RUSSELL, GRAEME. The Father Role and Its Relation to Masculinity, Femininity, and Androgyny. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1978, 49, 1174-1181. Despite the current interest in the role the father plays in child development, little study has been made of either the determinants or the range and diversity of father behavior. This paper focuses on the father role and, among other things, reports on an investigation of divisions of labor in child care and the relationship between these divisions and the masculinity, femininity, and androgyny of mothers and fathers. The subject sample, which includes a wide cross-section in terms of education, occupation, residence, and family type, was recruited from shopping centers. Information on divisions of labor was obtained from a joint interview with mothers and fathers, and sex role was assessed using the Bem SexRole Inventory. Fathers classified as androgynous were found to be more involved in day-to-day care activities and play than those classified as masculine. No relationship was found between mothers' child care behavior and sex role. However, fathers classified as masculine, married to women who were androgynous or masculine, were found to be more involved than masculine fathers married to feminine women. These and other findings on the roles of mothers and fathers are discussed in terms of their implications for research on the relationship between androgyny and behavioral flexibility and on the roles of mothers and fathers in child development.