Fifth Of Respondents Research Articles

Receipt of treatment among a nationally representative sample of US adults with communication disorders

IntroductionA robust body of literature exists on clinical research outcomes for persons with communication disorders (CD). Comparatively few studies have examined population-based health service outcomes for CD-related services, which capture persons with CDs who may not be part of clinical or administrative data. This is important to describe access to treatment and the factors impacting access. We address this gap, describing four CD-related healthcare outcomes among adults reporting problems with communication (voice, speech, and language): (1) utilization, (2) utilization determinants, (3) professionals providing CD care, and (4) patient-reported service-related outcomes. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults (≥18 years) in the US self-reporting CD on the nationally representative 2012 National Health Interview Survey. Separate analyses examined adults with voice (n = 1,323), speech (n = 658), and language (n = 396) disorders. We used survey weighted logistic regression to assess the likelihood of treatment, controlling for health, disorder, and sociodemographic characteristics; Pearson's chi square was calculated for other outcomes. ResultsAn estimated 10% of adults reporting CD described receiving care addressing their CD. Employment, sociodemographic and economic status, health insurance, level of severity, and presence of co-occurring CD were associated with receiving treatment. Over half of respondents with speech and language disorders and less than a fifth of respondents with voice disorders reported receiving care from speech-language pathologists. Adults who received CD-related services reported improvements in activities (52–69% overall) and CD (33–48% overall). ConclusionsThis population-based study shows that general access to CD services is low. Underserved populations have less access to treatment than their counterparts with more resources. Improving access to CD services requires creative interventions addressing patient and provider needs, as well as healthcare system design. Population-based follow-up studies are necessary to track progress toward improving access to care.

Sociocultural Dynamics of Perception of Italian Brands in Russia

Introduction. This article analyzes the specifics of the perception of Italian brands in Russia. The starting point in the paper is the understanding that the evolution of Italian culture and the image of Italy itself has led to the perception of this phenomenon through the prism of both its numerous attributes and Italian brands in particular. Today Italy is associated with national cuisine, culture and historical heritage.From a sociological perspective, brands are an important resource for the representation of national culture, especially for foreign consumers. To date, however, there has been little research into how this culture is transmitted through brands to society. In particular, little attention has so far been paid to studying the perception of brands and their relationship to the national culture of the country they represent.The socio-cultural perspective of the study implies an examination of the dynamics of attitudes towards Italian brands, reflecting the variability of society itself.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis is an interdisciplinary approach to the problem of studying and analyzing brands. The main research method in the work is the Internet survey. Thus, based on the theoretical concepts on the study of brands in sociology, in April 2020 on the platform ”Google Form” the authors conducted an empirical study. The purpose of this research was to conduct an online survey to identify the attitudes of Russian respondents towards Italian brands. The results of the sociological research conducted in the form of a questionnaire survey are presented. The sample type was random with the number of 150 respondents.Results and discussion. According to the survey results, the main associations associated with the image of Italy are: Italian food, holidays, fashion and historical heritage. At the same time, about one fifth of respondents are not familiar with any of the Italian brands or cannot name them. Among those familiar with Italian brands, 80 % responded that they know Gucci, Fendi, Valentino, Versace, Moschino, Giorgio Armani, Prada, Roberto Cavalli, Dolce & Gabbana, Lamborghini, Maserati and Ferrari.One of the key findings of the study was the conclusion that brand perception today is not directly related to its country of origin. The brand does not always represent the country, becoming multicultural. The socio-cultural model of consumption is changing, and the understanding of the Italian brand is divorced from the cultural foundation from which it originated.Conclusion. In general, the authors of the article come to the conclusion that the perception of Italian brands in Russia is conditioned by the specifics of sociocultural development. In the early nineties, when the country had just opened up to Western brands, it was vital for the consumer to purchase products from well-known brands, in particular the «Made in Italy» category, firmly associated with the country of origin. Today, in the context of globalization and multiculturalism, many brands have lost their national identity, and for the consumer the consumer properties of the product come first, and not the brand itself.

Research of ethics and deontological aspects in pharmacies

The aim of the study was to study the ethical and deontological aspects related to the professional activities of pharmacists. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal of the study, an analysis of scientific sources on ethical and deontological issues related to the professional activities of pharmacists (pharmacists) was carried. During the research, the methods of information search, systematization, comparison, and generalization, as well as sociological research methods were used. The object of the study was the results of questionnaires and interviews of visitors and employees of pharmacy chains of KP “Prymula”; pharmacy chains that are part of the company “Apteka-Mahnoliia”: Pharmacy ANC, Kopiika and pharmacies of the social project “Blahodiia”; pharmacy chains that are part of the company Med-service. Descriptive statistics methods were used to present the obtained data. To determine the significance of individual factors (Wij), obtained because of the questionnaire are listed to the corresponding specific weight of the component. Results. The systematization of the following factors: which determine the quality of service; related to the purchase of drugs (medicines); which determine the priority of qualities of pharmacies; determining the relationship between a pharmacist and a doctor. It was found that the most negative impact on pharmacy visitors, from the point of view of consumers, was the inattention of the pharmacist, his mistakes, irritability, rudeness, incompetence, as well as the high price of drugs, queues, and slow service. From the point of view of pharmacists, pharmacy visitors were most negatively affected by rudeness, incompetence of pharmacy employees, irritability, the price of drugs, the range of drugs, the presence of queues, and slow service. The results of the assessment of the parameters that determine the relationship between the pharmacist and the doctor showed that, in general, pharmacists maintain the authority of the doctor in the eyes of visitors and, along with the latter, carry out educational work among the population. However, a fifth of respondents assume the functions of a doctor, which is completely unacceptable. Using the technology of sociological survey, the analysis was carried out and, based on ranking, the leading rational and emotional factors that form loyalty for certain segments of the professional activity of pharmacies using ethical and deontological principles were identified. Conclusions. The systematization of the following factors: which determine the quality of service; related to the purchase of drugs that cause dissatisfaction; which determine the dissatisfaction of visitors to pharmacies; which determine the priority of qualities of pharmacies; determining the relationship between pharmacist and doctor. Using the technology of sociological survey, the analysis was carried out and, based on ranking, the leading rational and emotional factors that form loyalty for certain segments of the professional activity of pharmacies using ethical and deontological principles were identified. It is established that the views on consumer dissatisfaction with visiting pharmacies differ insignificantly from the views of pharmacists. Pharmacist visitors are most negatively affected by the inattention and rudeness of the pharmacist, the high price of drugs, the presence of queues and slow service. It is established that, in general, pharmacists maintain the authority of the doctor in the eyes of visitors and, along with the latter, conduct educational work among the population.

Discrimination in the surgical discipline: an international European evaluation (DISDAIN).

BackgroundNegative workplace experiences (NWPEs), such as gender discrimination, bullying, sexual harassment and ethnic discrimination, are concerns in today’s surgical society. These negative experiences potentially impair surgeons’ performance and might impact patient care or outcomes negatively. This study aimed to assess the experience of NWPEs across the European surgical workforce.MethodsA prospective online 34-point questionnaire was designed using a combination of Likert scale, multiple-choice and short-answer questions. Invitations were distributed through surgical associations via email/social media between 1 September and 15 November 2019. Data were analysed using non-parametric methods.ResultsSome 840 complete responses were included in the analysis. The distribution across genders and stage of surgical training was even. Of the respondents, 20 per cent (168 respondents) considered quitting their job, 4.5 per cent (38) took time off and 0.5% (4) left surgery due to NWPEs; 12.9 per cent of females and 4.4 per cent of males experienced some form of physical harassment. Females and those in training were significantly more likely to experience or witness gender discrimination and sexual harassment. Just over half of the respondents (448) did not report negative experiences, with most of these (375 respondents) being unaware of whom to report to. Nearly a fifth of respondents felt that NWPEs influenced patient care or outcomes negatively.ConclusionNWPEs were frequent, especially among females and those in training. While a substantial proportion of respondents experienced physical harassment, many individuals were unaware of how to raise concerns. Adverse effects on patient outcomes, surgical training and workforce retention indicate a need for urgent action.

A national cross-sectional survey investigating the use of endoscopic ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of oesophageal cancer in the UK

To evaluate variation in the pre-pandemic use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for oesophageal cancer diagnosis and treatment planning up to 2019, and which factors contributed to this. A UK-wide online survey of oesophagogastric multidisciplinary team lead clinicians was undertaken to determine perceptions towards, and the use of, EUS to aid staging and treatment planning in oesophageal cancer. Thirty-five responses were received, representing 97 UK National Health Service Trusts/Health Boards. A majority of centres (n=21, 60%) did not have formal written guidance for EUS use. Although all respondents had access to EUS, a perceived lack of utility (n=7) and concerns about delaying treatment start dates (n=8) each restricted EUS use for a fifth of respondents. For most centres (n=24, 68.6%), EUS use is case-specific, whereas for 10 (28.6%) EUS is used for all patients with potentially curable disease. A majority of centres use diagnostic positron-emission tomography for radiotherapy target volume delineation (TVD), whereas 22 (62.9%) use EUS. The factors contributing to decisions to use EUS for staging, TVD and surgical planning varied between centres. The proportion of centre respondents who would request EUS in each of six clinical scenarios varied considerably. There were substantial differences in the patient and disease characteristics that are perceived to be indications for EUS use for both staging and treatment planning. Research to clarify in which patients with oesophageal cancer EUS affords benefit is required, as is urgent standardisation of its role in the diagnostic pathway.

The impact of COVID-19 on epilepsy care: Perspectives from UK healthcare workers.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an immense pressure on healthcare providers, resulting in a shift to remote consultations and the redeployment of healthcare workers (HCWs). We present survey data from the United Kingdom (UK) HCWs to outline how changes in healthcare provision impact clinicians' wellbeing and ability to provide adequate care. We designed an online survey to gather the experiences of HCWs providing care to people with epilepsy. We received seventy-nine responses from UK-based HCWs, of whom 43% reported an impact on their mental health. Changes to service delivery have resulted in 71% of clinicians performing>75% of their consultations remotely. Diagnosing and treating epilepsy has changed, with a fifth of respondents being significantly less confident in diagnosing epilepsy. Ultimately, these results show that COVID-19 has had an overall negative impact on HCWs and their ability to provide epilepsy care. These results must be considered when reorganizing health services to ensure optimal outcomes for people with epilepsy.

Effectiveness of social advertisements in promoting adoption of selected health and hygiene practices

The present study was conducted with the objective to assess the effectiveness of social advertisements in promoting adoption of selected health and hygiene practices. The study was conducted in purposively selected two districts of Punjab, India i.e. Gurdaspur and Ludhiana. Total eight villages from four selected blocks of selected districts were randomly selected. From each of the selected village 20 rural women were selected randomly. So, in total 160 respondents made a sample for data collection. The most frequently telecasted five government sponsored social advertisements during the month of June, 2017 on Swach Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India campaign), use of ORS/Zinc during diarrhoea, pregnancy check-up, immunization and breast feeding were selected after consultation with experts. Data was collected using pre-tested structured interview schedule. The effectiveness of social advertisement was assessed in terms of adoption stages i.e. awareness, interest and adoption of health and hygiene practices. The findings revealed that the advertisement of Swach Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India campaign) helped 91.25 per cent respondents to adopt the practice of keeping the environment clean. Most of the respondents i.e. 83.13 per cent immunized their children below 5 years of age. Majority of the respondents (66.38%) were at adoption stage of exclusive breast feeding of infants for first 6 months. Nearly half of the respondents (48.13%) were at the interest stage of adopting the practice of check-up of pregnant women. Nearly two fifth of respondents (42.50%) were at adoption stage of using ORS/Zinc during diarrhoea. It can be concluded that social advertisement plays a significant role in influencing people to adopt health and hygiene practices. It is suggested that more emphasis should be given to produce good social advertisement on different issues to promote adoption of better and improved health and hygiene practices.

Awareness of russian doctors about autism spectrum disorders (results of sociological research)

Aim.Identification of awareness in doctors of different specialties (pediatricians, child psychiatrists, neurologists) on a wide range of issues of diagnosis, etiology, therapy of children with ASD.
 Methods.There was a survey conducted on the authors questionnaire. It was answered by 400doctors working in the large, medium, and small cities and towns in 35subjects of the Russian Federation, representing all Federal districts. In the sample there were pediatricians (53%), psychiatrists (24.2%), neurologists (14.7%), 8.2% did not specify a specialty. 89.2% of respondents are women and 10.2% are men.
 Results.70% of doctors believe that the number of children with ASD has increased dramatically in recent years. A fifth of respondents found it difficult to answer, 10% said that the number remained the same. The distribution of responses to the question by the profile of specialists indicates the relationship of variables. Neuropathologists and psychiatrists more often chose the answer option increased sharply (2=32.528, p0.01). The distribution of different specialists opinions on the factors that cause changes in the number of children with ASD in society did not have statistically significant differences. About 40% of pediatricians, neurologists, psychiatrists, and other doctors chose the factors improvement of quality in diagnostic procedures and increasing availability of medical care; about a third noted reducing child mortality and, as a result, increasing diversity, about a quarter chose an environmental impact, changing the rules of medical statistics. It is alarming that when asked about the impact of vaccinations on the occurrence of autism, only 46.9% indicated that this is a myth, about 2.8% indicated that autism is a reaction to vaccination, the majority of respondents (50.3%) chose the option that there is not enough data in medicine to confirm or disprove this position.
 Conclusions.The results of the study allow us to conclude that it is necessary to increase the awareness of doctors about the current state of research on the problem of ASD. Educational programs are needed taking into account not only medical data but also approaches developed in the social Sciences.

Special teachers and the use of co-teaching in Swedish-speaking schools in Finland

ABSTRACT Co-teaching has been highlighted as a possible response to classroom diversity. This study investigated the use of co-teaching by general education teachers and special teachers in Swedish-speaking schools in Finland. The data consisted of special teachers’ (N = 126) responses to a questionnaire. On average, the respondents co-taught for 13% of the time. However, nearly a fifth of respondents did not use co-teaching at all, while sixth of them used it for 30–50% of the time. Most of the respondents co-taught for less than 30% of the time. Co-teaching was more common during Swedish and mathematics lessons than during lessons for other subjects. A significantly higher number of respondents used co-teaching during Swedish lessons in primary schools than in lower secondary schools. Parallel teaching was found to be the most common method of co-teaching. Although the results indicated that co-teaching was more common among respondents who had recently received their special education certification, this difference was not statistically significant. Similarly, no significant differences were found among respondents who worked in different regions, at different school levels or in schools of different sizes. The possible reasons for the differences between the respondents with regard to their time spent co-teaching are discussed.

Effectiveness of social advertisements in promoting adoption of selected health and hygiene practices

The present study was conducted with the objective to assess the effectiveness of social advertisements in promoting adoption of selected health and hygiene practices. The study was conducted in purposively selected two districts of Punjab, India i.e. Gurdaspur and Ludhiana. Total eight villages from four selected blocks of selected districts were randomly selected. From each of the selected village 20 rural women were selected randomly. So, in total 160 respondents made a sample for data collection. The most frequently telecasted five government sponsored social advertisements during the month of June, 2017 on Swach Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India campaign), use of ORS/Zinc during diarrhoea, pregnancy check-up, immunization and breast feeding were selected after consultation with experts. Data was collected using pre-tested structured interview schedule. The effectiveness of social advertisement was assessed in terms of adoption stages i.e. awareness, interest and adoption of health and hygiene practices. The findings revealed that the advertisement of Swach Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India campaign) helped 91.25 per cent respondents to adopt the practice of keeping the environment clean. Most of the respondents i.e. 83.13 per cent immunized their children below 5 years of age. Majority of the respondents (66.38%) were at adoption stage of exclusive breast feeding of infants for first 6 months. Nearly half of the respondents (48.13%) were at the interest stage of adopting the practice of check-up of pregnant women. Nearly two fifth of respondents (42.50%) were at adoption stage of using ORS/Zinc during diarrhoea. It can be concluded that social advertisement plays a significant role in influencing people to adopt health and hygiene practices. It is suggested that more emphasis should be given to produce good social advertisement on different issues to promote adoption of better and improved health and hygiene practices.

Empatia pracowników socjalnych i konstruktywne radzenie sobie przez nich ze stresem jako istotne zasoby warunkujące efektywność ich pracy zawodowej. Badanie pilotażowe

<p>Pracownik socjalny wykonuje jeden z tych zawodów, w których wymagane jest zaangażowanie emocjonalne w problemy innych ludzi, nieposiadających wystarczających umiejętności samodzielnego funkcjonowania na wysokim poziomie psychospołecznym lub/i fizycznym. Oznacza to, że powinien być osobą empatyczną i wrażliwą na potrzeby swoich klientów. Z drugiej strony permanentne doświadczanie negatywnych emocji przeżywanych przez osoby wspierane wyzwala stres, z którym musi nauczyć się radzić w sposób konstruktywny, koncentrując się na wykonywaniu zadań zawodowych, a nie na doznawanych emocjach. Dlatego uznano, że zarówno empatia, jak i konstruktywne sposoby radzenia sobie ze stresem stanowią istotne czynniki warunkujące efektywność pracy zawodowej pracowników socjalnych. Celem badania własnego uczyniono określenie poziomu empatii emocjonalno-poznawczej 80 losowo wybranych pracowników socjalnych oraz preferowanych przez nich sposobów radzenia sobie ze stresem. Podjęto się próby udzielenia odpowiedzi na następujące pytania: Jak silnie pracownicy socjalni potrafią empatyzować z innymi ludźmi? Jakie style radzenia sobie ze stresem preferują pracownicy socjalni? Jaki związek występuje między empatią a poszczególnymi stylami radzenia sobie ze stresem u pracowników socjalnych? W związku z tym przeprowadzono badanie własne metodą sondażu diagnostycznego z zastosowaniem Kwestionariusza CISS oraz Indeksu Reaktywności Interpersonalnej. Ustalono, że nieco ponad jedna piąta badanych preferuje w stresie styl skoncentrowany na zadaniu i niemal tyle samo osób wykazuje deficyty empatii.</p>

Survey Respondents Suggest that Some Academic Library Professionals without a Graduate Degree in Librarianship Have Prior Library Experience and Do Not Plan to Pursue a Library Degree

A Review of:
 Oliver, A., & Prosser, E. (2018). Academic librarianship without the degree: Examining the characteristics and motivations of academic library professionals. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 44(5), 613-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2018.07.006
 Abstract
 Objective – To examine the motivations and career paths of professionals outside the field of library science who work in academic library settings, including their reasons for not pursuing a graduate degree in librarianship.
 Design – Multiple-choice survey questionnaire.
 Setting – Not clearly stated.
 Subjects – 193 adults without graduate degrees in librarianship employed in professional positions in academic libraries.
 Methods – A nineteen-item multiple-choice questionnaire hosted on Select Survey and a previous study by the same authors. Filtering excluded survey respondents who did not currently work in academic libraries, who had graduate degrees in librarianship, or who do not identify as an academic library professional.
 Main Results – Most of the survey respondents (n=115, 59.9%) had positions in a library prior to pursuing a professional academic library career. Of those with prior library experience, most (n=98, 85.2%) had gained experience in academic library settings. The two top reasons cited for becoming an academic library professional were an interest in employment in academic library settings (n=59, 52.2%) and meeting position requirements (n=54, 47.8%). A fifth of respondents both met the requirements for their position and had an interest in working in academic libraries (n=23, 20.4%). Most respondents had less than five years’ experience (n=41, 36.6%) or six to ten years’ experience (n=43, 38.4%) in an academic library. Less than half of respondents had became academic library professionals after applying as an external candidate (n=83, 44.6%) and a number of respondents had applied as an internal candidate (n=52, 28%). Several respondents had become academic library professionals because they were promoted, appointed, or recruited within their academic libraries (n=35, 18.8%). Few respondents were actively working on a graduate librarianship degree (n=21, 11.3%) and most expressed that they did not need such a degree (n=112, 67.9%). Those who were pursuing a graduate degree in librarianship did so because of their desire to advance their careers (n=17, 81%). Respondents’ current positions were mostly categorized in areas such as administration (n=77, 31.2%), scholarly communications (n=34, 13.8%), technical services (n=27, 10.9%), and information technology (n=20, 8.1%).
 Conclusion – Having prior experience working in an academic library served as a notable motivating factor for entry into the position of academic library professional. Two main pathways towards obtaining such positions included positions without graduate library degree requirements and the transition of paraprofessionals into professional-level jobs. Most survey respondents noted their lack of interest in pursuing an advanced degree in librarianship, as they did not see the significance of having one. These findings may help library education programs to better understand growing needs in librarian education and prepare the future library workforce to meet these new demands.

Identifying Medical Residents’ Perceived Needs in Vaccine Education though a Needs Assessment Survey

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: Vaccine education during residency is not standardized. Little is known about resident perspectives on vaccines and ideal vaccine training. Methods: A convenience sample of pediatric and family medicine (FM) residents were surveyed using a de novo 22 question survey to understand perspectives on vaccines and current and preferred vaccine education curriculum. Responses were analyzed categorically and compared by resident year using Fisher's Exact test. Results: In October 2016, 126 residents from 9 pediatric and FM programs completed the survey. Resident respondents' training levels varied. Most were 25-29 years old and female. High familiarity with vaccines and agreeing to defer recommended vaccine(s) increased with additional years of training (p<0.01). Most residents want to learn more about vaccine risks, benefits, and communication skills. Preferred training modalities were in-person lectures, online modules, and continuity clinic didactics. Residents rated MMR and Hib vaccines as "highly important" more frequently than they did so for HPV and influenza vaccines. One fifth of respondents reported some degree of hesitancy regarding vaccines. Conclusion: Results provide insight on framework and scope for development of a vaccine education curriculum. Identification of vaccine hesitancy among residents and the rating of certain recommended vaccines as of variable importance underscores the need for resident vaccine training.

Reporting cybercrime victimization: determinants, motives, and previous experiences

PurposeCybercrime rates have increased rapidly during the last couple of decades, resulting in cybercrimes becoming common crimes. However, most victims do not report cybercrimes to the police. Therefore, this study examines reporting cybercrime victimization and provides insights into the role of the police in this process.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 595 individuals was used. All respondents were shown three vignettes about hypothetical cybercrime victimization and were asked to imagine that this situation happened to them. Four crime and reporting characteristics were manipulated across vignettes. Respondents' intentions to report to the police and to other organizations were used as the dependent variables in regression analyses. Four random factors in the vignettes (i.e. type of crime, seriousness of crime, victim–perpetrator relationship, and reporting modality), as well as several characteristics of the respondents were included in the regression models as independent variables.FindingsThe type of cybercrime is the most important predictor for reporting behaviors. Other determinants are: more serious offenses were more often reported and offenses are less often reported in situations where the victim personally knows the perpetrator. Furthermore, there is large discrepancy between intended and actual cybercrime reporting. These findings provide valuable insights into the factors that influence reporting behavior in the real world. Only a fifth of respondents indicated that they would not report cybercrime victimization to the police. This implies that attempts at improving reporting rates should not solely be focused on improving people's attitudes, but also on removing obstacles to turn these attitudes into actions.Originality/valueIn the current study, the authors contribute to the existing literature by asking a large sample from the general population in the Netherlands about both their intended reporting behavior (i.e. a vignette study) and their actual reporting behavior (i.e. self-reports) of victimization of a wide variety of different types of cybercrime. Determinants of both reporting to the police as well as to other organizations are examined. Moreover, respondents are asked about motivations behind their decision to (not) report a cybercrime to the police. Last, people were asked about their past experiences with reporting cybercrime victimization to the police.

Aerosols exposure and respiratory morbidity among dental health care Professionals of Lucknow

Introduction: Dentists use high-energy equipment, such as drills and scalers in the presence of bodily fluids such as blood and saliva, and dental plaque. This combined effect generates aerosols of oral micro-organisms, and blood. Objective: To determine the prevalence of respiratory morbidities and practices for protection against aerosols exposure at work place among dental health care professionals in District Lucknow. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved private dental practitioners registered with Indian Dental Association chosen by Simple Random Sampling. Dentists who gave consent and who were practicing for at least 1 year were included. Aerosol exposure and respiratory morbidity was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. SPSS software version 16.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Total number of study participants were 0. Mean age in years of study subjects were 33.5 ±11.6. Their average years of involvement in clinical practice were 10.0 ±12.75. Majority of dental practitioners used hand scalers (70%) and power scalers (80%) on patients. A higher proportion changed their masks by the day (60%). Majority used protective eye goggles (70%). Only 30% used high efficiency particulate room filters while 20% used humidifiers and air purification systems. One fifth of respondents usually had cough. Conclusion: Respiratory morbidity is associated with workplace generated aerosol among dental health professionals. Awareness regarding occupational exposure and implementation of preventive strategies is required to provide a safe working environment.

A portrait of workplace discrimination in Italy: empirical evidence from a nationwide survey

PurposeWorkplace discrimination negatively affects the functioning of organizations. Scholars have generally focused their attention on specific forms of prejudiced treatment at work as well as on particular groups of discriminated employees. Conversely, studies investigating the multifacetedness of this phenomenon are sporadic. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the advancement of the scientific knowledge about workplace discrimination showing a full-fledged portrait of this phenomenon in Italy.Design/methodology/approachSecondary data about self-reported experiences of workplace discrimination of a large sample of Italian people were collected and run in a logistic regression model. Five forms of discrimination at work were taken into account: prejudiced job design and work allocation; discriminatory use of promotion and awards; wage differentials; unjustified increased workload; and mismanagement of HRM instruments.FindingsMore than a fifth of respondents perceived at least one form of workplace discrimination. Different types of prejudiced treatment were triggered by distinctive socio-demographic and work-related factors. People who were unemployed at the moment of the interview were consistent in claiming that they suffered from all the forms of workplace discrimination. Former employees who underwent a work-family conflict were more likely to suffer from iniquitous treatment at work.Research limitations/implicationsThe occurrence of workplace discrimination was not objectively assessed. Besides, since only Italian people were included in this study, the findings are not generalizable at the international level.Originality/valueThis article provides some insights to inspire policy and management interventions intended to prevent and/or curb the occurrence workplace discrimination.

NEED FOR TRAINING OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FROM OUTPATIENT CARE FOR BURNS INJURIES

The severity of the burn, as a trauma is a three-dimensional magnitude determining the localization, the vastness and depth of tissue damage. It is essential that the period from the onset of the trauma to the beginning and method of treatment. Depending on timely and adequate medical care for victims with burns, possible complications can be significantly reduced and prevented. According to the normative requirements for acquiring professional competence, health care professionals must possess special training and education in the scope of the specialty "Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery" (PVEH). The purpose of this study is to study awareness of the burns and the need to train healthcare professionals from outpatient care. The study was conducted in the period March-April 2019 year among 134 health care professionals working in outpatient clinics for specialized medical care (individual or group practice), medical centers and diagnostic advisory centers on the territory of Sofia City. The study used the dokumen¬tal and sociological method through its own survey. Results. The highest relative share is the health care professionals with work experience from 21 to 30 years (38.06%) from 11 to 20 years (34.33%). The analysis of the results showed that over half (55.97%) Professionals can partly cope with a burning incident. Every fifth of respondents (20.15%) Professional preparation for medical care and 23.88% of them respond negatively. A significant share of respondents (94.77%) Want to participate in training on the topic of burns 67.16% of them giving a categorical answer "yes, completely” , 27.61% say "yes, partly". 98.05% of professionals consider it necessary to provide information to parents about the possible risk of incineration in children, with 91.79% expected to contribute to reducing incidents in their rearing. Conclusion. In recent years, health care reforms have been oriented towards improving the quality of medical care, as the main task of medical institutions to provide affordable health care. The quality of healthcare has a multi-factor modality of criteria such as safety, accessibility, adequacy, patient satisfaction, social fairness and final health care outcomes.

Gut beraten? Ergebnisse einer Umfrage zu Individuellen Gesundheitsleistungen in ausgewählten Hausarztpraxen

ObjectivesPatients have to pay out of their own pocket for individual medical services (in German: Individuelle Gesundheitsleistungen, IGeL). The benefit of many IGeL is controversial. Hence, well-founded patient information and counselling are important. For this purpose, several medical organizations and associations developed a checklist including 10 criteria concerning legal and content aspects. Based on this checklist, this study examined how well patients feel informed about IGeL by their doctors. Additionally, we assessed the utilization of IGeL and the attitude of physicians towards IGeL. MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to 1,000 patients in 20 GP practices in Germany. The data of the patient survey was analyzed descriptively. ResultsThe response rate to the patient survey was 92.9 %. Of 923 patients, 38 % used at least one IGeL in the last 12 months. The most common IGeL were ultrasound examinations (34 %). Differences were found in compliance with the criteria checklist: In most cases, patients received an invoice (79 %), ad-free information (70 %) and explanations of the medical necessity of the IGeL (70 %). However, physicians have failed to meet these criteria in more than a fifth of respondents. Also, physicians rarely refer to other requirements of the checklist such as, for example, further information and the possibility of obtaining a second opinion. ConclusionThis non-representative survey indicates that many patients make use of IGeL. However, they are often not well advised. Physicians should consider criteria of the checklist more rigorously.

Сформованість інформаційно-пізнавального компоненту культури здоров’я майбутніх учителів фізичної культури та шляхи його вдосконалення

У статті представлена характеристика інформаційно-пізнавального компоненту культури здоров’я майбутніх учителів фізичної культури. Охарактеризовано результати сформованості показників (повнота знань про культуру здоров’я та рівень загального світогляду) цього компоненту на констатувальному етапі дослідження. Головна увага зосереджена на висвітленні практичних механізмів вдосконалення інформаційно-пізнавального компоненту культури здоров’я шляхом міждисциплінарної інтеграції знань у процесі неперервної професійної підготовки студентів у закладах вищої освіти.

Оцінка середньодобового споживання овочів та фруктів у раціоні студентської молоді

Vegetables and fruit make up 50 % of the recommended in Ukraine healthy daily diet. Sufficient consumption of their various kinds provides us with all required for the human body nutrients. A great variety of these food kinds in Ukraine offers the possibility of wide choice according to the taste and financial preferences of all population groups, including students’youth. Insufficient consumption or complete deficiency of some vegetables or fruit in the students’ diet disregards intake of all essential nutrients: vitamins, food fibers and low glycemic index carbohydrates in particular. Aim: evaluation of fruit and vegetables daily consumption, including the preserved ones, in order to correct the students’youth diet. Materials and methods: using the questionnaire [7] authors collected the data and evaluated the results on the medical students’diet. Participation in the survey was voluntary, with the previous consent of the respondents. The sample contains 858 respondents, 570 females and 288 males, aged from 18 to 25, representing the 2nd, 4th and 6th study years’students of the O. Bogomolets National medical university. The sample was randomly selected. Results: the article represents the results of comparative evaluation of the real vegetable - fruit daily consumption, including preserved food, regarding the recommended data. The authors estimated daily consumption of the following vegetables and fruit: potatoes, cabbage, beets, carrots, apples, pears and citrus fruit. The following scale was used for evaluation of the consumption of potatoes: “I don’t consume potatoes”, “I consume less than 100 g daily”, “I consume 100-250 g daily”; cabbage, beets and carrots: “I don’t consume them”, “I consume less than 200 g daily”, “I consume 200-300 g daily”, “I consume more than 300 g daily”; apples, pears and citrus fruit: “I don’t consume them”, “I consume less than 200 g daily”, “I consume 200-400 g daily”, “I consume more than 400 g daily”. The consumption of preserved vegetables and fruit was evaluated by the scale: “I don’t consume them”, “I consume not more than 100 g daily”, “I consume 100-200 g daily”. The authors established that half of all respondents consume traditional for the Ukrainians vegetables (cabbage, carrots and beets) according to the dietary recommendations, no dependence on the gender or study course revealed. One fifth of the male respondents and one tenth of female ones don’t consume cabbage and carrots, no dependence on the study year established; one third don’t consume the beets. Half of the surveyed consume not more than 100 g of potatoes, with no dependence on gender and study year. A third of the respondents consume daily 100-250 g of potatoes, a tenth of them don’t consume potatoes at all. Half of the surveyed daily consume apples (200 g), one third of the respondents consume more than 200 g, no dependence on the gender and study course established; one tenth of male and one twentieth of female respondents don’t consume apples at all. A third of the respondents daily consume citrus fruit in quantity which doesn’t exceed 200 g and another third don’t consume them. One fifth of respondents consume pears (not more than 200 g). About half of the surveyed males and females don’t consume pears. At the same time, more than half of the respondents consume preserved vegetables and fruit, with no dependence on the gender and study year. One fifth of male and more than one fifth of female respondents daily consume 100-200 g of preserved products. Conclusions. The results evidence that 50 % of students’diets don’t correspond to the national nutritional recommendations according to the products daily intake and variety of the consumed products. 10 % of respondents don’t consume vegetables and fruit, no dependence on the gender and study year established. More than 50 % of the respondents consume home-made preserved vegetables and fruit. Daily evaluation of vegetable and fruit consumption reveals insufficient consumption of the products, which represents a risk factor of vitamin and microelement deficiency, polynutrient deficiency and, consequently, alimentary-dependent diseases of students’ youth. The obtained data require for individual correction of essential nutrients in the students’ dietary ratios. Key Words: questionnaire, ratio, daily consumption, vegetables, fruit, alimentary diseases, correction, students’ youth.