Field Of Industrial Production Research Articles

Process analysis and optimization for failure energy of spot welded titanium alloy

Titanium and its alloys have been applied in many industrial fields because of their high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and high thermal stability. Whereas, there is limited valuable references for recommendations of welding parameter selection and specific standards of the small scale resistance spot welding (SSRSW) of titanium alloy though it has been applied in many industrial production fields. Seventeen tests were designed according to the three-level three-factor Box–Behnken experimental design and the mathematical model correlating the process parameters and the failure energy was established on the basis of response surface methodology (RSM) technique. And then this model was used to analyze the effects/interactions of the welding parameters on the failure energy. The verification test results which were conducted with completely new welding parameters verified that the model presented in this paper was effective and robust. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to explore the impact of each process parameter on the quality of welding joint. The optimal combination of process parameters for maximum failure energy of the welded joint was obtained using the model based on artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA).

Application of Quantum Dots in Biological Detection

During the past ten years,the application of semiconductor nanocrystal material-quantum dots has displayed an increased tendency in scientific and industrial production fields,and a broad research is developed from materials science to biological applications. The application of quantum dots has substantially impacted on many research areas,such as biological imaging,phototherapy,drug / gene delivery,and solar cell. It is a key point to control the interactions between quantum dots and cell through adjusting surface properties of quantum dots. As the potential cytotoxicity of quantum dots arise,nanotoxicity becomes an important indicator of nanomaterials security assessment,and scientists pay more attention to the research of their potential toxicity. In this review we overviewed the properties of quantum dots,the applications in cell biology and the cytotoxicity research in biomedicine related field. Moreover, the future prospects for applications of quantum dots were briefly presented.

High Temperature Composite of Aluminous Cement with Addition of Metakaolin and Ground Bricks Dust

The following article deals with the study of mechanical properties of aluminous cement composites exposure to high temperatures. The newly designed mixtures that resist the action of high temperatures 1000 °C find their application in various fields of industrial production or in the form of fire wall for protection bearing structures. All the mechanical properties such as compressive strength and tensile strength in bending were measured on samples 160x40x40 mm. These samples were exposed to temperatures 600 °C and 1000 °C and one group of samples was reference and stayed in laboratory condition. Aluminous cement unlike the common Portland cement keeps sufficient strength even after high temperature exposure. For ensuring required ductility the basalt fibers were added to the mixture. In an effort to use of secondary raw materials as a replacement for cement as well as a suitable binder was used metakaolin and ground brick dust. Very convenient characteristics of these components are their latent hydraulic potential that makes interesting hydration products.

Application of Virtual Instrument in Electronic Education

Virtual instrumentation is defined as the combination of measurement and control hardware and application software with industry-standard computer technology to create user-defined instrumentation systems. Since the birth of virtual instrument (VI), it enters rapidly into the industrial production field, and Research and Development (RD) field. It can improve production quality, shorten development time, and increase production efficiency. So it is wildly used in companies. In order to improve the ability of students’ using new technology and equipment, and save daily funds, we try to use virtual instrument instead of traditional instruments for analysis and design circuits. The paper adopts the software-LabVIEW and many hardware modules of NI (National Instrument) to study of virtual instrument applied in electronic education of vocational college. The research result of this work can provide a theoretical and practical foundation for vocational education of virtual instrument in the future. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9.3306

Research of overall control system for PMSM Based on Digital Signal Processor

With the rapid development of permanent magnet materials, power electronics and control theory, based on vector control of PMSM its excellent control performance, high power density and high efficiency, more and more used in a variety of high-performance servo systems and other fields of industrial production[1-2]. In recent years, the development of vector control theory and methods become mature gradually, the progress of integrated circuits and computer technology, the PMSM vector control system has been a great development. The vector control of PMSM based on the mathematical model in the dq coordinate system, through conversion of vector model, realize that it has completely decoupled control of stator current. It has like a DC motor control performance, and thus more widely applied[3]. This paper introduces the mathematical model of PMSM in the dq coordinate system, modeling and analysis of PMSM vector control strategies based on the 0 d i  , for DSP TMS320F2812 as controller core, built a power-driven circuit, control circuit, feedback circuit and the main auxiliary circuit. The algorithm of control program was completed based the hardware platform, and presented its software processes. Constitute a high-performance PMSM vector control system, and through experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the system.

The Application of Circular Magnetic Grid Sensor in Automatic Viscometer for Measuring Viscosity of Liquid Material Based on Fluid Mechanics

Viscometer is analysis instrument which is available in measuring viscosity of liquid material. The viscometer is widely used in food, inks, paints, solvents, petroleum products and various fields of industrial production. In the field of oil drilling, viscometer is mainly used for evaluation rheological parameter of drilling fluid that is beneficial to safety, fast and scientific drilling. Circular magnetic grid could improve precision and stability when it is applied in torque measurement of automatic viscometer, and its non-contact measurement and high antipollution characteristics meet the design requirements of viscometer. The improved automatic viscometer has strong stability, good consistency and automatic reading function. According to needs of users, it would automatically draw various rheological curves.

Mass production of highly monodisperse polymeric nanoparticles by parallel flow focusing system

Nanoparticles can be prepared through nanoprecipitation by mixing polymers dissolved in organic solvents with anti-solvents. However, due to the inability to precisely control the mixing processes during the synthesis of polymeric nanoparticles, its application is limited by a lack of homogeneous physicochemical properties. Here, we report that this obstacle can be overcome through rapid and controlled mixing by parallel flow focusing outside the microfluidic channels. Using the nanoprecipitation of methoxyl poly-(ethylene glycol)–poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (MPEG–PLGA) block copolymers as an example, we prove that our parallel flow focusing method is a robust and predictable approach to synthesize highly monodisperse polymeric nanoparticles, and demonstrate that it improves the production speed of nanoparticles by an order of magnitude or more compared with previous microfluidic systems. Possible aggregation on the surface of PDMS wall and clogging of microchannels reported previously were avoided in the synthesis process of our method. This work is a typical application combining the advantages of microfluidics with nanoparticle technologies, suggesting that microfluidics may find applications in the development and mass production of polymeric nanoparticles with high monodispersity in large-scale industrial production field.

Application of Strategic Environmental Assessment to Eco-Industrial Parks: Raibano Case in Italy

AbstractEnvironmental issues are considered increasingly more important in the field of industrial production, especially in the early stages of the planning processes: Eco-industrial parks seem to be effective planning models to reduce environmental impact and to increase firm competitiveness at the same time. By describing the Raibano industrial area planning process, this paper investigates the opportunities offered by strategic environmental assessment as an effective and suitable method in developing real eco-industrial parks. The assessment procedure, also supported by some prediction models, has been implemented by considering the environmental effects generated by the industrial park development and use on every environmental component, and the consequent precondition, mitigation, and remediation measures. The illustrated case shows that the application of environmental assessment principles to an early decision-making level enables the enhancement of some key features of eco-industrial parks, suc...

Dynamic scheduling of flexible manufacturing system using heuristic approach

The problem of decreasing production costs through an appropriate management of available resources is fundamental in the field of industrial production. The performance of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS), not properly supported by an efficient resource management strategy, may be drastically limited, & the advantages derived from its flexibility in terms of production costs may suffer a sharp reduction. Furthermore, an FMS is composed of a large number of components, thus making the identification of a correct strategy for the management more difficult. In this paper a heuristic based genetic algorithm is proposed for generating optimized production plans in flexible manufacturing systems. The ability of the system to generate alternative plans following part-flow changes & unforeseen situations is particularly stressed (dynamic scheduling). The Key-point objective is the reduction of machine idle time obtained by an optimized evolutionary strategy needed to reach the optimal schedule in complex manufacturing systems.

Fatigue properties of inertia dissimilar friction-welded stainless steels

Due to economical and technical advantages in friction welding application, heat-resisting and anti-corrosive materials are widely used in the industrial production fields of the mechanical components such as gas turbines, engines, nuclear power plants, automobile industry, and so on. The objective of this paper is to study fatigue characteristics on dissimilar friction welding zone according to defect positions. In order to achieve the objective, dissimilar steels commonly used as valve materials for vehicle were friction welded. And a small circular defect was precisely worked on weld interface, 0.5 and 1.0mm distance away from the interface, respectively, to closely analyze the welding zone.Fatigue limits of STR3 and STR35 base metal were 429.0 and 409.4MPa, respectively. In comparison with fatigue lives on the basis of the same defect positions, fatigue life of the STR35 was about 190% for base metal specimen, about 82% for 1.0mm HAZ specimen. It was higher than that of the STR3. But in case of 0.5mm defect position, the STR35 showed about 35% lower fatigue life than that of STR3. And the fatigue life of STR3 was about 99% for 1.0mm HAZ and 640% for 0.5mm HAZ. It was higher than that of base metal. And fatigue life of STR35 was about 25% for 1.0mm HAZ and 82% for 0.5mm HAZ. It indicates that the nearer weld interface, the higher fatigue life. But the weld interface notched specimen had much lower fatigue life than the other specimens because of appearance of the interface separation.

Development of Acetic Acid Production Process Catalyzed by Rhodium Complex Immobilized to Pyridine Polymer Support

In the field of industrial production of acetic acid via methanol carbonylation, the higher yield and efficiency are still pursued by employing the low water reaction system. Rhodium complex catalyst bound to pyridine resin exhibited high carbonylation activity and excellent immobilization characteristics under low water conditions, while strong durability is required for industrial use. In this connection, robust pyridine resin is essential under elevated reaction conditions. The relationship between durability and crosslinkage, and pore structure of resin was studied, as a result, novel pyridine resin resistant to industrial use has developed. Decomposition rate was evaluated based on the amount of pyridine group leached out from the resin and attrition rate was measured by the amount of powder generated by collision of resin beads each others in stirring liquid. The constant activity of rhodium complex catalyst bound to the novel pyridine resin during more than 7000 h was demonstrated using a continuous flow reactor unit. In addition, using an integrated pilot plant, byproducts could be recycled by equilibrium control and process performance including yields associated with catalyst activity, selectivity and stability in long term was demonstrated.

Regionalisation and sustainability in the field of industrial production

SUMMARY Regional business concepts are said to have huge potential to support sustainable development in industrialised countries (e.g. Stransfeld, 1999). However, whereas efforts have been made to implement regional concepts within agriculture and forestry, empirical findings show that regional concepts are only of minor importance to managers within industrial production (Rentz et al., 2000). Considering this situation, the aim of the present article is to explain why regional business concepts have rarely been implemented in the field of industrial production. Therefore, in the course of the present article, a raster for the identification of relevant barriers on a personal, enterprise, inter-firm and macroeconomic level will be developed and applied. Subsequently, suggestions for a set of measures to overcome these barriers to regionalisation will be given. The results have been identified in the framework of a questionnaire to about 30 decision makers of industrial companies within research, a project promoted by the German Ministry of Education and Research.

Regionalisierung als Beitrag zur Nachhaltigkeit im Bereich der industriellen Produktion


 
 
 In the field of industrial production, the concept of regionalising economic activities (e.g. by exploiting the scope to close material cycles) offers great potential as a means of supporting sustainable macro-economic development; nonetheless, this potential tends to be ignored. The explanation for this is to be found in the myriad barriers which exist. Thus the main object of this article is to identify in a systematic fashion the personal, intra-organisational, inter-organisational and structural barriers which impede regionalisation in the field of industrial production; this identification is based on a systematic analytical raster transferable to materially related questions. Based on the analysis of the obstacles thus identified, it is then possible to identify from the perspective of industry the areas which need to be given priority status as the focus of measures to support the realisation of concepts of regional economy. This study draws on the results of a survey of 25 representatives of industry conducted as part of a research project supported by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research (the BMBF).
 
 
 
 
 

Contaminative Materials on Products in a Recycling System

The building of a sustainable material circulating system is imminent for the threatened waste disposal landfills in Japan. Now, man-aided recycling is active for the purpose of lessening waste. Al-though recycling originally aimed at saving resources and alleviating environmental problems simultaneously, it is nevertheless a current issue that problem of cost and environmental damages have occurred. Also, other problems include the generation of toxic substances due to the mixing of dissimilar materials in the recycling process in each industrial production field, and its progression in the future is feared. This indicates that there is a need to build a purging or purification system in recycling similar to the one originally equipped in the ecosystem. In this report, the category of the poison and the recycling process in the circulating material will be defined and the influence on the material will be examined.

眼球運動解析によるヒューマンエラー防止のための危険予知

It is very important to make foresight of the incidental and dangerous situation for preventing human errors. It is pointed out that almost causes of marine disasters are human errors. Authors propose the foresight training for preventing human errors by using the sample sheets including dangerous situations of vehicle transportation. In the industrial production field and the road traffic situation, excepting the marine traffic situation, the effect of the foresight training has been already confirmed. Especially in the marine traffic situation, the effectiveness of the foresight training is not confirmed yet. This research by using eye-movement analyzer ("Free-View") shows the characteristics of the foresight process relating to the human errors by using sample sheets including the incidental dangerous situations of the road traffic and the small boat. Based on the experimental measurements, the results are as follows; (1) There is a strong relationship between the characteristics of eye movement and the foresight ability of the incidental and dangerous situation, in case of judgement for the traffic situation. (2) The evaluation of foresight ability is strongly influenced by the static characteristics of eye movement of the average gazing position more than by the dynamic characteristics of the sight-line displacement.

The role of certified reference materials in ensuring the quality of spectrochemical measurements – the present status in Romania

The objective of quality assurance programme for spectrochemical measurements is to reduce the measurement errors to accepted limits. Reference materials are being widely used as measurement standards in the fields of industrial production, environmental protection and clinical chemistry, and are playing an important role in ensuring the quality of measurement results. This paper presents some aspects, practices and examples of the activity of the Reference Materials Laboratory of the National Institute of Metrology, Bucharest, in the field of spectrochemical measurements. An attempt to describe the role and use of reliable certified reference materials to ensure the quality of spectrochemical measurements is presented. A short review of the locally available certified reference materials used in spectrochemical measurements is given. The use of reference materials data in estimating the measurement uncertainty is discussed. An interlaboratory comparison, recently organized in Romania, is also presented as a useful response to the need for quality assurance of spectrochemical results.

Contribution to the control of inactivated human influenza vaccines with the single radial diffusion method (SRD): Routine check, industrial super vision and vaccine standardisation

The authors give the results of their experience in the adaptation of the SRD technique (G. Schild and J. Wood) in the field of industrial production of vaccines. Slight modifications in view of a better adaptation to the industrial control are presented. A new method of calculation, based on a new mathematical model of the diffusion rules and programmed on computer is proposed. The systematic comparison with the classical method (hemagglutination pattern) for all the production stages concludes in favour of the new technique: better knowledge of the general process and new concepts on the respective influence of concentration, purification, and detergent treatment on the activity of virions. Of a particular interest is the comparison of such different strains in their industrial behaviour, as A Texas 1/77 (X 49 recombinant) A U.S.S.R. 92/77 (NIB 6 recombinant) and B Hong Kong 8/73. The final interest in standardisation of the vaccine is emphasised.

Measurement of Real Output

Until recently, except in the relatively limited field of industrial production, no measure, in volume terms, of the over-all output of the Canadian economy was available. The estimates of Gross National Product had been published only in current dollars. The release, since 1950, of Gross National Expenditure in constant dollars, and especially the historical series from 1926 to 1950 published early last year, provided economists, statisticians, and the business community in general with an analytical tool of unusual relevance and value.In recent years, because of violent changes in prices, unadjusted value series, used in isolation, have become increasingly inadequate as indicators of economic trends. Of necessity, interest has shifted to measures of volume. For some purposes, as in studies of productivity and real growth of the economy, constant dollar series provide at least an over-all framework and some generalized magnitudes. I will attempt to describe in this paper the work now being done at the Dominion Bureau of Statistics in the field of real output. The discussion of scope, principles, methods, and problems of the projects involved is preceded by a short summary of the history and background of the work.

A Method for the Standardization of Centrifugal Pumps

Abstract In the author’s opinion, the combined application of the preferred-numbers idea and the law of similitude provides an effective means of eliminating unnecessary variety of sizes and of simplifying tool and machinery equipment in any field of industrial production. In the application of this method to the standardization of centrifugal pumps, the author develops a set of geometric series conforming to the preferred-numbers table. The formation of the series, and their interconnection and use for treating the standardization problem, are illustrated by numerical tables, charts, and diagrams. Standardizations of hydraulic and mechanical parts of centrifugal pumps are tied together by the use of the law of similitude, resulting in the formation of a set of interconnected geometric series applicable to both cases.