Field Of Civil Engineering Research Articles

Experimental investigations into nonlinear dynamic behaviours of triply periodical minimal surface structures

Natural frequency, damping ratio and dynamic stiffness are fundamental to the performance of structures subjected to dynamic loads. Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) composite structures, celebrated for their superior energy absorption capacity and specific strength, represent some of the most promising meta-structures. However, their dynamic properties are yet to be fully understood, thereby hindering their practical applications within civil engineering domains. Damping properties, crucial to vibration reduction, remain particularly elusive; previous studies have not successfully established a connection between these properties and the force excitation amplitude in TPMS structures. This study aims to compare the damping properties of different TPMS structures and to investigate their potential for adoption within civil engineering fields. Three types of TPMSs, including Schoen I-graph-wrapped package surface (IWP), Schwarz primitive (Primitive) and Schoen Gyroid (Gyroid), have been adopted to design solid and sheetal TPMS composite structures with identical relative density (50%) to compare their damping properties under varying excitation amplitudes. These TPMS structures are manufactured from photosensitive resin (UV resin) using stereolithography 3D printing technology. Owing to the lack of previous research into the damping properties and dynamic stiffness of TPMS structures as support structures, we have conducted single-freedom modal tests to determine the modal parameters, including natural frequency and damping ratios. Our novel results indicate that the natural frequency and damping ratio of the TPMS structures vary with the excitation amplitude. Additionally, the dynamic stiffness of TPMS structures reveals a similar decreasing trend to frequency when load amplitude escalates. As the excitation amplitude increases, the TPMS structures demonstrate softening and are capable of offering a higher vibration damping coefficient. Notably, the SS-Gyroid structure exhibits higher stiffness and damping ratio compared to other TPMS structures. These fresh insights pave the way for the integration of 3D printed smart TPMS structures within civil engineering, particularly for vibration reduction and efficient material usage. A judicious TPMS structure design can provide relatively high stiffness and damping ratio without excessive material use.

Evaluation of the Uniaxial Compressive Strength of Gneiss from Southern Togo from Non-Destructive Tests

The mechanical and physical characteristics of rocks hold significant importance across various realms of research and engineering, particularly in the field of Civil Engineering. The utilization of rocks as construction materials hinges on several of their mechanical traits (Los Angeles, Micro Deval under water presence, Young's Modulus, Compression Strength) as well as physical attributes (homogeneity, porosity, etc.). Tests for determining certain of these characteristics are expensive, challenging, and time-consuming. Among these attributes, mention can be made of determining compression strength, which necessitates substantial equipment for proper sample preparation. This renders the process very costly, laborious, and leads to the complete destruction of samples during experimental measurements. Our objective in this study is to assess the uniaxial compression strength of gneiss from southern Togo using non-destructive testing. This would help mitigate the relatively high costs associated with this test. To address this issue, the development of new methods for determining this test using non-destructive testing approaches is necessary. Among the most commonly used reference techniques for characterizing materials and determining their physical and mechanical properties are non-destructive evaluation techniques based on ultrasonic wave propagation and rebound hammer testing. The adopted methodological approach involves the collection of rock samples (amphibole and biotite gneiss) from 33 sites in southern Togo, their proper sampling, and the execution of various tests on the obtained samples. The obtained results have facilitated the examination of several approaches, notably the ANFIS model (Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System) and the MLR model (Multiple Linear Regression), for predicting the uniaxial compression strength value based on the sclerometer index and the ultrasonic wave propagation velocity (in parallel or perpendicular orientation to the foliations). It emerges from the ANFIS model, combining ultrasonic waves in the perpendicular orientation to the foliations and the sclerometer index, that the uniaxial compression strength can be predicted with an R² of 0.9884, an RMSE of 2.9271, a MAPE of 1.160, and a VAF of 98.83. In comparison, the MLR model yields an R² of 0.9832, an RMSE of 3.686, a MAPE of 1.402, and a VAF of 98.22. The derived ANFIS models can be utilized to estimate the uniaxial compression strength of gneiss in Togo and beyond. Keywords: Gneiss, Non-destructive Testing, Sclerometer Index, Ultrasonic, Compression Strength.

Identification of coastal pesticide pollutants as potent inhibitors of Bacillus pasteurii urease mediated calcium carbonate precipitation: a computational approach

Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) through urease enzyme has attained a lot of recognition in various fields of civil engineering and geotechnology for stabilizing the strength of soil and various concrete materials. The activity of urease has been found to be affected by various factors like temperature, substrate concentrations, pH of the medium, presence of inhibitors, etc. Through this study, the outcome of the interaction of pesticides (commonly found in Indian coastal regions) on Bacillus pasteurii urease, a major organism reported for MICP studies has been investigated in silico. The results from the study revealed that the enzyme has higher interactions of −4.1, −3.2, and −3.4 kJ/mol with common pesticides like dichloro diphenyl dichloro ethane(DDD), dichloro diphenyl trichloroe thane (DDT), and methyl parathion of organochlorides and organophosphates class. From the molecular dynamics simulation analysis, complex 1 (DDD -receptor) has been found to have the highest and more compact structure followed by methyl parathion -receptor. Prime MM-GBSA analysis also revealed the highest binding energy of −27.8 kcal/mol with the protein and DDD. Thus, it can be inferred from the current study that pesticides, particularly, DDD, DDT, and methyl parathion present in the coastal areas may have an impact on urease. This interaction can result in the inhibition of the urease activity of B. pasteurii, thus preventing the biomineralization process. This study would be the first report on the computational approach to understanding the interaction of prominent pesticides on the coastal region and B. pasteurii urease. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Recycling and Reutilization of Waste Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics: Current Status and Prospects.

The extensive use of carbon fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) in aerospace, civil engineering, and other fields has resulted in a significant amount of waste, leading to serious environmental issues. Finding appropriate methods for recycling CFRP waste and effectively reusing recycled carbon fibers (rCFs) has become a challenging task. This paper presents an overview of the current status of CFRP waste and provides a systematic review and analysis of recycling technologies. In addition to discussing mechanical recycling, thermal decomposition, and chemical solvent degradation methods, the organic alkali/organic solvent method for recycling resins is also elucidated. By introducing the recycling conditions and outcomes of the organic alkali/organic solvent method, the study highlights its significance as a reference for carbon fiber recycling. Furthermore, the paper reviews the current state of rCFs utilization based on its application domains, focusing on research advancements in fiber composites and cementitious composites. Based on these findings, the paper summarizes the existing research limitations and identifies specific areas that require further attention in recycling techniques and rCFs utilization. Lastly, this review provides a prospect on the future of recycling and reusing CFRP waste.

Buckling-controlled braces for seismic resistance inspired by origami patterns

Equipping energy dissipation devices in the structures is one of the effective methods to resist earthquake disasters. Here, a novel buckling-controlled brace inspired by origami (O-BCB) was proposed as anti-seismic technology for protecting engineering structures. A hierarchical design and analysis strategy was adopted for various types of origami patterns. An O-BCB based on Tachi origami pattern was manufactured, tested, and analyzed to verify the hysteretic performance under cyclic reversed loading. Considering the non-uniform distribution of deformation and stress in the Tachi patterned brace, two gradient design schemes in the lengthwise direction were proposed. To balance the bearing capacity and energy-dissipating capabilities of O-BCBs, the implementation of non-rigid origami patterns including pyramid, crash-box, and triangular patterns were analyzed. Results show that O-BCBs could provide valuable options for the development of earthquake-resistant technologies in the field of civil engineering.

Assessment of crack severity of asphalt pavements using deep learning algorithms and geospatial system

Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Deep Learning (DL), and Machine Learning (ML) are becoming common in the field of civil and infrastructure engineering. This paper proposes an innovative asphalt pavement health monitoring framework based on state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms, a convenient data collection strategy, a novel crack width calculation algorithm, and a novel geolocation-based crack visualization method. Furthermore, this paper introduces a 2000-image (1440 × 1440) dataset for crack classification, an 8000 image dataset (360 × 360) dataset and another dataset with manually segmented images. Transfer learning based DL model achieved a validation accuracy of 99%. A novel crack width calculation algorithm is proposed based on the skeletonization and gradient calculation on binary images to quantify the severity of the crack. Locations of the cracked surface positions were identified using geotagged images, and a geospatial mapping method was proposed to visualize the crack locations for health monitoring and maintenance purposes.

Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Columns Using Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Jacket

The use of Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) increased in the field of civil engineering throughout the last few decades. UHPFRC is being used considerably on a large scale in megastructure applications. High compressive and tensile strength permits reconstruction and optimization of the structural members. At the same time, its improved durability properties make it easier to extend the life of the design and can be used as thin layers, cladding, repairs, and column coverings. Although UHPC has an extremely high compressive strength, it exhibits very brittle fracture behavior compared to normal strength concrete (NSC). Since the ductility and fracture toughness of UHPC can be enhanced by adding fibers, the addition of fibers to production adds innovative features to UHPFRC structures and opens up new application areas for UHPFRC. The aim of this study is to investigate the axial behavior of square reinforced concrete (RC) columns strengthened with UHPFRC jackets. Nineteen specimens were cast (1000 mm in height and a cross-sectional area of 150 × 150 mm, whose interface treatment methods were prepared through vertical grooving (VG), horizontal grooving (HG), and without grooving (NG), with the jacket thickness (20 mm and 40 mm) and the number of strengthened sides of the column (two, three, and four sides). The results show a brittle failure for all strengthened specimens. The UHPFRC-reinforced RC columns with vertical grooving (VG) showed a higher ultimate load capacity compared to the columns with horizontal grooving (HG) and the columns without grooving (NG). The horizontal grooving (HG) gives a better result than the jacket without grooving (NG) and increases the cohesion area between the jacket and the column for two and three of the RC columns’ strengthened sides. But, in the case of strengthening the columns on four sides, the effect of confining the jacket to the column appears, and the grooving causes weakness in the body of the original column so that the jacket without grooving (NG) gives a better result than the jacket with horizontal grooving (HG).

Preface

International Conference on Environment, Earth Science and Sustainability (ICES) Proceedings of International Conference on Environment, Earth Science and Sustainability (ICES 2022) Following six successful events of the Annual Workshop, the 7th Annual IIES Science and Policy Workshop was jointly organized with the International Conference on Environment, Earth Science and Sustainability (ICES) from 24 Oct to 28 Oct 2022 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The ICES 2022 - a multidisciplinary conference - initiated under the auspices of Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Trent University (Canada) and the IIES Network, and was taken place in the occasion of the 65th anniversary of HCMUT.This year, the ICES Conference with the theme of “Integrated Multidisciplinary Sciences towards Sustainable Development” was held in Ho Chi Minh City (24 - 26 Oct 2022) and Phu Quoc, Vietnam (27 - 28 Oct 2022). The Conference was successfully organized by a synergy of the consortium of Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (VNU-HCM), Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, International Institute for Environmental Studies, Trent University, Nan Jing University, Kunsan National University (KSNU), Dalhousie University, and Institute for Circular Economy Development - VNU-HCM.The ICES 2022 covers five main topics of (i) Civil Engineering, (ii) Environmental Sciences and Management, (iii) Environmental Engineering and Technologies, (iv) Earth Sciences/Natural Resources, and (v) Circular Economy/Sustainability. Participants gained insights into current research in civil engineering, earth and environmental science, policy and planning, and attained a worthy opportunity to meet colleagues from several institutions, universities, and agencies. For students, this is a chance to share their research outcomes and to build-up potential collaborative relationships at an international level. The Conference drew substantial attention from leading scientists, managers, lecturers, and merit students from universities, institutes, and research centers as well as officials from relevant government departments, agencies, companies, and enterprises.Overall, the Conference has attracted more than 216 papers from scientists, researchers, government managers, and graduate students. Among them, 79 high-quality papers were recommended to submit for peer-reviewing. Then, the double-blind review process was carried out for the 67 papers, in which each paper has been reviewed for its merit and novelty by at least two reviewers and one editor by matching the content areas. As a result, a total of 37 papers have been finally selected for this proceedings book. We believe that this proceedings book provides a broad overview of recent advanced studies in the fields of Civil Engineering, Material, Circular Economy, Environment, Resources and Earth Sciences for readers.Most importantly, we would like to express our sincere thanks to (i) Division of Science and Technology – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City (Prof. Lam Quang Vinh); (ii) Rector of HCMUT (Prof. Mai Thanh Phong) for their help and other supports. We would like to thank all the reviewers for their timely and rigorous reviews of the papers and all authors for their interests in the ICES 2022.List of Editors are available in the pdf.

Analytical and numerical study of rectangular reinforced concrete beam using robot structural analysis software

This simulation is significant in providing value for the fields of civil engineering, architecture and structure maintenance. While the studies of reinforcement concrete beam focus on the bending moment, shear force deflection and cracks, this has demonstrated its importance in ensuring the stability of structures. This study aims at delimiting and comparing the analytical and numerical results examined through Robot Structural Analysis software. That is, it is applied to investigate the rectangular reinforced concrete beam by uniformly load in order to effectively, intuitively, rapidly and simply modify and deal with any physical and geometrical parameter by means of this software. The use of this software can ensure non-linear analyses and take into account plastic behaviors of materials as well as big deformation and instability of structure element. The numerical results are compared with the analytical results in the middle of the span. It is found that the maximum bending moment and the maximum shear force have the same values in the case of a live load, but in the case of the combination load, there is a small difference. As regards the maximum deflection, there is a small difference which is linear for the load range. As for cracks, it is observed that the width of cracks is in accordance with Eurocode 2 standards and the approximative results are found experimentally in comparison with other studies.

Language Translation from English to Malay in Solid Waste Engineering

Engineering translations are dense with technical jargon and terms that necessitate linguistic and field expertise. The challenges arise from the requirement that the target texts be idiomatic and retain the same phrasing order, meaning, and nuances as the source text, which a layperson cannot translate directly. The Malay language is Malaysia’s official language. Because Malay is the official language in the governing and executive constitutions, the research instrument should be available in Malay. The purpose of this research is to translate from English to Malay a qualitative risk framework for solid waste engineering. On three psychometric scales, 26 items were translated using a back-translation method involving eight linguistic experts. The Malaysian Institute of Translation and Books (ITBM) provided the primary translation, which was then reviewed by a panel of experts as a secondary translation. Next, content validation on a 5-point Likert scale was conducted with five civil engineering field experts to assess instrument structure and reliability agreement. To represent the expert validation process, a descriptive analysis of mean score agreement was performed. The studies discovered deviation losses in forward (8.98%) and backward (17.95%) translation. The results also revealed experts produce accurate translations, particularly the equivalents of engineering expressions, acronyms, measurements, and terminology. Eventually, expert consensus on six aspects was achieved for 27.8/30 (92.7%) and affirmed that the framework is valid and thus applicable. This paper recommends that translation requires quality control, which comprises three processes: conversion to the target language, comparison, and reconciliation by subject matter experts.

Development of Intelligent Technologies in SHM on the Innovative Diagnosis in Civil Engineering—A Comprehensive Review

This comprehensive review focuses on the integration of intelligent technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial intelligence (AI), and Nondestructive Testing (NDT), in the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) field of civil engineering. The article discusses intelligent technologies in SHM for residential, commercial, industrial, historical, and special buildings, such as nuclear power plants (NPPs). With the incorporation of intelligent technologies, there have been remarkable advancements in SHM, a crucial aspect of infrastructure safety, reliability, and durability. The combination of SHM and intelligent technologies provides a cost-effective and efficient building monitoring approach, significantly contributing to energy and resource conservation. This article explores using electronic instruments, such as sensors, microcontrollers, and embedded systems, to measure displacement, force, strain, and temperature, which are crucial for detecting structural damage. Implementing intelligent technologies in SHM reduces the reliance on manual and hazardous inspection practices, simplifying and reducing the cost of building monitoring. The article highlights the social, economic, and environmental benefits of adopting intelligent technologies in SHM by presenting key findings from existing research. This review aims to increase the reader’s understanding of the significance of these technologies in enhancing the efficiency of SHM in civil engineering by illuminating their advancements and applications.

Cost Optimization of Prestressed U-Shaped Simply Supported Girder Using Box Complex Method

The use of U-shaped girders has become increasingly popular in advanced projects such as metro rail systems due to their ability to provide greater vertical clearance beneath bridges. These girders, characterized by two webs and a bottom flange, contribute essential longitudinal stiffness and strength to the overall structure while effectively countering torsional forces in curved bridges. However, the design and construction of U-shaped girders present challenges, including their relatively higher self-weight compared to other girder types. Consequently, cost optimization has become a crucial focus in structural design studies. This research aims to develop an optimization model for prestressed U-shaped girders using the AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. The model is based on the Box complex method, with necessary modifications and improvements to achieve an optimal design. The objective is to minimize the total cost of materials, including concrete, steel reinforcement, and prestressing strands, while satisfying explicit and implicit design constraints. To facilitate the analysis, design, and optimization processes, a program is developed using Visual Studio 2010 and implemented in Visual Basic (VB.NET). The program incorporates separate subroutines for analysis, design, and optimization of the prestressed U-shaped girder, which are integrated to produce the desired results. When running the program, the optimization process required 229 iterations to converge to the optimal cost function value. The results demonstrate that the developed algorithm efficiently explores economically and structurally effective solutions, resulting in cost savings compared to the initial design. The convergence rate of the moment capacity constraint is identified as a key factor in achieving the optimal design. This research makes a significant contribution to the field of civil engineering by applying the classical Box complex method to the optimization of girders, an area where its utilization has been limited. Furthermore, this study specifically addresses the optimization of prestressed U-shaped girders in metro rail projects, where they serve as both the deck and support structure for train loading. By employing the Box complex method, this research aims to fill the research gap and provide valuable insights into the optimization of U-shaped girders. This approach offers a fresh perspective on designing these girders, considering their unique role in supporting metro rail loads. By leveraging the benefits of the Box complex method, researchers can explore new possibilities and uncover optimal design solutions for U-shaped girders in metro rail applications.

Application of Drone LiDAR Survey for Evaluation of a Long-Term Consolidation Settlement of Large Land Reclamation

Drone surveys are gaining popularity for many construction applications, including in the fields of civil engineering, such as road construction, earthwork, structure monitoring, and coastal topography analysis. Drone surveying has a high potential for periodical long-term ground settlement measurement in the field of geotechnical engineering. Traditionally, manual measurement has been performed for limited points with controlled surface measurement points, but drone surveying may enable automated and periodical measurement for a wide and remote site. However, the accuracy of the elevation measurement and the surface settlement prediction has not been investigated, and the use of drone surveying has thus been limited. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to apply drone LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) surveying for soft ground settlement measurement at a large land reclamation site showing a very large settlement up to 10 m. Periodic drone LiDAR surveying was conducted, and the data were processed with direct georeferencing and with outlier removals (such as trees and construction vehicles) in order to generate a clean surface point cloud. We then compared the processed elevation data with ground control data to check the vertical accuracy and to predict the settlement as well as for consolidation. The drone LiDAR survey showed 13 cm, 42.9 cm, and 6.23% differences in RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) in terms of vertical accuracy, predicted long-term settlement, and consolidation, respectively. The drone LiDAR accuracy seems very useful for monitoring settlement over a large and remote land reclamation site of soft ground, showing settlement up to several meters where, without a surface measurement, installment is limited.

Experimental investigation on embedment strength of bamboo-based composite prepared with the inorganic adhesive

Bamboo based composite materials have become an effective alternative for the green development in the field of civil engineering. This paper proposed a novel bamboo based composite prepared with the inorganic adhesive by adopting the cold pressing and molding technology, which is named “inorganic-bonded bamboo composite” and abbreviated as InorgBam, as well as the embedment strength of the novel bamboo-based composite was examined. The half-hole test method was adopted to investigate the embedment strength considering the influence factors of nominal dowel diameters and load-to-grain directions. Results indicated that the characteristic embedment strength parallel-to-grain of the InorgBam was unrelated to the dowel diameter when the nominal dowel diameter varies from 10 mm to 20 mm. However, the characteristic embedment strength perpendicular-to-grain declined linearly with the increasing nominal dowel diameters in the range of 10 mm–18 mm, and then remains constant within the range of 18 mm–25 mm in diameter. Hankinson formula for characteristic embedment strength at any angle was found in well agreement with experimental results of the InorgBam. The prediction formula of characteristic embedment strength for the novel InorgBam was corresponding proposed.

Preface: 4th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Material Engineering (MECEME 2023)

It is with great pleasure to introduce the proceedings of the 2023 4th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering and Material Engineering (MECEME 2023). The conference was held during May 13-14, 2023 in Shenyang, China.
 MECEME series provides a forum for accessing to the most up-to-date and authoritative knowledge from both industrial and academic worlds, sharing best practice in the fields of mechanical engineering, green manufacturing, architectural design, construction technology, civil engineering, and material engineering. This conference provides an opportunity to highlight recent developments and to identify emerging and future areas of growth in these exciting fields.
 MECEME 2023 has the main purpose to bring researchers and scholars to share their knowledge and experiences. This conference provided delegates with a good opportunity to exchange new ideas, establish research and/or business contacts, and establish potential partnerships for global partnerships. We sincerely hope that this conference will help to increase knowledge in relevant scientific and academic fields.
 Scientific Committee of MECEME 2023
 Shenyang, China

Research on the Application of VIC-3D Technology in Civil Engineering

Digital image correlation method has been widely used in various research fields of civil engineering since it was proposed, because of its convenient and simple, full-field measurement, good environmental adaptability and other characteristics. It has become an important measurement method in various research fields. The CCD camera is used to match the position of the same pixel in the two speckle images before and after the surface deformation of the specimen to obtain the displacement vector of the pixel, and record the change of the speckle characteristics of the specimen surface. Combined with computer vision and digital image processing technology, the physical quantities such as the morphology, displacement and strain of the object surface can be accurately measured. Therefore, this paper introduces the application of VIC-3D technology in civil engineering in detail.

High-dimensional data analytics in civil engineering: A review on matrix and tensor decomposition

Recent developments in sensing and monitoring techniques have led to the generation of high-dimensional data in the field of civil engineering. High-dimensional data analytics methods have thus been developed to interpret such complex data. Among the different high-dimensional data analytics techniques, matrix and tensor decomposition methods have acquired a notable interest in the civil engineering community over the past decade. Due to their unique ability to deal with highly redundant and correlated data, these methods are establishing themselves as promising and efficient tools to analyze high-dimensional data in the civil engineering arena. In this paper, high-dimensional data is referred to as a data set in which the number of features is comparable or larger than the number of observations. This review paper aims to summarize the applications of matrix and tensor decomposition methods in civil engineering over the last decade. The survey begins with a general overview of matrix and tensor decomposition followed by highlighting their significance in the field. Afterward, various applications of these high-dimensional data analytics methods in civil engineering are presented, while the advantages offered by these methods are discussed. Finally, challenges and potential research avenues for employing matrix and tensor decomposition and future emerging trends for their novel use are highlighted.

Microstructure of Bio-Based Building Materials: New Insights into the Hysteresis Phenomenon and Its Consequences

Considering the current energy environment, both efficient and environmentally friendly solutions have to be developed for building construction. Bio-based building materials offer new perspectives through their insulating and natural humidity regulation capacities. Nevertheless, these materials are as complex as they are promising, and grey areas still remain regarding their behavior. Their water sorption and desorption curves recorded in experimental work demonstrate a hysteresis phenomenon and, although plausible hypotheses have been formulated in the literature, there is currently no consensus on its causes. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that no reference considers the hydrophilic nature of the resource. Yet, this is a specificity of raw material coming from the plant world. In this context, this paper explores the microstructure and chemical composition of plant aggregates to propose a new explanation for the hysteresis. It is based on recent work demonstrating the existence of differentiated hydrogen bonds between the water sorption and desorption phase in cellulose. Obviously, hysteresis also has an origin at the molecular scale. Lastly, the hypothesis put forward here is supported by the swelling of bio-based materials that has been observed at high relative humidity, and this study aims to identify a link between the mechanics of bio-based materials and their hygroscopic behavior. A swelling/shrinking is macroscopically observed. Combining the fields of chemistry, physics, and civil engineering allowed us to demonstrate that it comes from a molecular-scale hydromechanical coupling. This is a major breakthrough in the understanding of bio-based composites.

Modeling of 3D geometry uncertainty in Scan-to-BIM automatic indoor reconstruction

The rapidly expanding field of Scan-to-BIM applications highlights the importance of model uncertainty assessment in describing the quality of modeling results. Although there have been recent research advancements in point cloud-based building modeling, there has been limited investigation into accurately analyzing error propagation. This paper estimates the geometry uncertainty in 3D modeling based on a strict application of geodetic stochastic modeling. Statistical uncertainty is incorporated into the building reconstruction process and procedures that enable self-verification within this process are developed. The method can be successfully used to evaluate the dimensional uncertainty of generated BIMs, which is especially important in the field of civil engineering with high accuracy requirements concerning metric quality control. Follow-up research will also consider systematic errors and apply the methods to other 3D point cloud acquisition techniques.

Research on Discipline Construction of Civil Engineering Based on Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence is gradually changing the development direction of civil engineering, and the traditional civil engineering specialty needs to be transformed. This paper discusses the application of artificial intelligence technology in the field of civil engineering, and analyzes the opportunities and challenges brought by the combination of artificial intelligence and civil engineering. A feasible scheme for the integration of artificial intelligence and civil engineering disciplines is proposed to help civil engineering majors better adapt to market demand and technological development trend, and realize transformation and upgrading.