Field Of Organization Studies Research Articles

Os EUA, a exportação e a expansão do ensino de Management no Brasil nas décadas de 1950 e 1960

Resumo Estudos a respeito da história do ensino de Administração têm ganhado destaque no campo, recentemente, em nosso país. Neste artigo, discutimos como instituições dos EUA atuaram na exportação e expansão do ensino de Management no Brasil durante os anos de 1950 e 1960. Argumentamos que a representação diplomática dos EUA, a Universidade do Michigan e a Fundação Ford formaram uma rede que possibilitou a exportação e expansão do ensino do Management no País. Este artigo contribui por aprofundar a discussão sobre a exportação e expansão do ensino do Management para o Brasil, e por contextualizar essa ação dentro das relações Brasil-EUA da época. Além disso, mostramos detalhadamente o papel das instituições norte-americanas nesse processo e colocamos ainda a expansão do ensino do Management no Sul e no Nordeste do Brasil como resultado de apoio e pressões por parte dos EUA.

Differentiating universities: some insights from organization studies

ABSTRACTDifferentiation has gained widespread acceptance across the Ontario policy community as a mechanism that can improve the overall quality of the PSE system. Though much has been said locally about the supposed benefits of differentiation, including its ability to reduce programme duplication and boost institutional efficiency, little attention has been given to the challenges that promoting differentiation will present. Drawing on insights from the field of Organization Studies, this piece outlines how institutionalized environments, and the behaviour they prescribe, actively suppress the ‘natural’ occurrence of differentiation. In turn, it presents strategies that can be employed by policymakers to maximize institutional compliance with differentiation policies, as well as a series of peripheral tactics they can employ to disrupt the isomorphic forces within the university sector.

An Introduction to Video Methods in Organizational Research

Video has become a methodological tool of choice for many researchers in social science, but video methods are relatively new to the field of organization studies. This article is an introduction to video methods. First, we situate video methods relative to other kinds of research, suggesting that video recordings and analyses can be used to replace or supplement other approaches, not only observational studies but also retrospective methods such as interviews and surveys. Second, we describe and discuss various features of video data in relation to ontological assumptions that researchers may bring to their research design. Video involves both opportunities and pitfalls for researchers, who ought to use video methods in ways that are consistent with their assumptions about the world and human activity. Third, we take a critical look at video methods by reporting progress that has been made while acknowledging gaps and work that remains to be done. Our critical considerations point repeatedly at articles in this special issue, which represent recent and important advances in video methods.

Compreensão empática e as possíveis contribuições para a pesquisa nos estudos organizacionais: reflexões a partir da experiência do lado estético das organizações

Resumo O método weberiano da compreensão tem constituído objeto de discussão e debate ao longo do tempo. No entanto, especificamente, a compreensão empática ainda é pouco explorada, especialmente no âmbito do estudo das organizações brasileiras. Após levantamento feito nas principais bases de dados e periódicos abrigados no portal Periódicos Capes, verificamos ser escassa a produção acadêmica que percorre o caminho da compreensão empática, especificamente na área dos Estudos Organizacionais no Brasil. Diante disso, procuramos trazer neste artigo algumas considerações sobre o resgate da compreensão empática na pesquisa. Considerando a abordagem da estética organizacional como pano de fundo, a discussão articulou às bases epistemológicas da compreensão empática proposta pela sociologia weberiana. Esta preconiza que os estudos das Ciências Sociais devem estar ancorados prioritariamente na compreensão do sentido da ação dos indivíduos, de modo que possamos entender por que agem de determinada maneira. Então, refletimos sobre as possíveis contribuições da compreensão empática para a pesquisa, considerando a ideia do pesquisador como peça-chave para a construção do corpus de pesquisa e a plausibilidade do conhecimento, sem necessariamente empreender a ação. Almejamos que este estudo sirva de gatilho para a elaboração de novas discussões sobre as possibilidades de contribuição da compreensão empática para a pesquisa nos Estudos Organizacionais.

Em defesa da opção decolonial em administração/gestão

Resumo Em resposta a um quadro duradouro de assimetria e injustiça no campo de administração/gestão, sustentado pela radicalização da universalização do conhecimento euro-estadunidense e correspondente subalternização de saberes do resto do mundo, analisamos a posição marginal e o potencial da perspectiva decolonial no Brasil. Sugerimos a co-construção de uma agenda em administração/gestão no (e a partir do) Brasil que promova conhecimentos e práticas informados pela opção decolonial sob uma perspectiva transcosmopolita. Considerando obstáculos históricos para legitimação de alternativas ao Eurocentrismo e desafios atuais enfrentados por acadêmicos e praticantes no contexto de radicalização da hipermodernidade, realçamos as potencialidades da decolonialidade para comunidades de vítimas e articuladores de alternativas interconectados globalmente. Essa agenda decolonial em administração/gestão se baseia não em eventual rearticulação de revisionismos essencialistas, mas em promoção de avanços transcosmopolitas em três âmbitos interconectados: (i) acadêmico - por meio do fomento de identidades políticas em pesquisa-ensino sob uma perspectiva transmoderna; (ii) educacional - por meio do resgate, co-construção, legitimação e disseminação de conhecimentos alinhados às realidades locais e alternativas; e (iii) social - por meio da co-construção de saberes decoloniais engajados com dinâmicas de colonialidade-decolonialidade enfrentados pela sociedade e academia em escala global.

Answering Levinas' Call in Organization Studies

This article aims at answering Levinas' call for a radical ethical stance in the field of organization studies, in which he has been increasingly mentioned in the past decade. Starting with an examination of the main aspects of his phenomenology (alterity, unconditional responsibility towards the Other, diakonia), this paper outlines the potential contribution of a Levinassian perspective to refine our understanding of organizations. We question the conditions of transferability of his radical ethics to managerial practices and present two main avenues of research that could be renewed: benevolent management and organizational justice.

Visibly different from the academic norm

PurposeProfessor Ruth Simpson has been a key contributor to the field of gender and organization studies (GOS) over the past 25 years. She has influenced debates on women in management, the gender of management education, masculinity and management and the “doing” of gender in organizational life. In this paper i review our joint work – informed by a poststructuralist feminist perspective – which considers the complex struggles around normativity in relation to management and entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis review is based on a consideration of four pieces of work completed between 2005 and 2012, including (Simpson and Lewis, 2005, 2007) and (Lewis and Simpson, 2010, 2012).FindingsDrawing on the concepts of voice and visibility, the research examines how the ability to exemplify the norm in relation to management and entrepreneurship must be constantly secured and how processes of inclusion and exclusion in relation to the norm are characterised by relentless agitation and turmoil.Originality/valueWe (Ruth and Patricia) developed the conceptual framework of the (In)visibility vortex as a means of connecting the individual to organizational processes, discourses and cultural norms

Nas sombras do Grupo Galpão: a experiência da aplicação do <i>shadowing</i> para compreender o <i>organizing</i>

O shadowing é uma técnica de pesquisa qualitativa raramente utilizada na pesquisa em organizações. Essa técnica consiste no acompanhamento de uma pessoa durante o seu dia de trabalho, por um extenso período de tempo, no tempo de suas atividades e interações diárias, de modo a colher informações que são registradas no diário de campo, podendo, ainda, o pesquisador utilizar outros recursos. Neste artigo, o objetivo foi relatar a experiência da aplicação da técnica shadowing como modo de pesquisa no campo dos estudos organizacionais. Para tanto, registrou-se a experiência de uma das autoras no acompanhamento de um grupo de teatro com o objetivo de compreender o modo pelo qual as organizações são criadas e recriadas a partir das práticas constantes e do resultado de processos, o que contribui para o conhecimento sobre o modo como as organizações acontecem, e não como elas simplesmente são. Apresenta-se a experiência com a aplicação da técnica considerando as bases conceituais do shadowing, a fase da preparação, o acompanhamento e as recomendações práticas para a aplicação da técnica. Ao fazer isso, aponta-se para o potencial dessa técnica na contribuição da pesquisa organizacional.

Interfaith dialogue in a secular field

PurposeBringing spiritual and religious perspectives to management and organization research requires clarifying the methodological implications and grappling with the diversity that characterizes the research community. This article aims to address both of these issues. The focal question addressed here is, how might spiritual and religious researchers effectively engage in interfaith dialogue in the ostensibly secular field of management and organization studies?Design/methodology/approachThis article takes exception to privileging secularism over other faiths and argues for admitting spiritual and religious perspectives into the field of management and organization studies. It addresses how theological reflection can be carried out within a spiritually and religiously pluralist research community in management and organization studies.FindingsSection 2 characterizes secularity and raises the possibility of moving beyond secularism to interfaith dialogue in the field of management and organization studies. Section 3 reviews influential perspectives on dialogue to identify attitudes and behaviors conducive to social learning. Section 4 introduces theological reflection as a method for conducting management and organization research and provides guidance and methods for pursuing interfaith dialogue.Research limitations/implicationsThis article proposes interfaith dialogue as a way to explore important assumptions, ultimate concerns and innovative practices that currently go largely unraised in management and organization research.Originality/valueThis article adds to the methods available in the field by characterizing effective dialogue and introducing and explaining theological reflection. It contributes general guidance and proposes specific methods for moving to interfaith dialogue among researchers working from diverse faiths.

Forging appealing identities in complex environments: a case study of American law schools

Competition has intensified substantially within the American law school sector in recent decades. Scholars note that this has augmented pressures to engage in institutional self-promotion, as law schools attempt to distinguish themselves within a severely over-crowded marketplace. To date, however, few have ventured to empirically examine the promotional behavior of law schools. This study takes a first step towards correcting this oversight within the existing literature, by analyzing the web page content of 204 law schools approved by the American Bar Association. It finds that these actors engage in varied promotional techniques that align with the interests of several distinct stakeholders within their environments. These trends are conceptualized through the lens of contemporary theorizing within the field of organization studies.

Feeling the Reel of the Real: Framing the Play of Critically Affective Organizational Research between Art and the Everyday

This article considers a number of issues hampering the application of arts-based ‘playful’ methods in organization studies once the close relationships between ethnography and aesthetic research, and the connections between art and everyday experience, are recognized. Drawing particularly from the creative ethnographies of Kathleen Stewart, Dwight Conquergood and H. L. Goodall, Jr. it suggests that the performative nature of artistic cultural texts lies in their intention to move their audience towards new sensitivities, awareness, and even learning. Critique is not oppositional to such development, being essential for fully creative movement. The article therefore suggests that what is needed are critically affective performative texts. For such texts to be socially, politically and epistemologically defensible, and thus a viable form for researchers to consider adopting, it is necessary to understand how they work to generate critical momentum, and what possible lines are available for justifying and evaluating creative approaches that challenge orthodox organizational research in being neither objective, representational nor expressive. The article outlines four ‘moments’ of critical leverage – aesthetic, poetic, ethical and political – that work in play with each other to create powerful artistic texts, and illustrates them by drawing on work-related literature, music, poetry and art, including workplace ethnographies. This framework enables the location of artistic and ‘playful’ methods epistemologically and ontologically relative to other modes of research and offers a robust justification for their further use in the field of organization studies.

Buen Vivir Andino: Resistência e/ou alternativa ao modelo hegemônico de desenvolvimento

Resumo Este ensaio teórico problematiza a ética do Buen Vivir como forma de resistência e/ou alternativa ao modelo hegemônico de desenvolvimento que tem sido disseminado e implementado por organizações internacionais e corporações. Após a declaração das Nações Unidas sobre os direitos indígenas, em 2007 (MAMANI, 2010), o Buen Vivir alcançou status oficial nas Constituições do Equador e da Bolívia. O Buen Vivir é uma visão de mundo distinta da ordem internacional liberal institucionalizada no pós-II Guerra Mundial; fundamenta-se nas noções de cosmovisão relacional e pluriverso (ESCOBAR, 2011), multiverso (MAMANI, 2010) ou ecosofia andina (ESTERMANN, 2013), enunciados no Sul e subalternizados por mais de cinco séculos de colonialidade. Com base nestas noções, o ensaio enfatiza a importância de repensar, segundo uma abordagem decolonial, o papel desempenhado pelos Estados e organizações governamentais internacionais no que diz respeito ao desenvolvimento local. A análise crítica da literatura sugere a existência de múltiplas visões acerca do desenvolvimento que devem ser debatidas no âmbito de estudos organizacionais.

DIGNITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ORGANIZATIONS: A LOOK BEYOND MODERNITY

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to reflect, from the perspective of critical post modernity, on a possible conceptual proposition about dignity in organizations. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: In the field of organizational studies, dignity in organizations has not been considered through the perception of a world of intense movement of capital, technology, goods, workers, and employees between organizations, as well as the migration between countries of citizens of different countries. It is argued, therefore, that the design of such phenomenon should examine in depth the respect for different knowledges, besides the idea of interculturalism. Key methodological aspects: As there are few papers written about this theme, our paper is a theoretical essay. Summary of key results: Taking the concept of dignity as a starting point, we tried first to outline a conceptual approach aimed at transposing its sociopolitical perspective, and then to propose a perspective on dignity in organizations that transcends modernity. Ideas on the ecology of knowledges, relationships of shared authority, and respect for the principles of equality and difference, beyond reciprocal recognition and the availability for mutual enrichment, were the qualifying elements in defining our conceptual propositions. Key considerations/conclusions: As a theoretical contribution, we sought to introduce a new perspective on the dignity phenomenon; thus, we tried to break through, in this field of studies, with a view that understands dignity and emancipation as a single concept, in which the new element would be interculturalism.

AIDEZ LES MISANTHROPES

In this paper I want to explore into the dark side of art. There has been a growing interest in art from the field of organization studies. Since the publication of Strati’s seminal work (1999) organization studies have embraced art as a fruitful way of studying organizations. Aesthetics helps us to critically understand organizations and uncovers aspects of organization that till now we have overseen. Organizations have an aesthetic quality where sensibility and emotions play an important role. Although I am in no way opposed to an aesthetic study of organizations. I want to argue that when dealing with art we have to consider the dark side of art. Art is in no way something just related to beauty and sensible wellbeing. Organization aesthetics needs to be careful not to fall into a romantic conception of art as a transcendental field enriching our lives, filling us with joy and giving us insight in life. Art also has a dark side. It disorients us, makes us uneasy. Art can make us very gloomy and take away joy. Art shows us a side of life that has by no means moral richness and does not contribute to joy and happiness. After going into the disturbing aspects of art I will examine misanthropy in art and point out some consequences for organizations and organization studies.

THE MULTIPLICITY OF FACETS OF CONTEMPORARY FEMININITY IN HIGH FASHION BLOGS

ABSTRACT Purpose: Analyze the makeup of contemporary femininities through in-depth research into how a group of assiduous readers of high fashion blogs produces meanings about themselves and the social relationships in which they are involved. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The study advances in the understanding of how social relationships are complex complexions and blogs, tools of virtual publication of the content of daily activities of their idealizers, in new spaces influencing the construction of the subjectivity of individuals or even understanding them as contemporary forms of organization. Key methodological aspects: Qualitative study with data collected from virtual observation techniques and semi-structured interviews. Summary of key results: The high-fashion blog as a business organization with a profile of readers presenting common interests and characteristics, in addition to the emergence of femininity as a multifaceted complex of characteristics both near as distant from the old public roles played by women. Key considerations/conclusions: The conception of the blog conjectures as a digital locus where social interactions and market relations are possible. The study also allowed bringing the debate of postmodern feminist approaches to the field of organizational studies, reaffirming the intermittent character of the subjective constitution of the feminine gender in the contemporary emancipatory perspective.

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO DESIGN THE ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT EVALUATION SYSTEM

Urgency of the research. The Ukrainian enterprises are forced to be innovative or at least more reactive to the exogenous changes, and despite of all financial problems to be interested in effective change tools. Target setting. The main market challenges have been solved already by European players and companies in USA and now they are in a focus of the Ukrainian enterprises. Though the European or US market conditions differ from Ukrainian, there is obvious need for the modern practice and techniques to be considered, evaluated by their applicability and implemented into reality. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The previous studies in the field of organizational development are presented by the papers of such experts and scientists as Aldrich H., Armenakis A., Bedeian A., Christensen C., Hannan M. and Freeman J., Quinn R. and Cameron K., Mintzberg G., Scherbina V., Plotinsky Y., Van de Ven A. and Poole M. and many others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. There is still a need for comprehensive and applicable tool-box for the organizational development at the enterprise level, which will allow evaluating of the enterprise evolution and, as a consequence, will make the organizational change man-agement possible. The research objective. The paper aims to synthesize the findings in the previous studies in the sphere of organizational changes and development to construct the comprehensive framework to evaluate the enterprise development. The statement of basic materials. Our assumptions about the organizational development we present as three-pillar model: material resources dynamics, non-material resources dynamic and structure changes The proposed model synthesizes the approaches to estimate the changes in different fields of organizational studies, but at the same time it’s optional and can be modified by implementation of the various indexes. Conclusions. As a result of dependencies analysis we may conclude, that service period of the equipment influence significantly on the development rate of the enterprise, human resources dynamics evaluation can be another significant factor which increase or decrease effectiveness of organizational changes and structure redesign is one of the precondi-tion of the long-run strategy for the change.

The Evolution of Intellectual Structure in Organization Studies between 1990 and 2010: A Research Based on Bibliometric Analysis

The aim of this paper is to reveal the evolution of intellectual structure in the field of organization studies between 1990 and 2010, during which the complicated and diversified developing trends puzzled most researchers. 20386 academic articles from the top 41 journals are selected as the data source. With these data, terms co-occurrence analysis and clustering analysis are conducted with the software of CiteSpace. On the basis of bibliometric analysis, the paper identifies dominating research topics and changes of research focus in organization studies during the past two decades. Results show that the evolution path of organization studies can be traced out by the organizational elements of environment, strategy, institution and personnel, spanning different research levels. Finally the paper discusses the front research in future study.

To whom, what for and how far is the sociology of organization still needed?

Historical development and current state of affairs in sociology of organization and wider field of organization studies have been analyzed in the paper. Sociology of organization has usually been considered to be a sociological discipline, but also a sub-discipline of the sociology of work. Two concepts of organization have been extracted in the sociological studies - organization as a process and organization as a social unit or a state. The agreement of the researchers that we live today in the 'world of Organizations' points out to the relevance of the sociological analysis of social actors and social relationships inside organizations, and consequently the sociology of organization as a scientific discipline. During time, four directions in theoretical explanations of social reality of organizations have been developed - classical, neo-classical, modern and post-modern. These approaches have been the result of the changing social nature of modern and post-modern organizations, as well as different paradigms in their scientific study.

Teoria das representações sociais nos estudos organizacionais no Brasil: análise bibliométrica de 2001 a 2014

Resumo A teoria das representações sociais (TRS), proposta por Serge Moscovici na década de 1960, tem passado por um processo de crescimento e expansão, deixando de ser um corpo de conhecimento da psicologia social para alcançar diversos campos e áreas do conhecimento. Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa bibliométrica acerca da produção científica que envolve a utilização da TRS no campo dos estudos organizacionais (EO), referente ao período de 2001 a 2014. Foram investigadas publicações em eventos científicos organizados pela Associação Nacional de Programas de Pós-Graduação em Administração (ANPAD) e em periódicos brasileiros classificados nos estratos A1, A2 e B1 do Qualis Capes, para a área Administração, Ciências Contábeis e Turismo, relacionados aos EO. Foram identificados 90 artigos, dos quais 67 foram publicados em 7 eventos científicos (do total de 27 edições) e 23 foram publicados em 6 periódicos. Deste total, 83 são de natureza teórico-empírica e apenas 7 são teóricos. A pesquisa bibliométrica permitiu identificar que a utilização da TRS nos EO ainda é incipiente e que, nos artigos investigados, os autores utilizam a TRS de forma superficial, sem explorar o potencial que essa teoria proporciona para a compreensão dos fenômenos sociais. Além disso, foi possível constatar nos textos investigados algumas inconsistências teóricas e metodológicas no uso da TRS, merecendo destaque o tratamento equivocado dos objetos representacionais, a adaptação reducionista do conceito de representações sociais (RS) e a utilização da TRS como método de pesquisa. Como contribuição, aponta-se a necessidade de evolução e amadurecimento da TRS nos EO, tanto em termos quantitativos como qualitativos.

Leadership: Where organization studies meet ethics

Leadership Studies is a new interdisciplinary field of Organization Studies that is growing at a steady rate all over the world. Leadership studies are seen as a branch of Management and Organization Sciences despite its philosophical roots that can be traced back to Plato’s philosophical writings such as Laws, Politics, or The Republic. Starting from Burns’ seminal book, Leadership (1978), and subsequent discussions with American business ethics pioneer Joanne Ciulla, a fundamental methodological question emerged: whether Leadership studies are a normative or a descriptive field of study.