix materials in nanocomposites.

An experimental study on jute/banana fiber reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) composites with nanofiller

AbstractThe incorporation of nanoparticles into natural fiber composites has the potential to alter the characteristics of natural fiber composites. In this study, various properties of jute and banana fiber reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composites with different nanofillers incorporation were investigated. Samples were prepared using the vacuum bagging technique. Inorganic nanoparticles (Al2O3, ZnO, MgO, CuO, and TiO2) were synthesized using a ball milling machine and in each sample, 3 wt.% of nanofillers were incorporated. The maximum ultimate tensile strength and elongation percentage is found for TiO2, which is 90.433% higher than pure PVA whereas MgO incorporated samples provides maximum flexural strength, which is 162.59% higher than PVA. The sample with Al2O3 provides strongest impact resistance, 17.3 J/cm2. It was found that the decomposition temperatures were slightly higher for MgO and CuO doping than the undoped PVA composite. The FT‐IR spectra exhibited notable hydroxyl groups and minor shifts indicating a reduction in hydrophilicity upon the introduction of nanoparticles. The water absorption exhibited a reduction of up to 36% in conjunction with an increase in density across all samples. The highest crystallinity is found for CuO nanofiller composite, validated by x‐ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, morphological changes in the composites were seen through scanning electron microscopy and EDX shows a strong peak at 2.1 keV indicate some impurities present in the samples.Highlights Jute/banana/PVA composites were prepared with 3 wt% nanoparticles incorporation. Metal oxides such as Al2O3, ZnO, MgO, CuO, and TiO2 were used as nanoparticle. The use of nanoparticle improved the tensile, flexural, and impact properties. Decomposition temperatures were found higher for MgO and CuO incorporated composites. Upon nanoparticle incorporation, water absorption exhibited a reduction of upto 36%.

Advancing anti-corrosion performance of composite coating: Self-aligned fluorinated graphene for multifunctional electronic packaging

Advancing anti-corrosion performance of composite coating: Self-aligned fluorinated graphene for multifunctional electronic packaging

Enhancing the performance of flexible pipeline materials through polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT) nanocomposites reinforced with reduced graphene oxide

Enhancing the performance of flexible pipeline materials through polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT) nanocomposites reinforced with reduced graphene oxide