Field Of Neutrino Physics Research Articles

A Complete Magnetic Design and Improved Mechanical Project for the DUNE ND-GAr Solenoid Magnet

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at Fermilab is one the most challenging next-generation experiments in the field of neutrino physics. It will feature two detectors for a detailed study of neutrino oscillations using an unprecedentedly intense neutrino beam. The two detectors are a Near Detector located on the Fermilab site, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$574\,{\mathrm{m}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> away from the neutrino generation, and a Far Detector in South Dakota, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1300\,{\mathrm{km}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> away. Among the three elements of the Near Detector, designed for the best understanding of the neutrino beam and neutrino interactions on argon, ND-GAr is a High-Pressure gaseous Argon TPC surrounded by a calorimeter, in a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5\,{\mathrm{T}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> magnetic field. The needed magnetic field is transverse to the neutrino beam direction and the solenoid will have a 7 m diameter, 8 m long warm bore. To minimise the material budget along the particle path a thin superconducting solenoid with a partial yoke has been designed. The design of this magnet is tightly bound with the mechanics of the detector, resulting in an unprecedented design. In this paper we present the up-to-date magnetic design and a detailed study for the mechanical integration for this magnet.

A Solenoid With Partial Yoke for the Dune Near Detector

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) at Fermilab is one the most challenging next-generation experiments in the field of neutrino physics. It will feature two detectors for a detailed study of neutrino oscillations using an unprecedentedly intense neutrino beam. The two detectors are a Near Detector located on the Fermilab site, 574 m away from the neutrino generation, and a Far Detector in South Dakota, 1300 km away. The Near Detector consists of three subdetectors, based on different technologies in order to achieve the best understanding of the neutrino beam. One key element of the Near Detector is a High Pressure Argon TPC surrounded by a calorimeter. This detector will need a 0.5 Tesla magnetic field transverse to the neutrino beam direction, with a 7 m diameter, 8 m long warm bore. A thin superconducting solenoid with a partial yoke, needed in order to minimise the amount of material along the path particles take crossing the different elements of the Near Detector is proposed. In this paper we present a detailed magnetic analysis and a preliminary study of the cooling, the cable and the mechanics for this magnet.

Water-based Liquid Scintillator detector as a new technology testbed for neutrino studies in Turkey

This study investigates the deployment of a medium-scale neutrino detector near Turkey’s first nuclear power plant, the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant. The aim of this detector is to become a modular testbed for new technologies in the fields of new detection media and innovative photosensors. Such technologies include Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS), Large Area Picosecond Photo-Detectors (LAPPDs), dichroic Winston cones, and large area silicon photomultiplier modules. The detector could be used for instantaneous monitoring of the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant via its antineutrino flux. In addition to its physics and technological goals, it would be an invaluable opportunity for the nuclear and particle physics community in Turkey to play a role in the development of next generation of particle detectors in the field of neutrino physics.

Development of an analysis to probe the neutrino mass ordering with atmospheric neutrinos using three years of IceCube DeepCore data

The Neutrino Mass Ordering (NMO) remains one of the outstanding questions in the field of neutrino physics. One strategy to measure the NMO is to observe matter effects in the oscillation pattern of atmospheric neutrinos above sim 1,mathrm {GeV}, as proposed for several next-generation neutrino experiments. Moreover, the existing IceCube DeepCore detector can already explore this type of measurement. We present the development and application of two independent analyses to search for the signature of the NMO with three years of DeepCore data. These analyses include a full treatment of systematic uncertainties and a statistically-rigorous method to determine the significance for the NMO from a fit to the data. Both analyses show that the dataset is fully compatible with both mass orderings. For the more sensitive analysis, we observe a preference for normal ordering with a p-value of p_mathrm {IO} = 15.3% and mathrm {CL}_mathrm {s}=53.3% for the inverted ordering hypothesis, while the experimental results from both analyses are consistent within their uncertainties. Since the result is independent of the value of delta _mathrm {CP} and obtained from energies E_nu gtrsim 5,mathrm {GeV}, it is complementary to recent results from long-baseline experiments. These analyses set the groundwork for the future of this measurement with more capable detectors, such as the IceCube Upgrade and the proposed PINGU detector.

Letter of interest for a neutrino beam from Protvino to KM3NeT/ORCA

The Protvino accelerator facility located in the Moscow region, Russia, is in a good position to offer a rich experimental research program in the field of neutrino physics. Of particular interest is the possibility to direct a neutrino beam from Protvino towards the KM3NeT/ORCA detector, which is currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea 40 km offshore Toulon, France. This proposal is known as P2O. Thanks to its baseline of 2595 km, this experiment would yield an unparalleled sensitivity to matter effects in the Earth, allowing for the determination of the neutrino mass ordering with a high level of certainty after only a few years of running at a modest beam intensity of approx ~90~hbox {kW}. With a prolonged exposure (approx 1500hbox { kW},,hbox {year}), a 2sigma sensitivity to the leptonic CP-violating Dirac phase can be achieved. A second stage of the experiment, comprising a further intensity upgrade of the accelerator complex and a densified version of the ORCA detector (Super-ORCA), would allow for up to a 6sigma sensitivity to CP violation and a 10^circ {-}17^circ resolution on the CP phase after 10 years of running with a 450 kW beam, competitive with other planned experiments. The initial composition and energy spectrum of the neutrino beam would need to be monitored by a near detector, to be constructed several hundred meters downstream from the proton beam target. The same neutrino beam and near detector set-up would also allow for neutrino-nucleus cross section measurements to be performed. A short-baseline sterile neutrino search experiment would also be possible.

The Physics Potential of a Neutrino Beam from Protvino to KM3NeT/ORCA

The Protvino accelerator facility located in the Moscow region, Russia, is in a good position to offer a rich experimental research program in the field of neutrino physics. Of particular interest is the possibility to direct a neutrino beam from Protvino towards the KM3NeT/ORCA detector which is currently under construction in the Mediterranean sea 40 km offshore Toulon, France. Such an experiment, nicknamed P2O (Protvino-to-ORCA), would yield an unparalleled sensitivity to matter effects in the Earth, allowing for the determination of the neutrino mass ordering with a high level of certainty due to its baseline of 2595 km after only few years of running time at a modest beam intensity up to 100 kW. A second phase of the experiment comprizes a further intensity upgrade of the accelerator complex and a significant densification of the ORCA detector. This would allow for a competitive and complementary measurement of the leptonic CP-violating Dirac phase with a Mton detector but avoiding underground excavation costs.

The importance of observing astrophysical tau neutrinos

The evidence of a new population of diffuse high-energy neutrinos, obtained by IceCube, has opened a new era in the field of neutrino physics. While most of the detected events are without any source counterpart, they are compatible with the standard picture of cosmic neutrinos undergoing 3-flavor neutrino oscillations. We analyze the implications of neutrino oscillations for the present and future experiments, focusing particularly on tau neutrinos. In fact tau neutrinos are very important: even if they are not produced in astrophysical sites, they have to exist due to oscillations, and their observation should be regarded as a basic proof in support of this scenario. Moreover, IceCube's measurement of the flux of muon neutrinos implies that the flux of tau neutrinos is measured within 20%, just assuming standard neutrino oscillations. On this basis, after discussing the experimental signatures of tau neutrinos, we predict the rates for ντ detection in the present and future neutrino telescopes. We show that the present IceCube detector is close to observe the first tau neutrinos, with a probability of about 90%. Moreover the next generation of IceCube can identify about 2 neutrinos per year, reaching an evidence of 5σ in about 10 years, despite the present uncertainty on the spectrum and on the production mechanism. The non observation of these neutrino events would have dramatic implications, such as the questioning of cosmic neutrino observations or the violation of neutrino oscillations over cosmological scales.

Recent Results from Borexino

The Borexino experiment is taking data since 2007 at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy accomplishing outstanding achievements in the field of neutrino physics. Its success is strongly based on the unprecedented ultra-high radio-purity of the inner scintillator core. The main features of the detector and the impressive results for solar and geo-neutrinos obtained by Borexino so far are summarized. The main focus is laid on the most recent results, i.e. the first real-time measurement of the solar pp neutrino flux and the detection of the signal induced by geo-neutrinos with a significance as high as 5.9σ. The measurement of the pp neutrino flux represents a direct probe of the major mechanism of energy production in the Sun and its observation at a significance of 10σ proves the stability of the Sun over a time of at least 105 years. It further puts Borexino in the unique position of being capable to test the MSW-LMA paradigm across the whole solar energy range. The geo-neutrino data allow to infer information concerning important geophysical properties of the Earth that are also discussed. The perspectives of the final stage of the Borexino solar neutrino program that are centered on the goal of measuring the CNO neutrinos that so far escaped any observation are outlined.

Neutrino experiments: Hierarchy, CP, CPT

We present an overview of our recent investigations regarding the prospects of ongoing neutrino experiments as well as future experiments in determining few of the most important unknowns in the field of neutrino physics, specifically the neutrino mass ordering and leptonic CP-violation phase. The effect of matter oscillations on the neutrino oscillation probabilities has been exploited in resolving the degeneracy between the neutrino mass ordering and the CP violation phase in the leptonic sector. Further, we estimate the extent of extrinsic CP and CPT violation in the experiments with superbeams as well as neutrino factories.

The nature of massive neutrinos and multiple mechanisms in neutrinoless double-beta decay

Determining the nature --Dirac or Majorana-- of massive neutrinos is one of the most pressing and challenging problems in the field of neutrino physics. We discuss how one can possibly extract information on the couplings, if any, which might be involved in $ (\beta\beta)_{0\nu}$ -decay using a multi-isotope approach. We investigate as well the potential of combining data on the half-lives of nuclides with largely different Nuclear Matrix Elements such as 136Xe and of one or more of the four nuclei 76Ge, 82Se, 100Mo and 130Te, for discriminating between different pairs of noninterfering or interfering mechanisms of $ (\beta\beta)_{0\nu}$ -decay. The case studies do not extend to the evaluation of the theoretical uncertainties of the results, due to the nuclear matrix elements calculations and other causes.

Penning-trap mass spectrometry for neutrino physics

Penning-trap mass spectrometry (PT-MS) has proved itself a useful tool for exploring neutrino properties. PT-MS can contribute with direct high-precision measurements of atomic mass differences to the determination of the neutrino mass, to revealing the Majorana or Dirac nature of the neutrino, to neutrino oscillometry, and to the search for the existence of keV-sterile neutrinos. The scope of this review is a brief presentation of the major achievements and the future of PT-MS in the field of neutrino physics.

The Nature of Massive Neutrinos

The compelling experimental evidences for oscillations of solar, reactor, atmospheric, and accelerator neutrinos imply the existence of 3-neutrino mixing in the weak charged lepton current. The current data on the 3-neutrino mixing parameters are summarised and the phenomenology of 3-νmixing is reviewed. The properties of massive Majorana neutrinos and of their various possible couplings are discussed in detail. Two models of neutrino mass generation with massive Majorana neutrinos—the type I see-saw and the Higgs triplet model—are briefly reviewed. The problem of determining the nature, Dirac or Majorana, of massive neutrinos is considered. The predictions for the effective Majorana mass|〈m〉|in neutrinoless double-beta-((ββ)0ν-) decay in the case of 3-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos are summarised. The physics potential of the experiments, searching for(ββ)0ν-decay for providing information on the type of the neutrino mass spectrum, on the absolute scale of neutrino masses, and on the Majorana CP-violation phases in the PMNS neutrino mixing matrix, is also briefly discussed. The opened questions and the main goals of future research in the field of neutrino physics are outlined.

REVIEW OF REACTOR NEUTRINO OSCILLATION EXPERIMENTS

In this document we will review the current status of reactor neutrino oscillation experiments and present their physics potentials for measuring the θ13 neutrino mixing angle. The neutrino mixing angle θ13 is currently a high-priority topic in the field of neutrino physics. There are currently three different reactor neutrino experiments, DOUBLE CHOOZ, DAYA BAY and RENO and a few accelerator neutrino experiments searching for neutrino oscillations induced by this angle. A description of the reactor experiments searching for a nonzero value of θ13 is given, along with a discussion of the sensitivities that these experiments can reach in the near future.

The Daya Bay Neutrino Oscillation Experiment

The search for the mixing angle θ 13 , the last unknown angle in the neutrino mixing matrix, is one of the main priorities in the field of neutrino physics. By measuring s i n 2 ( 2 θ 13 ) to better than 0.01 at 90% C.L., the Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has the highest sensitivity to this parameter among all the other experiments that are currently operating or under construction. The experiment consists of multiple identical detectors placed underground at different baselines from three groups of reactors, a configuration that minimizes systematic errors and cosmogenic backgrounds. The main aspects of the experiment, as well as its current status and future prospects, are reviewed.

Short-baseline reactor neutrino oscillations

The neutrino mixing angle θ 13 is currently a high-priority topic in the field of neutrino physics, with three different reactor neutrino experiments under way, searching for neutrino oscillations induced by this angle. A description of the reactor experiments searching for a non-zero value of θ 13 is given, together with a discussion of their sensitivity within the next few years.

Neutrino experiments

This review examines a wide variety of experiments investigating neutrino interactions and neutrino properties from a variety of neutrino sources. We have witnessed remarkable progress in the past two years in settling long standing problems in neutrino physics and uncovering the first evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model in nearly 30 years. This manuscript briefly reviews this recent progress in the field of neutrino physics and highlights several significant experimental arenas and topics for the coming decade of particular interest. These highlighted experiments include the precision determination of oscillation parameters including θ13, θ12, Δm122 and Δm232 as well as a number of fundamental properties are likely to be probed included nature of the neutrino (Majorana versus Dirac), the number of neutrino families and the neutrino’s absolute mass. PACS: 14.60.Pq Neutrino mass and mixing – 26.65.+t Solar neutrinos – 95.85.Ry Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particles; cosmic rays – 23.40.Bw Weak-interaction and lepton (including neutrino) aspects of beta decay – 13.15.+g Neutrino interactions – 14.60.St Non-standard-model neutrinos, right-handed neutrinos, etc. – 14.60.Lm Ordinary neutrinos (nue, numu, nutau) – 95.55.Vj Neutrino, muon, pion, and other elementary particle detectors; cosmic ray detectors

NEUTRINO PHYSICS: AN EXPERIMENTAL OVERVIEW

The field of neutrino physics is currently very exciting, with several recent results pointing to new physics. I will give an overview of the current experimental situation, focusing primarily on neutrino oscillation results. The data are not entirely consistent however, and puzzles remain. I will then review the new experiments which are poised to solve the outstanding puzzles.

Physics projects for a future CERN-LNGS neutrino programme

We present an overview of the future projects concerning the neutrino oscillation physics in Europe. Recently a joint CERN-LNGS scientific committee has reviewed several proposals both for the study of atmospheric neutrinos and for long (LBL) and short baseline (SBL) neutrino oscillation experiments. The committee has indicated the priority that the European high energy physics community should follows in the field of neutrino physics, namely a new massive, atmospheric neutrino detector and a ν τ appearance campaign exploiting the new CERN-LNGS Neutrino Facility (NGS), freshly approved by CERN and INFN. The sensitivity and the discovery potential of the whole experimental program in the Super-Kamiokande allowed region are discussed.

Future high energy neutrino program at CERN

The paper summarizes the ideas, letters of intent and proposals that have been put forward for the continuation of a vigorous CERN program in the field of neutrino physics. This program is focused on the problem of neutrino mass and mixing. Several options are under study to attack this problem. Short, long and intermediate baseline searches for neutrino oscillations are all being investigated.

Некоторые новые постановки опытов в области нейтринной физики

Некоторые новые постановки опытов в области нейтринной физики