Field Of Juvenile Delinquency Research Articles

Effectiveness, working mechanisms, and implementation of youth-initiated mentoring for juvenile delinquents: a multiple-methods study protocol

BackgroundThe societal costs associated with juvenile delinquency and reoffending are high, emphasising the need for effective prevention strategies. A promising approach is Youth-Initiated Mentoring (YIM). In YIM, professionals support youths in selecting a non-parental adult from within their social network as their mentor. However, until now, little (quasi-)experimental research has been conducted on YIM in the field of juvenile delinquency. We will examine the effectiveness, working mechanisms, and implementation of YIM as a selective prevention strategy for juvenile delinquents.MethodsThis multiple-methods study consists of a quasi-experimental trial and a qualitative study. In the quasi-experimental trial, we aim to include 300 juvenile offenders referred to Halt, a Dutch juvenile justice system organisation which offers youths a diversion program. In the Netherlands, all juvenile offenders between 12 and 18 years old are referred to Halt, where they must complete the Halt intervention. Youths will be non-randomly assigned to region-matched non-YIM-trained and YIM-trained Halt professionals implementing Care as Usual (CAU, i.e., the Halt intervention) or CAU plus YIM, respectively. Despite non-random allocation, this approach may yield comparable conditions regarding (1) the characteristics of professionals delivering the intervention and (2) case type and severity. Youth and caregiver(s) self-report data will be collected at pre-and post-test and a 6-month follow-up and complemented with official Halt records data. Multilevel analyses will test whether youths following CAU plus YIM show a stronger increase in resilience factors and a stronger decline in the need for formal support and delinquency than youths following CAU. In the qualitative study, we will organise focus group interviews with YIM-trained professionals to explore boosters and barriers experienced by professionals during the implementation of YIM.DiscussionThe proposed study will help identify the effectiveness of YIM in strengthening resilience factors and possibly decreasing juvenile delinquency. In addition, it may offer insights into how and for whom YIM works. Finally, this study can help strengthen the implementation of YIM in the future.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.Gov (# NCT05555472). Registered 7 September 2022. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05555472?cond=Youth+Initiated+Mentoring&draw=2&rank=1.

Проблемы организации работы отделений исправительных детских приютов для несовершеннолетних преступников при монастырях Ставропольской и Екатеринодарской епархии в конце XIX – начале XX вв.

Introduction. At the present stage of development, society faces the problems in the field of high levels of juvenile delinquency and adolescent deviation, which were typical of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. In the practice of criminal and penal legislation, the application of imprisonment to them often remains the only form of punishment. As part of the search for an optimal model for achieving a corrective effect, it is interesting to refer to the existing historical experience. A comprehensive inclusion of the public to solve the situation was one of the forms of combating juvenile delinquency since the second half of the 19th century. One of the instruments of state policy in this area was the active involvement of the monasteries of the Russian Orthodox Church, which were to become the leading body in the fight against and prevention in the field of juvenile delinquency. Materials and methods. By the example of the organization of the work of correctional shelters, founded in 1898 at the monasteries of the Kuban region, the authors analyze their activities, the difficulties in organizing work with the contingent within the monasteries of the entire Caucasian department. The conclusion becomes relevant that success in the activities of prevention and correction was possible only with the wide involvement of the public, the training of pupils of shelters in professions that are in demand on the labor market, a combination of various programs and religious educational practices, in close cooperation with the executive authorities of the region. Analysis. An appeal to the history of correctional institutions in the North Caucasus can help improve the organization of work in relation to juveniles who committed crimes in the implementation of the strategy for the execution of punishments. Results. As the results of the study showed, this experiment did not receive wide support not only in the region, but throughout the empire. And only thanks to the help of the public in organizing the work and maintenance of the orphans, with limited funding from the state, the monasteries managed to establish the process of rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents. In combination with the use of various educational systems and programs, school and labor training, various methods of education and mentoring, the monasteries contributed to the correction of minors.

Family Factors and Their Effects on Child Violent Behavior

The results from recent criminological research in the field of juvenile delinquency, address the family as an important factor that can influence on the children violent behavior. According to these findings, this paper will elaborate and analyze part of family characteristics that can influence, as a risk factors for children violent behavior.
 There are many characteristics that are related to the family which can be put in some correlation with the violent behavior of the child. Thus, the way the family function, the relationships that exist between family members, the size of the family, but also the circumstances in which family lives (especially economic circumstances) can further deepen or emphasize the negative individual characteristics of children. The upbringing style, the lack of attention, parental rejection, parental indulgence, negligence, the violent behavior in the home (physical and verbal aggression between parents and parent towards a child), increases the likelihood of negative behavior in children. In addition to the above-mentioned factors, based on a research review on child aggressive behavior, it has been concluded that the absence of a father, loss of a parent through divorce or death are factors that also can be associated with childhood aggression. Among the important family factors that will also be analyzed in this paper are the presence of alcoholism, criminal, and aggressive behavior in the family.

ПРИНЦИПИ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ ОРГАНІВ ВИКОНАВЧОЇ ВЛАДИ, МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ ТА ЮВЕНАЛЬНОЇ ПРЕВЕНЦІЇ У СФЕРІ ЗАПОБІГАННЯ ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯМ СЕРЕД НЕПОВНОЛІТНІХ

Правове регулювання діяльності владних органів здійснюється на основі відповідних правових принципів. Вони становлять основу системи законодавства, є фундаментальним початком права та створюють основу для правового розвитку як відповідних сфер, так і держави взагалі. Нормативність принципів проявляється в тому, що вони або закріпленні в нормативно-правових актах, або є орієнтиром для удосконалення правової системи та нормативної основи шляхом їх внесення. Взаємодія органів виконавчої влади, місцевого самоврядування та ювенальної превенції у сфері запобігання правопорушенням серед неповнолітніх – це управлінська взаємодія, яка здійснюється відповідно до певних правових принципів. Вони визначають вихідні положення та теоретичні ідеї, що віддзеркалюють об’єктивні закономірності діяльності органів влади та становлять основу їх діяльності. Принципи є взаємопов’язаними, мають відповідну системність та є універсальними. Їх універсальність проявляється в їх єдності та наявності загальних основ ідейного, смислового змісту права. Система принципів права є певним єдиним об’єктом, складові частини якого взаємозалежать один від одного, при цьому кожен з принципів взаємодіє з іншими та має свої особливості та характеристики. У статті розкрито поняття «принципи», основні їх характеристики. Також у статті запропонований основний їх перелік, який не є вичерпним, проте погляду досягнення максимально значущого результату вони є найбільш важливими. Це принципи верховенства права, законності, єдності цілей та завдань, науковості, гласності та інформованості, демократизму, рівноправності, плановості, системності, взаємної відповідальності, безперервності. Звичайно, проводити поділ принципів на основні та другорядні, більш або менш значущі недоречно, проте відзначити принципи, що дають найбільшу ефективність та щодня використовуються, вважаємо за доцільне. З огляду на специфіку та характерні особливості правових принципів владні органи можуть побудувати роботу так, що її результативність буде максимальною, а кількість злочинів, що скоюють неповнолітні, зменшиться.

Pojmovno-kategorijalni aparat socijalnog rada u oblasti maloljetničkog prestupništva kao odraz teorijskih pristupa

Starting from the fact that theories of social work form a specific language, the subject of research is the conceptual-categorical apparatus of social work in the field of juvenile delinquency, as an indicator of theoretical foundations in the practice of social work. The basic research question is whether the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the profession of social work reflects traditional theoretical conceptions (positivist and structural-functional) or contemporary (existentialism, interactionist-constructivist, and radical-critical). By means of analysing the contents of 100 official documents collected from five centres for social work in the Republic of Srpska, we identify the key terms, the frequency of using these terms, and the context in which they are used. The results of the research show that the conceptual-categorical apparatus of the profession of social work reflects the positivist-structural-functionalist theoretical conceptions. The traditional approaches in social work, those of correctional-protective social work and the medical model of social work discourage any sort of active participation of social workers. The development of science of social work, the promotion of social work education, and new professional staff should advance the profession in accordance with the basic postulate of modern social work - the production of social changes.

Criminal Responsibility of Children in International Documents and Comparative Study with Iranian Law

Criminal growth, reach the age that person has the power of discernment and full recognition of good and evil actions and understand the legal and religious commandments and on the basis of the criminal in front of their criminal acts, will have criminal responsibility. This article is to examine the criminal liability of children with attitudes to Iran and some countries with international rules. United Nations as a global organization, without following any legal system and also due to the diverse needs of member countries, providing solutions in the field of juvenile delinquency in the form of documents that primarily to improve the national law in this area is rich countries that are not and need international assistance. According to the documents of the United Nations, having a special child rights law is that all children and young people who live in this vast universe, must have it and this national legislation in this regard, it can take effective steps for the rights of children, following the international rules in this area. Criminal growth requires criminal responsibility and with recent developments of the Islamic Penal Code, many former legal forms have been overcome and effective steps have been taken in order to keep pace with human rights law, which has long attached great importance to this issue.

Przestępczość wśród nieletnich a podejmowane działania profilaktyczne

The article discussing the topic of juveniles in conflict with the law presents legal and definitional regulations in the field of juvenile delinquency. Particular attention was devoted to the regulations of the law on juvenile acting. The work contains both disciplinary and financial, as well as disciplinary and procedural elements. At the end, the author focuses on conclusions de lege ferenda.

Diversion measures against juvenile offenders: General considerations and a view to Serbia

In recent decades, one of the key trends in the field of juvenile justice is the diversion from the criminal procedure. The aim of this paper is to present the basic elements of diversion model of juvenile justice, with reference to the current situation in Serbia. The author presents basic ideas and theoretical concepts underlying the application of diversion measures, and also numerous international documents in the field of juvenile delinquency and juvenile justice relating to this issue, as well as some examples of comparative law. The central part is devoted to the application of educational orders in Serbia. The author has endeavored to summarize the structure and trends in the application of educational orders, and also the key problems that characterize this area in Serbia. The paper concludes with specific recommendations for the improvement of the practice in Serbia.

Measuring adjustment in Japanese juvenile delinquents with learning disabilities using Japanese version of Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children II.

The aim of this study was to create a profile of the cognitive and academic abilities of juvenile delinquents (JD) in Japan using the newly validated Japanese version of the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition (KABC-II-J). We administered the KABC-II-J to 22 JD (Mage = 15.9 years, standard deviation [SD] = 1.4), 28 typically developing high school students (Mage = 16.0 years, SD = 0.08), and (as controls) 12 special education students (Mage = 16.9, SD = 0.83) with mild intellectual disabilities. We observed significant differences between JD and typically developing students on learning index of the Mental Process Index, and the vocabulary, reading, writing, and mathematics indices on the Achievement Index. JD had lower scores than did typically developing high school students. Fourteen JD had a 1 SD discrepancy (43%) in scores on these indices. These cases were suspected of having learning disabilities. The KABC-II-J is a suitable means of assessing academic and cognitive problems in JD; professionals working in the field of juvenile delinquency should recognize that offenders might have severe academic delays and learning disabilities.

El desafío de la efectividad en la justicia penal juvenil

This article reflects on the effectiveness of the intervention implemented for juvenile offendersby Social Rehabilitation Programs. Specifically, it develops the idea of effective practices andevidence-based interventions in the field of juvenile delinquency. It analyzes the scope and limitationsto observe the effectiveness of the interventions in the national context, identifying somespecific challenges for the social work.

Notas sobre la delincuencia de menores y el papel del psicólogo

Thearticle atempts to emphasize some ideas considered important concerning the role played by psychologists in the field of juvenile delinquency. It begins with the concept of crime and its penal and legal character by examining different . theoretical and legal conceptions about juvenile delinquency. Different profiles of this delinquency are described, after having made a distinction between «known» and «unknown» delinquency. We refer to «primary» or diffuse social control and to «secondary» or institutionalized control, both applied to delinquency. The most important characteristics and loopholes of the Spanish 4/1992 Organic Law which regulates the attributions and procedures of the Juvenile Court were analyzed. This law is the main legal instrument for the institutionalised control of the delinquency of those adolescents who have not reached the age of criminal responsibility. Next, we examined some of the questions prior to the possibility of considering the intervention of social workers (specially psychologists) in Juvenile Courts. Some possible fields of intervention are pointed out. We describe the main functions included in the role «assigned» to the psychologists, which seems to coincide with the role «assumed. by the professionals working in the Technical Support Teams of the Juvenile Courts. We pay special attention to the role assigned to psychologists in the Juvenile Courts' Law. Finally, we discuss the need to analyze the role into which psychologists (and, by extension, the other social workers) are being incorporated within the Legal System, and possible alternatives.

Clinical Aspects of Forensic Assessment of Juvenile Offenders

Juvenile delinquency is a major public health problem with far reaching consequences not only on the child and the family but also on society generally. Although most individuals who commit crimes as adolescents will stop by age 18, a core group of young offenders go on to be chronic adult recidivists. The group at risk can be identified by early onset and frequency of deviant and delinquent behaviors. This group is associated with impoverished environments, inadequate financial and social resources, family dysfunction, exposure to violent abuse and neglect, genetic loading for psychiatric disorder, and parental criminality. Because of the combination of social disadvantages and externalizing behaviors, this group is difficult to evaluate and treat in normal mental health settings. Court-mandated assessment and treatment offer a unique opportunity to access this high-risk group and provide services not otherwise available. Assessments of severely conduct-disordered children reveal significant levels of co-occurring psychiatric disorders. Thorough assessment to evaluate underlying psychopathology may reveal treatable disorders that may greatly improve general functioning and reduce further recidivism.

A dutch perspective on some of the effects of alternative sanctions

The central theme is the developmental process of alternative sanctions in the Netherlands. Starting-point is the increasing crime rate, especially in the field of juvenile delinquency. At the same time it is clear that the traditional sanctions are not effective. That creates a need of alternative sanctions. The author developed criteria for these sanctions and besides applied these as an experiment in the field of juvenile vandalists in public transport. As a consequence of the positive evaluation the alternative sanctions were institutionalised in the Netherlands by way of the installation of HALT offices in every city.

The precipitation of juvenile delinquecy.

The term “stressor agent” was first introduced to medicine by Selye (1950). Stressors really referred to patho-physiological phenomena associated with shock-like mechanisms, but psychiatrists have made use of the concept and to them stress implies mental conflict, anxiety-tension and defensive re-organization in relation to unpleasant psychic events. This re-organization might be maladaptive and lead to neurotic or deviant behaviour. It is always difficult to isolate a distressing event and attach prime importance to it in the aetiology of psychiatric disorders. What is minor discomfort for one, calling for minor adjustment, may represent severe pain for another by touching on some specially sensitive aspect of the personality, causing drastic emotional and behavioural changes. With these reservations in mind it is possible to extend the psychological concept of stressors to include the field of juvenile delinquency.

Current Developments in the Field of Juvenile Delinquency in Maryland

Juvenile Court Judges JournalVolume 8, Issue 3 p. 54-56 Current Developments in the Field of Juvenile Delinquency in Maryland ALFRED D. NOYES, ALFRED D. NOYES Judge Peoples Court for Juvenile Causes Montgomery CountySearch for more papers by this author ALFRED D. NOYES, ALFRED D. NOYES Judge Peoples Court for Juvenile Causes Montgomery CountySearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1957 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-6988.1957.tb00192.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume8, Issue3September 1957Pages 54-56 RelatedInformation

Social Research and Social Action in Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency

Most workers in the field of juvenile delinquency are painfully aware of the wide gap between the amount of past and ongoing research in this area and the difficulty in translating our knowledge into effective preventive action. No doubt there are many reasons for this difficulty, some of them inherent in the very complexity and scope of the problem. But it is becoming increasingly clear that some, and perhaps major, reasons are methodological: the tradition of our research approach seems to be remarkably sterile.

An Evaluation of Non-Directive Counseling in the Treatment of Delinquents

The success of non-directive psychotherapy has not yet been conclu sively demonstrated in the field of juvenile delinquency. There are conflict ing views and lack of evidence as to the value of non-directive counseling in treating delinquent behavior. It is indicated by some writers that many delin quents are suffering from emotional disturbances and stresses which, accord ing to others, are accessible to this type of treatment and, therefore, would seemingly make good subjects for a study of this nature (Thorpe, 6; Sym onds, 5 ; Combs, 1; Rogers, 4; Pierson, 3). It was the purpose of this study* to apply non-directive psychotherapy, as Rogers describes it (4), and make an evaluation of the outcomes.

Recent Contributions in the Field of Juvenile Delinquency, Child Welfare, and Family Case Work

Recent Contributions in the Field of Juvenile Delinquency, Child Welfare, and Family Case Work

Recent Contributions in the Field of Juvenile Delinquency, Child Welfare, and Family Case Work

This plan, improved by providing that the second part shall be in the hands of a board of experts, has been proposed for the State of New York by Governor Smith. Beginning in the winter of I92.3-4 a series of conferences was held under the auspices of the National Committee on Prisons and Prison Labor for the promotion of the States' Use System of the products of prison industries. Under this plan an agreement would be made by a group of states whereby the prisons of one state would manufacture a certain product which would be furnished to the institutions of a group of states; a second state would manufacture another article, and so on. The principle was rather readily accepted by the delegates to the various regional conferences held, but little or no progress has been made toward putting the plan into operation. On November z and 3, I92.7, a National Conference on the reduction of crime called by the National Crime Commission met in Washington. The meeting had for its chief object, the providing of an opportunity for the exchange of views. Everybody was represented except the criminals. Crime commissions, merchants, associations, chambers of commerce, organized labor, policemen, the President's Cabinet, trained penologists, psychiatrists, the rotary club, and the supreme court, each had its spokesman who presented his own point of view or his particular interest in the reduction of crime.