Fergana Region Research Articles

FROM THE HISTORY OF THE ACTIVITY OF THE SECURITY DEPARTMENT IN THE FERGANA REGION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

The article describes the history of the establishment of the Security Department in Turkestan, the activities of the Security Department in Fergana region, the processes of working with filers and wanted persons. ‎

Captive Lifestyle of Reptiles in the Tashkent Zoo

As we know, ancient reptiles - Cotylosaurs - evolved from Stegocephalus in the Middle Carboniferous period. Stegocephalus later divided into 2 branches; from one of them - mammals, and the other - birds. Reptiles (Reptilia) belong to the class of vertebrates. Currently, there are 3 zoos in the Republic of Uzbekistan. These zoos are located in Surkhandarya region, Fergana region, and the city of Tashkent. In total, these zoos contain 14,443 species of animals. 304 of them are reptiles. Nowadays the Tashkent Zoo occupies 21.5 hectares and has 373 animal species. 12 animal displays and the zoo are open to the public. The new territory has animal cages, including big wintering quarters.
 
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Diagnosis and chemoprophylaxis of rabbit eymeriosis

This article analyzes the prevalence of rabbit eymeriosis in the rabbit farms of Samarkand, Kashkadarya, Bukhara, Khorezm, Namangan regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. As a result of the research, it was carried out on rabbit-specialized farms of the districts of Bolungur, Jomboy, Urgut, Pastdargom of Samarkand region, Fergana city and Koshtepa of Fergana region, and it was found that eymeriosis in these farms significantly hinders the development of the network. In particular, the prevalence of rabbit eymeriosis has been found to be 42.7% in Bulungur district, 38.4% in Jomboy district, 35.5% in Urgut district, 45.1% in Pastdargom district, and 36.4% in Koshtepa district, Fergana valley, with 37.3% in Fergana rabbit farms. The diagnosis of the disease eymeriosis, which causes great economic damage to their farms, the essence of certain methods used in the diagnosis of the disease and the treatment of preventive measures are described.

Isolation and identification of Bacillus subtilis and its potential in biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi

In the work, based on morphological, cultural, biochemical properties and on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene, a local strain of bacteria Bacillus subtilis TM was isolated from saline soils of the Fergana region of Uzbekistan. The strain was registered with NCBI under the number: OR944512.1. It was revealed that the strain Bacillus subtilis TM exhibits high antagonistic activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium solani, Aspergillus orchaceus, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium culmorium, Alternaria tenuissima with an inhibition zone of 40-60 mm. At the same time, the B. subtilis TM strain showed moderate antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillium chrysogenium (with an inhibition zone of 22-23 mm) and relatively less antagonistic activity against Cladosporium sp (with an inhibition zone of 12 mm).

Organizational and Economic Aspects of Agrarian Tourism Activity Management in Uzbekistan: Analysis, Changes, And Prospects

Objectives: The primary objective of this article is to investigate the organizational and economic facets associated with the management of agricultural tourism in Uzbekistan. The focus is on understanding the potential for the rapid development of the country's economy through the promotion of agricultural tourism activities.
 
 Methods: The study engages in theoretical research, culminating in the development of an author's definition of agricultural tourism. This definition is crafted by synthesizing insights from both foreign and local scholars. The research employs a multifactor econometric analysis, utilizing multifactorial production functions and related functions, to examine the factors influencing the development of agrarian tourism. The chosen objects of observation are tourist enterprises in Fergana and Tashkent regions engaged in agrarian tourism, with financial and economic data being key components of the analysis. Additionally, econometric models are formulated to depict changes in income volume from agrarian tourism services, based on multi-factor linkages, and medium-term forecast indicators are established.
 
 Results: The article presents the findings of the analysis of 19 administrative-territorial units in the Fergana region, evaluating the existing conditions and resource potential for the development of agrarian tourism activities. Integrated indicators, reflecting the overall potential for each region, are determined through the integration of various parameters. The article employs the Sterjess formula to group these integrated indicators, leading to the categorization of regions into four zones concerning the development of agricultural tourism activities.
 
 Conclusion: Based on the comprehensive research conducted, the article concludes with practical proposals and recommendations. These are aimed at fostering the development of agrarian tourism activity in Uzbekistan and enhancing the overall efficiency of activity management in this sector. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of leveraging the identified zones for targeted strategies to maximize the economic benefits of agricultural tourism in the country.

UTILIZING DYNAMIC MODELS IN ANALYZING INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN REGIONS

This article presents an analysis of the Almon lag model using statistical data from the Fergana Region. The Almon lag model allows for the examination of the relationship between variables over time, considering the distributed lag effects. By utilizing the available statistical data, this study investigates the dynamics of key factors in the Fergana Region and explores the optimal lag structure. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the economic dynamics in the region and offer insights for policymakers and researchers.

Study of crimes in the city of Kokand using GIS technologies and sociological questionnaires

Formulation of the problem. It is known that the influence of the demographic, social and economic conditions of the region on criminal activity is significantly high. In this place, researching the types of crime characteristic of cities with different functions, and identifying hotspots where criminal activity has intensified within the city will further enrich the scientific and practical aspects of the geography of crime. The use of geographic information systems (hereinafter GIS) in the implementation of these tasks is an important issue on the agenda of the field today. Analysis of recent research and publications. Today, in most developed countries, GIS is widely used to identify common crime areas and organize preventive measures for crime prevention. Research in this regard is almost undeveloped in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Formulation of the purpose of the article. In this study, theft and drug-related crimes committed in the city of Kokand, Fergana region, were investigated using the Hot Spot analysis method of the Arc GIS (version 10.8) program. The problems of combating crime in identified theft and drug-related crime centres were studied with the help of sociological surveys (conducted with prevention inspectors) and an action plan for crime prevention was developed. Presentation of the main research material. The indicators of crime levels in the small administrative areas of Kokand, in the Fergana region, have been examined in this study. In addition to the types of crimes that are most commonly committed in large social infrastructures (for example, markets, parks, public places) and their specific characteristics, we also discussed the levels of these types of crimes according to age, gender and population size. Problems and prospects of the development of crime geography in Kokand city. Hotspot analysis consists of identifying hotbeds of crime in the area and developing proposals and recommendations based on this. Proposals and recommendations for reducing crime in the city of Kokand. First, this technology is effective in identifying crime trends, organizing preventive measures, planning crime prevention strategies, and improving public safety. Second, GIS is adapted for data processing, mapping, and spatial analysis, thereby increasing the effectiveness of crime analysis and quickly creating a quality criminal analysis map. Thirdly, according to the results of this technology, optimization of the distribution of law enforcement officers, proper and planned deployment, and development of more effective crime reduction measures will help.

The Results of Vaccination and Reversed After Vaccination of Coronavirus Infection in Fergana Region for 2021–2022

In this study, an analysis of the incidence of COVID–19 in the Fergana region was carried out, the number of vaccinated vaccination coverage and those who recovered after vaccination with COVID–19 was determined. The incidence was studied for the period from March 2020 to 2022. Since vaccination began in 2021, we analyzed those vaccinated and recovered from 2021 to 2022. The dynamics of the incidence of COVID–19 in the Fergana region was undulating. During the surveyed period, the intensive indicator of the incidence of COVID–19 was as follows: in the city of Fergana (887.6), Kuvasay–1169.5, Kuva–995, Sokh–737.2, Yazyavan–781, Altiarik–610.1, Fergana–472 cases per 100,000 populations. During this period, more than 7 million doses of COVID–19 vaccines were administered, and no side effects of the vaccines used were observed among those vaccinated.

PROSPECTS OF ZONING TERRITORIES IN STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF AGRO-TOURISM ACTIVITIES IN FERGANA PROVINCE

The article explores the issues of zoning areas in the strategic management of agrotourism activities in the Fergana region. The activities of agrotourism and some related concepts of foreign and domestic scientists, reflecting the results of various studies, were presented, and the definition of authorship was developed. Based on the integration of the indicators of total potential determined by the regions of the Fergana region, integral indicators were identified that assess the possibility of developing agrotourism activities in 19 regions. In order to group the identified integral indicators, using the Sterjess formula, it was established that the regions are divided into 4 zones in terms of the development of agrotourism activities.

MOSQUE IN THE HISTORICAL AND ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENT "BABOHON ESHON": OPINIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS

The article discusses the history of a simple village mosque building located in II-Baghdad village, Baghdad district, Fergana region. It is said about who built the mosque and on what basis the mosque was built during the Kokhan Khanate. Remarks were made on the work carried out in connection with the renovation and improvement of the mosque.

HISTORY OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY OF TURKESTAN IN 1917-1924: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FERGANA REGION

The history of the Fergana Valley in 1917-1924 is characterized by famine, increasing epidemics, war, and the collapse of the national economy due to the policy of military communism of the Soviet authorities. These factors forced the people to go through a whirlwind of unprecedented difficulties. In the Fergana region, epidemics of perspiration, malaria, cholera, influenza, and plague spread and the spread of syphilis, tuberculosis, smallpox, and other infectious diseases intensified in the conditions of increased famine. As a result, a major health crisis occurred in the region.

Biogeochemical State of Salinized Irrigated Soils of Central Fergana (Uzbekistan, Central Asia)

The Central Fergana region is one of the overpopulated regions of Central Asia, which includes parts of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Here, in the dry subtropical climate are the most ancient, irrigated oases used for agriculture. Fergana valley is the key to the food security of the region as a whole. The article provides information on diversity and chemical composition of newly developed, new and old-irrigated Calcisols soils formed on alluvial and alluvial–prolluvial sediments. Soils are poor with organic matter (0.37–0.81% of organic carbon), with high nitrogen content (C/N ratio is 4.92–5.79), and with neutral (7.01–7.30) pH values. Data on the content and the ratio of the key components of soil salinity (Na2CO3, Ca(HCO3)2, CaSO4, MgSO4, Na2SO4, NaCl) and the bulk content of salts in soils under different irrigation regimes are presented. It was shown that Na2CO3 concentration is minimal in all the soils, and this salt presents only in ground waters (0.100–0.135 g L−1). Newly irrigated soils are characterized by higher content of salts than old irrigated soils. All the soils investigated are characterized by increasing salinity rate within the soil depth with the highest content of all salts in ground waters. This chloride–sulfate type of salinization is most pronounced in all the soils studied. Gypsum content in agricultural soils results in limited water and nutrient retention and the potential for dissolution, primarily in response to irrigation. The soils of the Fergana Valley are also subjected to polychemical pollution, so the content of trace elements in them was studied. Irrigated meadow-takyr and meadow-saz soils show low levels of environmental hazard, but irrigation results in accumulation of such trace elements as nickel (30 mg kg−1), arsenic (11.75 mg kg−1), bromine (5.00 mg kg−1), antimony (1.48 mg kg−1), cesium (5.00 mg kg−1), and hafnium (2.97 mg kg−1). Irrigation also affects the soil texture and thus increases fine particle percentages in the superficial soil horizons. Thus, the complex chemical characteristics of salinized soils are presented for numerous irrigated landscapes of the region.

JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN FERGONA REGION AT THE END OF THE 19TH CENTURY - THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

This article analyzes the reform of the legal system in the Fergana region of the Governor General of Turkestan at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. general information on the discovery process is summarized.

SEED LIPIDS OF PUNICA GRANATUM L. CULTIVAR "KAYUM", GROWING IN UZBEKISTAN

This article presents the results of a study of the fatty acid composition of lipids of Punica granatum L. variety "Kayum", growing in the Kuva district of the Fergana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The fatty acid composition of pomegranate seed lipids after conversion of the corresponding fatty acids into methyl esters was determined on an Agilent 6890 N gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector using an HP-5 capillary column with a stationary phase. Neutral lipids were extracted from air-dried crushed seeds in gasoline using a Soxhlet apparatus. Chromatographic analysis of the oil made it possible to establish the presence of 18 saturated and unsaturated higher fatty acids. Seed oil of Punica granatum L. variety "Kayum" contains the richest set of unsaturated (total 94%) and saturated (total 6%) fatty acids. The main component of pomegranate seed oil is punicic acid (51.25%). Along with punicic acid, α-eleostearic (13.09%), β-eleostearic (10.36%) and catalpic acids (4.55%) were found, which belong to conjugated α-linolenic acids. Among unsaturated fatty acids, α-linoleic (7.15%) and oleic (6.51%) acids were also found. Saturated fatty acids are mainly represented by palmitic (3.11%), stearic (2.10%) and arachidonic (0.58%) acids. The remaining saturated and saturated fatty acids were characterized by a low content. The composition of fatty acids of polar glyco- and phospholipids was determined. Thus, the results of the study can provide valuable information for the development of drugs and nutritional supplements based on pomegranate seed oil of the variety"Kayum".

Development of demographic processes in the Fergana region of Uzbekistan: yesterday, today, tomorrow


 
 
 In the world, the living conditions and health of the population have a certain impact on demographic processes. High population growth rates cause demographic problems. As a positive solution to these problems, a number of international organizations, including the United Nations Population Fund, have set the main task of «improving the lifestyle of the population and ensuring sustainable development» (https://www.unfpa.org/world-population-trends). These tasks include studies aimed at identifying and evaluating the features of the development of demographic processes in densely populated areas, the factors influencing them, and developing a forecast. In the world, priority is given to research in this direction, especially to determine the territorial features of population regeneration, improve public health and life expectancy, study the impact of economic and social development of regions on demographic processes. It is also important to determine the unique geodemographic situation due to the influence of natural and economic, socio-geographical and other factors on the population of the regions, factors influencing the development of demographic processes and their territorial characteristics, to improve the scientific basis of regional demographic policy and directions of development, and develop special programs . This article highlights the territorial features of the development of demographic process- es in the regions of the Fergana Valley in 1991-2020, developed forecast parameters up to 2040, and presented important conclusions.
 
 

Problems of industrial waste disposal in the Fergana region

In the article, the problems of waste disposal of production plants such as "Fergonazot" JSC, "Koqon spirt" JSC, "SWC" JSC, Fergana oil refinery and textile industry enterprises in Fergana region were studied and provided information on the results of the conducted research. Also, socially and environmentally effective methods of waste processing and disposal were researched. Work was carried out to calculate the efficiency of processing. Information on technological processes, tools, equipment and research methods for obtaining chalk, lime, gypsum, cement and other building materials through waste processing was presented.

Monitoring of disease and pests in vineyards and their levels of harmfulness

This article monitors the spread and damage of oidium (Uncinula necator Burrill), anthracnose (Gloeosporium ampelophagum Sacc) and mildew (Plasmopara viticola Berl & De Toni) diseases in the vineyards of Tashkent, Samarkand and Fergana regions of Uzbekistan. In addition, additional monitoring work was carried out on the spread of the external quarantine vine bacteriosis Pierce's disease (Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al) in the vineyards of Uzbekistan. According to the results of research and observation in 2022, vine oidium disease is relatively low in the vineyards of Samarkand and Fergana regions (from 5.0% to 30.0% in leaves, branches and grape bunches), and strongly in the vineyards of Tashkent region (12% in leaves, branches and grape bunches). .0% to 100.0%) have been found to be harmful. Anthracnose disease is widespread in the vineyards of Tashkent and Samarkand regions (from 10.0% to 75.0% on leaves, branches and bunches of grapes), causing severe damage to vineyards, and it is relatively rare in Fergana region (from 5.0% to 20.0% on leaves, branches and bunches of grapes) was found to be spread.

Theoretical and methodological issues of creating the “ECO FERGANA” mobile application of tourist objects and resources of Fergana region

In this article, based on the creation, grouping and classification of a database of tourist sites and resources of the Fergana region in the ArcGIS program, an electronic map of ecotourism in the Fergana region was created, as well as issues of creation, design and methodology. A cartographic basis for managing tourism in the region according to its territorial structure has been developed. Tourist resources, development factors and objects of the Fergana region, identified on a cartographic basis, have been identified. A mobile application “Eco Fergana” has been developed, which evaluates the possibilities of using these components and forms the basis of the regional tourism organization. The appendix evaluates the bioclimatic level of tourist conditions in the region (plain, mountain and foothill areas). The map serves to determine the economic and geographical opportunities for tourism development, divide them into regions, develop new tourist routes, and attract a flow of tourists to these objects. Based on the application, the geographical location of the Fergana region, specialization, and convenience of transport routes for transferring excursion routes are shown. Based on an assessment of the potential of tourism resources (high, medium, low), the boundaries of tourist regions are identified. Based on new tourist routes of a complex type (ecological, agricultural, business, pilgrimage, historical, archaeological, extreme, recreational, gastronomic, industrial) at the regional level, these directions are highlighted on the map.

HEALTH CARE SYSTEM IN TURKESTAN REGION: FERGANA PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE (END OF THE XIX CENTURY - BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY)

By the middle of the XIX century, the Central Asian khanates fell into a serious socio-economic crisis due to mutual wars and the weakness of the central government. As a result, during the years 1864-1895, the land of Turkestan became a colony of the Russian Empire. The Bukhara Emirate and the Khiva Khanate lost their large territories and became vassals of the Russian Empire, while the Kokan Khanate was completely abolished and Fergana Province was established in its place. Along with Russian officials and soldiers, Russian doctors also entered the country. This article examines the entry of Russian doctors into the Fergana region, the activities of Russian medical institutions, and the attitude of the local population to modern medicine.

Application of GIS technologies to implement environmental monitoring of laboratory studies of soils under power transmission lines in the Southern foothills of Fergana region

Aim: The purpose of the study is to introduce GIS technologies and create digital maps of irrigated soils, databases for soil surveys and agrochemical properties of lands of protected zones of linear objects of the Fergana region, as well as to determine the influence of power lines on wheat yield. Methods: The article uses methods of spatial and system-structural analysis, cartographic, comparative-geographical, statistical, typological and natural-economic zoning. They are based on GIS technologies using modern technological software, such as ArcGIS 10.3(2), and SAS Planet 1.3. Mathematical statistical processing of research results was carried out based on the IRRISTAT program. Results: based on the new modernized method, irrigated soils of farms under power lines were evaluated, and digital attribute bonus maps were compiled. Scientifically-based recommendations aimed at improving soil properties and efficient use of land resources have been developed. Conclusion: Based on the results of research conducted based on GIS technologies, ArcGIS applications and the rules of direct genetic soil science, the influence of high-voltage electrical networks on the properties of the soil of electromagnetic fields and protection limits were determined. The definition of areas in the study area, the establishment of boundaries, the definition of zones of impact and protection of high-voltage electrical networks, the analysis of agrophysical, agrochemical and other soil properties, the ways of using attribute data from individual modern GIS technologists and ArcGIS applications have been improved and appropriate maps have been compiled.