Fiber Cloth Research Articles

Multispecies-coadsorption-induced rapid preparation of graphene glass fiber fabric and applications in flexible pressure sensor

Direct chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene on dielectric/insulating materials is a promising strategy for subsequent transfer-free applications of graphene. However, graphene growth on noncatalytic substrates is faced with thorny issues, especially the limited growth rate, which severely hinders mass production and practical applications. Herein, graphene glass fiber fabric (GGFF) is developed by graphene CVD growth on glass fiber fabric. Dichloromethane is applied as a carbon precursor to accelerate graphene growth, which has a low decomposition energy barrier, and more importantly, the produced high-electronegativity Cl radical can enhance adsorption of active carbon species by Cl–CH2 coadsorption and facilitate H detachment from graphene edges. Consequently, the growth rate is increased by ~3 orders of magnitude and carbon utilization by ~960-fold, compared with conventional methane precursor. The advantageous hierarchical conductive configuration of lightweight, flexible GGFF makes it an ultrasensitive pressure sensor for human motion and physiological monitoring, such as pulse and vocal signals.

Study on the coupling effect and failure mechanism of mesh fabric reinforced polyurea coating

Mesh fabric reinforced polyurethane coating is a typical type of fiber reinforced polymer composite structure. Some designers proposed to replace the substrate material of the fabric reinforced polyurethane coating with the polyurea material. However, there is a lack of research on the analysis and design of this kind of structure. This study investigated the coupling effect between the mesh fabric and polyurea substrate and explored the mechanical behavior and failure pattern of the mesh fabric reinforced polyurea coating. The deformation behavior and load-carrying capacity of the composite coating were also analyzed compared with the traditional fiber reinforced polyurethane composite coating. The main conclusions are as follows: Fabric fiber fracture leads to instantaneous stress pulse in the polyurea substrate, fiber fracture surface, and stress-pulse-induced microcracks lead to the overall cross-section pull-off failure. The polyurea material exhibits a higher strength (10 MPa∼30 MPa). Mesh fabric induced defects lead to a strength decrease of 12.2 % and an elongation decrease of more than 90 %. The mesh fabric could undermine the strength and deformation capacity of the polyurea substrate, playing a negative role in the material's performance. The polyurethane material generally exhibits a lower strength of no more than 10 MPa. The mesh fabric could increase the tensile strength by 14 times. The mesh fabric could increase the strength of the polyurethane coating substrate, bringing a certain strengthening effect. The mesh fabric can be adopted to strengthen the substrate when the substrate material's tensile strength is lower than that of the mesh fabric. When the substrate tensile strength exceeds the strength of the mesh fabric, it is not recommended to use the mesh fabric.

Study of thermally conductive polyurethane/boron nitride composite fibers: Fabrication, characterization, properties and textile applications

AbstractPolyurethane resin (PU) and boron nitride (BN) are used to develop a series of boron nitride/polyurethane (BN/PU) composite fibers by a wet‐spinning method. The thermal conductivity of the composite fibers was improved by blending modified thermally conductive particles with polymer. The improvement of thermal conductivity depends largely on the interfacial effect between them. The results show that PU composite fabric filled with BN functionalized with polyethylenimine and glutaraldehyde (GPBN/PUF) has a high thermal conductivity, revealing an increase of 226% compared to the PU fabric. The GPBN/PUF fabric can reduce the simulated skin temperature by 2.3°C compared with conventional cotton fabric. Additionally, the as‐prepared GPBN/PUF fabric possesses good mechanical stability and washability. This work provides a strategy for developing flexible heat‐conducting fabric.Highlights The stability of the PEI coating formed on the BN surface was significantly improved by GA cross‐linking. The composite fiber fabric has improved thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. The composite fiber fabric can dissipate heat quickly in practical applications.

Hierarchical Composite with Self-Adaptive Anisotropic Deformation for Thermal Protection System.

Rigid thermal protection materials such as ultra-high-temperature ceramics are desirable for applications in aerospace vehicles, but few materials can currently satisfy the emerging high-temperature sealing requirements for dynamic gaps created by the mismatch of the thermal expansion of different protection layers. Here, we design and fabricate a flexible biomimetic anisotropic deformation composite by multilayer cocuring onto fiber fabrics. It displays superior anisotropic deformation, whose longitudinal expansion ratio is 48 times greater than the transverse expansion ratio at specific temperatures. Furthermore, the ordered carbon structure created by transition-metal-catalyzed graphitization and the C/Si synergistic effect resulting from the combination of biomimetic fiber fabrics and SR enable the in situ formation of a high-temperature-resistant SiC crystalline phase within the char layer, ultimately resulting in exceptional thermal protection properties. By constructing hollow structures in situ, the back temperature of the composite, which is only 4.33 mm thick, is stabilized at 140 °C under the condition of continuous butane flame ablation (1300 °C) for 420 s. Multilayer structure and flexible features can facilitate large-scale preparation and arbitrary cutting and bending, adapted to different thermal protection areas.

MnO2/Poly-L-lysine Co-decorated Carbon Fiber Cloth with Decreased Evaporation Enthalpy and Enhanced Photoabsorption/Antibacterial Performance for Solar-Enabled Anti-fouling Seawater Desalination

MnO2/Poly-L-lysine Co-decorated Carbon Fiber Cloth with Decreased Evaporation Enthalpy and Enhanced Photoabsorption/Antibacterial Performance for Solar-Enabled Anti-fouling Seawater Desalination

Comparison of Mechanical Property Simulations with Results of Limited Flexural Tests of Different Multi-Layer Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites.

This article is focused on the experimental study of flexural properties in different multi-layer carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and correlations with the results of finite element method (FEM) simulations of mechanical properties. The comparison of the results shows the possibility of reducing the number of experimental specimens for testing. The experimental study of flexural properties for four types of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites with twill weaves (2 × 2) was carried out. As input materials, pre-impregnated carbon laminate GG 204 T and GG 630 T (prepreg) and two types of carbon fiber fabrics (GG 285 T and GG 300 T (fabric)) were used. Multi-layer samples were manufactured from two types of prepregs and two types of fabrics, which were hand-impregnated during sample preparation. The layers were stacked using same orientation. All specimens for flexural test were cut with the longer side in the weft direction. Pre-impregnated carbon laminates were further impregnated with resin DT 121H. Carbon fabrics were hand-impregnated with epoxy matrix LG 120 and hardener HG 700. To fulfill the aim of this research, finite element method (FEM)-based simulations of mechanical properties were performed. The FEM simulations and analysis were conducted in Hexagon's MSC Marc Mentat 2022.3 and Digimat 2022.4 software. This paper presents the results of actual experimental bending tests and the results of simulations of bending tests for different composite materials (mentioned previously). We created material models for simulations based on two methods-MF (Mean Field) and FE (Finite Element), and the comparative results show better agreement with the MF model. The composites (GG 285 T and GG 300 T) showed better flexural results than composites made from pre-impregnated carbon laminates (GG 204 T and GG 630 T). The difference in results for the hand-impregnated laminates was about 15% higher than for prepregs, but this is still within an acceptable tolerance as per the reported literature. The highest percentage difference of 14.25% between the simulation and the real experiment was found for the software tool Digimat FE 2022.4-GG 630 T composite. The lowest difference of 0.5% was found for the software tool Digimat MF 2022.4-GG 204 T composite. By comparing the results of the software tools with the results of the experimental measurements, it was found that the Digimat MF 2022.4 tool is closer to the results of the experimental measurements than the Digimat FE 2022.4 tool.

Feasibility of Repairing Concrete with Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Cloth: A Comprehensive Literature Review

This review explores the use of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber cloth as an innovative solution for the repair and reinforcement of concrete structures. UHMWPE is a polymer formed from a very large number of repeated ethylene (C2H4) units with higher molecular weight and long-chain crystallization than normal high-density polyethylene. With its superior tensile strength, elongation, and energy absorption capabilities, UHMWPE emerges as a promising alternative to traditional reinforcement materials like glass and carbon fibers. The paper reviews existing literature on fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) applications in concrete repair in general, highlighting the unique benefits and potential of UHMWPE fiber cloth compared to other commonly used methods of strengthening concrete structures, such as enlarging concrete sections, near-surface embedded reinforcement, and externally bonded steel plate or other FRPs. Despite the scarcity of experimental data on UHMWPE for concrete repair, this review underscores its feasibility and calls for further research to fully harness its capabilities in civil engineering applications.

Ultra-fast catalytic oxidation of persulfate by waste fiber carbon with lattice distortion

Every year, a staggering 920,000 tons of chemical fiber textiles are discarded globally, presenting a pressing global challenge of how to extract their high-value utility. This research is dedicated to recovering carbon from waste chemical fiber textiles for catalytic oxidation and degradation of pharmaceutical intermediates in wastewater. Through the interaction of sulfonation and nitrogen doping, a synthetic fiber known as nitrogen-sulfonated doped carbon (SNBC) was skillfully synthesized, resulting in lattice distortion that effectively regulates the p-band center of the catalyst. The result was a significant increase in the interfacial electron transfer rate, which increased the surface electron transfer rate and catalytic removal rate of bisphenol AF by more than 6 times, while greatly reducing the number of oxidants required. This study provides an efficient method for the resource utilization of waste synthetic fiber textiles, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption and high economic benefit.

Advanced antibacterial materials for the prevention of nosocomial infections

Abstract Nosocomial infections, as the most common adverse event in health care environments, have become an urgent global challenge. It is of great significance in solving nosocomial infections to improve patient survival rates and reduce the economic burden on patients. Antibacterial materials play a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections. Since traditional antibacterial materials are not sufficient to satisfy the increasing clinical requirements, advanced antibacterial materials are widely developed in biomedical applications and hospital health fields, aiming at achieving more efficient, longer-lasting, and safer antimicrobial effects. This article outlines the construction strategies and mechanisms of advanced antibacterial materials, including bacterial adhesion prevention, release of antibacterial agents, contact-kill materials, and multistrategy-based sterilization. Meanwhile, the latest progress in advanced antibacterial materials in clinical departments and public environments is summarized and explored, including dressings, medical sutures, implants, bone cements, catheters, plastics products, ceramics, and fiber fabrics. Finally, the challenges and future directions for researches and translations of advanced antibacterial materials are discussed, providing comprehensive reference and guidance for the development of medical system and clinical applications.

A novel AgNFs/MOF/CFC substrate-based flexible SERS sensor for high-sensitive detection of dye molecules

Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials have been increasingly used owing to their high porosity, chemical stability, and semiconducting properties. With the help of MOF materials, MOF-based SERS substrates can exhibit high sensitivity. Herein, we proposed a flower-like Ag nanoparticles (AgNFs)/metal–organic framework (MOF)/ carbon fiber cloth (CFC) substrate-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor for the high-sensitive detection of dye molecules. MOF is used as a signal amplifier to accelerate the approach of dye molecules near AgNFs on the MOF surface and anchor AgNFs on the substrate surface. The detection occurred on the AgNFs/MOF/CFC SERS substrate, providing an enhancement factor (EF) of 5.53 × 107. Benefitting from the signal amplification function of AgNFs/MOF/CFC and the superiority of SERS, this sensor represented high sensitivity performance and a wide detection range. Importantly, the combination of Co elements with silver in the AgNFs/MOF/CFC composite substrate enhances the resistance of Ag to oxidation by atmospheric moisture resulting in excellent stability (the substrate maintained good SERS activity after 45 days of exposure to air) of the SERS substrate. The basic performance of the substrate was evaluated using rhodamine 6 G (R6G). (Detection limit reached 10−12 M) The detection limit of TC was 0.1 ppm. This method provides a potential and cost-effective strategy to develop advanced SERS sensing devices to effectively monitor pollutants in environmental waters.

Study on the decay behavior of a flexible sensor based on silver fiber fabrics

Abstract Flexible sensors are affected by various external factors during their use, such as water, thermal oxidation, and ultraviolet light, which causes a decrease in their sensitivity, but little research has been done in this area. This paper investigates the effects of washing, acid, ultraviolet, and thermal oxidation treatments on flexible sensors made of silver fiber fabrics, and the sensitivity and sensing performance before and after the treatments are compared. The findings show that the flexible sensor in use has a broad response range (0–70%) and strong stability (>1000 cycles). The sensitivity decreased significantly after washing, acid treatment, UV treatment, and thermal oxidation treatment but maintained good stability after 1000 tensile cycle tests.

Permeability testing and mechanism analysis of aramid fiber hybrid fabrics

Aramid fiber composites have exceptional mechanical and insulating properties and are used in ultra-high-voltage power transmission. Fabric permeability is crucial for controlling composite defects. At present, the effective method to improve the permeability of aramid fibers is the hybridization of fiber fabrics. This study investigates permeability tests and impregnation mechanisms of aramid fiber fabric and its hybrid fabric. The permeability of the aramid fiber fabric and the hybrid fiber fabric was measured using a camera and a pressure sensor. The permeability of the fabric was analyzed by observing the structure, surface topography, dynamic contact angle, and surface free energy. The results show that the dynamic contact angle can be reduced and the surface free energy can be increased by hybridizing the fibers and the wettability of the fiber fabric is improved. Compared to an aramid fiber fabric, the in-plane permeability of aramid/glass fiber interlayer hybrid fabric increases by 36.19%, while the in-plane permeability of aramid/glass fiber intralayer hybrid fabric increases by 64.97%. The out-of-plane permeability of aramid/glass fiber interlayer hybrid fabric increases by 16.79%, while the in-plane permeability of aramid/glass fiber intralayer hybrid fabric increases by 30.1%. This study offers theoretical guidance for aramid fiber composite manufacturing and simulation input parameters.

Determination of prickle effect detection thresholds in Llama fiber knitted fabrics

The study delves into determining the detection thresholds for the prickle effect in Llama fiber knitted fabrics, crucial for fabric acceptability assessment, by consumers of garments made from natural fibers. Employing standard evaluation methods involving moistened skin and perception scoring, coupled with the identification of objectionable (coarse) fiber content as a pivotal variable, the research using 41-invited panelist elucidates the intricate interplay between fiber characteristics (diameter) and prickle perception. Despite efforts to mitigate hairiness through finishing processes, the study unveils the nuanced impact of fiber protrusion on the prickle effect, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation approach. Through pairwise comparisons and perception scales, the study unveils strong associations between prickle perception and expression degrees, reaffirming panelists' sensitivity in detecting subtle variations. Statistical analyses underscore significant differences in coarse fiber content and diameter between paired samples, further corroborating panelists' discernment. It can be clearly concluded, from this analysis, the prickle effect detection thresholds in llama fiber fabrics range from 2.36 to 2.42% in coarse fiber differences and from 0.11 to 1.63 microns in fiber diameter difference, in the 95% of the tested cases or more probability. In conclusion, the study delineates critical thresholds (2.36%) for prickle detection in Llama fiber fabrics, offering invaluable insights for fabric evaluation and refinement processes, and emphasizing the heightened sensitivity of finished fabric samples in prickle perception.

Efficient and easily recyclable photocatalytic reduction of Se(IV) from wastewater using stable TiO2/BiOBr/cloth: Mechanism insight and machine learning modeling

Photocatalytic technology is extensively employed for the reductive removal of water contaminants; however, it contends with low catalytic efficiency and challenges in catalyst recovery. In this study, we propose integrating experimental procedures with artificial intelligence modeling to enhance the purification of Se(IV)-contaminated wastewater. We present an efficient, easily recyclable, and cost-effective strategy for photocatalyst fabrication. Specifically, we develop a novel method for Se(IV) removal by immobilizing TiO2/BiOBr onto glass fiber cloth surfaces using chitosan for Se(IV) reduction in aqueous solutions. The TiO2/BiOBr/cloth (TB-4/cloth) catalyst achieves a remarkable 99.2 % Se(IV) removal within 2 h under visible light and maintains excellent Se(IV) reduction photocatalytic activity (86.4 %) even after eight cycles, remaining easily reusable. Additionally, we develop two machine learning models, namely artificial neural network (ANN) and long short-term memory (LSTM), to validate the anticipated experimental outcomes. Both models exhibit high accuracy and predictive capability (R2 > 0.99, RMSE < 0.03). This study introduces a novel approach that combines experimentation with artificial intelligence modeling, paving the way for future advancements in Se(IV)-contaminated wastewater purification methods.

Mechanical behavior of STF impregnation and anti-impact performances of Kevlar and UHMPWEF fabric impregnations

STF-impregnated Kevlar and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPEF) fabric-impregnated bodies were prepared by using mass fraction of 34 % SiO2 with a particle size of 100 nm and PEG400 as dispersion and dispersant, respectively. When two kinds of fiber fabrics were impregnated by STF, the tensile, single fiber pull-out and single fiber tensile loads of Kevlar fabric-impregnated increased 26.63 %, 155.55 %, and 98.64 %, respectively. However, the tensile load, monofilament pull-out load and monofilament tensile load of the UHMWPEF fabric-impregnated body increased 100.14 %, 729.03 % and 51.61 %, respectively. Kevlar fiber fabric impregnated by ultrasonic vibration and smearing STF absorbs more steel projectile’s kinetic energies of 52.3 % and 27.43 % than that of the original fiber fabric, respectively. UHMPWEF fabric impregnated by using ultrasonic vibration and smearing increased 65.56 % and 47.73 % than the original fabric absorbing steel projectile’s kinetic energy. Based on the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observation of the fiber fabric surface, it was found that the connection between the fibers was significantly strengthened after the STF impregnation treatment. When the fabric was subjected to impact load, STF played an important role in transmitting load and increasing friction.

UV-Catalyzed TiO2-Based Optofluidic SERS Chip for Three Online Strategies: Fabrication, Detection, and Self-Cleaning.

We developed an optofluidic surface-enhanced Raman scattering chip capable of online fabrication, online molecular detection, and online self-cleaning. In this chip, we harnessed UV light to successfully reduce an AgNO3 solution, resulting in the formation of Ag nanoparticles on carbon fiber cloth coated with titanium dioxide (TiO2). This innovative approach enabled the online fabrication of AgNPs@TiO2-CFC SERS structures. By introducing target molecules into our optofluidic SERS chip, we achieved online molecular Raman detection. Furthermore, by leveraging the UV light-induced self-cleaning properties of TiO2, we achieved continuous online self-cleaning of the molecules. To verify the feasibility and stability of our method, we conducted multiple experiments for online detection and self-cleaning. Experimental results demonstrated impressively low detection limits of 10-8 mol/L for crystal violet and 10-9 mol/L for rhodamine 6G, with an enhancement factor as high as 1.4 × 106. Additionally, we successfully applied our method to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons like pyrene.

Investigation on damage evolution mechanism of various FRP strengthened concrete subjected to chemical-freeze-thaw coupling erosion.

The corrosion resistance of FRP-reinforced ordinary concrete members under the combined action of harsh environments (i.e., alkaline or acidic solutions, salt solutions) and freeze-thaw cycles is still unclear. To study the mechanical and apparent deterioration of carbon/basalt/glass/aramid fiber cloth reinforced concrete under chemical and freeze-thaw coupling. Plain concrete blocks and FRP-bonded concrete blocks were fabricated. The tensile properties of the FRP sheet and epoxy resin sheet before and after chemical freezing, the compressive strength of the FRP reinforced test block, and the bending capacity of the prismatic test block pasted with FRP on the prefabricated crack side were tested. The deterioration mechanism of the test block was analyzed through the change of surface photos. Based on the experimental data, the Lam-Teng constitutive model of concrete reinforced by alkali-freeze coupling FRP is modified. The results indicate that, in terms of apparent properties, with the increase in the duration of chemical freeze-thaw erosion, the surface of epoxy resin sheets exhibits an increase in pores, along with the emergence of small cracks and wrinkles. The texture of FRP sheets becomes blurred, and cracks and wrinkles appear on the surface. In terms of failure modes, as the number of chemical coupling erosion cycles increases, the location of failure in epoxy resin sheets becomes uncertain, and the failure plane tilts towards the direction of the applied load. The failure mode of FRP sheets remains unchanged. However, the bonding strength between FRP sheets and concrete decreases, resulting in a weakened reinforcement effect. In terms of mechanical properties, FRP sheets undergo the most severe degradation in the coupled environment of acid freeze-thaw cycles. Among them, GFRP experiences the largest degradation in tensile strength, reaching up to 30.17%. In terms of tensile performance, the sheets rank from highest to lowest as follows: CFRP, BFRP, AFRP, and GFRP.As the duration of chemical freeze-coupled erosion increases, the loss rate of compressive strength for specimens bonded with CFRP is the smallest (9.62% in salt freeze-thaw environment), while the loss rate of bearing capacity is higher for specimens reinforced with GFRP (33.8% in acid freeze-thaw environment). In contrast, the loss rate of bearing capacity is lower for specimens reinforced with CFRP (13.6% in salt freeze-thaw environment), but still higher for specimens reinforced with GFRP (25.8% in acid freeze-thaw environment).

1 g shake table study on seismic strengthening of low-cost rammed earthen houses built of silt enriched soil using natural fiber reinforcement

Earthen houses are practiced as a traditional and low-cost housing in many countries around the globe. These houses were exposed to unacceptable earthquake (EQ) risks despite their environmental benefits. Past earthquakes including the recent past 2017 Tripura EQ has evidenced significant damages mostly in earthen/masonry houses which are built in a non-engineered manner. In this context, the current study aims to investigate the seismic behavior and failure patterns of both unreinforced and using proposed retrofitted rammed earth model houses (with and without openings) built using typical Tripura soils having higher silt content using unidirectional shake table experiments on total 26 physical models. Besides, both seismic strength and structural stability are also examined for retrofitted earthen houses. The study indicates that, proposed novel low-cost natural fiber made textile encasing reinforcement technique has exhibited promising seismic performance of such houses from the view point of structural strength and ductile behavior as compared to traditional cementitious additives and fiber blended stabilized retrofitted houses as well untreated houses. The fundamental lateral period of model unreinforced and reinforced houses found within the range of 0.08 to 0.15 s respectively which indicates increased stiffness of walls due to strengthening may decrease the lateral period maximum up to 46.67%. On the other hand, the maximum increase in seismic strength was observed in order of 4.50 to 6.31 times in the case of bitumen treated bamboo fiber textile based encased houses with L-shaped bamboo splint corner reinforcement whereas traditional cementitious stabilized method has offered maximum 1.13 to 1.83 times increment in lateral strength. Further, the effect of different parametric variations such as area of openings (doors and windows), thickness to height ratio, variation in compaction methodologies on seismic performances of unreinforced rammed earthen houses were also studied in detail. Finally, regression based closed form predictive expressions for seismic strength of rammed earthen houses and without retrofitting are proposed herein. The performed cost analysis study will also help to assess the effectiveness of proposed strengthening techniques.

TiO2 modified basalt fiber cloth with superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity for oil-water separation

Titanium mesh, stainless steel mesh and other substrate materials for oil-water separation membranes have excellent acid and alkali resistance. However, the preparation process pollutes the environment and is costly. Therefore there is an urgent need for an economical and eco-friendly new material to replace them. Here, this research found that eco-friendly basalt fibers can replace them. In this work, superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic TiO2/basalt fiber cloths were prepared by solvothermal method. It has a contact angle of 0° for water in air and maximum 161° for n-hexadecane underwater. The oil-water separation efficiency was up to 99.75%, which indicated its efficient oil-water separation capability. The underwater n-hexadecane contact angle was 154° after immersing it in 6 mol of HCl and NaOH for 2 h respectively. This indicates that it has excellent acid and alkali resistance. And with titanium mesh, stainless steel mesh separation membrane acid and alkali resistance is not much different. However, the price is only one percent of titanium mesh. In addition, the softness of basalt fiber can be folded to enhance the pressure-bearing capacity. Therefore, this work provides a green, acid and alkali resistant, inexpensive new material for oil-water separation membranes, which has great potential in the field of oil-water separation.

Investigation of forming process and deformation mechanisms of 3D warp interlock fabric

This article introduces a modeling method aimed at predicting the internal geometric structure of 3D warp interlock fabric. Inspired by the digital element method, the method employs truss elements to model the yarns as fiber bundles, and considers their material properties. This technique allows for predicting the microstructure of 3D woven fabric based on simple input characteristics. By varying the elastic modulus of virtual fibers, the friction coefficient between fibers, and the tension load at the ends of yarns, and designing compression molding molds to compress the fabric into shape, the virtual fiber fabric predicted the influence of variables on the fabric. The study found that the structure of the samples obtained through CT scanning is generally consistent with the structure of the virtual fiber fabric. The elastic modulus has a relatively minor impact on the fabric structure, whereas the friction coefficient and tension load significantly affect the cross-sectional shape of the yarns. During compression molding, deformation within the mold leads to interlayer fabric slippage and changes in the cross-sectional shape of the fabric. This suggests the feasibility and applicability of virtual simulation testing methods for analyzing the behavior of various types of 3D woven fabrics.