Field Of Literary Studies Research Articles

수학적 형식주의: 물질의 빌둥스로만

This essay examines what is known as mathematical formalism in the field of literary studies by providing a set of referneces from Pythagoras, Kant, Coleridge, Geoerge Boole, Augustus de Morgan, Andrea Henderson to Paul de Man. As varied as it seems, the center of the referential set is Kant. Kant’s aesthetics is one crucial reference in mathematical formalism. Mathematical formalism’s justification for its use of mathematics in the field of art is that Kantian aesthetic form is mathematical. This essay takes one step further from there. I argue that mathematical formalism reveals its true nature when we see that in Kant, there are two different types of mathematics, intuitive and formalist mathematics, and the former gives way to the latter due to its inherent limitations. The limitations of intuitive mathematics is that as it is based on the a priori framework of intuition, it does not allow for the empirical agency of matter. Kant solves the issue by formulating formalist mathematics in his third critique. This transition from intuitive to formalist mathematics makes a case for what can be called the Bildungsroman of matter: unlike mathematical formalism’s static understanding of Kant’s third critique, this essay’s approach captures the moment of formalist mathematics’s emergence from within matter.

Aspects of translation of Russian linguistic realities of N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls” into Chinese language

Abstract In the modern world, characterised by the increasing popularity of world literature, there exists an escalating demand for accurate and culturally adapted translations that convey the semantic accuracy and meaning of the original text. The purpose of this study is to analyze the specific features of translating antonyms into Chinese reflecting everyday realities in N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls”. The following methods were used to achieve the research objectives: hypothetical-deductive, content analysis, and comparative. The study determined that the novel “Dead Souls” is rich in Russian everyday realities and antonyms that convey the linguocultural features of the time within the context of the literary work. In addition, it was revealed that translators face the challenge of conveying Russian everyday realities and cultural features in the Chinese translation. This includes the problem of adapting antonyms that may be unfamiliar or have a different meaning in Chinese culture. The translation of antonyms must maintain semantic accuracy and comparability with the original to convey the meaning and contrast that antonyms create in the text. The study showed that the translation of antonyms can influence Chinese readers’ perception of the text. Their correct rendering preserves the meaning and structure of the original, which is significant for a full understanding of the literary work. As a result of a comparative analysis of Chinese translations of N.V. Gogol’s novel “Dead Souls”, various aspects influencing the translation of antonyms and their role in conveying Russian everyday realities were revealed. Practical significance lies in the use of the findings of this study by the researchers engaged in the translation of literary works, as well as specialists in the fields of literary studies, linguistics, and translation studies.

The Pretense Mode of Fiction. On the Practice of Fiction in Literary Studies

Since the late twentieth century, fiction, once primarily connected to the arts, has gradually become a much-debated topic in a wide range of research fields and disciplines including law and philosophy. However, as many different disciplines are now increasingly thematizing fiction and various usages of the term “fiction” exist, there is danger of mixing up the different definitions of this term, making it difficult to compare the approaches. In order to enable a comparison between “fiction” in those disciplines which this special issue focusses on, this article discusses fiction from a literary studies perspective. The aim is to unfold what it means for a literary text to be considered fiction and by doing so, elaborate on the peculiarities of fiction in the literary field. To facilitate the comparison, some essential distinctions that have become established in German scholarship require explanation first. The differentiation between fictionality as a potential property of texts and fictivity as a potential property of objects within fiction is rarely found in Anglo-American discussions of fictionality in literature but has become a central distinction in German discussions. By distinguishing between these two levels of fiction, it also becomes clear why reality does not necessarily function as fiction’s opposite—an assumption that can still be found frequently, especially in the everyday usage of the term “fiction.” Furthermore, this article will show that literary fictions do not even have to include invented characters, actions, and events, because the crucial point lies in the specific communicative stance authors of fiction demand from their readers. Hence, simply defining fiction as texts or other media that deal with invented characters, actions, or events would be inaccurate according to recent, pragmatic approaches in literary studies that clearly dominate the contemporary discourse on fiction. From the perspective of pragmatic approaches, what constitutes fiction is a very intricate question and cannot be answered by merely focusing on textual or semantic properties. That fiction cannot be determined through the content level will be demonstrated by evaluating the four most prominent and plausible accounts of fiction. After briefly discussing the pros and cons of these major accounts, I will focus on why this article favors John R. Searle’s approach to fiction, which emphasizes the pretense aspect as the peculiarity of fiction-making in communicative terms. The introduction concludes with a discussion of two core licenses that follow from the pretense strategy for authors of fiction, namely the license to choose any mode of presentation for their fictional story (communicative freedom), and secondly, the license to depict any topic and content they want (ontological freedom). Due to its clarificatory purpose, this essay does not offer a new understanding or even approach to fiction. Instead, it provides an overview of the core ideas regarding literary fiction for a readership that might come from various disciplines, albeit the special focus is on law as this issue’s central one. The article is deliberately written as a concise introduction to major approaches to fiction and fictionality in the field of literary studies or literary theory with a focus on the discussion in German scholarship in comparison to Anglo-American scholarship. This is meant to pave the way for the more detailed interdisciplinary and international discourse and discussion which make up the main bulk of the special issue.

Parallel Narratives: Trauma, Relationality, and Dissociation in Psychoanalysis and Realist Fiction

The reciprocal relationship between cultural trauma studies and psychoanalytic discourse on the one hand, and trauma studies and fictional representations of trauma on the other, has been commented on by scholars within the field of literary studies. What connects the representation of trauma in cultural trauma theory, trauma fiction, and psychoanalysis is that it is regarded as something that overwhelms an individual’s capacities for processing and functioning. However, while cultural trauma theory has come under scrutiny for prioritizing too narrow a view of trauma and its representations, the considerable critiques of and revisions to Freud’s theories, developed in the 1980/90s, have been mostly ignored by cultural trauma theorists. In this interdisciplinary article, we draw on relational psychoanalytic perspectives to demonstrate how relational revisions to psychoanalytic theory and techniques, as well as views on dissociation, can offer new perspectives for approaching literary works of fiction, such as the realist novel, which engage with the subject of trauma outside of established trauma conventions. We demonstrate that trauma novels by Lisa Appignanesi and Aminatta Forna parallel these revisions to psychoanalytic theory and techniques, allowing for a more pluralistic and nuanced representation of responses to trauma and suffering.

The Encoding of Emotions in Ogawa Yōko’s Works: Sensory Narration and Mood Tableaux

The present article investigates in what way emotions are encoded in the works of Yōko Ogawa and reveals how their potential impact on affect and feelings unfolds. It argues that emotions predominantly occur in their pre-reflective form, i.e. as affects that are expressed by sensory narration. The study demonstrates that protagonists cannot verbalize or thematize reflected forms of emotions, i.e. feelings, or they stop at the affective level, primarily at the perception of physiological reactions. Sensory narration is embedded in the fairytale-like and yet uncanny-seeming basic mood that characterizes Ogawa’s writing. This mood is largely generated by sequences that will be defined in the present article as mood tableaux. After a clarification of the issue of the quality of mood in the text and the textual encoding of emotions (both affects and feelings), text-based and empirical approaches from the field of literary studies will be incorporated in an outlook on future research on this topic. The hypothesis is that due to the sensory and affective narration style, readers subconsciously shift to an affective perception mode, which subsequently turns into a mode of perception based on feelings. This is because, in contrast to the characters, the reader cannot stop at the affective level and cognitively steps in for the protagonists, i.e. the reader reflects on the affective during the reading process and is moved by the feelings that the protagonists lack; he or she fills the psychological void in the text. This affect-reaction model can also be applied to the works of other authors and, through its symbiosis of text-based and empirical approaches, has great potential for the affective sciences within the field of literary studies.

SACRED CONCEPTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE RITUAL OF LAYING DOWN A CHILD IN THE CRADLE

This article explains a venerable concept that has recently been explored in the field of literary studies. This concept has been reflected in the culture and spiritual life of the people since ancient times. The concept of honoring the sacred world, which is completely intertwined with the Kazakh’s own worldview, customs and family life, reveals the essence of the people. It is known that the Kazakh people, rocking their babies to sleep with lullabies, occupy a leading position in national education. That is why in this work the concept of veneration, which is the main object of research, was considered in the context of the rite of laying in the cradle and poems associated with this rite. We learned the essence of our national character from folklore, saw and clearly distinguished the spiritual nature of the people from the works described in words. However, behind our precious treasure there are still many things to be explored. In the 21st century, when different cultures meet, it is not enough to define Kazakh values; to preserve the national spirit, it is necessary to widely promote the image of national culture - cherished Kazakh concepts. In this article, we have looked at the content of some traditions that have changed over time and considered their meaning. Within the framework of the topic, we have highlighted the concept of sacredness, which, together with the rite, is inextricably linked and testifies to the culture of a particular period. In the course of the article, focusing on the origin of the concept of the sacred, it talks about sacred things that have been evident from the very beginning of human existence.

Mythological heroes, historical figures and characters of world literature in the works of Margaret Atwood

The subject of the research in this article is Margaret Atwood's literary game, which includes work with myths, world history and literature. Margaret Atwood (b. 1939) is a well-known modern Canadian writer, poet, literary critic and critic. Her works include the novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) and its sequel, The Testaments (2019), as well as the fantasy trilogy The Mindless Addam (2003-2013). No matter what M. Atwood writes about, her works are always a story, a complex and multilevel narrative, in the center of which stands the figure of the narrator. Having begun her literary activity in the heyday of postmodernism, M. Atwood combines many features of this trend in her work: literary play, rethinking archetypal images and traditions, deconstruction. Taking as a basis the achievements of foreign and domestic researchers of M. Atwood's work, as well as research in the field of literary studies by M. Atwood herself, we describe how M. Atwood studies, analyzes and recreates well–known patterns on a new basis – in Canadian literature. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) Being a representative of young Canadian literature without a well-formed cultural and literary layer, M. Atwood borrows from the global literary tradition, as well as mythology and folklore, heroes and images that she seeks to "instill" on new Canadian soil. 2) M. Atwood's deconstruction is not the destruction, analysis of an established tradition, but, on the contrary, an attempt to create it through appropriation and assimilation of other people's traditions. 3) M. Atwood, as a rule, takes ancient Greek and European myths and fairy tales as a basis. 4) Working with the characters of wandering plots and textbook works (Shakespeare), M. Atwood often resorts to overturning the established idea of characters, creating doppelgangers and "werewolves".

УЧЕБНИК ПО ЛИТЕРАТУРЕ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПРЕДПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОДГОТОВКИ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СЛУШАТЕЛЕЙ НА ДОВУЗОВСКОМ ЭТАПЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ

This article discusses the issues of teaching humanities to foreign students of additional educational programs. The authors share their experience of teaching literature to students of philology at the pre-university stage at the Institute of International Education of Voronezh State University. The relevance of the article lies in the characteristics of the language of the specialty in the field of literary studies. The relevance of this article is to identify the features of pre-professional training in the literature of foreign students at the pre-university stage of education. The authors emphasize the need to form the language of the specialty among foreign students-humanities, along with students of other fields. A brief overview of productive techniques and methods of teaching the discipline "Literature" in a foreign audience is given. The authors pay special attention to the practical significance of the textbook "Literature. Fundamentals of the Theory and History of Russian Literature", developed and published at the Institute of International Education. This publication is an effective and modern tool that allows you to form the language of the specialty of foreign students-humanities during the pre-university stage of training. The textbook on literature is universal in content for different specialties of humanitarian orientation. It also contains a system of methodological tools that form students not only the basics of the specialty language, but also language and speech competencies. In conclusion, the authors share the results of further training of graduates of additional educational programs.

In Between Contemporary Approaches to Genre: the Case of the Trauma Novel

The elusive notion of genre has long been disputed in the field of literary studies, with certain voices going as far as to argue for disregarding the notion altogether in the study of literature. This article goes through the relevant schools of thought about genre and its functions, settling finally on one contemporary approach devised by Amy Devitt, which is then upgraded and employed in the analysis of two of the most famed contemporary trauma novels: On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous by Ocean Vuong and A Tale for the Time Being by Ruth Ozeki. The hypothesis of the paper is that the thorough and specialized knowledge about trauma which has been widely made available to society at large transpires in the writings of contemporary authors at the formal level of novel creation, a level which, if understood correctly, serves to uncover more meaning from the novels, producing a deeper level of philological understanding, as the formalities of the trauma novel contemporarily seem to mimic psychotherapeutic trauma approaches.

Surrealismo, poesia e visualidade: Pelo universo das contra-imagens

Taking as a starting point the work of two precursors of the Surrealist revolution in Portugal in the 1940’s and 1950’s, this essay will engage in a metacritical commentary around the debate on literary and artistic experimentations that break with outdated models, eliminate the dissipation of the distance between lyric, narrative and plasticity by means of medial combination, and instabilize the traditional dynamics of aesthetic reception. The problematization of the dialogue between poetry and visual narrative allows us to perform a reading of hybrid works under the light of theories from the field of Literary Studies and Intermediality, applied here directly to the productions of Mário Cesariny (1923-2006) and Mário-Henrique Leiria (1923-1980), whose centenaries are celebrated in 2023.

The role of phraseologisms in shaping stylistic peculiarities of scientific texts

The aim of the study was to analyse the role of phraseology in shaping stylistic peculiarities of scientific texts using the Ukrainian language as an example. Quantitative, descriptive, statistical, comparative, hermeneutic, contextual analysis and close reading methods were used in the analysis. The specifics of the study is the focus on scientific texts in the field of literary studies, which enables a broader vision of the functions performed by phraseological units in the studies. Phraseological units are classified into 5 main groups according to lexico-semantic function and notional words: indicative, related to career and social connections, related to religion, related to philosophy and culture, and related to time and space The results demonstrate the indicative function of the phraseological units in the text — conveying information to the readers and focusing their attention on the key points of the study. The academic novelty of the research is the use of the texts on the Humanities due to the appeal to images that are universal for the readers’ minds as examples of the use of phraseological units in a scientific style. Prospects: Further studies may diversify the sample of materials for the analysis of the use of phraseological units in scientific style in general, and in interdisciplinary studies on the Humanities in particular.

DOMINANTS OF METAMODERNISM: CRITICAL RECEPTION

This article analyzes developments in the field of literary studies that concentrate on the aesthetics of metamodernism. Researchers emphasize the following inherent characteristics of contemporary fictional writings: a return to modernist-style experimentation, the reconstruction of grand narratives rejected by postmodernism, oscillation between different aesthetic palettes, openness, a return to history, depth, affect, and new sincerity. The identification of these dominants in contemporary literature provides grounds for asserting the «waning» and exhaustion of postmodernism and the development ofa new way of narrativization and understanding of reality, which encompasses both the realities of high technological progress and economic instability.Scholars argue that innovative spirit of the early twentieth century serves as the foundation for the metamodernism of the twenty-first century. Metamodernism explores how the modernists expanded the horizons of literary potential by challenging well-established notions of narrative consistency. In contemporary fiction, we witness a response to modernism as an artistic endeavor that transcends borders, finding expression in various cultures. Metamodernist narratives, in this context, set themselves apart from an earlier form of modernism by embracing a self-aware and enduring commitment to rebellion and the presentation of the unfamiliar as literary innovations that emerged specifically during the early twentieth century.The metamodern turn’s oscillation between «irony and sincerity» can be seen as a thought-provoking response to the complex political landscape of an era marked by economic instability. In a world where economic uncertainties often shape political agendas and public discourse, this dynamic interplay between irony and sincerity reflects the multifaceted nature of contemporary political engagement.

Коммуникативная функция ольфакторных образов в романах П. Зюскинда «Парфюмер» и Т. Салиха «Сезон миграции на Север»

The article deals with the comparison of olfactory images in Patrick Suskind’s novel Perfume and Tayeb Salih’s The Season of Migration to the North in the communication context of Arab and European cultures. The initial theoretical point, based on the existing developments in the field of literary studies and cultural studies, is the idea of olfactory images as an essential component of the poetics of a work of art. The role played by olfactory images in revealing the characters of the two heroes Jean-Baptiste Grenouille and Mustafa Said is considered. Both heroes share similarities: on the one hand, they have a gift, and on the other, they are alienated from society: they feel lonely, their position in the world is that of an outcast. However, for Grenouille, this alienation is due to his personal features, while Mustafa Said’s psychological problems are connected with the colonial past of his homeland, Sudan. With the help of fragrances, both heroes are trying to restore the destroyed communication links – to evoke love to themselves and assert themselves. The article examines the relationship between olfactory images and the image of the homeland of both heroes. In the novel Perfume, the olfactory image of Paris is represented exclusively in a repulsive way. In the novel The Season of migration to the North, smells, by contrast, return the hero to his childhood, help him achieve harmony with himself and with nature. Olfactory images play an important role in revealing the problem of the protagonist’s communication with women. Grenouille artificially creates a fragrance that causes erotic temptation in the people around him. Salih’s novel also shows the connection between olfactory images and the motives of seduction, however, Mustafa Said does not create artificial smells, but uses natural smells to arouse the interest of his potential victims. The article concludes that the communicative functions of olfactory images in both novels are similar, but their differences are determined by the specific features of Arab and European culture.

Analysis of presidential regulations concerning cyber security to bolster defense policy management

As a developing country, Indonesia must effectively manage its national defense by implementing defense policies which can be interpreted as management activities that transform into defense policy management entities. The objective is to protect against various dangerous threats resulting from the dynamics of the current strategic environment, which continues to undergo rapid and significant changes. Cyber threats pose a potentially dangerous threat that has a multidimensional impact. Therefore, this article analyzes one of the Indonesian government's efforts to deal with cyber threats, which is in the form of Presidential Regulation No. 47 of 2023. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach in the field of literacy studies, drawing on reputable sources such as journals, books, and internet materials. It investigates the management measures and strategies implemented by Indonesia to combat cyber threats in accordance with presidential regulations for cybersecurity. These findings elaborate on the implementation of presidential regulations that concentrate on cyber crisis management and national cyber security strategy as a suitable and praiseworthy response to the constantly evolving cyber threats. Nonetheless, addressing several challenges requires strategic competencies in leadership to formulate cyber defense policies and strategies and carry them out optimally.

Millennium celebrations in Hungary

AbstractThis study examines the Millennium exhibition held in Budapest in 1896, highlighting the constructed nature of the celebration which put an end to the debates of historians by a legislative decision, as well as the functioning of the commemoration, the role of visual components and certain other aspects of the exhibition regarded as a central event. It also brings together undertakings from the fields of literary studies and fiction which relate to or capitalise on the period, and which are interesting from the point of view of functionality and popularity.

Stevens’s Poetics of Atmosphere in “Sea Surface Full of Clouds”

Stevens’s Poetics of Atmosphere in “Sea Surface Full of Clouds” Thomas Sorensen Bo Ya the qin [zither] player strummed, his thoughts on climbing tall mountains. Ziqi the woodcutter, happening nearby, said, “How splendidly you play! Soaring like the mountains!” Another day, Bo Ya’s thoughts turned to flowing waters, and Ziqi said, “Your qin! It roils and washes like a river!” The two became fast friends, and years later when Ziqi died, Bo Ya smashed his qin and cut its strings. Till the end of his days he never played again because nobody in the world could hear his tone.1 A PLACE, whether a mountain slope or a river side, evokes an im- pression characteristic of that place. A melody evokes an impres- sion characteristic of that melody. It is possible for these impressions to resemble one another. A hard-to-describe aesthetic quality unifies places and works of art alike, and watches over their correspondences. We sometimes call this quality “atmosphere,” a metaphor old enough to have achieved the consistency of a term. We are used to speaking of the serious atmosphere of a meeting room or the tense atmosphere of a family reunion. Even restaurant menus or hotel brochures showcase their venues’ cozy, relaxed, or professional atmospheres. When we speak of atmosphere in this way, we indicate the aesthetic impression of an environment as a whole.2 Unlike other aesthetic effects, atmosphere is not confined to a part or a subset of parts: everything in an environment tinges the atmosphere, no matter how minute. To paint the walls a different color, to change the music playing, to rearrange the furniture, necessarily alters the atmosphere of a given room. The work of the German philosopher Gernot Böhme has recently initiated a surge in the critical analysis of atmosphere. What distinguishes Böhme’s work from earlier investigations is that he theorizes not only the nature but also the production of atmospheres. It is now possible to consider not only what atmospheres are, but also how artists consciously [End Page 73] orchestrate them. The past twenty years have seen studies of atmosphere in fields as diverse as architecture, cognitive science, and anthropology.3 Although literary studies is somewhat late to the game, critics have already begun to develop the promise of atmosphere as an enabling term for such fields as ecocriticism, affect theory, post-Marxism, critical race theory, and new formalism.4 With the exception of Anna Jones Abramson’s 2018 article on Joseph Conrad, however, most of these studies treat atmosphere thematically, at the level of the text’s ideational content. We still lack the critical apparatus for analyzing the specific formal strategies that authors devise to generate a distinct, pervasive sense of atmosphere. Yet I can’t imagine any debate in literary studies that wouldn’t benefit from the development of this apparatus. Any stakes literary criticism pursues necessarily draw upon textual data, and these require attention to atmosphere. Thus, although my interest here will be mainly formalist, I want to undertake the following investigation with an eye to extending established approaches to atmosphere in the field of literary studies. Ever since the New Critics set the terms of the debate in academic poetry studies, atmosphere has been considered too nebulous for analysis. In Seven Types of Ambiguity, William Empson is blunt about the limits of its usefulness: “Criticism can only state that it is there” (qtd. in Stanley 121). In Understanding Poetry, Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren admittedly read Edgar Allan Poe’s “Ulalume” as a case study in atmospheric style, yet they approach atmosphere only implicitly, as a side effect of more definite formal variables such as rhythm and imagery (358–62). More recently, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht’s Atmosphere, Mood, Stimmung: On a Hidden Potential of Literature investigates how literary texts “soak up the atmosphere of their times” and then release it into the air of later generations, so that when we read Shakespeare’s sonnets we cannot help but experience the atmosphere of Shakespeare’s London (40). However, like the New Critics, Gumbrecht remains “skeptical about the power of ‘theories’ to explain atmospheres and moods,” and doubts the “viability of ‘methods...

A Stylistic Analysis of Lexical, Cohesion and Context Features of the Literary Styles in the Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar' by Roald Dahl and 'The Little Lantern' by Ghassan Kanafani: A Contrastive Study

The most popular field in literary studies is stylistics. Its goal is to discover the language use and meaning patterns seen in literary writings and to demonstrate the formal elements' functional value in such texts. This study is an attempt to discuss the linguistic and stylistic features of two famous English and Arabic children's short stories in the 20th century by famous writers. The English story being Roald Dahl's Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar, and the Arabic story: the Little Lantern by Ghassan Kanafani. Due to their differences in grammar and syntax, Arabic and English belong to separate language families. This paper's major goal is to compare and contrast the lexical, contextual, and coherence aspects used in English and Arabic children's stories. This study is based on a stylistic examination of two works, one in Arabic and the other in English. The writer of both texts employs lexical, context, and cohesion aspects to depict the social and cultural contexts of their respective texts. The study of stylistic variety in languages and how its users take advantage of it is known as 'stylistics'. This definition is unquestionably broad enough to include everyone who uses the word 'stylistics' and would wish to be included. To examine the two texts in this study, the Short and Leech (2007) approach will be used. The researcher explains the linguistic devices utilized in each text and demonstrates the reasons for doing so.

Kuban State University: Russian Philology on the 45th Parallel

The article represents the history and modernity of philological scholarship in Kuban State University, the oldest university of classical education in the south of Russia, which has been preserving and developing the traditions in the sphere of education, science and social and educational activity since 1920. The authors describe the principal directions of philology development at the faculty: teaching Russian language and literature, academic research work in the field of literary studies, the history of Russian literature from its beginning up to present times, including literature of Russian expatriate community, literature of the peoples of Russia, literary regional studies, literary criticism, folklore studies, etc. One of the main directions of the research activities which the scholars have chosen is the search and comparison of the universal and nationally specific in the works of foreign and Russian poetry and prose. The problems of contemporary Russian language are discussed in the research and development project “Russian language potential”. The scholars of Kuban State University devote a lot of attention to studying Russian language from the perspective of psycholinguistics, cognitive linguistics, linguoculturology, cross-cultural communication, sociolinguistics, terminology studies, discourse theory. The leading idea of scholarly interests of professors and associate professors is the theme of “Linguoaxiology”, revealing a valuable component of Russian language unit and Russian discourse field. It’s necessary to point out that the research of linguistic and methodological basic training of Russian as а Foreign language/Russian as Non-Native language, the training of specialists in this field, questions of linguo-didactic testing in Krasnodar region are carried out only at the department of Russian as а Foreign language at the Kuban State University. The scholars deal with the description of the semantics of Russian language, study the regional cultural component of onomastics and problems of language policy. The development and teaching of Russian as а foreign language are also aimed at the perception of the uniqueness of Russian civilization. Russian philology on the 45th parallel is trying to preserve and develop the world of the Russian word, and the Russian world as a concept containing natural bounds of language, mentality and culture.

In the World Republic of Letters: Towards a Reconceptualisation of the Notion of Weltliteratur

The paper problematises the origins, characteristics, and implications of the term Weltliteratur, proffering critical insights into its interdisciplinary, transnational character and presuppositions about its discontinuous development. Having been initially conceptualised as a heretofore undeveloped research area, the domain of “world literature” is first eulogised as worthy of further scholarly attention by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in the late 1820s – the time of political unrest and multiple socio-cultural changes. As such, the idea also seems to have been of paramount interest to the ancients (H. M. Posnett), in which sense it may be portrayed as borderline anachronistic. Conversely, it does possess and evoke great resonance in future writers, thinkers, and intellectuals alike, resulting in its many reconceptualisations, not only in the field of literary studies but also in numerous nascent or still-developing disciplines such as comparative literature, genology, translation criticism, hermeneutics, cultural studies; furthermore, it is equally relevant for a number of various thematic poetics. Engaging in a dialogue with Reinhart Koselleck’s “conceptual history” alongside its highly idiosyncratic theoretical apparatus, the present paper adapts and reappropriates Koselleck’s nomenclature with a view towards a preliminary systematisation of anticipatory mechanisms which influenced the reception of the category of Weltliteratur as much as they governed its subsequent re-development, be it in academia or in twentieth- and twenty-first-century public discourse. In this sense, Goethe’s prescient analysis of various national literatures as well as of the heterogeneity of artistic discourses of his time may be said to have laid the foundations for new comparative research methodologies, and, by extension, to what Pascale Casanova would eventually name as “the world republic of letters.”

DOSSIER: RESISTANCE STUDIES IN THE FRONT OF CATASTROPHE AND THE STATE OF EXCEPTION

The production of a dossier entitled Studies of resistance in the face of catastrophe and the state of exception arises from the need to strengthen research on forms of resistance in different lines of action that assert themselves in the field of literary studies. In this sense, we seek to bring together texts by researchers who collaborate with the qualification and development of scientific and intellectual dissemination in dialogical processes between the areas of History, Philosophy, Psychoanalysis, Cinema, Visual Arts and Literature. This is affirmed due to the significant reflections on ways contrary to totalitarianism, authoritarianism and other forms of oppression. The categories Resistance and Testimony are present in studies such as those by Alfredo Bosi, Augusto Sarmento-Pantoja, Bárbara Harlow, Giorgio Agamben, Jaime Ginzburg, Márcio Seligmann-Silva, Michel Foucault, Paul Ricœur, Tânia Sarmento-Pantoja, Sigmund Freud, Stuart Hall, Theodor Adorno, Tzvetan Todorov, Walter Benjamin, among others, who have shown a broad theoretical-critical insertion in investigations related to Cultural Studies, Sociological Criticism, Historical Materialism and Discourse Analysis. This mobility through different theoretical-methodological approaches is a consequence of the principles and reasons that govern the Resistance and Testimony categories: the need to oppose forces that try at all costs and in the most varied ways to domesticate, subdue, submit, massacre, destroy. The struggles for freedom, for fundamental human and civil rights, for justice and dignity are imperatives that make up the speculative core of Resistance, as the category offers many possibilities for reflection on authoritarianism related to States of Exception, as is the case of Dictatorships. The production of a Dossier that discusses the topic at hand is, finally, an effort to consolidate, disseminate and interconnect scientific knowledge with regard to research guided by social commitment. This is strengthened even more when we find that, at the present time, extremist groups occupy the streets of our country in defense of the values and practices of the civil-military dictatorship, idealizing them to simultaneously obstruct the critical knowledge pertinent to that period and also silence its reverberations in the cultural, educational, social and political spheres. Thinking about alternatives contrary to such actions and strategies of oppression, like the dossier Studies of resistance in the face of catastrophe and the state of exception, becomes an indispensable act for contemporary scientific thought.KEYWORDS: Resistance. A testimony. Catastrophe. State of Exception.