Field In Bangladesh Research Articles

Development of Submergence Tolerant Rice Variety BRRI dhan79 for Flash Flood Ecosystem of Bangladesh

Tolerance to submergence stress is an important breeding objective for the areas where rice cultivars are subjected to complete inundation for a week or more. Submergence tolerance is an important trait for rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the flash flood-prone ecosystem. The trait is largely controlled by a major gene designated as Sub1 located on chromosome 9. Submergence of rice (Oryza sativa) by flash flooding is a major constraint to rice production in Bangladesh. Quantitative trait loci analyses have revealed that a large portion of this variation in submergence tolerance can be explained by Sub1. A newly released submergence tolerant rice variety namely BRRI dhan79 was developed by hybridization between BRRI dhan49*6/BRRI dhan52 through Marker Assisted Backcrossing and selection method where BRRI dhan52 (submergence tolerant mega variety in Bangladesh) used as Sub1 donor. It can tolerate upto three weeks complete submergence at vegetative stage whereas Sub1 donor mega variety BRRI dhan52 can tolerate on an average two weeks complete submergence condition. It can also tolerate 50-60 cm water stagnation for 15-20 days after de-submergence. The variety has satisfactorily been passed in the proposed variety trial conducted in flash flood prone farmers' field in Bangladesh. As a result, the National Seed Board (NSB) of Bangladesh approved this rice variety for commercial cultivation for the flash flood affected rainfed lowland ecosystem (Transplanted Aman season) in 2017. It meet up all the trait of modern plant likely medium plant heihght (112 cm), strong and stature culm structure, erect flag leaf with stay green leaf at maturity stage and high yield potential with 140 days growth duration (in case of three weeks submergence mature by 160 days). It can produce 5.5 t/ha grain yield under non-stress condition and 4.0-4.5 t/ha yield under three weeks submergence condition. The grain shape of the variety is medium bold. The rice production scenario in flash flood affected region of Bangladesh has been remarkably improved after releasing this rice variety. It has not only change the socio-economic status of farmers but also sustaining food security.

Quality midwifery care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A focus group study with midwives, nurses, and midwifery educators.

Bangladesh has made remarkable strides in the development of the midwifery profession. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has had profound effects on healthcare systems worldwide, including those related to reproductive, perinatal, and maternal health. Given the recent advancements in the midwifery field in Bangladesh, it is crucial to examine the pandemic's impact on existing barriers and the capacity of midwifery professionals to deliver high-quality care. The aim of this study is to describe the possibility of midwives being able to provide quality midwifery care in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. To gather insights, data were collected from July to October 2020 via four qualitative focus group discussions online; 23 actively practicing midwives, nurses specializing in midwifery care, and midwifery educators, participated. The data analysis employed reflexive thematic analysis. The COVID-19 crisis posed significant threats to women's safety and health, with lockdowns exacerbating gender inequalities in society. Midwives faced added challenges due to their relatively low professional status and increased workloads. Insufficient policy implementation further compromised midwives' safety. Fear of contracting the virus and working during their free time also raised concerns about the quality of care provided. Nevertheless, the pandemic provided opportunities for midwives to demonstrate their ability to deliver independent midwifery care in Bangladesh. The pandemic underscored the importance of creating respectful and dignified working conditions for midwives. It revealed that professional midwives can work independently when provided with the necessary space and a supportive work environment. This opens the door for the implementation of a midwifery-led care model. Further research is recommended to investigate the medical safety and efficacy of independent midwifery care in the context of Bangladesh.

Childhood Sacrococcygeal Teratoma: A Histopathological Study

Background: Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a relatively uncommon germ cell tumor and affecting neonates, infants as well as children with a female preponderance. Age is an important predictor of malignancy in SCT. Early diagnosis and management can provide better outcome. Histologically most of the cases are benign in nature. Aim: Since there have been paucity of sufficient studies in this field in Bangladesh. The present study was carried out to describe in various clinicopathological features and histopathological findings of SCT patients. Materials and Methods: The study included 66 patients of SCT operated from 2015 to 2021. A retrospective review of different clinical information and histopathological findings was done from the radiological and pathological records available in the Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & institute, Dhaka. Result: There were 44 females and 22 males with age ranging from newborn to 08 years. Forty two children (63%) presented in the neonatal age group. Most of the cases (39) have a size of 5-10cm in diameter. There were 66.66% cases of benign (mature), 10.60% immature and 22.72 malignant teratomas. Conclusion: Predominant cases of SCT are benign in nature histologically and have an excellent outcome after early diagnosis and surgery as well as reducing morbidity and mortality. Delayed presentation and the presence of malignant changes continue to be poor prognostic factors.

Clinicopathologic Evaluation of Wilms’ Tumor in a Tertiary Care Children Hospital

Background and Objective: Wilms’ tumor has been recognized as the most common primary malignant tumor of kidney at childhood. It comprises 5-6% of tumors in the childhood period, and manifests with various clinical symptoms. Since there have been no sufficient studies in this field in Bangladesh, therefore, this study was conducted to investigate its histopathology and different clinical symptoms. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on existing data from 70 children with a diagnosis of Wilms’ tumor at Bangladesh Shishu Hospital during the years 2015-2020. In this regard, personal and disease-related characteristics of patients including age, sex, tumor stage, histopathology, and involved kidney were evaluated and SPSS software and other statistical tests were used for data analysis. Results: The most common age of disease incidence was 2-4 years. In this regard, male and female ratio was 1.5. Meanwhile, the prevalence of an abdominal mass as the most common symptom was 85.0%. Left kidney was involved in 50% of cases and 58 (82.86%) of patients had a favorable histology. In addition, there was a significant correlation between site of kidney involvement and tumor histology (p<0.005). Conclusion: Considering the achieved advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Wilms’ tumor, early diagnosis with regard to clinical symptoms can have a valuable role in its effective management.

Radical within limits: Women’s movements, civil society, and the political field in Bangladesh

Radical within limits: Women’s movements, civil society, and the political field in Bangladesh

Cardiovascular Risk Factors amongst the Patient Living with HIV Attending at Anti-Retroviral Therapy Center of Bangladesh

Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) seropositive individual is at risk of developing disease of cardiovascular system (CVD). There are scarce of research work regarding this field in Bangladesh. Considering scarcity, this study was conducted at anti-retroviral therapy (ART) center of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh to find out the frequency of the CVD and their common risk factors in HIV seropositive patients from March 2017 to September 2019. Different CVD risk factors were assessed in this study. The demographic data were assessed and World Health Organization STEPS questionnaire were used to collect demographic data. The 10-year CVD risk was calculated by using the Framingham coronary risk score (FRS). Mean age of study population was 38, SD= 9.8. Among them sixty-five (65%) were men and thirty-five (35%) were women. About one third were overweight followed by 5% were obese. High cholesterolemia, high triglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were found in 23%, 58%, 14%. and 63% of the HIV patent, respectively. Hypertension was present in 19% and diabetes in 15% of the patients. In Framingham risk score, 19% of the participants had intermediate to high risk of cardiovascular disease within 10 years. The cardiovascular risk factors were common in HIV patients attending ART center of BSMMU, where base line 10-years CVD risk was low. People living with HIV appear to be an imminent risk to develop CVD. Bangladesh Med J. 2021 May; 50(2) : 40-44

A Review and Analysis of Water Research, Development, and Management in Bangladesh

This paper presents a review of water research, development, and management in Bangladesh, with examples drawn from the past and present. A bibliometric analysis is adopted here to analyze the water-related publication data of Bangladesh. Water-quality-related research is the dominating research field in Bangladesh as compared to water-quantity (floods and droughts)-related ones. The most productive author was found to be Ahmed KM for water-related publication in Bangladesh. The arsenic contamination in Bangladesh has received the highest attention (13 out of the top 15 highly cited papers are related to arsenic contamination). Climate-change-related topics have been showing an increasing trend in research publications over the last 5 years. Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100, prepared recently, is a visionary master plan that is expected to shape water management in Bangladesh in the coming decades to adapt to climate change. A set of recommendations is made here to achieve sustainable water management in Bangladesh.

Practice and Economics of Freshwater Prawn Farming in Seasonally Saline Rice Field in Bangladesh

This paper evaluates the production pattern and economics of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming in seasonally saline rice fields in Bangladesh. The reconnaissance survey was conducted on 30 rice-prawn ghers (RPG) in south-west region of Bangladesh. The farmers were found to use their rice fields for farming prawn and rice (aman) concurrently from April/May to January, and for only rice (boro) from January to April. In the RPG farming system, farmers use rain water during wet season, and underground water with salinity of 1-5 ‰ during dry season. The average production of prawn, aman, and boro was recorded as 439.79±90.46, 3155.48±397.33, 4778.54±389.37 kg/ha/yr, respectively. The economic analysis show potentially good return, and the net return and benefit-cost ratio were US$ 1078.35 and 1.25, respectively. The payback period was determined as 9.37 years. The study implies that the culture of prawn in seasonally saline paddy field is economically viable.
 

Development of Algorithms for an IoT-Based Smart Agriculture Monitoring System

Sensor-based agriculture monitoring systems have limited outcomes on the detection or counting of vegetables from agriculture fields due to the utilization of either conventional color transformations or machine learning-based methods. To overcome these limitations, this research is aimed at proposing an IoT-based smart agriculture monitoring system with multiple algorithms such as detection, quantification, ripeness checking, and detection of infected vegetables. This paper presents smart agriculture monitoring systems for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The CHT has been applied to detect and quantify vegetables from the agriculture field. Using color thresholding and color segmentation techniques, defected vegetables have also been detected. A machine learning method-convolutional neural network (CNN) has been used for the development and implementation of all algorithms. A comparison between traditional methods and CNN has been simulated in MATLAB to find out the optimal method for its implementation in this agricultural monitoring system. Compared to the traditional methods, the CNN is the optimal method in this research work which performed better over the previously developed algorithms with an accuracy of more than 90%. As an example (case study), a tomato field in Chittagong, Bangladesh, was chosen where a camera-mounted mobile robot captured images from the agriculture field for which the proposed IoT-based smart monitoring system was developed. This system will benefit farmers through the digitally monitored output at an agriculture field in Bangladesh as well as in Malaysia. Since this proposed smart IoT-based system is still driven by bulky, costly, and limited powered sensors, in a future work, for the required power of sensors, this research work is aimed at the design and development of an energy harvester (hybrid) (HEH) based on ultralow power electronics circuits to generate the required power of sensors. Implementation of multiple algorithms using CNN, circular Hough transformation (CHT), color thresholding, and color segmentation methods for the detection, quantification, ripeness checking, and detection of infected crops.

Two Novel Thermotolerant Methane Oxidizers from a Tropical Natural Gas Field in Bangladesh

Aerobic thermotolerant methane oxidizers utilize methane as a sole carbon and energy source, and predominantly they are associated with the phylum Proteobacteria. Here we present two further new strains (HGS-45: coccusshaped and HGF-47: rod-shaped and vibrioid) of thermotolerant obligate proteobacterial methanotrophic bacteria, which were isolated from an abandoned tropical natural gas field wet soil sample in the northeast of Bangladesh. Strains are Gram-negative, nonmotile, and capable of growth on methane and methanol as their energy sources. Isolates are thermotolerant and could grow up to 52oC, optimally at 42oC, but show no growth at 55 or 15oC. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and phylogenetically, HGS-45 is most closely related to the obligate Type Ib methanotroph Methylococcus capsulatus of the family Methylococcaceae, whereas HGF-47 is affiliated to Type IIa methanotroph Methylocystis sp. of the family Methylocystaceae and possesses Type II intracytoplasmic membrane (ICM) systems. Genes of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) and the methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) were detected by PCR. Southern-blot analyses of genomic DNA from both strains were positive, implying the aerobic biological oxidation process from methane to methanol by the pMMO. Each strain presumably represents a novel species. Furthermore, both strains will increase our knowledge of thermotolerant methanotrophic proteobacterial diversity, cohabitation, and their participation to global carbon cycles as well as signifying biological methane sinks in the terrestrial natural gas field ecosystems. Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 38, Number 2, December 2021, pp 63-71

Miocene seismic stratigraphy and geomorphology of Bibiyana gas field, Surma Basin, Bangladesh

An integrated approach using a three-dimensional (3-D) seismic survey over the Chevron-operated Bibiyana field in Bangladesh along with petrophysical well data and cores provides new insights into the stratigraphic development of the Miocene–early Pliocene Ganges Delta. From this, a sequence stratigraphic model was constructed for the Bibiyana field that more accurately depicts the internal architecture of the reservoir units of the field. As of 2019, Bibiyana field was producing approximately 1.3 billion SCF/day of gas and accounted for more than 45% of Bangladesh’s daily gas supply. The 3-D seismic volumes covering the field area were stratigraphically flattened using multihorizon seismic flattening techniques. The well-log data were also flattened to enable the wells to be tied and visualized within the flattened domain. Core data from the field were examined, interpreted, and integrated into the stratigraphic model. Reservoirs at Bibiyana are divided into a series of sequence stratigraphic units, each recognized by a seismically defined sequence boundary at both the base and the top of the units. Two types of major reservoir sandstones were observed: (1) erosional remnants of shallow-marine, tidal sandstones below sequence boundaries and (2) channel sandstones at the base of incised canyons above sequence boundaries. The focus of this investigation was on the architecture of the main reservoir known as the BB60 series (Miocene Bokabil Formation), containing approximately 50% of the field reserves. The BB60 series reservoir is an erosional remnant below a major sequence boundary (SB60) sealed by the thick canyon-fill prodelta shale of the BB55 interval. Channelized sandstones and associated mass transport deposits are present locally at the base of the canyon and have reservoir properties that contrast with the underlying and adjacent shallow-water, tidal-dominated deltaic sandstones of the BB60 reservoir. Multihorizon flattening of the seismic and well data in concert with 3-D visualization reveals the complexly eroded canyon system, incised into the underlying tidal deltaic deposits of the BB60 series. Similar erosional patterns are present in the underlying BH series reservoirs (Miocene Bhuban Formation), and the conceptual model developed for the BB60 reservoir can be applied and aide the understanding of the deeper reservoirs that are less well imaged by the existing seismic data. The recognition that unconformities with overlying canyon-fill shales seal many of the reservoirs at Bibiyana is critical in understanding and modeling the reservoir architecture and performance over time.

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TO ALLEVIATE POVERTY IN BANGLADESH

Poverty is one of the problems in third-world countries like Bangladesh. There has been an ongoing battle against challenging living conditions-overcrowding, floods, deforestation, erosion, soil depletion, and natural calamities. Quite a lot of programs have been tried since the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, and to tell the truth, most have failed. Each time an anti-poverty program fails, it gives more fuel to the richer class to argue that there's no point in trying to help the poor. However, this is an age of information technology. Almost all of the spheres of human life are contributed by Information technology. Information Technology can change the fate of the poor by helping them to be with the current time and happenings by ensuring their capabilities to access information. The Government of Bangladesh also realizes the importance of the issue, and recently they concentrated on transforming the government services to digitize. As one of the initiatives to empower the poor with information, GOB has launched Union Information and Service Centre (UISC) in all of the Union councils of the country. The private sector started digitization of operations earlier than the government. Now, as the government has also initiated the process, the journey will get a smooth and parallel speed to develop the socio-economic condition of the poor of the country. This paper attempts to explore the capabilities of ICT to reduce poverty in Bangladesh. The study will also try to suggest how ICT can be better used to eradicate poverty. ICT is a rapidly growing field in Bangladesh in recent times. The contribution of ICT in every sector of the country is trying to be addressed to improve the situation. This study is conducted by reviewing the studies in this line to suggest better policies to be formulated. The results show that ICT has excellent capabilities to alleviate poverty despite many challenges to be faced.

GEOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SANGU GAS FIELD, OFFSHORE, BANGLADESH: CONSTRAINTS ON RESERVOIRS

The only produced offshore gas field in Bangladesh, known as the Sangu field, is located in the Hatiya Trough in the east of the Bay of Bengal, and has estimated total reserves of about 1055 BCF GIIP. The early shut‐down of the field in October 2013 may have resulted in significant volumes of recoverable gas being left in the subsurface over a depth range of 1893 m to 3640 m. In this paper, seismic and well log data were analyzed and interpreted in order to investigate the structure and stratigraphy of the Sangu field, together with the lithology, extent and petrophysical properties of the reservoir. The general lithostratigraphy at Sangu has some similarity to that of the Surma Basin of the Bengal Foredeep. Reservoir rocks consist of Miocene and Pliocene deltaic sandstones and deep‐water clastics. The source rock is the Miocene Bhuban Shale which is mature for gas generation in the Hatiya Trough.Three Neogene seismic stratigraphic megasequences were recognised at Sangu and are interpreted to have been deposited respectively in fluvial, delta front and shelf slope or marginal marine settings. Based on an analysis of wireline logs from wells Sangu‐1 and Sangu‐5 and on seismic‐to‐well ties, a series of reservoir units referred to (from the base up) as the T1 (E, D, C, A&B), Supra‐T1, T2 and T3 have been identified. Petrophysical analyses showed that the average total porosity of these reservoir units is >13%, the permeability is in general less than10 mD, and the gas saturation ranges from 24% to 80%. Mapping of the reservoirs shows that the structure at Sangu is an asymmetric anticline with a NNW‐SSE axial trend. Amplitude data have allowed the delineation of two other potential reservoir zones in the field at depths of 2900‐3000 m and 3550‐3750 m. The study will contribute to future offshore gas exploration and development in the Bay of Bengal region based on the geological and geophysical characteristics of the reservoirs delineated.

China’s Approach towards Bangladesh: Development of Partnership or Claw of Subjugation?

China, an Asian superpower with its second-largest economy of the world, is working on the historical Silk Road across Eurasia not only for attaining its economic expansion throughout Asia and Europe but also intending to check her two prominent global competitors, USA and India. Although China has a long history of strong bilateral relations with Asian countries, recently, China is investing in the infrastructural sector of Bangladesh. This rapid growth of Sino-Bangladesh relationship has become a great concern for a time-tested friend and neighboring country, India. It has become a substantial debate of study, at least in the pitch of international relations and power politics.The debate actually leads to some queries, for instance, is China's economic approach towards Bangladesh to check India's power, or to counter the 'Pivot to Asia’ policy of the USA, or to take control over South Asian geopolitics? China's continuous investments in Bangladesh also portrays that China is making a field in Bangladesh to exercise its ‘debt-trap’ strategy in the name of a development partner and her BRI (Belt and Road Initiatives) execution to subjugate the region just like the cases of Pakistan and Sri Lanka. This study tried to critically analyze the Sino-Bangladesh relationship to explore China's factual objects from the geopolitical perspective.

Geological and Geophysical Observations to Determine the Gas Seepage Source of Titas Gas Field Region, Bangladesh

Titas Gas Field, the largest gas field in Bangladesh, has been encountering gas seepages in numerous points at the surface in an area of about 7 sq. km. at the southeastern part of the field since 2006. Gas has been seeping through the water wells, small and large holes in the fields including agricultural lands, in the river and through the cracks in the ground. The present research attempts to point out the source of the gas seepages based on the field studies, wireline log analyses and other available borehole data. A reconnaissance resistivity survey has been carried out around the high seepages area to detect any evidence of shallow subsurface fault. No fault was detected by resistivity survey in the shallow depth in the seepage area and thus fault as a conduit for the seepage could not be confirmed. Primarily, all wells of Titas Well Location (TWL-C) (Titas-06, 08, 09 and 10) were suspected as possible source wells as the surface distribution of seepages generally clusters around TWL-C. Titas-06 and Titas-08 were taken out of suspect list as the gas seepage distributions do not follow well path and cement bonding against reservoir sands including ‘A’ sand in these two wells are also good. Gas seepages follow the well trajectories of Titas-09 and 10 wells but cement bonding against ‘A’ gas sand in Titas-09 also discarded the well as a probable source of the gas seepage. Also, the suggestion that Titas well-03 could be a source of gas seep is also ruled out because of the fact that it is located 3 km away from the seepage area, there is no evidence of any seepage in between the well 3 and the seepage area, and the gas sands are also well protected. The above evidences turned the whole focus onto Titas-10. Gamma ray, resistivity, density, sonic and neutron log signatures recorded initially in the Titas-10 well strongly indicated a major gas sand and has been designated ‘A1’ gas sand. On the basis of various logs including CBL/VDL log it is evident that about 23 meters (3157-3180-meter MD) gas sand at the top which is not protected by cement. It is most likely source of gas seeps in Titas gas field is the gap in the cement protection at the top of A sand in Titas-10 well.
 Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(1): 93-109, June 2019

Genome Wide Association Mapping of Grain and Straw Biomass Traits in the Rice Bengal and Assam Aus Panel (BAAP) Grown Under Alternate Wetting and Drying and Permanently Flooded Irrigation.

Growing demand for staple crops like rice will need to be achieved predominately through agricultural intensification and more efficient use of inputs. To meet this demand it is essential that the genetic diversity within rice is fully utilized. The aus subpopulation is considered an underappreciated resource within that diversity. A new rice panel, the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel (BAAP) of 266 aus accessions was generated with ∼2 million informative SNPs obtained using skim sequencing at ∼4× depth. The BAAP was grown in the field in Bangladesh in the ‘boro’ season under both continuously flooded and Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) irrigation during 2013 and 2014 in Mymensingh and during 2014 in Madhupur. Heading date, grain mass, straw biomass and harvest index were measured. The majority (94%) of BAAP accessions flowered within a relatively small window of 10 days. The AWD irrigation treatment generally caused an increase in grain mass, but no significant genotype by treatment interactions were detected for this trait. Shoot biomass was the only trait that showed evidence of genotype by treatment interaction. The average LD (Linkage Disequilibrium) decay across the genome was 243 Kbp. Genome wide association mapping revealed 115 quantitative trait loci (QTLs). There was little evidence of QTLs specific to the irrigation treatment, and only a few QTLs co-localized with known genes. However, some QTLs were detected across multiple sites and years. These QTLs should be targets for breeding, and include a region around 2.2 Mbp on chromosome 1, a large region in the middle of chromosome 7 and two regions on chromosome 11 (∼10 Mbp and ∼29 Mbp). The BAAP appears to be a valuable addition to the growing collection of GWA mapping populations of rice.

Is blended learning the future of higher education?: Stakeholders’ Perspectives from Bangladesh

Government higher education is extremely cheap in Bangladesh, in comparison to private education. To cover the cost of private higher education, graduate students of private universities who work and study at the same time, face an uphill struggle in finding the right balance. In dire circumstances, they are forced to make a critical life changing choice— either to completely become immersed in work, or leave and pursue fulltime higher studies. In such a situation, blended learning can apparently be the answer, as this will enable graduate students to work and study at the same time. However, as hardly any research has been carried out in this field in Bangladesh up until 2018, it seems too naive to jump to conclusions. This paper specifically looks at the implication of blended learning from the perspectives of stakeholders like students pursuing graduate studies, academics, employers, and housewives. Data was gathered from 10 private universities, six corporate sectors, and dropout housewives, and analysedby employing two theories (Social-constructivism and Dual coding) and multimodal model of blended learning (enriched virtual model and flipped classroom). Findings proved to be interesting. The implementation of online classes on the one hand may help learners to balance the work and study equilibrium, as well as decrease dropouts from higher education, on the other hand would be quite costly due to virtual infrastructural development and teacher training.

An Approach to Estimation of Gas Reserve of Narshingdi Gas Field in Bangladesh with Dynamic Reservoir Simulation

Increasing demand of fuel globally formulates gas as one of the most valuable natural resources. There is lot of uncertainties in estimating hydrocarbon volume correctly from exploration to development stage of a gas field. The accuracy and reliability of data (reservoir geological model, fluid and rock properties) make the implement very hard-hitting. So estimating and updating the gas reserve has become vital issue, as it helps the planners for drawing mid-term and long-term development plan from field development level to national level. This paper presents the study of reserve estimation of a Narshingdi Gas Field in Bangladesh. In this paper, a dynamic reservoir simulation model has been used to perform a history match ?pressure and production? using commercial simulator for reserve estimation. The result of this study is expected to provide Gas Initially in Place (GIIP) and recoverable gas volume. Simultaneously three forecast scenarios have also been investigated. There is no strong aquifer pressure support in the producing gas zone, so gas production continues from the reservoir due to pressure depletion.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 19-23

An Integrated Production Optimization Approach of a Natural Gas Filed in Bangladesh

This paper presents an integrated production model for a producing gas field in Bangladesh. Integrated production modeling is a powerful method for optimizing gas or oil field production planning. This approach combines the reservoir performance, well inflow and outflow relationship and the surface facilities in a single platform to cover all operating envelopes and constrains. Once the model is established and validated, the production forecasts can be generated to study alternative development scenarios against reservoir performances. This allows choosing an optimum production strategy from different options. The method is computationally intensive, therefore commercial software packages are used to conduct this study. PROSPERTM, MBALTM and GAPTM modules from the IPM software suite were used to carry out this work. The current production strategies predict recovery factor of 49.38 % and 40.46% from Upper Gas Sand (UGS) and Lower Gas Sand (LGS) respectively, for next 25 years. An attempt to increase production from this field was considered in this study, since the field is producing only 50 MMCFD while the installed process plant capacity of 220 MMCFD. Several production strategies have been investigated that includes change in the tubing size of existing well, setting up new wells and addition of compressor facilities. Plateau production and ultimate recovery for next 25 years were compared for these scenarios. Initially change in the tubing sizes has been studied for well # 1 in UGS and well # 3, 4 in LGS gives 16% and 3% increase in ultimate recovery from current tubing condition respectively. The effect of adding two infill wells in UGS and two in LGS has also been studied. With additional wells, the ultimate recovery factor increases to 68.5% and 57 % for UGS and LGS respectively. Using compressor and infill wells shows the recovery of 92% for UGS and 71% for LGS respectively.Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 1, 2017: 34-39

Present Gas Reserve Estimation Using Wireline Logging Data of Habiganj Gas Field, Bangladesh

Habiganj Gas Field (HGF) is one of the most producing and promising gas field in Bangladesh which is ranked as second largest gas field in aspects of Gas Initially In Place (GIIP). It formed by a north south elongated anticline which lies in the northernmost end of the 130km long Baramura anticline from Tripura (India) in the south. This paper shows the present gas reserve estimation with a view of four gas producing wells (i.e. HBJ-7, HBJ-9, HBJ-10, and HBJ-11) in account of upper gas sand has been access via the investigation of lithology, wire line logging data and production data are used as parameter for volumetric method. The average water and gas saturation of the reservoir has also been determined by Archie equation. From the previous analysis with logging data of HGF, it was found that the Gas Water Contact (GWC) was at 1458m and at present it is at about 1415m. The upper gas sand lies at a depth of 1320m below the surface and has a maximum gross pay 230m thick. The gas sand shows average porosity 30% (calculated from the combination of neutron and density porosity logs) and average permeability in the range of 2-4 Darcy’s which indicates an excellent quality reservoir. The water saturation of Habiganj gas sand layer is considered for the depth range of 1330m to 1510m with 5m interval in-deed. Thereafter, water saturation and gas saturation of those wells (HBJ-7, HBJ-9, HBJ-10 and HBJ-11) are 27% and 73%, 29% and 71%, 15% and 85%, and 19% and 81% respectively. The gas formation volume factor (Bg) is estimated at about 0.0075 (rcf/scf) for the average 2053.13psi shut in pressure. From the above discussion it is found that the Gas Initially in Place by HBJ-7, HBJ-9, HBJ-10, and HBJ-11 wells are 5.35Tcf, 4.83Tcf, 5.71Tcf and 5.20Tcf respectively and the cumulative reserve for the HGF is 5.25Tcf while the recoverable reserve is 3.13Tcf. This study would be significant implications for reserve estimation and decision making in an effort to explore the present condition of gas reserve in HGF and the techniques described here can be used in other gas field as a base line for projections of gas reserve.