Filled Glass Fiber Research Articles

Experimental investigation on concrete filled glass fibre reinforced polymer tubular beams under flexural loading

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) has expanded its importance throughout the world as it provides an immense potential solution to the crisis related with the infrastructure. Concrete filled fibre reinforced polymer tubular members are used as an innovative alternative material for concrete filled steel tubular members. This paper focuses on an experimental study on the behaviour of concrete filled glass fibre reinforced polymer tubular beams under flexural loading. Two different strength of concrete (Type 1 & Type 2) were used to infill the FRP tubular beams. Two types of configurations of FRP (S-type and B-type) were used in the investigation. The tubular beams were performed for four-point loading system. The effect such as strength of concrete infill on FRP tubular beams and configurations of FRP were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the FRP tubular beams filled with Type 2 concrete enhanced the ultimate load than the FRP tubular beams filled with Type 1 concrete. The concrete filled in unidirectional cloth FRP tubular beams exhibit a better performance than the woven roving FRP tubular beams. FRP tubes filled with higher grade of concrete increased the maximum deflection by 22.09%. The concrete filled in S-type of FRP tubular beams failed by premature buckling, rupture of fibres and crushing in the webs wherein concrete filled in B-type of FRP tubular beams failed by brittle mode of failure.

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Nano Filled Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites

Abstract Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites has wide range of applications; as their weight to strength ratio is extremely high when compared to monolithic metals. One of the main limitations of FRP composites is there low mechanical properties, due to the polymers associated with it. To address this attempt made in this study to investigate the use of different nano particles mixed in different polymers to improve mechanical properties of the polymer. In this study nano-aluminium oxide powder was dispersed in polystyrene resin using ultrasonic bath sonicator and used as matrix phase for manufacturing glass fiber reinforced plastics by hand layup method. As per the ASTM standards tensile, compression test and impact test were carried. A linear regression model was also developed to compute the improved mechanical properties of nano-aluminium oxide filled GFRP composites. The results indicated that the predicted values through the developed linear regression model are well aligned with the experimental results and proved that with the increase in weight percentage of nano-aluminium oxide powder the mechanical properties of FRP composites improved

Experimental investigation on sugarcane powder filled glass fiber epoxy composite

Nowadays the natural filler usage is increasing in polymer composites due to environmental concern. The natural fillers are abundantly available in India. Sugarcane is the major crop cultivated in India. Bagasse is the fibrous pulpy residue obtained after sugarcane crushed in mill. It is used for biofuel production and other applications. In this work, sugarcane powder obtained from bagasse was reinforced with randomly oriented short glass fiber in epoxy material. The epoxy composites were fabricated by hand lay-up method. The composites were prepared with 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% volume fraction sugarcane powder with 20% glass fiber. The mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength were investigated as per ASTM standard. Test results show that the 20% glass with 25% sugarcane powder composite exhibited improved mechanical properties.

Stress Redistribution in Glass Fibers of G-FRCM Composites

Fiber reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites are increasingly adopted as a strengthening technique for existing masonry structures. Among the different fibers that can be employed in the reinforcing open-mesh textiles, which are embedded within cement- and lime-based matrices, glass fibers are gaining popularity due to their low price and promising performances observed so far. However, the stress redistribution between the glass fiber filaments within the textile is often uneven, which strongly affects the performance of the FRCM when subjected to external forces. In this paper, the stress redistribution between the glass fiber filaments is studied on the basis of tensile tests on a glass fiber textile left bare and impregnated with organic and inorganic matrices. The parameters studied are the fiber textile tensile strength and elastic modulus. Different systems, including the digital image correlation (DIC) technique, were employed to measure the specimen tensile strain. The results obtained shed light on the tensile strength of the glass textile, which is a key parameter in the design of glass FRCM strengthening.

Evaluation of some mechanical characterization and optimization of waste marble dust filled glass fiber reinforced polymer composite

In the present work, vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique is adopted to fabricate marble dust (0, 10, 20, 30 wt%) filled glass fiber with epoxy resin composite materials for analysis of some mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, inter-laminar shear strength (ILSS) and fracture toughness. The tensile strength of the unfilled polymer composite is around 430.76 MPa but on addition of marble dust in the composite the strength shows in a decreasing trend. While, the tensile modulus shows in an increasing order up to 20 wt% (3.85 GPa) marble dust filled composite initially compared with specimens (10 and 30 wt%). The strain at failure is found to be 8.45% for 30 wt% of marble dust filled composite and for unfilled composite the failure is 11.47%. The flexural strength and flexural modulus are showing improvement with the inclusion of marble dust up to 20 wt% in the composite, but in the inter laminar shear strength (ILSS) shows improvement up to 30 wt%. The critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and critical strain energy factor (GIC) values are found to be 12.91 MPa.m1/2 and 1.51 KJ m−2 respectively for 30 wt% marble dust filled composites. Finally, preference selection index (PSI) technique is implemented for attaining the best combination of physico-mechanical, thermo-mechanical and erosive wear properties of the composites.

Analysis of mechanical and tribological behavior of wood flour filled glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite

The present paper deals with the examination of mechanical and tribological behavior of glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite. Wood flour (WF) is added as filler in glass fiber (GF) and epoxy matrix material for the fabrication of composites. The Percentage of WF is varied from 2.5 wt% to 10 wt% keeping the glass fiber constant. The mechanical properties, water absorption and tribological behavior of fabricated composites evaluated. It was found that water uptake increases as the percentage of WF in the composite increases i.e. from 2.5 wt% to 10 wt% and it was least for neat GF reinforced epoxy composite. The composite of WF wt% of 7.5, absorb maximum energy and exhibited maximum strength. Moreover the wear rate increases as the percentage of WF in the composite increases. Present investigation also deals with the design of experiment (DOE). The DOE was carried out with the help of TOPSIS for the qualitative analysis and the ranking was done according to the order of preference.

The Influence of Alumina Filler on Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Properties of Bulk Moulding Compounds (BMCs) Composite

Bulk moulding compounds (BMCs) are composite materials of thermosetting polymer matrix reinforced by short glass fibers. BMCs have known as the alternative of the traditional materials thanks to their optimal properties such as lightweight, durability, corrosion under certain environment, formable, high electrical resistance... The previous study mentioned the process of manufacturing composite materials BMCs from unsaturated polyester resin reinforced with short glass fiber and CaCO3 filler by Z axis mixer and applying in the circuit breaker bottom, [1, 2]. To improve the thermal resistance of BMCs under high temperature condition in the industry, in this research, alumina filler was added to investigate the influence of alumina with the different content of 15wt.% and 20wt.% on the mechanical, thermal and electrical properties of BMCs. Specimens manufactured with and without alumina filler content were compared. The results show clearly that adding alumina could improve the thermal properties whereas this might decrease the tensile strength of BMCs. The experimental results also indicated the influence of mass fraction of alumina filler content on properties of BMCs.

Influence of milled glass fillers on the impact and compression after impact behavior of glass/epoxy composite laminates

The effects of milled glass fibre as fillers on the impact and post impact compression (CAI) behavior of glass/epoxy composite laminates is investigated. The milled glass fiber fillers 5% by weight of epoxy were incorporated into the glass/epoxy laminates by using ultra-sonication and mechanical stirring techniques then the results were compared with the baseline glass/epoxy laminate. The incident energy applied were 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 J. The glass filler loaded samples exhibited higher peak force than the baseline samples. The compression strength of Non-Impacted (NI) filler loaded samples was improved by 18% compared to the baseline samples. A good correlation between milled glass filler addition into the matrix of glass/epoxy composites and the improvement in impact damage and residual CAI behaviors were evident. The improved impact and CAI properties of milled glass filled composite indicate that this composite is a good candidate for load bearing applications.

Influence of the Glassfiber Filaments Distribution on Quality and Performance of Hole Processing on Printboards

The description of the basic material for the printboards production is given, its basic physical properties are formulated, the features of machining are shown and the range of problems that arise in this case is determined. We specified common mistakes that could lead to mass marriage in the manufacture of printboard assemblies. The structure and composition of base materials for the production of clad dielectric materials are described in this paper. An equation for calculating the maximum shear stress for a composite material is given. It is shown that nesting and, as a consequence, an increased content of glass fibers through a chain of interrelated factors affects the quality and reliability of the printboard operation and the entire product as a whole. In addition, the dense laying of fibers increases the cutting tool wear significantly. The article provides the technique of the base material choice depending on the distribution structure of glassfiber filaments on which the labor productivity, the quality, the cutter power and the manufacturing cost of the printboards depends.

Fiberglass Coating Technology for the Production of Water Attractions

The properties of reinforced polymer composite materials based on different types of polymer binders and glass fiber fillers were studied. The recipe and production technology were developed for articles made from fiberglass. This technology is based on a spraying assembly from the Glas Craft Company, combined with a chopper—a high-output cutting machine from the Greco Company. It is shown that the spray technology for producing from fiberglass, based on polyester resins and glass roving, large-size modules of water slides and other attractions for pools and water parks is technically sound and economically efficient.

Tribological properties of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites reinforced with different contents of glass and carbon fibers

PurposeThis purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carbon fiber (CF) and/or glass fiber (GF) fillers on the tribological behaviors of ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites to develop a high-performance water-lubricated journal bearing material.Design/methodology/approachTribological tests were conducted using a pin-on-disc tribometer using polished GCr15 steel pins against the UHMWPE composite discs under dry conditions with a contact pressure of 15 MPa and a sliding speed of 0.15 m/s. Scanning electron microscopy, laser 3D micro-imaging profile measurements and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used to analyze the morphologies and elemental distributions of the worn surfaces.FindingsThe results showed that hybrid CF and GF fillers effectively improved the wear resistance of the composites. The fiber fillers decreased the contact area, promoted transfer from the polymers and decreased the interlocking and plowing of material pairs, which contributed to the reduction of both the friction coefficient and the wear rate.Originality/valueThe UHMWPE composite containing 12.5 Wt.% CF and 12.5 Wt.% GF showed the best wear resistance of 2.61 × 10−5 mm3/(N·m) and the lower friction coefficient of 0.12 under heavy loading. In addition, the fillers changed the worn surface morphology and the wear mechanism of the composites.

Highly Retained Electric and Mechanical Traits in Micron-Sized Glass Fibers Filled Epoxy Composite Based on Heat-Oxygen Ageing

The epoxy based composite materials with a high ageing resistance property have attracted a wide attention in the field of high-electric-insulation electronic packaging. However, both of the highly retained electrical and mechanical performances are difficult to simultaneously achieve in composite materials once a longer heat-oxygen ageing at a high temperature is applied onto the materials. In order to realize the ageing-resistant high mechanical, electric breakdown and dielectric properties simultaneously in composite, in this work, an epoxy based composite filled with the high-insulation micron-sized glass fiber filler has been prepared, and its shock resistance strength, electric breakdown strength, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and conductivity after a severe heat-oxygen ageing have been investigated in detail, compared with that before the ageing. Although the ageing was operated at 150 °C for 25 days, the electric and mechanical properties of the composite were still finely retained, including 60% retention for shock resistance strength, 70% for breakdown strength, 80% for dielectric constant, dielectric loss below 0.1 and conductivity below 2 × 10−9 S cm−1. The epoxy matrix and glass fiber filler were responsible for the small decline and high retention for the properties in composite, respectively. This work might open the way for the large-scale preparation of the promising epoxy based composites with the highly retained ageing-resistant electric and mechanical properties based on incorporating the high-insulation fiber fillers.

Development of high gloss plastic for injection molding by utilizing wollastonite(CaSiO3) and talc fillers

The gloss of plastic products is an important factor with which customers rapidly and directly decide the value of product. In general, these high-gloss plastic molded parts are produced through the injection molding of glass fiber-added plastic resin using a high temperature mold with the fine surfaces like glass. However, making the mold temperature higher causes the cooling time of injection molding longer, and the prolongation of cooling time leads to the extension of whole cycle of injection molding process. In order to resolve this problem, we developed a resin which makes the high-gloss injection modeling possible at low mold temperature by replacing conventional glass fiber filler with wollastonite filler. The tensile strength, flexural strain, impact strength, flow rate, gloss level and so on of the developed resin were tested with respect to the content of wollastonite. The results show that most of the properties except for the flow rate and gloss level are reduced in the newly developed resin. However, the decline in these properties was not enough to limit the use of new resins. In the gloss level test, as for the equal gloss of injection molded parts, the mold temperature for the developed resin was 30 °C lower than the mold temperature for the conventional resin. The difference of gloss between two injection molded parts using two different resins has been confirmed from the surface inspection of injection molded parts by SEM (scanning electron microscope).

Strength Characteristics of the Filaments and a Basalt Fiber Roving at Different Clamping Lengths and Deformation Rates

The strength properties of filaments and a basalt fiber roving of industrial production were investigated at different clamping lengths and deformation rates. The deformation rate for filaments was varied from 1 to 20 mm/min, but the clamping lengths selected were 10, 20, 30, and 50 mm. No clamping-length-dependence of strength parameters of the roving in the range of 350-600 mm was detected. The results found for basalt fiber filaments were compared with published data for Kevlar29 aramid, T300 carbon, and Advantex glass fiber filaments.

Effect of fiber orientation on Mode-I delamination resistance of glass/epoxy laminates incorporated with milled glass fiber fillers

The present work is focused on improving the Mode-I delamination resistance of glass/epoxy composite laminates with milled glass fiber fillers. The influence of the interface fiber orientation and also the effect of fillers on the Mode-I interlaminar fracture toughness was experimentally investigated and the results were correlated with the baseline glass/epoxy samples. It was observed that the dispersion of milled glass fiber fillers by weight of 5% of the epoxy matrix into the resin rich domain improved the fracture toughness efficiently, in all the cases of interface fiber orientation. This improvement in interlaminar fracture toughness was due to additional toughening mechanisms through crack deflection, filler debonding, filler interlocking/bridging and filler pullout. The results showed that incorporation of milled glass fiber filler enhanced the GIC Initiation and GIC Propagation fracture toughness by 102% and 50% in 0–0° interply orientations over the baseline glass/epoxy samples. Besides, fracture surface analysis of the samples using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) indicates that the different damage mechanisms correspond to the deviation in fracture toughness.

Behavior of Recycled Polypropylene with Glass Fibers at Different Temperature and their Charpy Impact and Hardness Properties

The aim of this paper is to investigate the behavior of the recycled polymer containing the filler. The recycled polymer under investigation is polypropylene with a glass fiber filler. During grinding of plastic waste particles are formed which have a different size, shape and surface, from larger pieces to dust particles. Several recycled mixtures were made, all from original material. Samples with different particle size of recycled material were subsequently tested by mechanical testing. Included tests were Charpy impact test and Shore hardness test. Testing was conducted at different temperatures; ambient 23 °C and increased temperatures 60 ° and 100 °C. The results show a very large effect on Charpy properties and a lesser influence on the hardness of these mixtures. Mixture of smallest dust particles indicates larges change of measured properties.

Linear Dimensional Changes and Water Sorption of Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material Reinforced with Chopped Glass Fibers or Metal Fillers

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the linear dimensional changes, and water sorption of a denture base polymer reinforced with chopped glass fiber and metal filler. The dimensional changes were measured immediately after processing, after 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days of water storage. The results revealed that both types of reinforcement affect the dimensional accuracy and water sorption of the test specimens. The greatest dimensional accuracy was found with the glass fiber reinforced test specimens. The lowest amount of water sorption was found with the metal-filled test specimens. It was concluded that, metal fillers decreased the water sorption of the resin material greater than the effect of glass fibers, while the glass fibers showed marked reduction in the linear dimensional changes of acrylic resin than that of the metal fillers. The glass fibers and metal fillers can be clinically used as a denture base reinforcement.

Damping Analysis on Hybrid of Natural Rubber Particle and Epoxy Filled Glass Fiber Composites

Damping Analysis on Hybrid of Natural Rubber Particle and Epoxy Filled Glass Fiber Composites

Physicochemical properties of discontinuous S2-glass fiber reinforced resin composite.

The objective of this study was to investigate several physicochemical properties of an experimental discontinuous S2-glass fiber-reinforced resin composite. The experimental composite was prepared by mixing 10 wt% of discontinuous S2-glass fibers with 27.5 wt% of resin matrix and 62.5 wt% of particulate fillers. Flexural strength (FS) and modulus (FM), fracture toughness (FT), work of fracture (WOF), double bond conversion (DC), Vickers hardness, volume shrinkage (VS) and fiber length distribution were determined. These were compared with two commercial resin composites. The experimental composite showed the highest FS, WOF and FT compared with two control composites. The DC of the experimental composite was comparable with controls. No significant difference was observed in VS between the three tested composites. The use of discontinuous glass fiber fillers with polymer matrix and particulate fillers yielded improved physical properties and substantial improvement was associated with the use of S2-glass fiber.

Mechanical properties of the compositions based on biopolyamide-1010 modified by carbon, glass, and cellulose chopped fibers

The influence of chopped cellulose, carbon, and glass fiber fillers on the physicomechanical properties of biopolyamide-1010-based compositions is studied. The properties of the composites filled with carbon fibers are shown to be improved when a combination of carbon fibers with short cellulose fibers is used.