Ferric Reducing Power Ability Research Articles

Coccoloba uvifera Leaves: Polyphenolic Profile, Cytotoxicity, and Antioxidant Evaluation.

This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Coccoloba uvifera leaves and evaluate the antioxidant and antitumor effects of the total extract and its major metabolites. Four assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity, including radical scavenging abilities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), radical cation, and ferric-reducing power. Additionally, vincristine was used as a reference medication to examine the anticancer activity on Ehrlich aesthete carcinoma cells (EACC). Nine compounds were isolated from C. uvifera leaves aqueous methanol extract. Their structures were identified as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), protocatechuic acid methyl ester (3), protocatechuic acid (4), quercetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (isoquercitrin, 5), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-neohespridoside (6), myricitrin 4″-O-gallate (7), myricetin 3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (8), and myricetin 3-O-arabinopyranoside (9). The majority possess noticeable antioxidant and antitumor properties. However, compounds 1, 5, 4, 2, and 7 displayed a strong antioxidant potential in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, with values of 85.72 ± 0.30, 82.16 ± 0.20, 81.34 ± 0.20, 79.62 ± 0.29, and 79.34 ± 0.20%, respectively. Compounds 4, 1, 5, 7, and 2 revealed high reducing power activity, with respective values of 1.348 ± 0.043, 1.303 ± 0.011, 1.154 ± 0.020, 1.058 ± 0.032, and 1.056 ± 0.019. Compounds 4 and 1 showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging capabilities (91.90 ± 0.24 and 91.83 ± 0.74%) and ferric-reducing power ability (1979 ± 14.53 and 1965 ± 26.86 μmol Trolox/100 g, respectively). Compound 4 has the highest level of cytotoxicity, resulting in 78.710.21% dead cells.

Evaluation of antioxidant activity of unpurified and purified datura seed

Aim: Evaluation of effect of shodhana process of datura seed (Datura stramonium) antioxidant activity. Methods: The datura was purified with two different processes viz. cow’s urine, and cow’s milk by Dolayantra method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by in-vitro 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals scavenging activity and Ferric reducing power ability (FRPA) assay. Result: cow urine purified datura (CUD) showed a significant effect in inhibiting DPPH, reaching up to 85.96% at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its IC50 was 314.3 mcg/ml while Unpurified Datura Seed (UD) reaching up to 86.06% at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its IC50 was 171.73 mcg/ml. The Cow Milk Purified Datura Seed (CMD) extract reach 69.72% at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its IC50 value was 640. The IC50 value of Ascorbic acid was 23.35 mcg/ml. CUD showed a significant effect in reduction of ferric ion, reaching up to 85.59% reduction at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its EC50 was 304.46 mcg/ml while UD reaching up to 86.11% at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its EC50 was 280.28 mcg/ml. CMD extract reach 52.28% at concentration 1000 mcg/ml and its EC50 value was 1091.3mcg/ml.

Effect of gamma-ray, electron-beam, and X-ray irradiation on antioxidant activity of mugwort extracts

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of radiation sources (gamma-rays, electron-beams, and X-rays) and dose levels (0, 2, 6, and 10 kGy) on the phytochemical profile of mugwort extracts. As the irradiation dose increased, antioxidant contents (total phenol and flavonoid contents) and antioxidant activities (DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing power ability, and nitrite scavenging capacity) increased, irrespective of the radiation source used. Interactions effects between the irradiation source and dose level in all the experiments of mugwort extracts were observed (P < 0.05), except for the nitrite scavenging capacity. Notably, gamma-ray irradiation led to an effective increase in not only the antioxidant contents but also the activities of mugwort extracts, followed by X-ray and electron-beam irradiation at doses up to 10 kGy (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that the optimum irradiation source for boosting the physiological activity of mugwort extracts is gamma-rays. Therefore, enhanced activities of mugwort extracts through irradiation could be applied to various industries, especially as a natural antioxidant source in foodstuffs.

Physicochemical properties and shelf-life of raw and cooked patties added with various levels of grape tomato powder by different drying methods

The objective of this study was to investigate antioxidant activities of various grape tomato powder (GTP) and then 0.25 and 0.5% oven-dried and freeze-dried GTP were applied to raw and cooked pork patties to investigate their physicochemical properties, texture, antioxidant activities, and antimicrobial activities. Oven-dried GTP dried at 100 °C had the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, ferric reducing power ability (FRPA), ferrous iron chelating activity (FICA) and total phenolic contents (TPCs) except for reference. pH and microbial counts of raw patties decreased after GTP was added. Raw and cooked patties showed decreases of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lightness values, and volatile basic nitrogen (VBN) values, while their redness and yellowness showed increases after the addition of GTP. Enterobacteriaceae did not show any growth for cooked treatments during storage. Addition of GTP improved antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of pork patties, and 0.5% oven-dried GTP showed the highest antioxidant activities among treatments during storage.

High-performance liquid chromatography analysis and antioxidant activities of extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaves

Background: Extracts from Azadirachta indica (A. indica) tend to provide numerous health benefits including antioxidant activity. The main objectives for this research were to use standard procedures to determine total phenols, total alkaloids, total flavonoid, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH)-scavenging activity, ferric reducing power, and total antioxidant capacity and analyze active components of the extracts using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and Methods: In vitro antioxidant potential of the A. indica extract was evaluated using DPPH and total antioxidant ability assays. Ferric reducing power ability of the extract was also examined using tannic acid and ascorbic acid as standard. Concentrations of plant extracts ranging from 0.02 to 0.10 mg/ml were prepared and mixed with appropriate volumes of reagents. Results: Methanol extract of A. indica exhibited higher content of phytochemical compounds (alkaloid = 1.9 mg QE/g; flavonoids = 3.5 mg QE/g; and phenols = 4.9 mg QE/g) at concentration 0.1 mg/ml compared to the acetone/water extract (alkaloid = 1.7 mg QE/g; flavonoids = 1.4 mg QE/g; and phenols = 2.6 mg QE/g). An overall trend found in the present study highlights the fact that the methanol extracts have better antioxidant capacities (DPPH, total antioxidant ability, and ferric reducing antioxidant property) than the acetone/water extract. HPLC analysis conducted also reveals seven peaks for methanol extract and six for acetone–water extract with different heights. Conclusion: HPLC analysis of A. indica extracts exhibited the presence of azadirachtin compound. The study showed that the extracts can competently protect the body against oxidative stress and therefore can be used as a source of potent natural antioxidant compounds.

Antioxidant Capacity of Four Edible Plant Extracts and Theirlarvicidal Effect on the Third Instar Cephalopinatitilator Larvae

The larvicidal activities of Ocimumbasilicum (O. basilicum), Citrus limon (C.limon), Syzygiumaromaticum (S. aromaticum), and Piper nigrum (P. nigrum) extracts were evaluated against 3rd instar Cephalopinatitillator larvaeas an alternative to chemical drugs. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of these crude extracts was measured by four common methods. The P. nigrum seed extract possessed the highest antioxidant activity, highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents among all the investigated four plant extracts. The DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity was 73.73±0.14% and the reducing power activity was 2.01±0.007). Ferric reducing power ability (FRAP) was 5327μM Trolox /100 g DW, while ABTS radical scavenging ability (2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) found to be 75.91±0.59% at the concentration (50 µg/ ml). According to the mortality percentages of C. titilator larvae and the LC50, 90 of S.aromaticum extract were found to be more effective with an increase in dose followed by C.limon, O.basilicum, and P. nigrum. Also, by using light and scanning electron microscope (SEM) the morphological changes that occurred 24 hr at 1% of C.limon extract were filmed and the examined larva was exhibited extensive swelling of the integument. Also, posterior spiracles were showed severe damage and shrinkage of the internal structure. In conclusion, all the investigated plant extracts exhibited good antioxidant activity. The current study offers an opportunity for new compounds, which is a cheap alternative for the more costly larvicides.

Investigation of Antibacterial, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Properties of the Mangrove Plant &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Xylocarpus mekongensis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;

The plant (Xylocarpus mekongensis) of the Sundarbans mangrove origin was evaluated for its antibacterial, cytotoxic and antioxidant properties using methanolic and chloroformic leaf, stem and bark extracts, respectively. The methanolic extracts contained higher amount of total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins than the chloroformic extracts and the result was in correlation with their ferric reducing power ability as well. However, the chloroformic bark extract contained more potent DPPH free radical scavenging activity than others. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was determined against both Gram-positive (Micrococcus and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella paratyphi) by disc diffusion assay and their zone of inhibitions (ZOI) were measured. Moreover, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by tube dilution method. Chloroformic bark and stem extracts showed strong inhibition to growth of P. aeruginosa (ZOI = 19 mm and MIC = 150 μg/ml) and S. aureus (ZOI = 19.5 mm and MIC = 250 μg/ml), respectively. All six extracts were subjected to brine shrimp lethality bioassay for possible measure of cytotoxicity. Concentration dependent increment in percentage mortality of brine Shrimp nauplii produced by the extracts indicated the presence of cytotoxic principles in these extractives. Therefore, Xylocarpus mekongensis showed antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities.