Fenneropenaeus Chinensis Research Articles

Gelation improvement of low-salt Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) surimi gel by L-arginine

Gelation improvement of low-salt Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) surimi gel by L-arginine

Modulating allergenicity of prawn tropomyosin (penaeus chinensis) via pulsed electric field-induced conformational changes

The effect of electric field intensities (EFIs, 5–20 kV/cm) and treatment times (0.5–2 h) on allergenicity and spatial conformation of prawn tropomyosin was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the IgG and IgE binding capacity of tropomyosin maximally increased by 24.34 % and 29.16 % respectively, followed by a subsequent decrease after 20 kV/cm treatment for 1 h. Interestingly, 5–10 kV/cm treatments significantly decreased the α-helix content (P < 0.05) and fluorescence intensity, while 20 kV/cm treatment promoted extensive spiralization, resulting in a tightly packed structure. The increased flexibility further exposed the hydrolysis sites and strengthened the gastrointestinal digestibility of tropomyosin. Additionally, molecular dynamic simulation indicated that extended EFIs increased structural flexibility and depolymerized the tropomyosin dimers through destroying intermolecular hydrogen bonds (formed within arginine and glutamate), which allowed tropomyosin to be easily recognized by IgG/IgE. Whereas, decrease of solvent-accessibility surface area (SASA), hydrophobic surface area induced conformation folded and caused epitopes masked.

Anti-biofilm and antioxidant activities of Sargassum muticum extracts and their preservation effect of Chinese shrimp (Penaeus chinensis)

Vibrio parahaemolyticus can enhance bacterial resistance to disinfectants and antimicrobials by forming biofilms. The development of new natural antimicrobials is essential for the control of biofilm-related contamination and infection. In this paper, we preliminarily explored the inhibitory activity of Sargassum muticum extracts (HA-PTs) against the biofilm of V. parahaemolyticus. HA-PTs exerted anti-biofilm activity by destroying the integrity of the cell membrane, curbing the motility of single and colonial bacteria, hindering the synthesis of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion, inhibiting the secretion of extracellular DNA, and reducing the metabolic activity of biofilms. Furthermore, experiments on four free radicals (DPPH•, •OH, ABTS+•, and O2−•) scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP method and phenanthroline method) demonstrated that HA-PTs have strong reducing properties and can capture a variety of free radicals, which in turn prevents them from participating in oxidative reactions. When HA-PTs were applied to Chinese shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus, it could prolong their shelf life by controlling the pH rise caused by protein degradation, inhibiting the bacterial proliferation, reducing the content of total volatile basic nitrogen produced by protein degradation, and reducing the accumulation of thiobarbiturates caused by oxidative deterioration of fats.

Study on electrostatic separation technology and characterization of shrimp shell protein

Shrimp shell protein is a high-quality protein with wide-ranging applications in feed, pharmaceuticals, and food industries. However, current methods for its production often involve the use of harsh chemicals, resulting in the generation of polluting effluents, making green alternatives highly desirable. This study combined demineralization of shrimp shell (Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Osbeck, 1765) with ultrafine grinding and electrostatic separation techniques to extract and separate the protein. The research findings revealed that shrimp shell contain 40.64 ± 0.52 % protein, which increased to 52.61 ± 1.12 % after demineralization treatment. Impact grinding, compared with cutting grinding, facilitated the production of demineralized shrimp shell ultrafine powder with more uniform distribution and smaller particle size. However, only demineralized shrimp shell powder obtained through cutting grinding achieved an increase in protein purity from 61.82 ± 0.75 % to 72.72 ± 0.83 % after electrostatic separation. The electrical properties of shrimp shell protein and chitin suggest that shrimp shell protein is more conductive than chitin, while shrimp shell chitin is more insulating and less prone to charge exchange with the counter material in a direct current electric field. The total amino acid content of shrimp shell protein obtained through electrostatic separation (715.831 mg/g protein) was higher than that obtained through traditional wet extraction (533.455 mg/g protein). Additionally, the amino acid score (AAS) of shrimp shell protein obtained via electrostatic separation was higher compared to that obtained via wet extraction. The wet extraction process significantly influenced the nutritional and structural properties of shrimp shell protein. This study confirms the potential application of electrostatic separation technology in the extraction of animal-derived shrimp shell protein.

Genome-wide identification of ATG genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

BackgroundAutophagy is a conserved catabolic process in eukaryotes that contributes to cell survival in response to multiple stresses and is important for organism fitness. Extensive research has shown that autophagy plays a pivotal role in both viral infection and replication processes. Despite the increasing research dedicated to autophagy, investigations into shrimp autophagy are relatively scarce.ResultsBased on three different methods, a total of 20 members of the ATGs were identified from F. chinensis, all of which contained an autophagy domain. These genes were divided into 18 subfamilies based on their different C-terminal domains, and were found to be located on 16 chromosomes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that ATG genes were extensively distributed in all the tested tissues, with the highest expression levels were detected in muscle and eyestalk. To clarify the comprehensive roles of ATG genes upon biotic and abiotic stresses, we examined their expression patterns. The expression levels of multiple ATGs showed an initial increase followed by a decrease, with the highest expression levels observed at 6 h and/or 24 h after WSSV injection. The expression levels of three genes (ATG1, ATG3, and ATG4B) gradually increased until 60 h after injection. Under low-salt conditions, 12 ATG genes were significantly induced, and their transcription abundance peaked at 96 h after treatment.ConclusionsThese results suggested that ATG genes may have significant roles in responding to various environmental stressors. Overall, this study provides a thorough characterization and expression analysis of ATG genes in F. chinensis, laying a strong foundation for further functional studies and promising potential in innate immunity.

Characterization of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) powder and corn starch composite gels as dysphagia diet

In the present study, the effects of corn starch (CS) on the properties of Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) powder (SP) were characterized to explore the feasibility of developing dysphagia diet. The SP/CS gels were prepared by adding CS at different concentrations. The SP/CS mixture presented low gel properties at CS concentrations ranging from 12 to 48 mg/mL, but did demonstrate gelation behavior with the highest G′ value of 1134.2 Pa and a water holding capacity of 90% at 60 mg/mL. As the CS concentration increased, the stability of the SP/CS mixture also improved, as evidenced by the significantly reduced relaxation times T22 and T23, enhanced gel network formation, and the presence of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions between SP and CS. Furthermore, the international dysphagia diet standardisation initiative (IDDSI) swallowing level of the SP/CS mixtures were 2, 3, 4, and 5 at CS concentrations of 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 mg/ml, respectively. The SP/CS-60 mixture gel was considered suitable for dysphagia patients. These findings suggest that the gel properties of SP can be modified by CS, and that the SP/CS mixture gels have the potential to be used as a texture-modified diet with high-quality protein for dysphagia patients.

Effects of high voltage pulsed electric field on structural properties and immune reactivity of arginine kinase in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

To evaluate the effect of high voltage pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment (10–20 kV/cm, 5–15 min) on the structural characteristics and sensitization of crude extracts of arginine kinase from Fenneropenaeus chinensis. By simulated in vitro gastric juice digestion (SGF), intestinal juice digestion (SIF) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), AK sensitization was reduced by 42.5% when treated for 10 min at an electric field intensity of 15 kV/cm. After PEF treatment, the α-helix content decreased, and the α-helix content gradually changed to β-sheet and β-turn. Compared to the untreated group, the surface hydrophobicity increased and the sulfhydryl content decreased. SEM and AFM analyses showed that the treated sample surface formed a dense porous structure and increased roughness. The protein content, dielectric properties, and amino acid content of sample also changed significantly with the changes in the treatment conditions. Non-thermal PEF has potential applications in the development of hypoallergenic foods.

Effects of microgels fabricated by microfluidic on the stability, antioxidant, and immunoenhancing activities of aquatic protein

Aquatic products are considered a potential source of novel bioactive proteins, which are used as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of different diseases (such as oxidative stress, immunocompromised, and inflammation), as well as nutraceuticals and cosmetics. However, the physical and chemical properties of proteins are unstable, and they are easily denatured by the influence of external high temperature and polar pH during processing, resulting in the loss of their functional activity. Herein, Fenneropenaeus chinensis water-soluble protein (FCWP) and Lateolabrax japonicus water-soluble protein (LJWP) were encapsulated within spherical biopolymer microgels composed of pectin and chitosan produced by the microfluidic device. The encapsulated samples remained inside the microgels when they were exposed to upper gastrointestinal but were released when they were exposed to simulated colonic fluid due to the hydrolysis effect by enzymes secreted by the colonic microflora. The results showed that microgels improve the thermal stability of FCWP and LJWP due to the interaction between polysaccharides and proteins in the microgels. In addition, microgels encapsulation did not affect the antioxidant and immunoenhancing activities of FCWP and LJWP. In summary, these microgels are suitable for oral colon-specific delivery in functional foods and supplements.

Response surface methodology to optimize the sterilization process of slightly acidic electrolyzed water for Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) and to investigate its effect on shrimp quality

Chinese shrimps are popular among consumers for their delicious taste and high nutritional value, but they are highly susceptible to deterioration due to microbial contamination with degradation of texture, color and flavor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of available chlorine concentration (ACC), processing time and material-liquid ratio on the bacterial inhibition rate of shrimp treated with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW). The effective parameters were optimized by response surface methodology to the optimal bactericidal conditions: ACC 88 mg/L, processing time 12 min, and material-liquid ratio 1:4. The actual bactericidal inhibition rate of shrimp under these conditions was 37.60 %. On this basis, the quality, color difference and textural changes of shrimp treated with SAEW, sodium hypochlorite and alkaline electrolytic water were compared and investigated during storage at 4 °C. The combined results showed that the SAEW treatment could extend the shelf-life by more than 2 d.

From dynamics to sustainability: Modeling the shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) fishery in Shandong, China

Since 1984, the stocking of shrimp juveniles has been implemented in the Bohai Sea, China as a strategy to manage the depleted marine fishery. Subsequently, major harvest restriction policies including “Dual Control” (1987), “Summer Fishing Moratorium” (1995), and “Fishermen Transfer and Fishing Fleet Scraping” (2003) were gradually implemented to reduce fishing intensity. However, the relative effectiveness of these three policy changes and management improvements, such as varying stocking quantity, adjusting the duration of the summer fishing ban, and reducing fishing intensity rate have rarely been assessed before their implementation. To address this gap, we developed a System Dynamic model that incorporated multiple scenarios related to these strategies in the shrimp fishery. Using Penaeus chinensis shrimp in the coastal province of Shandong, China, as a test case, we simulated the harvest metrics and stock size for each scenario. Our model predictions revealed that among the three strategies, extending the duration of the summer fishing ban is the most likely to improve the harvest metrics, while reducing fishing intensity significantly increases shrimp abundance. Based on the research findings, we recommend an optimal combination of the three strategies: releasing approximately 700 million individual juveniles per year, decreasing the fishing intensity rate to 0.65, and increasing the duration of the summer fishing ban to 123 days, from 1 May to 31 August. The research outcomes contribute to evidence-based decision-making and sustainable management practices in the Bohai Sea shrimp fishery and beyond.

Shrimp industry in China: overview of the trends in the production, imports and exports during the last two decades, challenges, and outlook

China’s shrimp farming industry has experienced significant growth in recent years. With such a development, some major constraints linked to the industry’s sustainable development have emerged. This paper aims to present an overview of China’s shrimp industry over the last two decades, with special attention to farm-raised shrimp both in marine and inland waters. Documentary research on its recent evolution was carried out based on data collected from China Fishery Statistics Yearbooks 2003 to 2022 coupled with data from FAO. Findings indicated that there has been an upward trend in China’s total shrimp production over the last 20 years, with a growth rate of 120%, representing an average annual growth rate of 4.3%. The observed higher shrimp production was driven by expanded shrimp aquaculture production, with major species dominated by the Pacific whiteleg shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei), the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), the Chinese shrimp (Penaeus chinensis), and the Japanese prawn (Penaeus japonicus). Challenges associated with the intensification of the production and the driven environmental deterioration need to be properly addressed. First, the shrimp farming industry should be practiced while considering both environment and ecosystem protection. Applying such an organic farming principle presupposes some practices for addressing the existing issues threatening the sustainable growth of the industry. To that end, there is a need for innovative techniques that should be strengthened. Second, possible solutions to shrimp disease problems, namely prevention, early diagnosis, and various control techniques, should also be developed and improved, with an emphasis on the former. In addition, encouraging the use of good-quality feed in appropriate quantity and form is also of paramount importance. It is thus worth noting that further policies need to focus on promoting a large range of ecological shrimp aquaculture technologies that should be encouraged among farmers.

Examination of the effects of triacylglycerol lipase on astaxanthin conversion in the black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon

The enzyme triacylglycerol lipase (TGL) catalyses the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols, and is characterized by catalytic esterification and ester exchange functionality. However, at present, there is comparatively little information regarding the sequences and functional validation of TGLs in crustaceans. In this study, we cloned the TGL1 gene of the black tiger prawn Penaeus monodon. The full-length cDNA of PmTGL1 comprises 1807 base pairs (bp), including an 80-bp 5′-untranslated region (UTR), a 149-bp 3′-UTR, and a 1578-bp open-reading frame (ORF), and encodes a putative 525-amino acid protein of 58.71 kDa with a theoretical isoelectric point of 4.81. Homology and phylogenetic tree analyses revealed that PmTGL1 is most closely related to the TGL of Penaeus chinensis, with which it clusters in a single group (similarity of up to 97.52%). Quantitative real-time PCR analysis further revealed that PmTGL1 is most highly expressed in the shrimp hepatopancreas. Although the expression of PmTGL1 was not significantly influenced by the differences in the background colour of the rearing pond, it was significantly promoted in response to dietary supplementation with astaxanthin. As an adipokinetic hormone in P. monodon, PmRPCH (red pigment-concentrating hormone) plays an important role in body colour changes and lipid metabolism. Based on our findings, we speculate that the PmTGL1 facilitates astaxanthin metabolism in P. monodon via the hydrolysis of esterified astaxanthin to yield free astaxanthin and that the activity of TGL in these shrimps is regulated via an adipokinetic hormone cascade.

Integrated Analysis of the Intestinal Microbiota and Transcriptome of Fenneropenaeus chinensis Response to Low-Salinity Stress.

Salinity is an important environmental stress factor in mariculture. Shrimp intestines harbor dense and diverse microbial communities that maintain host health and anti-pathogen capabilities under salinity stress. In this study, 16s amplicon and transcriptome sequencing were used to analyze the intestine of Fenneropenaeus chinensis under low-salinity stress (15 ppt). This study aimed to investigate the response mechanisms of the intestinal microbiota and gene expression to acute low-salinity stress. The intestinal tissues of F. chinensis were analyzed using 16S microbiota and transcriptome sequencing. The microbiota analysis demonstrated that the relative abundances of Photobacterium and Vibrio decreased significantly, whereas Shewanella, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus, Ralstonia, Colwellia, Cohaesibacter, Fusibacter, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group became the predominant communities. Transcriptome sequencing identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were clustered into many Gene Ontology terms and further enriched in some immunity- or metabolism-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including various types of N-glycan biosynthesis, amino acid sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and lysosome and fatty acid metabolism. Correlation analysis between microbiota and DEGs showed that changes in Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Colwellia, and Cohaesibacter were positively correlated with immune-related genes such as peritrophin-1-like and mucin-2-like, and negatively correlated with caspase-1-like genes. Low-salinity stress caused changes in intestinal microorganisms and their gene expression, with a close correlation between them.

Effects of bioflocs on immune responses of Fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis postlarvae and adults as related to the different feeding abilities

Effects of bioflocs on immune responses of Fleshy shrimp, Fenneropenaeus chinensis postlarvae and adults as related to the different feeding abilities

Mechanism of Cold Plasma Combined with Glycation in Altering IgE-Binding Capacity and Digestion Stability of Tropomyosin from Shrimp.

Tropomyosin (TM) is a major crustacean allergen, and the present studies have tried to reduce its allergenicity by processing technologies. However, most research stopped on the allergenicity and structure of allergens, while information about epitopes was less. In this study, we first investigated the effects of cold plasma (CP) combined with glycation (CP-G) treatment on the processing and trypsin cleavage sites of TM from shrimp (Penaeus chinensis). The results showed a significant reduction in the IgE-binding capacity of TM after CP-G treatment, with a maximum reduction of 30%. This reduction was associated with the combined effects: modification induced by CP destroyed the core helical structure (D137 and E218) and occupied the potential glycation sites, leading to sequent glycation on conserved areas of TM, especially the epitope L130-Q147. Additionally, CP-G treatment decreased the digestion stability of TM by increasing the number of cleavage sites of trypsin and improving the efficiency of some sites, including K5, K6, K30, and R133, resulting in a lower IgE-binding capacity of digestion products, which fell to a maximum of 20%. Thus, CP-G is a valuable and reliable processing technology for the desensitization of aquatic products.

Hydrogen-based modified atmosphere packaging delays the deterioration of dried shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) during accelerated storage

The influence of hydrogen gas (H2) modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the preservation of dried shrimp was assessed during accelerated storage. Dried shrimp were stored at 45 °C and 85% relative humidity for 8 days, and simultaneously treated with H2 (0.03%, 0.1% and 1%) compared to an air control. H2 MAP maintained the initial sensory quality of dried shrimp, including the color and odor. The increasing tendencies of lipid oxidation and total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) content were slowed down by H2. The results of non-targeted metabolomics showed that purine metabolism was significantly down-regulated in both positive and negative ion modes under 0.1% H2 MAP at 8th day, which positively matched with the lower contents of hypoxanthine, guanosine and inosine. Therefore, H2 MAP was illustrated to be potential for delaying the deterioration of dried shrimp during accelerated storage.

CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted visible fluorescence for pseudo dual nucleic acid detection based on an integrated chip

BackgroundA false negative result is one of the major problems in nucleic acid detection. Failure to screen positive samples for pathogens or viruses poses a risk to public health. This situation will lead to more serious consequences for infectious pathogens or viruses. At present, the common solution is to introduce exogenous or endogenous internal control. Because it amplifies and is detected separately from the target gene, it cannot avoid false negative results caused by DNA extraction failure or reagent inactivation. There is an urgent need for a simple and reliable method to solve the false negative problem of nucleic acid detection. ResultsWe established a chip and an on-chip detection method for the integrated detection of target genes and internal control using the CRISPR system in LAMP amplification products. The chip is processed from a low-cost PMMA board and has three chambers and some channels. After adding the sample, the chip only needs to be rotated twice, and the sample enters three chambers successively depending on its gravity for dual LAMP reaction and CRISPR detections. With a portable LED blue light exciter, visual fluorescence detection is realized. Whether the detection result is positive, negative, or invalid can be determined according to the fluorescence in the CRISPR chamber for target gene and CRISPR chamber for internal control. In this study, the detection of Salmonella enterica in Fenneropenaeus chinensis was taken as an example. The results showed good specificity and sensitivity. It could detect as low as 15 copies/μL of Salmonella enterica. SignificanceThe on-chip detection solves the problem of aerosol contamination and false negative results. It has the advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity, high accuracy, and low cost. This research will advance the development of nucleic acid detection technology, providing a new and reliable strategy for POCT detection of pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

Coupling dynamic energy budget and population dynamic models to inform stock enhancement in fisheries management

AbstractExtensive applications of fishery stock enhancement worldwide bring up broad concerns about its negative effects, creating a pivotal need for science‐based assessment and planning of enhancement strategies. However, the lack of mechanistic understanding of enhanced population dynamics, particularly the density‐dependent processes, leads to compromise in model development and limits the capacity in predicting enhancement effects. Here, we developed an individual‐based model based on dynamic energy budget theory and full life‐history processes, to understand the mechanism of density dependence in population dynamics that emerge from individual‐level processes. We demonstrated the utility of the model framework by applying it to an extensively enhanced species, Chinese prawn (Fenneropenaeus chinensis, Penaeidae). The model could yield projections reflecting the observed trajectory of population biomass and yields. The model also delineated the key effects of density dependence on the vital rates of growth, fecundity and starvation mortality. Regarding the manifold effects of stock enhancement, we demonstrated a dampened shape in population biomass and yields with increasing magnitude of enhancement, and trade‐offs between the ecological and economic objectives, that is, pursuing high benefit might compromise the wild population without proper management. Furthermore, we illustrated the possibility of combining stock enhancement and harvest regulation in promoting population recovery while maintaining fisheries yields. We highlight the potential of the proposed model for understanding density dependence in enhancement programme, and for designing integrated management strategies. The approach developed herein may serve as a general approach to assess the population dynamics in stock enhancement and inform enhancement management.

Molecular characterization, adaptive evolution, and expression analysis of the Toll-like receptor gene family in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Global warming is a challenge to animal health because of the increased environmental temperature, with subsequent induction of immune suppression and increased susceptibility to disease during summer. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family is an essential pattern recognition receptor (PRR) that initiates the innate immune response by sensing conserved molecular patterns of pathogens. However, research on the TLR gene family in decapod crustaceans has been conducted sporadically, without systematic naming, and the relationship between pathogen immunity adaptation and adaptive evolution of immune-related genes is unclear. In this study, various TLR gene sequences in decapod crustaceans were collected, and the unified name of Fenneropenaeus chinensis was confirmed using sequence alignment. Structural characteristics and evolutionary analyses of TLR genes in decapod crustaceans were performed, and ten FcTLR genes were identified in F. chinensis. Protein domain analysis revealed that FcTLR proteins contain 4–25 LRR domains used to recognize different pathogens. Selection pressure analysis revealed that TLR1 and TLR9 were subjected to positive selection pressure in decapod crustaceans, which may be related to their resistance to environmental changes. Furthermore, the expression of ten TLR genes was detected in F. chinensis following white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. The results demonstrated that FcTLR1, FcTLR7, and FcTLR9 responded positively, which was also consistent with the results of the protein domain and selection pressure analyses. This study provides new insights into the immune response and adaptive evolution of TLRs in decapod crustaceans to prevent environmental damage, such as pathogens and high temperature.

Molecular identification and biochemical characteristics of a delta class glutathione S-transferase gene (FcδGST) from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

Molecular identification and biochemical characteristics of a delta class glutathione S-transferase gene (FcδGST) from Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis