Field Of University Education Research Articles

Думи на водещия

Editor Words DOI 10.55206/EBMA3053 Prof. Dr Ivanka Mavrodieva, DSc Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” Email: mavrodieva@phls.uni-sofia.bg Issue 59 (April 2024) of the Rhetoric and Communication Journal includes eight publications, which announce the results of research, among which surveys of parliamentary rhetoric and communication, which has manifestations in media and on the Internet, in politics and in society. The section “Media and Internet Communication” brings together four articles that contribute to the derivation of concepts, the delineation of the boundaries of new fields of academic research and the renewal of the categorical and conceptual apparatus in several scientific fields, for example through the terms “media culture”, “media transformation”, “cultural software” and “infor¬mation aesthetics”, “cancel culture”, “digital oral histories”, “hybrid risks and threats”. Simeon Vassilev outlines various scientific approaches to the definition of the term “media culture”; he presents theories, concepts, approaches and ad¬vo¬cates the need for a coherent theory of media transformation and media culture; the author draws conclusions about the phenomenon of media culture as a social practice. Desislava Dobreva explores a topic that is characterized by topicality and social sensitivity and examines the notion of “cancel culture”; she studies the phenomenon theoretically and historically; the author analyses current events and identifies rhetorical aspects in this specific virtual communication. Nikolina Ivanova-Bell examines the development of digital oral histories, as well as the opportunities they offer in the field of university education and academic libraries; on the basis of analyses she establishes the potential for enriching research and teaching experience in an academic environment. Andrey Velchev examines hybrid warfare from an interdisciplinary perspective; he analyses the role of the media and the Internet; the author presents the activities of institutions in identifying and neutralising hybrid threats, and in formulating and implementing strategic tasks regarding hybrid warfare. In the section “Political Communication and Parliamentary Rhetoric” two articles are included; they are written on the basis of a theoretical observation and include results of research into concepts in the fields of political science, political communication and parliamentary rhetoric in contemporary Bulgaria. Atanas Zhdrebev’s publication is devoted to populism; he discusses Takis Papas’s concept of populism as democratic illiberalism; the author gives examples of contemporary political phenomena and processes from different countries. Sofia-Nikol Nikolova examines the argumentation and rhetorical figures used by MPs during debates on significant domestic political issues and votes of no confidence and presents the results of an analysis of parliamentarian rhetoric in the 49th National Assembly in Bulgaria. The issue has a section “Contemporary Studies” in which there are options for presenting not only books, but also their contributions at the theoretical, methodological and research levels. The review of Professor Danail Danov’s book “Foundations of Media Pedagogy. A guide to the world of digital culture and its tools” is metaphorically entitled “a guide to the digital modus vivendi” by Simeon Vassilev. Professor Angel Angelov introduces Radeya Gesheva’s book “Enigmas and Paradigms in Some Twentieth-Century Italian Women Writers”. Prof. Dr. Ivanka Mavrodieva is a lecturer in rhetoric, argumentation, PR and virtual communication at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”. She is the author of 15 books (including “Virtual rhetoric: from diaries to social networks”, “Political rhetoric in Bulgaria: from rallies to Web 2.0 (1989 - 2012)”, “Rhetoric and Public Re¬lations”, “Online Course on Rhetoric”) and 120 articles. Her research interests are in the fields of contemporary rhetoric, virtual communication, argumentation, PR and business communication. Rhetoric and Communications Journal, issue 59, April 2024 Read the Original in Bulgarian and English

Use of Digital Twin Technology in the Teaching-Learning Process, in the field of University Education: A Bibliometric Review

At the convergence of artificial intelligence with pedagogy, digital twin technology is emerging as a tool that offers advanced simulations and interactive learning environments. This is because digital twins make it possible to replicate virtually any piece of equipment or test items in a laboratory. Based on the above, the objective of this article is to explore thematic gaps regarding the use of digital twin technology in the teaching-learning process. For this reason, a bibliometric review study is developed taking as data publications indexed in Scopus, during the years 2018 to 2023. Through the search equation, 92 publications were extracted. The study was developed under a quantitative approach at an exploratory-descriptive level. The results demonstrated that there is a growing and sustained scientific production on the topic under study, showing that, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, there was greater production compared to other years. Furthermore, although it was identified that this technology is applicable to different specialties of higher education, it was determined that, to a greater extent, the topics discussed are engineering education assisted by digital twins, virtual reality and digital twins for engineering training and simulation-based training through digital twins. However, it is concluded that there is an unaddressed gap regarding the rules and regulations that should govern the use of digital twins in higher education as well as what the teacher's competencies should be so as to guarantee the appropriate use of digital twins as part of their teaching methodology, since the impact on student learning depends on this.

Holographic Techniques as a Novel Method for Intervention Planning: A Tertiary Centres Experience.

Advanced holographic visualization techniques are becoming increasingly important in clinical practice, not only for diagnostic purposes but also in the planning of interventional or surgical procedures. The traditional approach for visualizing anatomic structures is based on standard imaging modalities such as echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and cardiac CT scan (CCT) which, however, can only provide two-dimensional (2D) images thus limiting 3D perception. Many recent studies have shown that the use of 3D imaging modalities such as augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality and holography improve the short and long-term outcome of percutaneous or surgical procedures. In this article, we report our experience on the use of the hologram in different clinical scenarios and in the field of university education.

Multi-Criteria Evaluation Method in the Field of University Education: Application to a Course on Energy Markets

The Bologna Plan adopted by European universities ended the hegemony of an evaluation system exclusively based on the performance of traditional examinations. In this area, with a view to revitalizing grading models in university education, a wide range of evaluation mechanisms has been developed in recent years. Using them, teachers may evaluate the learning levels of their students, including both the specific competences of the taught subject and the transversal competences that help students further develop their professional careers. This article presents a methodology based on a multi-criteria procedure through which students could be evaluated from different points of view, based on different types of evaluation mechanisms that are diversely weighted. Therefore, their levels of learning could be assessed more objectively. This article shows a practical case of applying this methodology, which has been used for the last five years in a course on energy markets taught as part of the Degree in Energy Engineering at the UPV.

Z세대를 위한 동기부여형 대학 교육의 방향

Universities are striving to be faithful to their educational functions and roles in line with the changing needs of the times. Universities themselves are making various attempts to adapt to change and provide better educational conditions, and the biggest concern in the field of university education regardless of the times is to increase educational effectiveness. Since the effect of education is created by various educational environmental factors and various interactions of education-related subjects, understanding education stakeholders is essential. Currently, instructors and students have accumulated different experiences while living in a rapidly changing era, and as such, they have differences in lifestyle, values, and behavioral characteristics. This difference can create a gap between the aspect of providing education and participating in education and can reduce the educational effect. Therefore, in order to minimize this, this study attempted to suggest a motivation plan that reflects the characteristics of Generation Z based on a theoretical review of learning motivation. Based on this study, it is hoped that universities will be able to obtain ideas for the development, operation, and improvement of educational methods for better educational performance.

HIGHER EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN: GLOBAL TRENDS AND STATE POLICY

Modern global trends in socio-economic processes, manifested in the progress of the "economy of knowledge, technology and information", have put on the agenda the issues of professional and personal growth and the need for investment in "human capital". Globalization and internationalization of education mean the gradual transformation of national educational systems into a global one while maintaining differences due to tradition and culture. This article analyzes the fundamental objectives of the state policy of reforming higher education in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the scope of global tendencies in education. The object of the study is the system of Higher Education of Kazakhstan. The authors set the task to define the quality of conformance of Higher Education of Kazakhstan with such global trends in the field of university education as internationalization, digitalization and “education through life". To this end, official documents of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, analytical reports, statistical materials, as well as foreign and domestic studies on the problem were studied. Comparative and system-functional research methods have revealed the efficiency of the implementation of the core global trends in education in the state policy of reforming university education.

교수-학생 상호작용에 대한 연구 동향

Professor-student interaction is an important component of higher education as the core of tertiary education activities. The contact between professors and students in the field of university education has a positive effect on students' academic achievement and experiences, and promotes the growth and development of students. Despite the growing importance of the professor-student interaction, studies on the professor-student interaction in nursing research are very scarce. Therefore, this study was attempted to suggest future research directions by analyzing domestic nursing research trends on professor-student interaction and to provide basic data for facilitating professor-student interaction. For this purpose, a total of 10 papers were selected based on the selection and exclusion criteria of this study among nursing studies on professor-student interaction published in domestic academic journals. The general characteristics, key variables, and key findings were analyzed for the selected papers. As a result, the key variables on the professor-student interaction were classified into four categories: Academic achievement, college life satisfaction, affective characteristics, and career-related. Key findings were categorized into two categories; Correlation with other variables, evaluation factor of learning method. Results indicate that professor-student interaction is an important component in nursing education. Therefore, it is necessary to activate the interaction between professors and students in nursing. Nevertheless, there are only a few nursing studies on professor-student interaction in Korea. For the future, a concept analysis, a qualitative study to understand the characteristics of the interaction phenomenon between professors and students of the nursing, and an exploration of the individual characteristic factors of nursing students related to professor-student interaction are needed. In addition, nursing professors need to actively attempt to interact with students.

The Digital Environment and the Crisis of Transition Towards e-learning in Light of the Corona Pandemic: A Socio Analytical Study on the Reality of Electronic Education in Iraq in the Context of the Coronavirus Pandemic and After

In most countries of the world, university education faces several crises that vary according to their severity and the nature of their impact. Some are serious and some are harmful, and some have negative long-term effects where they occur. Some are light and ephemeral. The educational system in all countries of the world has witnessed the Coronavirus pandemic crisis, which has no alternative that this system could do. This led them to resort to electronic education as a solution to the crisis and to work to integrate education in its traditional and electronic way at best to proceed with the academic year with the least damage. This research therefore comes to know how to deal with the crisis, as the pandemic has swept all social sectors, including the university education sector, in which three parties are represented (the student, the educational institution, with an indication of the importance of digital transformation) and the need for this to be done through the field of university education in the first century, and through effective mechanisms, such as the upgrading it, through university education, and what can be done through the university education field Twenty-three major advances in science and technology and modern means of communication were made possible by digital technology, which provided new and flexible media in electronic or distance education.

Teaching of the church law in secular educational institutions of the Russian Empire: The origins

The article presents an excursion into the history of the origin of the scientific discipline of “church law” in the system of humanitarian knowledge of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Church law throughout the 18th century was considered part of the spectrum of theological disciplines and was developed exclusively by professors of theology. The idea of teaching “ecclesiastical jurisprudence” in secular universities of the Russian Empire remained controversial for a long time. But with the change in the Statutes of Imperial Universities at the beginning of the 19th century, the practice of teaching church law began to enter university education. By the middle of the 19th century, the situation had completely transformed; church-legal topics became the object of scientific research by secular lawyers and jurists. The article reflects the institutional changes in the field of university education that have influenced the state of teaching church law. The work demonstrates the evolution of methods and approaches within the discipline of “church law”. Institutional changes in the charters of secular educational institutions gave a powerful impetus to the development of a unified methodology for teaching church law. Two research areas (theological and legal) that dominate the system of church law have improved this discipline, enriching it with methodological findings. In conclusion, the complexity and relevance of this problem in the study of church law at the present stage is presented.

Training Needs in Light of the Degree of Awareness of Modern Teaching Strategies and Their Application in the Tertiary Level during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to evaluate modern teaching methods applied by the staff at the University of Hail during the COVID-19 pandemic to identify the most important causes, needs, and barriers from their perspective. Also, the study aimed to reveal individual differences (gender, academic rank, or experience) of statistical significance in the staff’s degree of use. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used descriptive analysis on a sample of 164 faculty members. The researcher designed a five-axis questionnaire. The results indicated the importance of e-training when using modern teaching methods. Also, it was clear that the research sample uses MTM to some extent, and the use of modern teaching strategies was found to be moderate. Gender, academic rank, years of experience in the field of university education, and academic specialization did not affect training needs. In addition, the results showed that the most important reason for using MTM during the COVID-19 pandemic was “Mastery of how to use it.”

The mechanism of transformation of student-centered learning

This article touches upon the mechanism and significance of the transformation of student-centered learning ( SCL), an innovative learning technology of the 21st century, which aims teachers to transform traditional initiatives in the modern digital sphere. Having promoted educational change, it is important to understand the role of digital technologies, which can be an accelerator for effective student-centered learning. The research is focused on determining the impact of the transformation of student-centered learning on the academic performance of future teachers. In this regard, the ascertaining experiment was conducted at the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University. The research sample consisted of 157 students and it was carried out using the statistical software package SPSS. Student-centered learning has been found to have a significant impact on academic performance. Taking into account the achieved results, this research can be used in the development of constructive techniques and methods of SCL to help teachers improve their approaches to learning and increase the academic achievements of students. The results of the research may be of interest to those who work in the field of university education.

ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЯ ЯК СОЦІОКУЛЬТУРНИЙ ФЕНОМЕН: ФІЛОСОФСЬКО-ОСВІТНІЙ АСПЕКТ

Розглядається діджиталізація як соціокультурний феномен, що став складовою розвитку всіх сфер життєдіяльності сучасного соціуму (освіти зокрема). Зазначається, що діджиталізація є одним з найскладніших, комплексних й малодосліджених соціально-економічних явищ. Вона постає перспективним напрямом розвитку сучасного закладу вищої освіти. Оцінено стан використання цифрових технологій і висвітлено перспективні напрямки діджиталізації в освіті. Розкрито значення (поряд з інтернетизацією, інформатизацією, цифровізацією) застосування смарт-освіти у галузі вищої освіти. З’ясовано основні вимоги до спеціаліста майбутнього. Визначено ступінь інституційного забезпечення стимулювання розвитку цифрових технологій у сфері університетської освіти. Підкреслюється, що сучасні цифрові технології не замінюють, а лише доповнюють класичну освіту.

ЭМПИРИЧЕСКАЯ ТИПОЛОГИЯ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЕЙ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ВУЗА ПО УРОВНЮ ИНТЕЛЛИГЕНТНОСТИ

There is no doubt that the level of intelligentness of a higher school teacher, his image and professionalism form the basis of the effectiveness of the educational process. Meanwhile, the real situation with these basic criteria in the modern university educational space today remains one of the least popular plots of psychological and pedagogical nonfiction despite the creation and very productive activities of departments, research institutes and even the Academies of imageology, intelligentness science and standing, probably, in the same row with them cosmorealism (!). The effectiveness of these institutions activities will be sometime inevitably checked by the merciless time, but already now, when almost 63% of university teachers qualify the evolving tendency of their own community today as stagnation and even regress, the objective socio-cultural and individual-personal characteristics of the modern generation of teachers seem especially relevant. As shown by experience, the most reliable method of this kind of psychodiagnostics is the personal self-assessment of teachers conducted in the conditions of absolute anonymity. The purpose of the present study was an empirical attempt to determine the level of intelligentness of the modern generation of medical higher school teachers using self-assessing sociocultural and individual-personal criteria based on the traditional ideas of individual qualities and intellectual needs of a higher school teacher. It was based on the results of an anonymous self-assessment questionnaire survey of 355 teachers from 13 faculties of the Kursk State Medical University (KSMU). Personal analysis of an anonymous questionnaire made it possible to identify three suppositive (high, medium and low) levels of intelligentness, according to two interrelated aspects - the content and the formalized (point scoring) ones. The results obtained in numerical terms produce a completely depressing impression. A high level of intelligence, corresponding to its traditional classical criteria, was 19.1%, medium - 39.7% and low - 41.2% with a clear, more than double prevalence of individuals with a high level of intelligentness in the group of teachers of clinical disciplines in senior courses. The results of the survey and generalizations made on their basis unequivocally indicate a really existing social problem with the staff in the field of university education, which has a significant negative impact on the quality of professional training of future graduates.

EXPERIENCE OF APPLYING DESIGN-THINKING TO IMPROVE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FUTURE TEACHERS OF TECHNOLOGY

The relevance of the study is due to changes in society that require a rapid and creative transformation of the system of training specialists in the field of technology by higher education institutions to provide quality educational services. Ukrainian education requires teachers who are able to think outside the box, creatively, proactively, respond flexibly to professional challenges, and also possess tools of psychological and pedagogical influence that would help prepare young people for real life. To address this issue, educational institutions are creating a modern digital educational environment that will allow for the implementation of integrated learning with the simultaneous acquisition of disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge, social and practical skills for the formation of professional, personal and interpersonal competencies necessary for scientific research of graphic, creative, design activities. The article considers the influence of modern technologies on the formation of design thinking, the important components of which are constructive and analytical thinking. The expediency of introducing an innovative form of professional training of future technology teachers in higher education institutions using design thinking is substantiated, since this will contribute to the development of intellectual activity and creativity of applicants. The prerequisites are disclosed and the requirements for the preparation of future technology teachers for design and project activities are determined. The authors prove the effectiveness of the application of design thinking in the field of university education, pay attention to the creation of conditions for immersion in the subject area, the active development of creativity among applicants, originality of thinking, competence in finding solutions in the form of visual images, which are based on the use of digital technologies and the use of teaching methods in all their diversity and complexity. This will ensure not only a high quality of education, but will also contribute to the motivation for educational and research, intellectual and creative activities, the development of cognitive interest, the formation of subject competencies, which will become a strong guarantee of the competitiveness of graduates. The article attempts to adapt the technology of design thinking and introduce it into the educational process in the preparation of future teachers of technology and labor education. It is proposed to integrate the presented technology into any educational subject as an effective tool for the development of creativity and creativity.

Validación del modelo de cinco factores de la Escala de Actitud hacia la Estadística en estudiantes mexicanos de psicología

La actitud positiva hacia la estadística promueve el estudio y uso de esta disciplina fundamental para analizar datos; de ahí la relevancia de evaluar el nivel actitudinal y desarrollar estrategias que lo potencien. La Escala de Actitud hacia la Estadística (EAE-25) de Auzmendi es uno de los instrumentos más usados en español para medir esta actitud, pero no se ha validado en México, lo que es importante para su uso en este país y para aportar evidencias de validez. Los objetivos del estudio fueron contrastar el modelo propuesto originariamente, comprobar su consistencia interna, describir su distribución, comparar los promedios entre sexos y verificar su validez concurrente. Este estudio instrumental usó un muestreo no probabilístico. Se analizó una muestra de 383 estudiantes de psicología mexicanos (73.6 % mujeres y 26.4 % hombres) que respondieron a dos escalas de actitud. El modelo de cinco factores (confianza, ansiedad, agrado, utilidad y motivación) mostró buen ajuste a los datos. Sus factores presentaron confiabilidad y validez discriminante. La distribución de las puntuaciones en EAE-25 fue normal. La actitud se polarizó, aproximadamente, en cuatro de cada diez estudiantes hacia la aceptación y en uno de cada diez hacia el rechazo. No hubo diferencias de medias entre sexos. La EAE-25 tuvo correlación alta con actitud hacia la investigación y baja con la calificación en la materia de investigación del semestre anterior. Se concluye que la EAE-25 presenta consistencia interna y validez de constructo.

Activismo feminista en las universidades mexicanas: la impronta política de las colectivas de estudiantes ante la violencia contra las mujeres

espanolEste documento presenta resultados de la investigacion sobre la con-formacion de colectivas feministas de estudiantes universitarias en Mexico, surgidas desde 2014 con el fin de denunciar y exigir a las autoridades universitarias la atencion a casos de violencia y acoso en sus centros de estudio. La hipotesis que guia este trabajo sostiene que estas organizaciones de feministas jovenes forman parte de los nuevos activismos surgidos en America Latina que confrontan la violencia estructural contra las mujeres, pero a la vez presentan caracteristicas particulares producto de los procesos de transformacion en el ambito de la educacion superior, en lo que denomino el doble anclaje de los procesos de institucionalizacion de la perspectiva de genero en las uni-versidades. Como agrupaciones contenciosas, son susceptibles de ser analizadas desde el enfoque de los movimientos sociales, con especial enfasis en la relacion que construyen con actores sociales e institucio-nes, lo novedoso de sus procesos de organizacion interna y su posi-cionamiento como actores politicos centrales en el escenario actual de protesta feminista a nivel global. EnglishThis document presents results of the research on the conformation of feminist collectives of university students in Mexico that emerged since 2014 in order to denounce and demand attention to the uni-versity authorities to cases of violence and harassment in their study centers. The hypothesis that guides this work holds that these organi-zations of young feminists are part of the new activisms that emerged in Latin America confronting structural violence against women, but at the same time, they present particular characteristics as a result of the transformation processes in the field of university education, in what I call the double anchoring of the processes of institutionalization of gender perspective in universities. As adversary groups, they are likely to be analyzed from the perspective of social movements, with special emphasis on the relationship they build with social actors and insti-tutions, the novelty of their processes of internal organization and their positioning as central political actors in the current scenario of feminist protest at a global level.

Aproximación a la institucionalización de la sociología en Bolivia. Un estudio sobre el Instituto de Sociología Boliviana (Isbo)

A principios del siglo xxi, en Bolivia se intentó hacer de la universidad un “objeto de conocimiento”, aunque no fue posible, esos esfuerzos quedaron plasmados en algunas publicaciones. Sucede lo propio desde una perspectiva histórica, pues los escasos estudios realizados abarcan solo hasta 1930. En este contexto, el artículo aborda los vaivenes de institucionalización de la sociología como disciplina, en sus dimensiones de investigación y formación, tensionada entre proyectos intelectuales, políticos, competencias entre áreas y dificultades financieras. Actualmente, Bolivia cuenta con cinco carreras de sociología, la primera fue creada en 1967 en la Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (umsa), de La Paz, y la última en 2006 en la Universidad de San Francisco Xavier (USFX), de Chuquisaca. En este caso se toma por objeto el Instituto de Sociología Boliviana (Isbo) de la usfx, creado en 1940, para describir y analizar los principales factores que intervinieron en la emergencia y el desarrollo de la sociología. La problematización del tema se basa en la discusión sobre la institución e institucionalización en el campo educativo-universitario que remonta hasta los autores clásicos como Durkheim, pero recoge sobre todo los aportes de Foucault, Bourdieu, Kuhn o Laudan, en la medida que la institucionalización de la investigación y los modelos de formación es un proceso social, político y mental o simbólico de los grupos sociales; lo que permite conectar con la idea de tradiciones —en lugar de paradigmas— que suponen la instalación de una temporalidad lógica, práctica y mental. Por eso, para evitar los riesgos de un cierto funcionalismo-sistémico que asedia al conocimiento de las instituciones, introducimos la idea de conflicto y tensión en el análisis. La metodología se basa en datos primarios y secundarios, entre los primarios —lo esencial del trabajo— se hizo una revisión documental en los archivos universitarios referidos al Isbo, correspondencias, informes, etc. La intención fue combinar un análisis genealógico e institucional basado en datos en torno al caso del Isbo como una herramienta teórica-metodológica en el proceso de argumentación discursiva sobre la institucionalización, similar a otros casos en América Latina.

Medical exchange project for students and young doctors between Japan and Russia

Abstract For more than 25 years Niigata University School of Medicine has been organizing medical exchanges with universities of the Russian Far East and Siberia. This exchange has turned out to be mutually beneficial for both universities, giving motivation to medical students and young doctors to strive for knowledge of international medicine. “Program for priority placement of foreign students sponsored by Japanese government” and “Re-inventing Japan project” initiated by Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) were adopted in 2014, so it gave us a perfect opportunity to expand the existing program. In 2017, the MEXT approved the application of Niigata University together with Hokkaido University for «Program of Globalization in the field of university education (in cooperation with Russia), the creation of a platform for interaction”. We hope advances in the field of medicine and medical care achieved as a result of such unique cooperation between Japan and Russia will greatly contribute not only to the welfare of citizens of both countries, but also to the development of industry and economy. We would like to share experience gained by our university in the sphere of Japanese-Russian medical exchanges and educational programs, as well to describe the prospects for further development.

FACEBOOK AS LOGISTIC SUPPORT TO LINGUISTIC INTERACTION

New technologies provide significant logistical support to contemporary learning process, particularly in the field of university education. Students, as part of the youth population in the process of education, use new media technologies daily, among which an important place belongs to Facebook. Although Facebook is not characterised as a technology through which one learns, and is primarily used for communication and exchange of information, a number of research point to the importance of Facebook as a logistic support to the learning process. The main objective of the research was to determine students' attitudes about the use of Facebook in learning and sharing information important to learn the German language in the process of university studying. The study included 120 students of Faculty of Philosophy, who learn German as a second foreign language. Data obtained from the research confirmed that students use Facebook to share information related to exams, to exchange translation and other specialised texts in German. As for study purposes, the results of the research show that students mostly use Facebook for information sharing in the field of experience exchange with older colleagues, and least for the exchange of scientific articles. Research findings indicate that more than half of the surveyed students recognised Facebook as a significant support in learning the German language. As a recommendation, the need for greater use of new media for learning and for providing adequate logistics of the learning process stands out, which is particularly important in the current reform of higher education.

أثر استخدام أسلوبين للتعليم عن بعد -الحاسوب والانترنت- في تحصيل طلبة الكلية التربوية المفتوحة ودافعيتهم لتعلم الرياضيات

ABSTRACT Distance education is one of the most common educational patterns in our world today, especially in the field of university education, in order to provide higher education opportunities to those who missed these opportunities due to economic and social conditions. The aim of this research is to know the effect of using two methods of distance learning (computer and internet) on achievement and motivation. The research community determines the first grade students in the mathematics department at the Open Education Center (the Open Study Center in Baghdad), which consists of (80) students divided into four study groups. The researcher randomly selected 30 students randomly divided into two experimental groups .a number of educational sites that teach calculus on the Internet has been determined. Acomputer educational program has been prepared, designed and implemented. An achievement test of subjective type was prepared and a measure of motivation for mathematics has been used. The research results in the superiority of the first experimental group that studied using the computer on the second experimental group that studied using the Internet in achievement. There were no statistically significant differences between the two research groups in the motivation measure of learning towards mathematics. The research found that the use of the computer tutorial was better than the Internet in student learning and had a positive impact on their achievement.