File Transmission Research Articles

Retraction Note: MLPD: a multi-layer protection with deduplication technique to preserve audio file transmission over the public domain

Retraction Note: MLPD: a multi-layer protection with deduplication technique to preserve audio file transmission over the public domain

The Effect of In-person and Online Training on Learning Jump Rope Skills in Girl Students

Background: In situations with physical limitations, combining online and in-person methods with a greater focus on practical exercises, feedback, and maintaining motivation and commitment to learning may be the best approach. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of two educational methods— in-person training and online training— on learning jump rope skills. Methods: Forty fourth-grade girl students were randomly assigned to two groups: In-person training and online training. Initially, participants took a pre-test that involved performing the basic single jump technique (BSJT) for 30 seconds. The online class was conducted on Iran's official educational platform, a messaging service that allows for the transmission of audio, video, and text files, as well as live calls. The in-person group received all instructions with the same content in person. Immediately after completing eight 45-minute instructional sessions, a post-test similar to the pre-test was administered. One week after the acquisition sessions, a retention test for 10 other jump rope techniques was conducted within a 30-second time frame, and the average score was calculated for each participant. Results: The results showed a significant main effect of the group, with the overall performance of the in-person group being better than that of the online group. Participants' scores in BSJT improved from the pre-test to the post-test. A significant difference was observed between the in-person and online groups in the retention test. Conclusions: In-person training appears to be generally more effective than online training for improving jump rope skills. While online training can be effective for mastering and consolidating previously learned skills, in-person training is preferable for learning and mastering more complex techniques.

Encrypted Access Mapping in a Distinctly Routed Optimized Immune System to Prevent DoS Attack Variants in VANET Architecture

The use of vehicle ad hoc networks (VANET) is increasing, VANET is a network in which two or more vehicles communicate with each other. The VANET architecture is vulnerable to various attacks, such as DoS and DDoS attacks hence various strategies were previously employed to combat these attacks, but the presence of end-to-end transparency and N-to-1 mapping of different IP addresses create failure in the blockage and not able to determine the twelve variants of DDoS attacks hence a novel technique, Encrypted Access Hex-tuple Mapping Attack detection was proposed, which uses triple random hyperbolic encryption, which performs triple random encoding to encrypt traffic signals and obtains the public key by plotting random values in hyperbola to strengthen the access control in the middlebox and Deep auto sparse impasse NN is used to detect twelve variant DDoS attacks in the VANET architecture. Moreover, to provide immunity against attack, the existing approach uses various artificial immune systems to prevent DDoS attacks but the selection of positive and negative clusters generates too many indicator packets. Hence a novel technique, Stable Automatic Optimized Cache Routing proposed, which uses a Deep trust factorization NN to detect irrational nodes without requiring prior negotiation about local outliner factor and direct evidence by automatically extracting trust factors of each node to manage the packet flows and detecting transmission of dangerous malware files in the network to prevent various types of hybrid DDoS attacks at VANET architecture. The proposed model is implemented in NS-3 to detect and prevent hybrid DDoS attacks.

Through-Ice Acoustic Communication for Ocean Worlds Exploration.

Subsurface exploration of ice-covered planets and moons presents communications challenges because of the need to communicate through kilometers of ice. The objective of this task is to develop the capability to wirelessly communicate through kilometers of ice and thus complement the potentially failure-prone tethers deployed behind an ice-penetrating probe on Ocean Worlds. In this paper, the preliminary work on the development of wireless deep-ice communication is presented and discussed. The communication test and acoustic attenuation measurements in ice have been made by embedding acoustic transceivers in glacial ice at the Matanuska Glacier, Anchorage, Alaska. Field test results show that acoustic communication is viable through ice, demonstrating the transmission of data and image files in the 13-18 kHz band over 100 m. The results suggest that communication over many kilometers of ice thickness could be feasible by employing reduced transmitting frequencies around 1 kHz, though future work is needed to better constrain the likely acoustic attenuation properties through a refrozen borehole.

Architecture and design of a remote operation and maintenance master station for power equipment

The study aims to alleviate the pressure of operation and maintenance of primary and secondary power equipment and improve the work efficiency of operation and maintenance personnel. It explores the early elimination of safety hazards in power equipment and hopes to ensure the safe operation of the power grid. This article designs a remote operation and maintenance master station architecture for power equipment, through specialized power operation and maintenance communication protocols and file transmission methods. It summarizes data to the operation and maintenance master station. The data is then analyzed and processed. The operation and maintenance personnel of equipment with safety hazards are promptly notified. Further, the study distinguishes whether faulty equipment needs on-site operation and maintenance through intelligent technology. It provides remote operation and maintenance functions for power equipment. It reduces the number of on-site operations and maintenance personnel. It improves the level of refined management and operation and maintenance capabilities of equipment. The study has a certain reference value for remote operation and maintenance technology of power equipment.

Robust and secure file transmission through video streaming using steganography and blockchain

Robust and secure file transmission through video streaming using steganography and blockchain

A novel coalition game based distributed cooperative content caching in mobile edge networks

In mobile edge networks with mobile vehicles, road-side units (RSUs) can be used as edge nodes to cache some popular contents for moving vehicles in advance, and therefore improving the transmission efficiency and quality of user experience during vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) content communication. Transferring large files to a fast-moving car is a challenging task because of the limited communication time between the vehicle and the RSU. In this paper, we propose a cooperative content placement model for RSUs, in which multiple RSUs can jointly complete the cache and transmission of large files, so that the vehicle users can obtain the target content in the process of high-speed movement. To form cooperative coalitions between RSUs and place as much content as possible, a novel coalition game based distributed cooperative content caching scheme, namely CGD3C, is proposed, in which an RSU cooperative clustering algorithm and a resource balancing based coalition formation algorithm is proposed to merge and split the coalitions, so as to obtain a stable coalition structure. Finally, a cooperative content caching determination algorithm is proposed to determine the content placement with objective of maximizing the current interests. Our simulation results show that our proposed CGD3C can achieve stable and effective content delivery for high-speed moving vehicles, form an optimal RSU coalition structure independently, as well as improve the profit by 15%, the caching resource utilization by 24%, and the request hit rate by 12% on average in comparison with existing schemes.

Network Coding for Efficient File Transfer in Narrowband Environments

Achieving efficient end-to-end file transfer is challenging in a narrow-band communication environment with high latency and high packet loss rate. The traditional TCP-based scheme and the UDP-based automatic retransmission scheme have defects in the transmission performance, which cannot meet the increasing user demands. This paper proposes a high-efficiency file transfer scheme based on random linear network coding and the Kalman filtering algorithm to implement efficient end-to-end file transfer in narrow-band environment. The scheme predicts the link quality of file transmission through the Kalman filter algorithm and designs an adaptive coding strategy for file transfer through random linear network coding. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms traditional file transfer schemes.

Robust PDF Watermarking against Print-Scan Attack.

Portable document format (PDF) files are widely used in file transmission, exchange, and circulation because of their platform independence, small size, good browsing quality, and the ability to place hyperlinks. However, their security issues are also more thorny. It is common to distribute printed PDF files to different groups and individuals after printing. However, most PDF watermarking algorithms currently cannot resist print-scan attacks, making it difficult to apply them in leak tracing of both paper and scanned versions of PDF documents. To tackle this issue, we propose an invisible digital watermarking technology based on modifying the edge pixels of text strokes to hide information in PDFs, which achieves high robustness to print-scan attacks. Moreover, it cannot be detected by human perception systems. This method focuses on the representation of text by embedding watermarks by changing the features of the text to ensure that changes in these features can be reflected in the scanned PDF after printing. We first segment each text line into two sub-blocks, then select the row of pixels with the most black pixels, and flip the edge pixels closest to this row. This method requires the participation of original PDF documents in detection. The experimental results show that all peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) values of our proposed method exceed 32 dB, which indicates satisfactory invisibility. Meanwhile, this method can extract the hidden information with 100% accuracy under the JPEG compression attack, and has high robustness against noise attacks and print-scan attacks. In the case of no attacks, the watermark can be recovered without any loss. In terms of practical applications, our method can be applied in the practical leak tracing of official paper documents after distribution.

Architecture of Hardware and Software for Unidirectional Data Transmission in Computer Networks

The results of a study of the architecture of hardware and software for unidirectional data transmission in computer networks are presented. The architecture is presented in the form of optical galvanic isolation, media converters and proxy servers, excluding bidirectional data transmission at the hardware level. Work on unidirectional data transmission is carried out on the basis of the UDP transport protocol, which provides operation without establishing bidirectional interaction. Unidirectional data transfer is carried out by a proxy server running a special sender’s software that performs unidirectional data file transfer. This software converts the source data file into a unidirectional stream of UDP datagrams. To receive a unidirectional stream of UDP datagrams, a proxy server is used, on which the recipient’s special software is running. The receiving proxy server receives, processes and generates the source data file. The reliability of the unidirectional transmission of data files is ensured by redundancy (multiple transmission) and checksum verification.

Proposed Method for Efficient Block Cipher Cryptography

After the use of the Internet and the transmission of files between users expanded, information security became one of the important priorities for securing information by different means and methods. The information encryption comes at the forefront of the techniques used in information security. Encryption has been known since ancient ages. So, traditional methods appeared that quickly and greatly developed. They are still used in many scientific studies and developmental research with the aim of developing new methods for encryption of substitutions and increasing its ability to confront various attacks. The traditional methods were subjected to several attacks that they prompted researchers to develop them and overcome their weaknesses in front of those attacks. Some combinations of these methods are used to design new encryption methods based on overlapping ideas of traditional encryption. This paper sought to use a set of traditional encryption methods in designing a new system. In which, these methods are mixed with modern ideas that help increase the strength of encryption and its ability to face potential attacks. Caesar, Vigenère, Rail Fence, and transpose ciphers, with the idea of cipher cycles and segments and division into two parts in block ciphers. The proposed system relied on the chaotic function Tent map for its random properties in generating a string of keys consisting of 112 random characters in length using Python 3.11 programming language. The text was cut into Blocks of 108 characters. Each Block was divided into two parts. A part of the key was added to each section. A rial fence method was applied. Then Vigenère method with the key is applied. The proposed system processed the original text within the framework of the encryption cycles with the use of substitution in the order of the columns, shifting to the right, and the replacement of the sequence of the elements of each side according to the order of the elements of the other side. After the end of the encrypting cycles, the cipher block is added to the final ciphertext. The operations were repeated for the next block until the last block is finished. For the purpose of decrypting, the previous operations are repeated in reverse order to obtain the original text, by decrypting blocks of the cipher text. The proposed system achieved extreme accuracy in extracting the original text. The system was evaluated by measuring the time and throughput of the encryption and decryption. The encryption and decryption times were short for short texts, which increased with the increase in the length of the text, with a relatively stable encryption and decryption throughput. The system achieved acceptable memory consumption in short texts but increased by the length of the text size. The achieved Avalanche test was less than (50%).

Analysis and optimization on partition-based caching and delivery in satellite-terrestrial edge computing networks

As a viable component of 6G wireless communication architecture, satellite-terrestrial networks support efficient file delivery by leveraging the innate broadcast ability of satellite and the enhanced powerful file transmission approaches of multi-tier terrestrial networks. In the paper, we introduce edge computing technology into the satellite-terrestrial network and propose a partition-based cache and delivery strategy to make full use of the integrated resources and reducing the backhaul load. Focusing on the interference effect from varied nodes in different geographical distances, we derive the file successful transmission probability of the typical user and by utilizing the tool of stochastic geometry. Considering the constraint of nodes cache space and file sets parameters, we propose a near-optimal partition-based cache and delivery strategy by optimizing the asymptotic successful transmission probability of the typical user. The complex nonlinear programming problem is settled by jointly utilizing standard particle-based swarm optimization (PSO) method and greedy based multiple knapsack choice problem (MKCP) optimization method. Numerical results show that compared with the terrestrial only cache strategy, Ground Popular Strategy, Satellite Popular Strategy, and Independent and identically distributed popularity strategy, the performance of the proposed scheme improve by 30.5%, 9.3%, 12.5% and 13.7%.

Implementing RSA algorithm for network security using dual prime secure protocol in crypt analysis

Cryptography is the most important approach for secure communication. Demonstrating security is well experimented with RSA algorithm. RSA algorithm is used to monitor hackers and to change transpositions. In the original RSA crypto mechanism, the user uses the RSA (DPSP) algorithmic program and generates dual prime pairs for the encrypted messages that are sorted priority-wise, translate and rotate the intractable algorithm to obtain essential security enhancement. This methodology reduces a danger of man-in-middle attacks. RSA (DPSP) algorithm is mainly applied for distributing the data with different environment. In securing RSA (DPSP) for secure file transmission, there are several cases wherever we would like secure file transmission to avoid any kind of attack from intruders to process the location with approachable positions to represent with proper identifications of a system. In RSA (DPSP) algorithm, the most important key representation is symmetrical random key of crypto mechanism.

Secured file transmission in knowledge management-cloud

Secured file transmission in knowledge management-cloud

Secured file transmission in knowledge management-cloud

The victory of an organisation is primarily depending on continuous investment learning as well as obtaining some or more new knowledge which creates new business and improve and enhances new performance and techniques. So, this knowledge management should be resulting to more succeeding, or even greater than that of organisations objectives. As per modern methodologies and also paradigms came and emerged, new techniques and efforts should be made in businesses to clearly in line with them, specifically in the area of knowledge management. Nowadays, more popular and efficient one is cloud computing paradigm, because of its less cost, time and efforts to fulfil the need for software development. Also, it gives an excellent measures and ways to collect and reallocate knowledge. Let us discuss the risk factors in utilising cloud computing in the field of knowledge management systems and their solutions.

Hydra: A Decentralized File System for Persistent Memory and RDMA Networks

Emerging byte-addressable persistent memory (PM) has the potential to disrupt the boundary between memory and storage. Combined with high-speed RDMA networks, distributed PM-based storage systems offer the opportunity to provide huge increases in storage performance by closely coupling PM and RDMA features. However, existing distributed file systems adopt the conventional centralized client-server architecture designed for traditional disks, leading to excessive access latency, limited scalability, and high recovery overhead. In this paper, we propose a fully decentralized PM-based file system, Hydra. By exploiting the performance advantages of local PM, Hydra leverages data access locality to achieve high performance. To accelerate file transmission among Hydra nodes, file metadata and data are decoupled and updated differentially through one-sided RDMA reads. Hydra also batches RDMA requests and classifies RPCs into synchronous and asynchronous types to minimize network overhead. Decentralization enables Hydra to tolerate node failures and achieve load balancing. Experimental results show that Hydra outperforms existing distributed file systems by a large margin, and shows good scalability on multi-threaded and parallel workloads.

WDM-RoFSO transmission: Demonstration based on IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard

We show two experiment setups to verify the applicability of WDM (wavelength division multiplexing)-RoFSO (Radio-over-Free-Space Optics) system: (i) transmission of images files following the data format of IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network; (ii) robust performance analysis of bit error rate for on–off keying signal at a speed of 10 Gbps. Specifically, it is shown that, for 100 m indoor transmission, our testbed satisfies an error-free condition of BER ≤10−12, achieving a total data rate of 20 Gbps. In this paper, we contribute to the evaluation of the practical FSO measurement data by providing experimental measurements.

Effect of decompression and online transmission on the dimensional changes of .stl files generated by intra-oral scanning.

Intraoral scans became part of the virtual planning in Dentistry. In the new scenario of digital workflows, dental clinics and laboratories had to establish an online communication that requires the compression, decompression, and transmission of 3D files. Knowledge about the effects of these procedures on the dimensional properties of the files is fundamental to ensure a more realistic virtual planning. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of 3D file compression, decompression, and online transmission on the dimensional properties of dental models from intraoral scanning. Intraoral scan files in.stl format of 50 patients were selected from the database of a dental radiology clinic, with 25 of these patients with mixed dentition and 25 with permanent dentition. The maxilla and mandible scans of each patient were included in the study, generating a total of 100 files. A folder with the 100 files was created and replicated six times with different labels (A, B, C, D, E, F), totaling a sample number of 600 files. Folder A was compressed by WinZip and then decompressed. Folder B went through the same process, but the step of compression and decompression by WinZip was repeated 10 times. The folders C, D, E, F were sent, respectively, through the platforms WeTransfer, Dropbox, Google Drive, and OneDrive, then each of them was downloaded in their respective platforms. After the six folders went through the compression process and were sent by the platforms, each file in the folder was compared with its original file by superimposing the 3D images and identifying the dimensional deviation in the compressed file in relation to the original file. We observed that there were no differences between the six groups regarding dimensional changes from the compression, decompression and online transmission processes. The lack of dimensional changes was observed for the sets of permanent and deciduous. teeth We concluded that it is possible to compress, decompress, and transfer.stl format files online without causing dimensional distortions in the 3D model.

Research on Speech Coding Technology Based on Nonlinear System Theory in in AI-Based Disease Detection

In order to minimize the redundancy of speech decoding and realize the reliable transmission of speech data files, a speech coding method based on nonlinear system theory is proposed. Through pitch extraction, the residual harmonic spectrum condition of speech data information is calculated, and then combined with error correction coding technology, the speech feature analysis based on nonlinear system theory is realized. On this basis, the full search vector quantizer is set to suppress the noise parameters. According to the synthesis standard of speech coding information, the smooth application of speech coding technology based on nonlinear system theory is realized. The experimental results shows that, compared with MELP coding principle, the above coding technology can fully reduce the decoding redundancy level of voice information, realize the synchronous transmission of serial and parallel voice information, and better guarantee the reliable transmission environment of voice data files.

Size-Based Congestion Control Using Network Utility Maximization

This article presents a method for allocating transmission rates in a communication network that uses the knowledge of the size of the file to be transmitted to seek to obtain the benefits of shortest remaining processing time (SRPT) scheduling. It provides fairness among file transmissions, taking into account their sizes and the congestion on the links they use. The proposed approach is based on network utility maximization (NUM), but with utility functions that vary in time depending on the remaining file size. A parameterized family of utility functions is proposed. For each value of the parameter, there is a threshold load such that an arbitrary network will be stable, provided that no link load exceeds that threshold. This is in contrast with SRPT, for which any nonzero load becomes unstable for topologies with sufficiently long paths. The method can be implemented by a distributed algorithm analogous to that of traditional NUM.