Fertilizer Package Research Articles

Application of Various Fertilizer Packages on the Yield of Several Early-Maturing Paddy Varieties in North Luwu District, South Sulawesi

Application of Various Fertilizer Packages on the Yield of Several Early-Maturing Paddy Varieties in North Luwu District, South Sulawesi

The deployment of the Malaysian sustainable palm oil standard in the agriculture sector

Malaysia's oil palm business is critical to the country's agricultural growth through its contributions to the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), foreign exchange, and employment. Oil palm is in high demand because it produces a high yield at a low cost of production. The Malaysian government declared that the Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil Certification (MSPO) will be necessary by the end of 2020, as a result of greater awareness of environmental and sustainable issues. The objective of this study was to investigate how to deploy MSPO standards in the agriculture sector and to point out the benefit of applying MSPO standards in the agriculture sector. The case study approach and interviews were conducted based on the MSPO Certification, Oil Palm Management Certification and Supply Chain Certification. The findings demonstrated that with the guideline from the standards help to guide the farmers and the small holders to manage the waste, managing fertilizer packaging containers and poison container properly. The MSPO standards bring improvement towards the sale of palm oil and help reduce the problem regarding palm oil. MSPO certification are not only designed to address social and environmental issues but is also designed to demonstrate positive impacts as a result of implementation of better agricultural practices aimed at enhancing efficiency, farm management, improved social development and climate change adaptation.

Cropping system-based fertilizer strategies for crop productivity and soil health under minimum tillage in grey terrace soil

A cropping system that is based on three or four crops is currently a widely favored option for augmenting crop productivity to address the escalating global food demand. However, the improper fertilizer management and undue tillage adversely impacts both the productivity of crops and the fertility of the soil. A research investigation was conducted on tillage and nutrient management within the mustard-mungbean-Transplanting aus (T.aus)-Transplanting aman (T.aman) cropping system to examine the impact of fertilizer packages and tillage techniques on the overall productivity of cropping systems, as well as the condition of the soil in grey terrace soil. The research included tillage techniques viz; minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT) and deep tillage (DT); while nutrient management; NM1: 100 % STB (Soil test based) following FRG (Fertilizer Recommendation Guide-2018), all from chemical fertilizer, NM2: 125 % of STB following FRG- 2018, all from chemical fertilizer, NM3: 100 % STB (80 % from chemical fertilizers and 20 % from cowdung), and NM4: Native fertility (no fertilization). A total of twelve treatments replicated three times following the factorial completely randomized design for three consecutive seasonal years (2018–19, 2019–20, and 2020–21). MT outperformed DT and CT in terms of crop yield, rice equivalent yield (REY), system productivity (SP), and production efficiency (PE). Moreover, NM3 exhibited enhanced performance in terms of agricultural productivity measures. Field capacity (FC), soil organic matter (OM), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and soil nutrients (N, P, K, S, Zn and B) observed an enhancement as a result of the implementation of tillage MT and nutrition package NM3. The investigation indicates that implementing minimum tillage (MT) coupled with an integrated plant nutrition system package (NM3) can assist in the improvement of soil and the enhancement of crop productivity.

Fertilizer packaging companies of Petrovietnam toward circular economy

A circular economy is an economic system designed with the intention that maximum use is extracted from resources and minimum waste is generated for disposal... In the context of fertilizer packaging, manufacturers have been striving to produce green fertilizer bags which are recyclable, reusable and cost-efficient. When packages (both reusable and single-use) can no longer serve its function, the material should be circulated through recycling or composting. It is a matter of materials sciences (mono-material construction or material selection) and innovations in packaging formats (flexible packages, jumbo bags, sling bags, etc.) to make progress. Along with these, the sorting and collection infrastructure needs to be set up to keep products after use in a closed loop. As well, the economic attractiveness, incentives for stakeholders are essential to make the system work effectively.

Sustainability approach in cropping intensity (CI) 400 through optimizing the dosage of compost and chemical fertilizers to early-maturing rice varieties based on multivariate analysis

The development of early maturing rice varieties in the cropping intensity 400 program is one of the alternatives in overcoming the challenges of rice production against land conversion and dynamic climate change. Optimization of the program is feasible through composting and reduction of chemical and synthetic substances in order to avoid excessive soil damage. Therefore, evaluation in the combination of compost and chemical fertilizers is important with evaluation criteria through multivariate analysis. This research aimed to identify evaluation criteria, fertilizer packages and potential of early maturing varieties in supporting the cropping intensity 400 concept on rice. This research was conducted in two locations in South Sulawesi, Indonesia with different environmental conditions … This study employed a nested split-plot design with a group randomized design as the environmental design. The main plot was the fertilizer package (FP) consisting of 5 levels. The subplots consisted of 7 rice varieties. Each combination of fertilizer package and variety was repeated three times. The results showed that reducing the dose of NPK fertilizer together with compost application is generally effective in the growth of early maturing rice. This study also revealed the characters of chlorophyll a, harvest age, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and yield were effective in evaluating the effect of fertilizer packages on early maturing varieties. The 75 % dose of N:P:K and 3 tons.ha−1 of compost is effective fertilizer packages to the growth and production of early maturing rice in supporting cropping intensity 400. The Cakrabuana, and Inpari 13 varieties are good early maturing varieties used with the FP3 fertilization packages. Conclusively, the results of this research are important for recommending optimization of rice cultivation with the CI 400 concept, especially in the South Sulawesi region.

PELATIHAN PENGEMASAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADAT DAN CAIR DI KELOMPOK TANI MEKAR SARI DUSUN KELOR BANGUNKERTO TURI SLEMAN

Kelor Bangunkerto Turi Sleman Hamlet has become a tourist spot, the people there are a group of farmers whose highlands are planted with snake fruit and horticultural crops. Plant waste in the form of dry leaves and household waste is processed into compost and liquid organic fertilizer, in an effort to reduce the use of chemicals on plants. The main problem faced by farmers is that the quality of organic fertilizer packaging is not yet optimal, which is attractive and can last a long time. The aim of this community service is to provide training and mentoring in technical skills for packaging solid and liquid organic fertilizers that are attractive and safe so that they are suitable for sale. The method used was socialization followed by training on packaging solid and liquid organic fertilizer, training on packaging design and procurement of packaging equipment. The results of this service are increased knowledge, skills and welfare of the community, solid organic fertilizer products in plastic packaging, liquid organic fertilizer products in plastic jerry can bottles, branding logo for fertilizer produced by KT MEKAR SARI Kelor, Bangunkerto Turi Sleman DIY.

Uji Paket Pupuk Terhadap Produksi Benih Jagung (Zea mays L.) Hibrida

Corn in the second position for the most important food after rice. Based on data from the ministry of agriculture in 2021, the corn have been increased in corn productivity in East Java province in the last 5 years. The Indonesian government trying to increase the productivity of corn plants in order to achieve the target in the following year. To increased productivity in the form of application of good cultivation technology which includes the use of high yielding varieties, efficient management of nutrients and water, and setting spacing. In addition to the right plant population, it needs to be balanced with fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fertilizer packages on the production of hybrid corn seeds. This research was conducted for 4 months from September to December 2022. The experimental design was followed a non-factorial randomized block design consisting 6 repetitions. The factor is fertilizer package consisting of P1 (Urea 450 kg/ha, Phonska 500 kg/ha, KCl 50 kg/ha), P2 (Urea 475.5 kg/ha, Phonska 525 kg/ha, KCl 52.5 kg /ha), P3 (Urea 495 kg/ha, Phonska 550 kg/ha, KCl 55 kg/ha). The research result the highest yield of seed weight per cob was in treatment P3, namely 78.27 grams, seed weight per plant 92.40 grams, 1000 grain weight 31.72 grams, production potential per plot 1417.19 grams, and seed production potential per hectare 7719.26 grams. Appropriate and balanced fertilizer package treatment is a solution to accelerate the growth and development of hybrid corn plants and improve the quality and quality of hybrid corn seeds

Solid Organic Fertilizer Packaging in Karang Ayu Cattle Group in Ayunan Village, Abiansemal Sub-District, Badung

Packaging has become increasingly essential. Packaging no longer serves only as a container for wrapping food or beverage products to protect them from dirt, dust, air, impact, and sunlight, but also as a promotional tool that attracts purchasers' attention. Increased income from the marketing of organic fertilizer products produced from cow manure will encourage breeders to increase their cattle population. Consumers will choose products with appealing packaging over those with plain or simple packaging that is unattractive. Cows produce manure that can be processed into organic fertilizer in addition to flesh. In the village of Ayunan, a substantial amount of processed organic fertilizers manufactured from cow manure are produced. The marketing management process for partner-produced organic fertilizer products is extremely constrained, particularly in terms of product packaging, which is crucial to product marketing. The primary issue that will be addressed is how to create attractive packaging that will encourage consumers to purchase products. Presentations, demonstration plots, and direct practice of packaging organic fertilizer products produced by partners are employed. This activity is anticipated to increase breeders' knowledge and their ability to market their products, increasing breeders' income and prosperity.

Growth and Production Response of Five Hybrid Maize Varieties to Application of Different Fertilizer Packages

This study aims to see the effect or response of five varieties of corn to the package of fertilizer doses observed from the growth and production. The research used a two-factor factorial experimental design in a Randomized Block Design, with 5 hybrid corn varieties as the first factor, namely varieties P21, P22, C9, C7 and Agricon, Urea, ZA, SP-36 and KCl fertilizers. Fertilization Package as the second factor was arranged with a combination of (1) Urea 350 + ZA 100 + SP-36 175 + KCl 75 kg ha-1, (2) Urea 250 + ZA 100 + SP-36 100 + KCl 50 kg ha-1, and (3) Urea 250 + ZA 100 kg ha-1 The results showed that there was an interaction between corn variety C7 and fertilization package 1 (350 urea + 100 ZA + 175 SP-36 + 75 KCl kg ha-1) on the addition of the best number of leaves which was 7,853 strands. Hybrid variety C9 gave the highest yield per hectare of 5.573 tons, and the fertilization package that gave the best results on corn production was fertilization package 3 (250 urea + 100 ZA kg ha-1) with an average grain yield per hectare of 5.07 tons.

RESPON VARIETAS JAGUNG HIBRIDA TERHADAP NAUNGAN DAN PEMUPUKAN DI BAWAH TEGAKAN KELAPA

The study aimed was to analyze the tolerance level of hybrid maize varieties to shading and to analyze the response to fertilization. The research was carried out in Molowahu village, Tibawa subdistrict, Gorontalo regency, Gorontalo province from August 2021 to November 2021. This study used a 2-factor factorial design with environmental design (RAK), the first factor was a hybrid corn variety consisting of three levels, namely Nasa-29, JH- 29, and Bisi-18. The second factor is the use of fertilizers, namely NPK Phonska 300 kg/ha + Urea 200 kg/ha, manure 1 ton/ha + NPK Phonska 150 kg/ha + Urea 100 kg/ha, and manure 2 tons/ha. The results of this study showed that the Nasa-29 variety showed the highest level of tolerance to shade, which was indicated by the highest production of 6.77 tons/ha. A Fertilization package of 1 ton/ha manure + Phonska NPK 150 kg/ha + Urea 100 kg/ha can increase and optimize the growth and production of corn plants in the shade between coconut plants by 0.44 tons/ha and there is no interaction between the treatment of varieties with the fertilization package.

Drivers of the Chemical Quality of Market Gardening Soils in the Urban and Peri-Urban Environment of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso): Impact of Fertilizers Sources and Sites Location

Urban and peri-urban agriculture plays a key role by providing many goods and services. In particular, it provides diversified food and employment for vulnerable groups (youth and women). However, it often involves negative externalities due to non-conventional soils fertility management practices. This study aimed to investigate the chemical quality of soils over six (06) sites of the market gardening area of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso) as affected by fertilizers uses and sites location. Thirty (30) representative market gardening farms, located in urban, semi-urban and rural areas, were randomly selected from a baseline survey database. Within each farm, composite soil samples made up of 3 individual cores were taken over the 0 - 15 cm soil depth for determining soils carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus contents and pH-water. These data were normalized and summarized to compute a synthetic Soil Fertility Index (SFI). The data processing was focused on a Principal Component Analysis and an Ascendant Hierarchical Classification in order to make a typology of the vegetable farms. Fertilizers management effects on soils quality were compared through Variance Analysis (ANOVA) following a GLM procedure in Rstudio software. As main results, soils chemical parameters, except for available K, were affected by the location of the sites. Soils in urban farms are less acidic (on average pH = 6.9), while semi-urban and rural sites (Samadeni, Nakaguana) have more acidic soils. However, the latter site had the highest values of C and N. Moreover, the long-term application of organic matter sources results in improving of the chemical quality of the market garden soil. The SFI is positively correlated with the rate of applied organic fertilizers, and the cultivation duration. On the other hand, soil quality tends to decrease with the expansion of the area, due to a dilution effect of the organic fertilizer doses. All these results suggest that there is a real scope to reinforce the position of the market garden as an opportunity for recycling organic wastes and sequestration of carbon by promoting relevant fertilization packages that strongly rely on organic matters sources (Compost, Biochar, etc.).

Dosis Kombinasi Bioarang Sekam Padi dan Berbagai Amandemen di Tanah Sulfat Masam

This study aims to determine the effect of various doses of rice husk biochar combined with organic amendments of cow manure and inorganic amendments of recommended fertilizer packages (urea, TSP, and KCl) on acid-sulfate soils. Over four months, the study was conducted in the Experimental Land of the Center for the Assessment of Agricultural Technology (BPTP) Pal IX, West Kalimantan Province. The study employed a randomized block design, with treatments including control soil, rice husk biochar 6 t ha-1, rice husk biochar 8 t ha-1, rice husk biochar 10 t ha-1, rice husk biochar 12 t ha-1, package of recommended inorganic fertilizer, package of recommended inorganic fertilizer + rice husk biochar 10 t ha-1, manure 10 t ha-1, and 10 t ha-1 + rice husk biochar 10 t ha-1. The findings revealed that single rice husk biochar amendments and their combination with inorganic and organic amendments had varying effects on the improvement of several physical properties of acid sulfate soils (density, total pore, moisture content, and penetration resistance). The amendment of a single biochar with a dose of 12 t ha-1 resulted in the lowest bulk density of acid sulfate soil, which decreased by 16% compared to the control soil. At a dose of 12 t ha-1, rice husk biochar produced the highest porosity and soil moisture content, 55% and 17%, respectively. The soil strength, as measured by the lowest penetration resistance, decreased by 30% in the treatment of manure 10 t ha-1 + biochar 10 t ha-1 (350 N cm-2) compared to the control soil.
 
 Keywords: biochar rice husk, soil amendment, soil properties of acid sulphate

Application of local microorganism solution and lime to improve soil fertility and maize yield

One of the problems facing in dry land area management is soil fertility. This research was aim to improve soil fertility and maize yields by applying Local Microorganisms (LoM) solution and lime. The research was carried out on dry land area in Mandalawangi Subdistrict, Pandeglang, and Cimarga Subdistrict, Lebak, Banten from June to December 2016. This field experiment was done using Randomized Block Design, where the treatments were three levels of fertilization packages, i.e. (1) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl; (2) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + 1 ton lime; (3) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + Local Microorganism (LoM) solution. The research results show that applicaton of LoM solution and lime significantly improved soil biology. The application of lime and LoM solution increased soil respiration, where level of soil respiration was higher on the application LoM solution than lime. Application of LoM solutions significantly improved soil microbe activities, which in turn affected the maize growth and its yield. Application of LoM solution increased maize yield by 37.92%.

DISSEMINATION OF FERTILIZER PACKAGING LITERATURE AND SOIL CONSERVATION ON FARMING GROUP IN SUNGAI AUR DISTRICT PASAMAN BARAT

Fertilization is important for plants. Appropriate and efficient fertilizer application will result in optimal plant growth and production. Farmers need to know and understand the artificial fertilizers that are sold at fertilizer kiosks, by reading the fertilizer brand including the ingredients and the many ingredients. The aim was to introduce the community, especially the Mekar Abadi and Mekar Jaya farmer groups, in Jorong Muara Tapus, Kenagarian Sungai Aur, to understanding the importance of understanding literacy in fertilizer packaging and soil conservation so that they can use artificial fertilizers effectively and efficiently. Service activities for the Mekar Abadi and Mekar Jaya Farmer Groups have been carried out in June 2022, the activities include; providing information to the Department of Agriculture, Food Security, and Livestock; Sungai Aur District; Wali Nagari Sungai Aur, Wali Jorong Muara Tapus and PPL in Sungai Aur will carry out outreach activities. Next, formulate a model of service activities that will be carried out by the Team together with the community of farmer groups in the Aur river. Counseling was carried out at night, remembering that more audiences are present and everyone can take the time to participate in these activities. The activity technique before the lecture was to distribute questionnaires to determine the understanding of farmers' literacy on the fertilizer brand on the fertilizer packaging, next was a lecture and question and answer discussion about the audience's understanding of the material given. In general, farmers in Jorong Muara Tapus Kenagarian Sungai Aur, Sungai Aur District, are not only maize farmers but also most oil palm farmers. The ability of farmers to distinguish between genuine and fake fertilizers, as well as to distinguish between fertilizers containing macro and micronutrients is still very low. Farmers still do not understand efforts to preserve soil fertility through soil conservation measures. Conservation techniques are also important to maintain soil fertility so that fertilization is more effective and efficient.

EFEKTIVITAS APLIKASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR LENGKAP DAN PUPUK ANORGANIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PADI

The need for food is currently increasing so that to meet food needs, agricultural land, both dry land and paddy fields, is needed. Rice fields in Southeast Sulawesi are quite extensive, but rice productivity is still low. The use of inorganic fertilizers continuously for a long time, results in damage to the physical properties of the soil. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of the application of complete liquid organic fertilizer packages and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of paddy rice. The study used a randomized block design (RAK) with 5 fertilization treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that inorganic fertilization with a dose of 50% Local fertilizer recommendation + POCL fertilizer package had a significant effect on the number of tillers, number of productive tillers, empty grain and filled grain and yielded 6.52 tons/ha GKG. Farming analysis on the treatment of reducing inorganic fertilizers by 50% from the local fertilizer recommendation and added to the POCL fertilizer package gave a greater profit of Rp.17,870,905.

Selection of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Packaging by Applying the Concept of Reverse Logistics Using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) Method

This paper is about the selection process of packaging design for liquid organic fertilizer made of chicken slaughterhouse waste in South Jakarta. The purpose of using packaging is to contain, transport, protect, provide product-related information, and market the product. The research aims to determine the most appropriate design, additional features, and the type of plastic as the liquid organic fertilizer container that applies the reverse logistics concept: refillable. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is applied to select the best packaging type that fulfils consumers’ requirements. This QFD method analyses the features and helps to select the best design out of various liquid container designs available in the market. The results showed that the liquid organic fertilizer to be used is made of thick High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic bottle with sprays on its screw-type lid that enables the reverse logistics concept.

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJAAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN PENGANTONGAN PUPUK UREA-1 (PPU-1) PADA PT. PUPUK SRIWIDJAJA PALEMBANG

Employee performance improvement is needed in achieving a company goal. individual characteristics and job characteristics that affect employee performance. Therefore, this study aims to determine, analyze, and prove the effect of individual characteristics and characteristics on the performance of employees of the Urea-1 Fertilizer Packaging Section (PPU-1) at PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang either simultaneously or partially. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research method, with a sample of 50 respondents using a sampling technique, namely the saturated sampling technique (census). The variables in this study consisted of independent variables, namely individual characteristics (X1) and job characteristics (X2) and the variable, namely employee performance (Y). The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression analysis method with hypothesis testing using f-test and t-test. The results of the study on 50 respondents showed that the individual characteristics variable (X1) and job characteristics (X2) simultaneously had a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y). This can be seen from the value of Fcount (82.015) > Ftable (3.19), with a significance level of 0.000 ttable (2.011) with a significance level of 0.029 ttable (2.011) with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. Keywords: Individual Characteristics; Job Characteristics; Employee Performance

Growth Response of Edamame Soybeans on Various Combination Packages of Single and Compound Inorganic Fertilizers

The many types of inorganic fertilizers cause us to have to choose the right type of inorganic fertilizer for the type and phase of plant growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the best combination of inorganic fertilizers that could increase the growth of edamame soybeans. The treatment was a combination of various types of inorganic fertilizer applications, namely: Control: organic basic fertilizer 2 t/ha + dolomite fertilizer 1 t ha-1 (P0), Urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 150 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1 (P1), compound NPK 300 kg ha-1 (P2), compound NPK 150 kg ha-1 + Urea 50 kg ha-1 + SP-36 75 kg ha-1 + KCL 50 kg ha-1 (P3), Urea 100 kg ha-1 + SP-36 150 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1 + Gandasil B fertilizer (6 g 1-1 water) (P4), 300 kg ha-1 compound NPK + Gandasil B fertilizer (6 g 1-1 water) (P5), NPK compound 150 kg ha-1 + Urea 50 kg ha-1 + SP-36 75 kg ha-1 + KCL 50 kg ha-1 + Gandasil B fertilizer (6 g 1-1 water) (P6), and compound NPK 300 kg ha-1 + Gandasil fertilizer D (2 g 1-1 water) + Gandasil B fertilizer (6 g 1-1 water) (P7). The results showed that the application of various combinations of inorganic fertilizers affected the growth of edamame soybeans. This can be seen from the increase in number of branches, leaf area, weight wetness of plants, and the number of flowering plants. In general, the treatment P5 fertilizer package = NPK compound 300 kg ha-1 + Gandasil B fertilizer (6 g 1-1) was able to increase the best edamame soybean growth and simpler in application of fertilization.

Nutrient Concentration and Yield in Several Soybean Varieties with Application of Mycorrhizal, Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Package in Dryland North Lombok, Indonesia

Nutrient Concentration and Yield in Several Soybean Varieties with Application of Mycorrhizal, Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Package in Dryland North Lombok, Indonesia

Response of Superior Maize Verieties to Different Combination of Inorganic and Organic Fertilization

Productivity of superior genotypes often did not satisfyingly achieve its genetic yield potential. Interaction between genetics and environmental factors more likely to driven the final yield of the varieties. The concept of balanced fertilization is carried out by referring to the creation of a balance of macro-nutrients in the soil so that plants can produce optimally. The research was conducted in a form of experimental study at Tarowang village, Takalar Regency during growing season of 2021 from May to September 2021. A split plot design was used with fertilization package as the main plot and superior varieties as subplots. Three fertilization packages combined inorganic and organic fertilizer were used, namely fertilization package consisted of N: P: K with ratio of 225:100:75, fertilizer package that consisted of N: P: K ratio of 200:100:50 + KNO3 25 kg + Biotani 5cc L-1, and fertilizer package that consisted of N: P: K with a ratio of 200:100:50 + KNO3 25 kg + Ecofarming 5cc L-1. Six superior varieties used were Nasa 29, JH-37, Bisi 2, Bisi 18, SINHAS 1 and NK7328. Based on the level of both factors, 18 treatment combinations were obtained and repeated three times. Responses of maize varieties to fertilization packages, consisted of different combination and dosage of NPK fertilizers, KNO3 and organic fertilizers, were varied between varieties. The treatment of fertilization package of N: P: K = 225:100:75 with Bisi 2 variety gave the highest maize productivity, namely 12.39ton ha-1