Fermented Slurry Research Articles

Fed-batch SSCF using steam-exploded wheat straw at high dry matter consistencies and a xylose-fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain: effect of laccase supplementation

BackgroundLignocellulosic bioethanol is expected to play an important role in fossil fuel replacement in the short term. Process integration, improvements in water economy, and increased ethanol titers are key considerations for cost-effective large-scale production. The use of whole steam-pretreated slurries under high dry matter (DM) conditions and conversion of all fermentable sugars offer promising alternatives to achieve these goals.ResultsWheat straw slurry obtained from steam explosion showed high concentrations of degradation compounds, hindering the fermentation performance of the evolved xylose-recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae KE6-12 strain. Fermentability tests using the liquid fraction showed a higher number of colony-forming units (CFU) and higher xylose consumption rates when treating the medium with laccase. During batch simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF) processes, cell growth was totally inhibited at 12% DM (w/v) in untreated slurries. However, under these conditions laccase treatment prior to addition of yeast reduced the total phenolic content of the slurry and enabled the fermentation. During this process, an ethanol concentration of 19 g/L was obtained, corresponding to an ethanol yield of 39% of the theoretical yield. By changing the operation from batch mode to fed-batch mode, the concentration of inhibitors at the start of the process was reduced and 8 g/L of ethanol were obtained in untreated slurries with a final consistency of 16% DM (w/v). When fed-batch SSCF medium was supplemented with laccase 33 hours after yeast inoculation, no effect on ethanol yield or cell viability was found compared to untreated fermentations. However, if the laccase supplementation (21 hours after yeast inoculation) took place before the first addition of substrate (at 25 hours), improved cell viability and an increased ethanol titer of up to 32 g/L (51% of the theoretical) were found.ConclusionsLaccase treatment in SSCF processes reduces the inhibitory effect that degradation compounds have on the fermenting microorganism. Furthermore, in combination with fed-batch operational mode, laccase supplementation allows the fermentation of wheat straw slurry at high DM consistencies, improving final ethanol concentrations and yields.

Whole slurry fermentation of maleic acid-pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunches for ethanol production not necessitating a detoxification process

The yield of ethanol from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) was increased on exploiting maleic acid pretreatment combined with fermentation of the pretreated whole slurry. The optimized conditions for pretreatment were to expose EFB to a high temperature (190°C) with 1% (w/v) maleic acid for a short time duration (3min ramping to the set temperature with no holding) in a microwave digester. An enzymatic digestibility of 60.9% (based on theoretical glucose yield) was exhibited using pretreated and washed EFB after 48h of hydrolysis. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of the whole slurry of pretreated EFB for 48h resulted in 61.3% theoretical yield of ethanol based on the initial amount of glucan in untreated EFB. These results indicate that maleic acid is a suitable catalyst not requiring detoxification steps for whole slurry fermentation of EFB for ethanol production, thus improving the process economics. Also, the whole slurry fermentation can significantly increase the biomass utilization by converting sugar from both solid and liquid phases of the pretreated slurry.

Direct spray drying and microencapsulation of probioticLactobacillus reuterifrom slurry fermentation with whey

Formulations of dietary probiotics have to be robust against process conditions and have to maintain a sufficient survival rate during gastric transit. To increase efficiency of the encapsulation process and the viability of applied bacteria, this study aimed at developing spray drying and encapsulation of Lactobacillus reuteri with whey directly from slurry fermentation. Lactobacillus reuteri was cultivated in watery 20% (w/v) whey solution with or without 0·5% (w/v) yeast extract supplementation in a submerged slurry fermentation. Growth enhancement with supplement was observed. Whey slurry containing c. 10(9) CFUg(-1) bacteria was directly spray-dried. Cell counts in achieved products decreased by 2 log cycles after drying and 1 log cycle during 4weeks of storage. Encapsulated bacteria were distinctively released in intestinal milieu. Survival rate of encapsulated bacteria was 32% higher compared with nonencapsulated ones exposed to artificial digestive juice. Probiotic L. reuteri proliferate in slurry fermentation with yeast-supplemented whey and enable a direct spray drying in whey. The resulting microcapsules remain stable during storage and reveal adequate survival in simulated gastric juices and a distinct release in intestinal juices. Exploiting whey as a bacterial substrate and encapsulation matrix within a coupled fermentation and spray-drying process offers an efficient option for industrial production of vital probiotics.

In vitro effect of fermented maize slurry and ethanol extracts of five plants against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is an important fungal pathogen affecting the production of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Conventional control methods using chemicals are expensive, which constitute environmental hazards. This has necessitated the search for alternatives in botanicals. Ethanol and supernatant solution of fermented maize slurry extracts from Ocimum gratissimum, Cymbopogon citratus, Xylopia aethiopica, Aframomum melegueta and Allium sativum were evaluated. In vitro test was carried out at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentrations against the pathogen. Mycelial growth was significantly reduced in the following descending order: O. gratissimum > A. melegueta > A. sativum > X. aethiopica > C. citratus. Supernatant solution extracts of O. gratissimum and A. melegueta at 5% concentration gave highest mycelial reduction (0.00 mm), respectively, while O. gratissimum ethanol extract recorded highest mycelial reduction (0.23 mm) among the ethanol extracts. Supernatant solution of fermented maize slurry extracts of O. gratissimum and A. melegueta at 5% concentration was more effective in reducing mycelial growth of S. rolfsii.

Consolidated bioprocessing of highly concentrated jerusalem artichoke tubers for simultaneous saccharification and ethanol fermentation

Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of Jerusalem artichoke tuber (Jat) for ethanol production is one of the most promising options for an alternate biofuel technology development. The technical barriers include the weak saccharolytic enzyme (inulinase) activity of the fermentation strain, and the well mixing of the high viscous fermentation slurry at the highly concentrated Jat loading. In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae DQ1 was found to produce relatively large amount of inulinase for hydrolysis of inulin in Jat, and the helical ribbon stirring bioreactor used provided well mixing performance under the high Jat loading. Even a highly concentrated Jat loading up to 35% (w/w) in the helical ribbon bioreactor for CBP was allowed. The results obtained from this study have demonstrated a feasibility of developing a CBP process technology in the helical ribbon bioreactor for ethanol production at a high yield 128.7 g/L and the theoretical yield 73.5%, respectively. This level of ethanol yield from Jat is relatively higher than others reported so far. The results of this study could provide a practical CBP process technology in the helical ribbon bioreactor for economically sustainable alternate biofuel production using highly concentrated inulin containing biomass feedstock such as Jat, at least 35%.

Behavior of Lactobacilli Isolated from Fermented Slurry (ben-saalga) in Gnotobiotic Rats

Most bacterial strains, which have been studied so far for their probiotic functions, are extensively used by manufacturers in developed countries. In our work, we sought to study a mix (called BSL) comprising three strains belonging to Lactobacillus fermentum, L. paraplantarum and L. salivarius, that were isolated from a traditional African pearl millet based fermented slurry. Our objective was to study this BSL cocktail in gnotobiotic rats, to evaluate their survival and their behavior in the digestive tract conditions. After a single oral inoculation of germfree rats with BSL, the species established stably in the digestive tract with the following hierarchy of abundance: L. salivarius> L. plantarum> L. fermentum. BSL cocktail was metabolically active since it produced 50 mM lactate and it expressed genes involved in binding mechanism in the caecum. Furthermore, the global morphology of the colon epithelium was not disturbed by the BSL cocktail. BSL cocktail did not modify mucus content and host mucus-related genes (MUC1, MUC2, MUC3 or resistin-like molecule β). The cocktail of lactobacilli enhanced the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) at a level comparable to what was observed in conventional rats. PCNA was involved in proliferation and DNA repair, but the presence of the cocktail did not provoke proliferative events (with Ki67 as indicator), so we suppose BSL may help gut preservation. This work is the first step towards the selection of strains that are derived from traditional fermented food to formulate new probiotic mixture.

Performance of purifying anaerobic fermentation slurry using microalgae in response to various LED light wavelengths and intensities

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnaerobic fermentation slurry (AFS) is a type of high‐pollution load wastewater that can cause water eutrophication and algal blooms. The current study focused on the response of microalgae nutrient removal efficiency to various light‐emitting diode light wavelengths and intensities.RESULTSThe microalgae Chlorella vulgaris was able to remove nutrients from AFS effectively. Furthermore, only moderate light intensities (800, 1300, 1800, and 2300 µmol m−2 s−1) were required to culture C. vulgaris and induce nutrient removal. Exposure to higher light intensities produced greater dry weight (DW) biomass and achieved higher nutrient removal efficiencies. The order of light wavelengths based on the DW biomass yield of C. vulgaris was red > white > yellow > blue. The order of light wavelengths, according to the nutrient removal efficiencies reached by C. vulgaris, was red > white > yellow > blue. Red light was also the light wavelength with the best economic efficiency for nutrient removal.CONCLUSIONIn this study, red light was used as the optimum light wavelength. Furthermore, the optimum light intensity range was from 1300 to 1800 µmol m−2 s−1 when both nutrient removal and economic efficiencies were considered.Moreover, the optimum treatment time was determined to be 120 h. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry

Dilute acid pretreatment of lignocellulose for whole slurry ethanol fermentation

Dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) followed by the whole slurry fermentation of the pretreated EFB slurry was investigated. The optimized pretreatment conditions were at 1% (w/v) sulfuric acid with 3min ramping to 190°C in a microwave digester. Pretreated and washed EFB exhibited enzymatic digestibility of 88.5% of theoretical glucose yield after 48h of hydrolysis. When the whole slurry of pretreated and neutralized EFB was used in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using cellulase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sulfuric acid-pretreated EFB resulted in 52.5% of theoretical ethanol yield based on total glucan in the untreated initial EFB after 72h of SSF. When pretreated EFB slurry was treated with activated carbon before subjecting to SSF, the SSF furnished 87.5% ethanol yield based on the initial glucan content in untreated EFB (after 48h of SSF).

Influence of fiber degradation and concentration of fermentable sugars on simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of high-solids spruce slurry to ethanol

BackgroundSaccharification and fermentation of pretreated lignocellulosic materials, such as spruce, should be performed at high solids contents in order to reduce the cost of the produced bioethanol. However, this has been shown to result in reduced ethanol yields or a complete lack of ethanol production. Previous studies have shown inconsistent results when prehydrolysis is performed at a higher temperature prior to the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of steam-pretreated lignocellulosic materials. In some cases, a significant increase in overall ethanol yield was reported, while in others, a slight decrease in ethanol yield was observed. In order to investigate the influence of prehydrolysis on high-solids SSF of steam-pretreated spruce slurry, in the present study, the presence of fibers and inhibitors, degree of fiber degradation and initial fermentable sugar concentration has been studied.ResultsSSF of whole steam-pretreated spruce slurry at a solids content of 13.7% water-insoluble solids (WIS) resulted in a very low overall ethanol yield, mostly due to poor fermentation. The yeast was, however, able to ferment the washed slurry and the liquid fraction of the pretreated slurry. Performing prehydrolysis at 48°C for 22 hours prior to SSF of the whole pretreated slurry increased the overall ethanol yield from 3.9 to 62.1%. The initial concentration of fermentable sugars in SSF could not explain the increase in ethanol yield in SSF with prehydrolysis. Although the viscosity of the material did not appear to decrease significantly during prehydrolysis, the degradation of the fibers prior to the addition of the yeast had a positive effect on ethanol yield when using whole steam-pretreated spruce slurry.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that the increase in ethanol yield from SSF when performing prehydrolysis is a result of fiber degradation rather than a decrease in viscosity. The increased concentration of fermentable sugars at the beginning of the fermentation phase in SSF following prehydrolysis did not affect the overall ethanol yield in the present study.

Prevalence and Fate of Bacillus cereus in African Traditional Cereal-Based Foods Used as Infant Foods

The objective of the present work was to estimate the prevalence of Bacillus cereus group species in traditional cereal-based lactic acid-fermented slurries and nonfermented flours used to prepare infant foods in an African context. High counts on mannitol-egg yolk-polymixin agar medium were determined for the fermented slurries (median, 4.5 × 10(4) CFU/ml of slurry) compared with the nonfermented flours, most of whose counts were lower than 10(-1) CFU/g. Virulence genes were characterized in 60 isolates from 26 traditional cereal-based foods in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Seventy-two and 38 % of isolates were positive for the complete set of genes coding for hemolysin BL and nonhemolytic enterotoxin, respectively, suggesting a high enterotoxigenic potential for these foodborne isolates. No potentially emetic toxin-producing strains were detected. Because of the high counts found for fermented slurries, survival tests with vegetative cells inoculated in fermented slurries were performed, which showed that growth of B. cereus was inhibited. This result suggests that fermentation in traditional production units is presumably not adequately controlled, enabling growth during any unit operations before fermentation, or even during the fermentation step, when the process was poorly controlled. However, adding nisin (0.1 mg/ml) enabled a 5-log reduction in the B. cereus population in 5 h, suggesting that the use of nisin could be a way to upgrade the hygienic quality of this type of food.

Biogas fermentation of swine slurry based on the separation of concentrated liquid and low content liquid

This paper aims to demonstrate the benefits of using gravitational sedimentation to separate raw swine slurry into two substances: one thick and highly-concentrated, the other a low-concentration liquid. The volume of the concentrated liquid, accounting for 18.3% of the raw slurry, contained about 61.0% of the chemical oxygen demand or biochemical oxygen demand and could produce about 60% of the total biogas production potential. The digestion temperature could be raised by approximately 22 °C by heating the concentrated liquid with the excess heat of biogas generation but only by about 6.43 °C by heating the raw slurry. The size of digester with the new process could be reduced by two-thirds that of the digester with the conventional process. After separation, the digestate of the concentrated liquid, with nearly three times total nutrient content as that of raw slurry, can readily be used as fertilizer and the low content liquid can easily meet discharge standards after aerobic treatment.

Recovery of sporamin from naturally fermented sweet potato starch slurry by foam fractionation

SummaryTo recover sporamin, the major storage protein in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.), from the wastewater generated by starch extracting industry by foam fractionation, the pH of the wastewater must be decreased to near three. This work explores a novel strategy where natural fermentation of the starch slurry was used to lower the pH without adding any acids. This work shows that after fermenting for 7 days the pH in the slurry significantly decreased from 6.57 ± 0.15 to 3.40 ± 0.00 (P < 0.05). Subsequently, sporamin was successfully recovered from the slurry with a peak recovery and enrichment of 87.9 ± 6.07% and 1.55 ± 0.11, respectively, at day 7. However, the concentration of protein in the slurry decreased correlatively with the decrease in pH value (r = 0.828, P = 0.042). Taken together, we concluded that the new strategy is feasible for recovering sporamin from the wastewater and fermentation for 4−7 days was recommended.

Enhanced biogas yield from energy crops with rumen anaerobic fungi

Anaerobic fungi (AF) are able to degrade crop substrates with higher efficiency than commonly used anaerobic bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate ways of use of rumen AF to improve biogas production from energy crops under laboratory conditions. In this study, strains of AF isolated from feces or rumen fluid of cows and deer were tested for their ability to integrate into the anaerobic bacterial ecosystem used for biogas production, in order to improve degradation of substrate polysaccharides and consequently the biogas yield. Batch culture, fed batch culture, and semicontinuous experiments have been performed using anaerobic sludge from pig slurry fermentation and different kinds of substrates (celluloses, maize, and grass silage) inoculated by different genera of AF. All experiments showed a positive effect of AF on the biogas yield and quality. AF improved the biogas production by 4–22%, depending on the substrate and AF species used. However, all the cultivation experiments indicated that rumen fungi do not show long‐term survival in fermenters with digestate from pig slurry. The best results were achieved during fed batch experiment with fungal culture Anaeromyces (KF8), in which biogas production was enhanced during the whole experimental period of 140 days. This result has not been achieved in semicontinuous experiment, where increment in biogas production in fungal enriched reactor was only 4% after 42 days.

PPRODUCTION OF 2ND GENERATION BIOETHANOL FROM LUCERNE – OPTIMIZATION OF HYDROTHERMAL PRETREATMENT

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) has many qualities associated with sustainable agriculture such as nitrogen fixation and high biomass yield. Therefore, there is interest in whether lucerne is a suitable biomass substrate for bioethanol production, and if hydrothermal pretreatment (HTT) of lucerne improves enzymatic convertibility, providing sufficient enzymatic conversion of carbohydrate to simple sugars for ethanol production. The HTT process was optimised for lucerne hay, and the pretreated biomass was assessed by carbohydrate analysis, inhibitor characterisation of liquid phases, and by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of the whole slurry with Cellubrix enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The optimal HTT conditions were 205°C for 5 minutes, resulting in pentose recovery of 81%, and an enzymatic convertibility of glucan to monomeric glucose of 74%, facilitating a conversion of 6.2% w/w of untreated material into bioethanol in SSF, which is equivalent to 1,100 litre ethanol per hectare per year.

Anaerobic Fermentation of Cow Dung and Slurry from Hydrogen Fermentation Production of Sucrose

This paper reported an experiment about anaerobic fermentation of cow dung and slurry from hydrogen fermentation production of sucrose by using anaerobic batch fermentation at temperature of 30°C, the results indicated that methane fermentation production can be achieved through this experiment with 40d anaerobic fermentation, its biogas yield is 212 ml/g TS and 239ml/g VS, fresh material biogas yield is 46 ml/g.

The study of biogas production from rice chaff (karukka) as co-substrate with cow dung

The rice chaff with co-digestion of cow dung for biogas production at laboratory scale was the subject of this investigation. The study was carried out at mesophilic condition between (26-30o C) for a period of 60 days with seven percent total solid concentration was taken for the fermentation slurry. Experiment study was conducted for three different proportion case (i) 50% weight of boiled rice chaff plus 50% weight of cow dung (ii) 75% weight of rice chaff (boiled) plus 25% weight of cow dung (iii) 50% weight of raw rice chaff (without boiled) plus 50% of cow dung. The result showed a cumulative biogas production of 161.5ml in case (i) for the retention time of 60 days. In case (ii) showed the biogas production of 140.5 ml for the retention time of 70 days and in case (iii) there was no significant gas production due to high percent of lignin in raw rice chaff. Keywords: Biogas, Co-digestion, fermentation, agriculture waste and rice chaff.

Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory evaluation of "ori-ese" produced from fortified sorghum

Sorghum is one of the important crops used for the production of different fermented foods in Africa. However, due to the fact that the nutritional quality of sorghum is poor, there is a need for fortification of these cereals with legumes or other cereals to make nutritionally rich and acceptable fermented products. “Ori ese” - a fermented thick porridge was produced from sorghum fortified with different blends: Sorghum only (SO), Sorghum-soybeans (SYBO) ratio 3:1, Sorghum-millet (MO) ratio 3:1, Sorghum-wheat (WO) ratio 3:1 and Soybeans only (WSYO). The microbial isolates during steeping and slurry fermentation consisted of lactic acid bacteria: L. plantarum, L. fermentum, Pediococcus sp., L. acidophilus, Lactococcus lactis spp cremoris, L. cellobious, L. dextranicum, coliforms ( Enterobacter aerogenes, E. coli ), other bacteria ( Proteus sp, Coryniformis sp, Pseudomonas pseudomalle, Streptococcus surgis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus cereus ), moulds genera ( Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Absidia, Monilia and Verticillum ) and 2 genera of yeast ( Saccharomyces and Candid a). Lactic acid increased with fermentation time and this resulted in elimination of coliforms. There was a significant difference (P&#8804 0.05) in pH and lactic acid production during steeping and fermentation of slurry in which the highest lactic acid concentration was recorded at 72hrs. The result of proximate analysis showed that fortification of sorghum with cereals and soybean blends resulted in an increase in protein (14. 73 e , 26. 47 b , 18. 79 c , 17. 58 d and 37. 69 a %) for SO, SYBO, MO, WO and WSYO respectively. There was a relative reduction in carbohydrate content and an increase in mineral content of the blends. There was a significant difference (P&#8804 0.05) in proximate and mineral composition of the blends. WSYO had the highest Ca (367.25 a mg/100g) and P (726.85 a mg/100g) content while SO had the highest K content (86.27 a mg/100g), SYBO had the highest Fe content (1.86 a mg/100g) and MO had the highest Na content (57.42 a mg/100g). Statistical analysis of sensory evaluation showed a significant difference (P&#8804 0.05) in terms of appearance, texture and palatability. There was a preference for SO in terms of appearance, for WSYO in terms of texture, SYBO in terms of flavor and taste and SYBO and SO in terms of palatability. Key words : “Ori-ese”, sorghum, fortification, proximate, palatability

The study of cow dung as co-substrate with rice husk in biogas production

The co-digestion of cow dung with rice husk for biogas production at laboratory scale was the subject of this investigation. The study was carried out at room temperature that is, 26 - 29°C for a period of 52 days with a total solid concentration of 8% in each sample (fermentation slurry). The biogas produced was collected by water displacement method which was subsequently measured. Sample A (50 wt % cow dung, 50 wt % rice husk) showed a cumulative biogas production of 161.5 ml at the end of the 38th day of the experiment after which there was no further production. The production from sample B (25 wt % cow dung, 75 wt % rice husk) was not significant, while there was no production from sample C(0 wt % cow dung, 100 wt % rice husk). Key words: Biogas, cow dung, rice husk, co-digestion.

An economic comparison of different fermentation configurations to convert corn stover to ethanol using Z. mobilis and Saccharomyces

Numerous routes are being explored to lower the cost of cellulosic ethanol production and enable large-scale production. One critical area is the development of robust cofermentative organisms to convert the multiple, mixed sugars found in biomass feedstocks to ethanol at high yields and titers without the need for processing to remove inhibitors. Until such microorganisms are commercialized, the challenge is to design processes that exploit the current microorganisms' strengths. This study explored various process configurations tailored to take advantage of the specific capabilities of three microorganisms, Z. mobilis 8b, S. cerevisiae, and S. pastorianus. A technoeconomic study, based on bench-scale experimental data generated by integrated process testing, was completed to understand the resulting costs of the different process configurations. The configurations included whole slurry fermentation with a coculture, and separate cellulose simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) and xylose fermentations with none, some or all of the water to the SSF replaced with the fermented liquor from the xylose fermentation. The difference between the highest and lowest ethanol cost for the different experimental process configurations studied was $0.27 per gallon ethanol. Separate fermentation of solid and liquor streams with recycle of fermented liquor to dilute the solids gave the lowest ethanol cost, primarily because this option achieved the highest concentrations of ethanol after fermentation. Further studies, using methods similar to ones employed here, can help understand and improve the performance and hence the economics of integrated processes involving enzymes and fermentative microorganisms.

Influence Of Nutrient Source On The Elemantal Composition Of Irrigated Garlic

The effect of five nutrient (fertilizer) sources on garlic (Allium sativum L.) grown under irrigation in Bauchi state was in vestigated. Irrigation was scheduled at 25% management allowable deficit, giving an irrigation interval of 4 days and gross application depth of 56 mm of water per application. The nutrient sources were NPK fertilizer (15:15:15), wood ash, poultry manure, and fermented cow dung slurry, while the control was zero fertilization. The composition of crop samples grown under application of the various fertilizers was assessed in the laboratory following recommended analytical procedures. Pungency level was taken as a measure of the bulb sulphur content. Results of the study indicate that NPK has the effect of significantly increasing (p ≤ 0.01) the bulb moisturecontent and crude protein level of irrigated garlic, while causing significant reduction (p ≤ 0.01) in the pungency of the crop relative to the control. The organic fertilizers (wood ash, poultry manure, and fermented slurry) yielded crops having relatively higher pungency with wood ash giving thehighest pungency strength. The mineral contents of the crops grown with organic fertilization were equally higher than those from the control and those grown with NPK. Furthermore, the crops produced with organic fertilizers had relatively lower moisture content. Results of this studydemonstrate that organic fertilizers would give better quality garlic with higher pungency than the widely used NPK fertilizer and no fertilizer application.