Prevention Of Fever Research Articles

Assessment of Knowledge, Perception and Practice Toward Lassa Fever Prevention Among Residents of Akure South Local Government, Ondo State

Lassa fever is an extremely virulent and highly infectious disease endemic in West Africa, including Nigeria. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices against Lassa fever among adult residents of Akure South Local Government in Ondo State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study design was utilized, with data collected from adults in the LGA during a recent outbreak. The study involved systematic random sampling of approximately 300 adults, with data collected via pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaires. The study employed a multi-stage sampling technique and used a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables, simple percentages, and bar charts. The findings indicated that only 33.6% of respondents had good knowledge of Lassa fever, while 54.3% practiced good food and environmental hygiene. Most respondents were female, highly literate, and predominantly Yoruba. Despite high awareness, misconceptions about Lassa fever's origin and nature persisted, with many believing it was discovered in Congo or considering it a chronic disease. Effective prevention practices such as proper food storage were acknowledged, aligning with recommendations to avoid contact with Mastomys rodents and maintain cleanliness to prevent rodent infestations. The study concluded that there is a need for improved risk communication, ongoing sensitization, and specific educational campaigns to enhance understanding and preventive behaviors regarding Lassa fever. Further research is recommended to expand these findings across Ondo State and compare risk perceptions in affected and unaffected communities.

Prevention of Dengue Fever Based on Dominant Risk Factors within Elementary School Environment in Bandung City

Background: Dengue fever is an environment-based disease that is endemic in Bandung City. Bandung City with an average temperature of 25.86°C has a humid and cool climate which is a favorable environment for Aedes aegypti. The average amount of rain per day is 21.3 days per month with an average rainfall of 200.4 mm. These environmental conditions favor the breeding of Aedes aegypti. Objective: The study aimed to obtain the dominant variables in the 3M Plus PSN.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Method: The population in this study were all elementary school students in Bandung City. Through the Cluster Sampling calculation, 973 minimum samples from 13 elementary schools were obtained. With a minimum sample for each elementary school totaling 76 6th-grade students. Results: The results of the study showed that a Knowledge P-value of 0.023, Attitude P-value 0.036, Perception P-value of 0.000, and motivation P-value of 0.018 were associated with DHF Prevention through 3M Plus PSN. Exposure to information media on dengue prevention through the 3M Plus PSN is not associated with dengue prevention through the 3M Plus PSN. The variable that most influenced the prevention of Dengue Fever through the 3M Plus PSN was perception with a P-value of 0.000 CI of 2.118 (1.639-2.737). Conclusion: Knowledge, perception, attitude, and motivation are related to dengue fever prevention through 3M Plus PSN. Perception is the most dominant factor associated with the prevention of dengue fever through the 3M Plus PSN.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of health care professionals regarding dengue fever: need for training and provision of diagnostic equipment in Togo in 2022, a cross-sectional study.

Health statistics on dengue are virtually non-existent, despite the fact that the virus is circulating in Togo. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health professionals in the Kara health region. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2022 among healthcare professionals who had worked in the Kara region of northern Togo were selected using an exhaustive recruitment method. Data were collected by trained resident doctors with a face-to-face interview using a standardized, pretested questionnaire based on the WHO 2009 dengue guide. Three multivariate regression models were utilized to investigate factors associated with knowledge, attitudes and, and practices. A total of 464 respondents (37.1% female), median age 35 years, interquartile range (29-43 years) were included. Only (3.0%) of the participants had received training on dengue fever diagnosis, treatment and prevention in the last 3 years, and 10.3% had dengue rapid diagnostic tests available at their hospital. Half of the respondents (49.1%) had good knowledge of dengue fever, compared with 30.0% who had positive attitudes. Of a total of 256 professionals who had encountered a case of dengue fever in their practice, only 24 (9.4%) had appropriate practices for diagnosing and treating dengue fever. In multivariate analysis, the healthcare professionals who had taken part in ongoing training on dengue fever were more likely to have adequate dengue diagnosis and treatment practice aOR = 8.1; CI 95% = [1.7-36.0]. Strengthening healthcare professionals' dengue-related skills through ongoing training and the provision of dengue diagnostic tests could help improve early detection practices and management of dengue fever in Togo.

Household Waste Management Education for Dengue Fever Prevention in Murtigading Bantul

Household Waste Management Education for Dengue Fever Prevention in Murtigading Bantul

‘Seven Plus One’ a unique approach to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices for dengue prevention and control among frontline workers of a teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand

ABSTRACT Background: Dengue which is an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito, drastically affected communities worldwide. It has been showing consistently a rising trend in developing country like India. Study Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) related to the prevention and control of dengue fever (DF) among frontline staff members at a medical teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Out of 830 frontline workers only 208 workers were recruited in a study by the simple random selection method. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was applied to assess the KAPs of participants. Attitude was assessed by four-point Likert scaling. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23 for Windows. Results: A total of 208 participants were interviewed. Majority were male (70.2%) with the age group of 31 to 45 years (71.2%). Majority (50.5%) of participants were educated up to higher secondary and working as a security guard (78.8%). Most (72.6%) of the respondents said the rainy season was the most common outbreak season for dengue. Most (63.6%) of the participants were aware that dengue is transmitted by mosquitoes. The majority (49%) of participants strongly agreed that dengue is a fatal disease. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to prevent and control the epidemics of dengue by adoption of seven plus one model which contributes in reducing the overall burden in healthcare delivery system.

Increasing Public Awareness on the Prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever through the Utilization of Used Cooking Oil into Lavender Aromatherapy Candles in Krompaan Village

Increasing Public Awareness on the Prevention of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever through the Utilization of Used Cooking Oil into Lavender Aromatherapy Candles in Krompaan Village

Survey of knowledge and practices of dengue fever prevention related to sociodemographic status: community-based study in Bandung, Indonesia

Dengue fever has become an endemic in the Bandung city and this disease poses a serious public health threat. This study aimed to examine sociodemographic factors, experience of dengue hemorrhagic fever and their relationship with knowledge and practice of prevention dengue fever among the Bandung City community. This research was considered as a cross-sectional and community-based study. Systematic random sampling was performed, where one participant in every third house that researchers passed by was chosen. Participants involved in this study had met the inclusion criteria, namely age (18 years), local residents, and able to understand the questions. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and multivariate logistic regression. Multivariate test results showed high knowledge scores in participants aged over 40 years (OR=30.908, 95% CI 16.490-57.930, P=0.000), participants who had an educational degree (OR=4.028, 95% CI 2.226-7.288, P =0.000), worked as private employees and self-employed (OR=0.235, 95% CI 0.098-0.560, P=0.001 and OR= 0.262, 95% CI 0.107-0.638, P=0.003), had an income of more than IDR 4,000,000 (OR=2.275, 95% CI 1.318-3.928, P=0.003), and had experience of dengue hemorrhagic fever (OR=3.140, 95% CI 1.484-6.640, P=0.003). Meanwhile, dengue fever prevention practice scores were higher in participants aged 25-39 years (OR=18.163, 95% CI 16, 8.056-40.947, P=0.000), who had an educational degree (OR=6.217, 95% CI 3.793-10.191, P =0.000), worked as a housewife (OR=0.286, 95% CI 0.129-0.634, P=0.002), had experience of dengue hemorrhagic fever (OR=0.271, 95% CI 0.144-0.510, P=0.023), and had a high knowledge score (OR=4.037, 95% CI 2.201-7.406, P=0.000). Dengue fever prevention practices are closely related to knowledge scores; therefore, dengue fever prevention puts up the focus to increasing knowledge and effective education programs

Comparative epidemiological study of the spread of African swine fever in Ukraine and some Eastern European countries

African swine fever is one of the most serious threats to the world pig industry due to high infectivity and mortality rates among pigs. To date, no effective means of active prevention of the infection have been developed. The only effective method of control is passive monitoring of the spread of the pathogen among the population of domestic and wild pigs, detection of infected animals and their depopulation. The study analyzes the spread of African swine fever in Ukraine from 2012 to 2024 and compares it with the countries that share a common border – Poland, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Moldova. In Ukraine, the first outbreaks were recorded in 2012 in Zaporizhzhia region among domestic pigs. In total, 619 outbreaks were detected during the study period: 482 among domestic pigs and 137 among wild pigs. The largest number of outbreaks was recorded in Odesa (64), Poltava (54), Mykolaiv (52) and Kyiv (46) regions. In Eastern European countries, African swine fever was detected later: in Poland – since 2014 (1304 among domestic and 17871 among wild pigs), Romania – since 2017 (6729 and 3649, respectively), Hungary and Slovakia – since 2018 (0 and 7875; 72 and 3645). In Moldova, the first outbreak was in 2020 (39 among domestic and 45 among wild pigs). The highest total number of outbreaks was recorded in Poland (19175), mainly among wild boars (93.2%). In Hungary, all detected cases involved wild animals. The analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in the number of African swine fever outbreaks between the analyzed countries. There is also a difference in the number of outbreaks within the analyzed time period. If we analyze the number of cases since 2018, there is no statistically significant difference. Prevention and control of African swine fever are complicated by the circulation of the pathogen among wild boars, non-compliance with biosecurity measures by owners of small pig farms and the movement of infected animals. Comprehensive monitoring with early detection of outbreaks and timely destruction of infected animals plays a key role. Key words: pigs, African swine fever, spread, viruses, epizootic analysis, epizootic situation.

Assessment of the Allergenic Potential of Urban Woody Flora of Rostov-on-Don

Introduction. Plant pollen causes various allergic reactions in humans, including respiratory diseases, immune system disorders, bronchitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and hay fever. These diseases affect up to 30% of the world's population. In large cities, trees and shrubs used in landscaping are significant sources of allergenic dust. Despite this, the greening of cities worldwide often occurs without considering the allergenic properties of plants. With the development of proteomics, it has become possible to assess the degree of allergenicity of proteins that make up plant pollen in detail. Based on this information, a scale of potential allergenicity for woody plants has been developed. The aim of this study is to assess the allergenic potential of woody plants in the urban flora of Rostov-on-Don.Materials and Methods. The object of the study was trees and shrubs used in the landscaping of Rostov-on-Don. The analysis of floristic data was based on the materials obtained during field work in 2023 on the territory of Rostov-on-Don. The author also used the lists of the city's dendroflora compiled between 2007 and 2022. The assessment of the potential allergenicity of woody plant species was conducted on a five-point scale, with 0 indicating plants that did not pose an allergic hazard, 1 indicating a low allergenicity level, 2 indicating a medium class, 3 indicating a high level, and 4 indicating a very high level of allergenicity.Results. In the flora of woody plants in Rostov-on-Don, 61 species of potentially allergenic plants were identified, posing varying levels of danger to human health. The share of all types of potentially allergenic woody plants was 30% of the total number of urban woody flora species in the city. The most powerful sources of allergenic pollen included nine species (Fraxinus Excelsior, Betula Pendula, B. Verrucosa, Platycladus Orientalis, etc.), which posed the greatest threat of hay fever and other allergic reactions. As a rule, these were typically wind-pollinated plants that produced maximum amounts of pollen. The list of potentially allergenic species included a significant number of adventitious species (24 species), which made it difficult to control their spread. A taxonomic analysis of potentially allergenic species was carried out at the order level, for which specific protein reactions were identified and detailed approaches to the prevention and treatment of hay fever were developed. The orders Pinales and Fagales form the bulk of allergenic pollen in the winter-spring period.Discussion and Conclusion. For the first time, studies were conducted on the allergenic activity of urban woody flora in the southern regions of Russia. An assessment of their allergenic potential allowed us to determine the level of threat of allergic reactions in humans. The greatest danger comes from both allergenic and invasive species that can spread actively and increase in numbers. Representatives of the Pinales and Fagales orders have proven to be significant sources of allergenic pollen, as they often have high ornamental qualities and play a prominent role in design projects. In some cases, it may be possible to replace these cultures with less allergenic alternatives, such as representatives of the Rosales order, to reduce the risk of allergic reactions.

Effectiveness of dengue free package on knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among the care takers of children admitted in pediatric ward at selected hospital, Tiruvannamalai

Background: Dengue is a vector borne viral infection that endangers an estimated 2.5 billion people. Disease caused by dengue ranges from a relatively minor febrile illness to a life-threatening condition characterized by extensive capillary leak. A greater understanding of dengue has the potential to improve both the clinical management of individual cases and the control of the disease. Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of dengue free package on knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among the care takers of children. Methods: A true experimental study was conducted in Government Medical College and hospital, Tiruvannamalai . The pretest and posttest design was used. Out of 50 children, 25 were in the experimental group and 25 in the control group, by using simple random sampling technique. Dengue free package on knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among the care takers of children used to assess the level of knowledge on prevention of dengue fever. Results: The findings revealed that the level of knowledge on prevention of dengue fever in experimental group the mean score of(20±2.24) and the control group with the mean score of(8.86±2.23), and the calculated paired t value of t=28.19. Which is statistically significant at p<0.001 level. This study results clearly shows that there is significant improvement in the level of knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among the caretakers of children after providing dengue free package on knowledge regarding prevention of dengue fever among the care takers of children as scheduled in the hospital. Conclusion: The study findings conclude that there was a significant level of knowledge improvement when compared to that of control group.

POLA SEBARAN DAN ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease that causes death, known for > 200 years, and has become a health problem in the world, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Deli Serdang Regency had the highest number of cases in North Sumatra Province in 2019 with 1,326 cases, in 2020 there were 974 cases, IR: 50.4. In 2021, the Regency/City ranked 14th out of 514 Regency/City in Indonesia for the highest number of dengue fever cases in 2021 with 803 cases, IR/morbidity rate: 34.63/100,000 population, CFR/death rate: 0.12%. It is possible to identify the location of the patient to the address of the individual's location, so as to obtain information regarding the distribution pattern of cases in each region using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and analysis of factors related to the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever.This type of research is analytical observation with a case control approach. The sample in this study was all people living permanently in the working area of ??the Tanjung Morawa Community Health Center, totaling 48 respondents, 24 cases and 24 controls. The sampling technique was carried out using Simple Random Sampling, data was analyzed using the Chi Square test. Based on the research results, it shows that the variables related to the incidence of dengue fever are knowledge (p-value = 0.00; OR = 0.06), attitude (p-value = 0.00; OR = 21), 3M PSN (Mosquito Nest Eradication) actions Plus (p-value=0.000; OR=17) and unrelated variables are occupation (p-value=0.029; OR=0.23) and age (p-value=0.081; OR=0.29). It is recommended that the community health center be better able to increase public understanding about the management and prevention of dengue fever.

Students of State Elementary School 2 Cintaratu Received Health Education on Dengue Fever Prevention (DHF) as an Indicator of a Clean Lifestyle (PHBS)

Students of State Elementary School 2 Cintaratu Received Health Education on Dengue Fever Prevention (DHF) as an Indicator of a Clean Lifestyle (PHBS)

Penguatan Peran Kelompok Pemberdayaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga Dalam Menjaga Kesehatan Lingkungan Di Desa Kemudo

The KKN 35 UNS group carried out activities aimed at addressing environmental health issues faced by the community of Kemudo Village, including household waste management and dengue fever. Efforts made by the students involved training in composting and socialization on dengue fever prevention using lavitraps. Training and socialization targeted PKK with the aim of strengthening the role of PKK in addressing environmental health issues in their village. Training involved practicing the compost making process and distributing compost making equipment. Meanwhile, socialization included delivering materials related to dengue fever, explaining lavitraps, and distributing lavitraps made by the students. The training activities received a positive response, as demonstrated by the active participation of PKK during compost making practice. The socialization activities also received positive responses as lavitraps were deemed innovative and quite effective in reducing mosquito breeding in homes.

Binuclear TbⅢ complex used for the fluorescent detection of 2, 6-pyridindicarboxylic acid, an anthrax biomarker

Anthrax is a potentially highly lethal acute infectious disease caused by the zoonotic bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which poses a threat to human life and health. 2, 6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (DPA) is a significant component of bacterial spores as a typical anthrax biomarker. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a simple and efficient detection method for DPA. Here, we successfully synthesized a binuclear terbium complex with formulas [Tb2(DMOMP)2(CH3OH)2(H2O)4Cl2]·2Cl·2CH3OH, which is constructed by 2, 6-dimethoxy-4-methylphenol (DMOMP) and TbⅢ ion. Each TbⅢ ion center is encapsulated by seven O atoms and one Cl− anion. Based on this, the encapsulated coordination environment facilitated efficient ligand energy transfer via the “antenna effect”. Therefore, the complex exhibits interesting luminescence response characteristics, with fast and stable green fluorescence response to DPA, low detection limit Ksv = 1.08 × 10−5 M−1, and fluorescence lifetime τ = 754.93 μs. [Tb2(DMOMP)2(CH3OH)2(H2O)4Cl2]·2Cl·2CH3OH has excellent fluorescence properties and strong immunity to interference and is capable of sensitively detecting the B. anthracis biomarker DPA, allowing it to be potentially used as an effective fluorescent probe and providing a viable strategy for effective anthrax fever prevention.

Temperature Control in Acute Brain Injury: An Update.

Temperature control in severe acute brain injury (SABI) is a key component of acute management. This manuscript delves into the complex role of temperature management in SABI, encompassing conditions like traumatic brain injury (TBI), acute ischemic stroke (AIS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), and hypoxemic/ischemic brain injury following cardiac arrest. Fever is a common complication in SABI and is linked to worse neurological outcomes due to increased inflammatory responses and intracranial pressure (ICP). Temperature management, particularly hypothermic temperature control (HTC), appears to mitigate these adverse effects primarily by reducing cerebral metabolic demand and dampening inflammatory pathways. However, the effectiveness of HTC varies across different SABI conditions. In the context of post-cardiac arrest, the impact of HTC on neurological outcomes has shown inconsistent results. In cases of TBI, HTC seems promising for reducing ICP, but its influence on long-term outcomes remains uncertain. For AIS, clinical trials have yet to conclusively demonstrate the benefits of HTC, despite encouraging preclinical evidence. This variability in efficacy is also observed in ICH, aSAH, bacterial meningitis, and status epilepticus. In pediatric and neonatal populations, while HTC shows significant benefits in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, its effectiveness in other brain injuries is mixed. Although the theoretical basis for employing temperature control, especially HTC, is strong, the clinical outcomes differ among various SABI subtypes. The current consensus indicates that fever prevention is beneficial across the board, but the application and effectiveness of HTC are more nuanced, underscoring the need for further research to establish optimal temperature management strategies. Here we provide an overview of the clinical evidence surrounding the use of temperature control in various types of SABI.

Review of Temperature Management in Traumatic Brain Injuries.

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) for severe traumatic brain injury has seen restricted application due to the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted since 2000. In contrast with earlier RCTs, recent trials have implemented active normothermia management in control groups, ensuring comparable intensities of non-temperature-related therapeutic interventions, such as neurointensive care. This change in approach may be a contributing factor to the inability to establish the efficacy of TH. Currently, an active temperature management method using temperature control devices is termed "targeted temperature management (TTM)". One of the goals of TTM for severe traumatic brain injury is the regulation of increased intracranial pressure, employing TTM as a methodology for intracranial pressure management. Additionally, fever in traumatic brain injury has been acknowledged as contributing to poor prognosis, underscoring the importance of proactively preventing fever. TTM is also employed for the preemptive prevention of fever in severe traumatic brain injury. As an integral component of current neurointensive care, it is crucial to precisely delineate the targets of TTM and to potentially apply them in the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury.

Knowledge and Practice of Nurses Regarding Dengue Fever and Its Prevention in District Swat

Background: Dengue fever is a tropical disease that is carried by mosquitoes and is caused by the dengue virus. Dengue fever has an incubation period of three to fifteen days. It can harm the brain, heart, kidneys, liver, or other organs. The most frequent vector used to spread dengue viruses is Aedes aegypti. While there isn't a certain antiviral treatment, prompt hydration and electrolyte replacement therapy is advised. The aim of this research is to evaluate the dengue illness prevention behaviors and knowledge of nurses in the district of Swat. Methods: At the Saidu Teaching Hospital in Swat, this descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from April 1 to August 31, 2022. The nurses were given questionnaires to complete, and the interviews and answers were documented on a closed-ended questionnaire in order to gather data. It asked questions on age, education, length of service, and nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices around dengue disease and prevention. Results: The Saidu Teaching Hospitals in Swat were the study's location. Ninety nurses were surveyed in order to gauge their understanding of dengue illness and how to avoid it. The research participants' demographic details were documented. Men made up 25% of the research sample's nursing staff, while women made up 75%. The age range of the majority of participants was 18 to 38 years old. A little over 61% of participants held nursing diplomas. This research assesses nurses' proficiency and understanding of dengue fever prevention. Conclusion: The majority of participants know what dengue fever is. There is a significant dearth of understanding regarding the prevention and transmission of dengue fever. The participants had a thorough understanding of dengue fever, including its main signs and severity of sickness. Few people were misinformed about biting times and vector identification, and the majority took a proactive stance and actively used preventative measures.

Nursing practices to optimise rheumatic fever prevention in a high-risk country: An integrative review.

New Zealand is one of the last high-income countries in the world experiencing significant rates of rheumatic fever. Nurses play a crucial role in rheumatic fever prevention; however, little is understood as to how nurses can best achieve this. To explore nursing practices that optimise rheumatic fever prevention. An integrative review. Four electronic databases (CINAHL, SCOPUS, Medline via, and Ovid) were searched for peer-reviewed empirical articles published from 2013 to 2023. Grey literature (guidelines/reports) was also sourced. Critical appraisal was applied using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tools and the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal checklist. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101, thematic analysis method was used to generate themes. Seven research articles and three national reports were included. Four themes-in-depth nursing knowledge and improving prophylaxis adherence, cultural competency, and therapeutic nurse-patient relationships-were found. While nursing knowledge and ways to improve injection adherence are essential, being culturally receptive and developing therapeutic relationships are equally important. Without strong and trusting relationships, it is difficult to deliver care required for prevention success. When working with vulnerable populations it is important to be culturally receptive in all interactions with patients and their families. New Zealand has high rates of rheumatic fever, especially among vulnerable populations such as Pacific Islanders and Māori. Nurses are often frontline primary care providers who, when skilled with the right tools, can help reduce the prevalence of this disease. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis flow chart. No Patient or Public Contribution was required for this research.

Enhanced detection of African swine fever virus in samples with low viral load using digital PCR technology

Detection of low viral load samples has long been a challenge for African swine fever (ASF) prevention and control. This study aimed to compare the detection efficacy of droplet digital PCR(ddPCR) and quantitative PCR(qPCR) for African swine fever virus (ASFV) at different viral loads, with a focus on assessing the accuracy of ddPCR in detecting low viral load samples. The results revealed that ddPCR had a detection limit of 1.97 (95% CI 1.48 – 4.12) copies/reaction and was 18.99 times more sensitive than qPCR (detection limit: 37.42, 95% CI 29.56 – 69.87 copies/reaction). In the quantification of high, medium, and low viral load samples, ddPCR showed superior stability with lower intra- (2.06% – 7.58%) and inter-assay (3.83% – 7.50%) coefficients of variation than those of qPCR (intra-assay: 8.08%–29.86%; inter-assay: 9.27%–34.58%). Bland-Altman analysis indicated acceptable consistency between ddPCR and qPCR for high and medium viral load samples; however, discrepancies were observed for low viral load samples, where two samples (2/24, 8.33%) exhibited deviations beyond the acceptable range (−46.18 copies/reaction). Moreover, ddPCR demonstrated better performance in detecting ASFV in clinical samples from asymptomatic pigs and environmental samples, with qPCR showing false negative rates of 7.69% (2/26) and 27.27% (12/44), respectively. McNemar analysis revealed significant differences between the two methods (P = 0.000) for samples with a viral load <100 copies/reaction. The results of this study demonstrate that ddPCR has better detection limits and adaptability than qPCR, allowing for a more accurate detection of ASFV in early-stage infections and low-concentration environmental samples. These findings highlight the potential of ddPCR in the prevention and control of ASF.

The Correlation Between Sociodemographic Status, Attitudes, and Family Behavior with the Status of PSN (Eradication of Mosquito Breeding Sites) Regularity of Endemic Dengue Fever in the Area of Purwokerto Barat

Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is an endemic disease in Indonesia, especially in tropical climate regions, and remains a significant public health issue. The cases of DF from 2019 to 2022 have shown fluctuating trends. Dengue fever prevention involves efforts such as the Eradication of Mosquito Breeding Sites (PSN), where the success of PSN is measured by the Larval Free Index (LFI), aiming to achieve the government target of LFI 95%. Method: This study employed a quantitative research approach with a correlational design using a cross-sectional approach. The study population in West Purwokerto. The sample was 110 respondents using the Lemeshow formula. The instrument included a questionnaire sheet and was analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The majority of respondents are around 45 years old with a regular PSN status (58.2%), have a high school education (56.4%), are unemployed (62.7%), have a low income (53.6%), and exhibit infrequent mobility (84.5%). The respondents generally display positive attitudes (90%) and good family behavior (59.1%). The findings indicate a correlation between sociodemographic factors such as age (p=0.020), education (p=0.001), occupation (p=0.03), household income (p=0.035), but no correlation with mobility (p=0.187), and the status of PSN regularity. There is a correlation between attitudes (p=0.026) and family behavior (p=0.0001) with the status of PSN regularity in the West Purwokerto Region. Conclusion: There is a correlation between sociodemographic factors, including age, education, occupation, household income, and the status of PSN regularity. There is a relationship between attitudes and family behavior with the status of PSN regularity.