Feminine Men Research Articles

Social evaluative implications of sensory adaptation to human voices.

People form social evaluations of others following brief exposure to their voices, and these impressions are calibrated based on recent perceptual experience. Participants adapted to voices with fundamental frequency (f o; the acoustic correlate of perceptual pitch) manipulated to be gender-typical (i.e. masculine men and feminine women) or gender-atypical (i.e. feminine men and masculine women) before evaluating unaltered test voices within the same sex. Adaptation resulted in contrastive aftereffects. Listening to gender-atypical voices caused female voices to sound more feminine and attractive (Study 1) and male voices to sound more masculine and attractive (Study 2). Studies 3a and 3b tested whether adaptation occurred on a conceptual or perceptual level, respectively. In Study 3a, perceivers adapted to gender-typical or gender-atypical voices for both men and women (i.e. adaptors pitch manipulated in opposite directions for men and women) before evaluating unaltered test voices. Findings showed weak evidence that evaluations differed between conditions. In Study 3b, perceivers adapted to masculinized or feminized voices for both men and women (i.e. adaptors pitch manipulated in the same direction for men and women) before evaluating unaltered test voices. In the feminized condition, participants rated male targets as more masculine and attractive. Conversely, in the masculinized condition, participants rated female targets as more feminine and attractive. Voices appear to be evaluated according to gender norms that are updated based on perceptual experience as well as conceptual knowledge.

Konstruksi Sosial Masyarakat Kota Bengkulu terhadap Gaya Komunikasi Laki-laki Feminin

The phenomenon of feminine men's communication styles in society has resulted in changes in values ​​that have received attention. This research aims to determine the social construction and actions of the people of Bengkulu city towards feminine men's communication styles using Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann's Social Reality Construction Theory which includes three dialectical moments, namely externalization, objectivation and internalization. The results of this research are divided into three dialectical moments. First, the moment of externalization of informants who have circles and those who do not have circles with feminine men tend to stigmatize the communication style of feminine men like women, and is considered deviant behavior which is feared that there will be sexual deviations such as LGBT. Second, the moment of objectification of informants who have a circle and who do not have a circle with feminine men see the communication style of feminine men as a character in which the traits, attitudes and behavior shown in the form of self-presentation such as gentle and graceful demeanor, less manly, so considered weak men. Third, the moment of internalization of informants who have circles and those who do not have circles with feminine men consider that feminine men are good, friendly, pleasant individuals, good public speaking, expressive, confident, and tend to be the center of attention. The social construction of communities that have or do not have circles with feminine men assesses the communication style of feminine men as the character, traits, attitudes and behavior shown by certain individuals as a form of self-presentation which is considered positive and also negative. The social behavior of people who have or do not have circles with feminine men are open and can accept the communication style of feminine men but still limit their social interactions, interactions and communication for fear of deviation.

Femmephobia Is a Uniquely Powerful Predictor of Anti-Gay Behavior

The current study explored a form of femmephobia (specifically, negative attitudes toward femininity in men) as a predictor of anti-gay behaviors among a sample of heterosexual men (N = 417). Additional predictor variables included hierarchical worldviews (i.e., social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, narcissism) and prejudicial attitudes (i.e., old-fashioned and modern homonegativity). Femmephobia emerged as a robust predictor, accounting for 23% of the variance in anti-gay behavior, surpassing the explanatory power (15%) of all other considered variables combined. Moreover, social dominance only predicted anti-gay behavior when femmephobia levels were high. Future research on discrimination and violence related to sexual identity and gender expression should incorporate femmephobia as a key predictive factor.

Reynaldo Gianecchini na revista GQ: um homem feminino que não fere o seu lado masculino

Ahead of his time, Pepeu Gomes sang about the complexity of gender in the 1980s, and in one of his songs, he claimed that being a feminine man causes no harm to his inner masculine side. Interested in this condition of masculinity, we will seek in this work to bring an analysis of Gentlemen's Quarterly (GQ) magazine and its edition with the actor Reynaldo Gianecchini. We want to understand how GQ builds a narrative link about the life of the celebrity and explores its possible gender fluidity, but which nevertheless reinforces the fundamental ideals of virility. In view of this, and from a Foucauldian methodological perspective on the discourses, we will observe the magazine's narratives that build values that end up reinforcing the importance of saying that it is male.

Women's Preferences for Masculinity in Male Faces Are Predicted by Material Scarcity, But Not Time or Psychological Scarcity.

Facial femininity in men is purportedly used as a cue by women as a signal of parental quality and willingness to provide resources. Accordingly, in contexts where choosing a partner that will provide resources is more beneficial (e.g., when resources are scarce), women have shown an increase preference for facial femininity in male faces. However, domains of scarcity often covary, and it is, therefore, unclear whether these contextual shifts in facial masculinity/femininity preferences are specific to material scarcity (as implied by previous theory), or due to an unrelated domain of scarcity (e.g., time or psychological scarcity). Here, a sample of 823 women completed the Perceived Scarcity Scale, which measures three separate domains of scarcity: material scarcity, time scarcity, and psychological scarcity. Participants also rated the attractiveness of 42 male faces, which were measured on objective sexual dimorphism and perceived masculinity. Consistent with theory, material scarcity, and not time or psychological scarcity, was associated with a decreased preference for objective sexual dimorphism (i.e., an increased preference for facial femininity). This study provides evidence that women use sexual dimorphism as a cue to material resource provisioning potential when assessing men as a mate.

Representation of Masculinity and Femininity Values on “Kucumbu Tubuh Indahku” by Garin Nugroho 2019

AbstractMasculinity and femininity are synonymous with stereotypes created by society and culture in general. The values contained in masculine and feminine can be seen with an open and conceptual mind. This study aims to determine the classification of masculinity and femininity and the representation of values displayed in Juno's masculinity and femininity according to Bem's perspective.This study uses a qualitative research type with the theory of BSRI (Bem Sex Role Inventory) as an indicator of data collection and the theory of semiotics of Charles Sanders Pierce as a method of data analysis. And, using the opinion of Sachiko Murata as a supporting theory. The data collection technique used is documentation by analyzing text, audio and visuals.mThe results of the study found that there are 15 masculinity personalities of Juno's character from 20 personalities according to Bem's theory, and 17 feminity personalities from 20 personalities according to Bem's theory. Classification of masculine and feminine according to Bem's theory, traditionally, Juno is considered a feminine man, so that the representation of Juno's masculinity and femininity values has a negatif self-adjustment. And non-traditionally, Juno is considered a masculine and feminine man, so that the representation of Juno's masculinity and femininity values has positive and negatif adjustments.Keywords: Masculine, Feminine, Values.

Facial Attractiveness, but not Facial Masculinity, is Used as a Cue to Paternal Involvement in Fathers

PurposeFacial femininity in men is purportedly used as a cue by women as a signal of paternal involvement. However, evidence for this claim is questionable. Previous findings have shown that paternal involvement is linked to testosterone, but have not investigated facial masculinity directly, while other studies have found that facial masculinity is negatively associated with perceptions of paternal involvement but do not assess the accuracy of this judgement. Here, we assess whether facial masculinity in men is used as a cue to paternal involvement, and whether this cue is accurate.MethodsWe collected facial photographs of 259 men (156 of which were fathers) who also completed self-report measures of paternal involvement. Facial images were then rated by a separate group of raters on facial masculinity, attractiveness, and perceived paternal involvement. Shape sexual dimorphism was also calculated from the images using geometric morphometrics.ResultsWe found that facial masculinity was not associated with perceptions of paternal involvement, nor was it related with self-reported paternal involvement. Interestingly, facial attractiveness was negatively associated with perceptions of paternal involvement, and we found partial evidence that facial attractiveness was also negatively associated with self-reported paternal involvement.ConclusionThese findings challenge the hypothesis that sexual dimorphism is used as a cue to paternal involvement, and perhaps indicate that facial attractiveness is more important for this judgement instead.

Transgender In Achieving The Social Acceptability In Pematangsiantar

Society expects men to behave in a masculine manner and fulfill traditional male roles, while women are expected to behave in a feminine manner and exhibit normal heterosexual behavior, such as engaging in sexual relations with the opposite sex. The existence of transgender individuals in society is often perceived as deviant. The purpose of this research is to examine the community's stereotypes towards transgender individuals in Pematangsiantar City and the adaptation strategies implemented by transgender individuals who are accepted in society. This research employs a mixed-method approach, with a focus on qualitative data analysis supplemented by quantitative data. The results of this study indicate that various negative stereotypes are associated with transgender individuals in Pematangsiantar City. Consequently, transgender individuals must use various strategies and make efforts to adapt and be accepted as themselves and as members of society. This research can serve as a reference for addressing social life and social status as a transgender individual amidst society.

The differential effects of state and trait masculinity and femininity on body satisfaction among sexual minority men

Masculine men are more likely to idealise being tall, muscular, and lean. Feminine men, on the other hand, are more likely to idealise leanness. At the trait level, masculinity and femininity have been linked with an unhealthy striving for these idealised traits and body dissatisfaction. However, it is unclear how feeling masculine or feminine in the moment might be associated with body satisfaction. Is feeling masculine and/or feminine associated with a boost in body satisfaction? In the first large-scale experience sampling study of masculinity and femininity (nobservations=25,133; Nparticipants=530), we find that state masculinity and femininity, but not trait, are associated with increased body satisfaction among sexual minority men. We also find a gender congruence effect whereby the positive associations between state masculinity/femininity on body satisfaction are more pronounced when these feelings align with trait levels of masculinity/femininity. Exploratory analyses revealed a moderating effect of eating disorder history. The associations between masculinity and femininity on body satisfaction were amplified for people who had been diagnosed with an eating disorder. This study presents the first evidence that the links between masculinity and femininity and body satisfaction can be delineated based on whether they are measured as traits or states.

Online Abuse dan Narasi Hypermasculinity dalam Kasus Perubahan Identitas Gender Aprilio Perkasa Manganang

This study aims to determine the forms of Online Abuse and Hypermasculinity narratives that occur in Aprilio Perkasa Manganang’s gender identity change case. Online abuse comments are found on @kumparan and @ manganang92 Instagram account. The Hypermasculinity narrative is also found in the text of the video uploaded by @kumparan and some comments on the two accounts. The Online Abuse Wheel concept of Women's Media Center Speech Project is used to see forms of online abuse. The Hypermasculinity narrative is seen based on traditional masculinity stereotypes through gender roles and sex roles. This research uses Teun A. van Dijk's model of Critical Discourse Analysis methods. The result found that online abuse behavior as a whole, belongs to gender-based bullying category, while the Hypermasculinity narrative in the comments and video text uploaded by @kumparan can polarize the discourse of ‘real men’ and ‘feminine men’.

The Power of the “Knowing Women”

The Power of the “Knowing Women”

The relationship between Chinese college students' mate preferences and their parents' education level.

Parents have an influence on the formation of their children's mate preferences. This research conducted two studies to test the relationship between parents' education level and the gender role characteristics (masculinity and femininity) of ideal mate for college students, and the moderating role of urban-rural residence on this relationship. In study 1, 1,033 participants (627 females) reported their explicit attitude toward gender role characteristics for an ideal mate via the Chinese Sex Role Inventory-50. In study 2, we recruited 130 participants (66 females) and used an implicit association test to measure their implicit attitude. Regression-based analyses showed that the higher education level of parents was significantly associated with female students' mate preferences with high-femininity but low-masculinity traits. For male students, the higher education level of parents was associated with their explicit (not implicit) preferences of mates with high-masculinity but low-femininity traits. The significant moderating effect of urban-rural residence was observed in explicit preference, with the different patterns in gender groups. In conclusion, parents with higher educational attainment might bring up children who are more likely to embrace a partner with non-traditional gender roles (e.g., androgynous individuals, feminine men or masculine women).

WANITA TOMBOY: BAGAIMANA PANDANGAN ISLAM, PERSPEKTIF GENDERNYA?

In essence, a woman's fitrah is to have a meek nature. However, nowadays many women resemble men or are often also called tomboys. One of the causes of tomboyish behavior is like the poor education taught by his parents. A person's behavior will be influenced by the habits that exist in his environment. Unconsciously, the environment will help educate the child's good and bad qualities. Thus, the role of parents is very important so that the child does not fall into these damned traits. Narrated from Ibn Abbas radhiallahu'anhu, he said, "The Messenger of Allah shalallahu'alaihi wa salam circumcised the men who resembled the women and the women who resembled the men" (HR Bukhari). In the environment I saw, there was a woman whose style was worthy of a man.' Sometimes in the community environment, it is a little disturbed because of the presence of tomboyish women around their environment. Tomboy comes from English. Seca... Abstract: In essence, a woman's fitrah is to have a meek nature. However, nowadays many women resemble men or are often also called tomboys. One of the causes of tomboyish behavior is like the poor education taught by his parents. A person's behavior will be influenced by the habits that exist in his environment. Unconsciously, the environment will help educate the child's good and bad qualities. Thus, the role of parents is very important so that the child does not fall into these damned traits. Narrated from Ibn Abbas radhiallahu'anhu, he said, "The Messenger of Allah shalallahu'alaihi wa salam circumcised the men who resembled the women and the women who resembled the men" (HR Bukhari). In the environment I saw, there was a woman whose style was worthy of a man.' Sometimes in the community environment, it is a little disturbed because of the presence of tomboyish women around their environment. Tomboy comes from English. Linguistically, it means the nature of women that is synonymous with activities that are usually associated with male roles. Feminine it is a trait within the self that accentuates the gentle side of womanhood. Why tomboyish women (have the nature of maleness) look cool, while feminine men (have female traits) are labeled negatively. This shows that after all gender construction in society not only harms women, but also harms men. This is because not all men can conform to the values of masculinity constructed by society. How the human condition is created is essentially the best form according to Allah Almighty. If the Creator says so, then we as beings are truly unsavory to label ourselves as rudimentary and worthy of being changed.

Dominance or Integration? Influence of Sexual Dimorphism and Clothing Color on Judgments of Male and Female Targets' Attractiveness, Warmth, and Competence.

The face is an important source of information in social interactions. Prior studies exploring the mechanism of face perception were consistent with either dominance or integration theory. Studies have shown that both sexually dimorphic features and background cues play essential roles in the formation of impressions and the perception of facial attractiveness. In this study, we conducted two experiments to examine 539 participants’ appraisal of attractiveness, warmth, and competence of the target faces of masculine and feminine men and women dressed in red, blue, or white. The results showed that: (1) feminized male/female faces were considered to have a higher degree of attractiveness, warmth, and competence, (2) people rated feminine faces wearing red higher in terms of attractiveness perception, while there was no significant effect of red on attractiveness perception of masculine faces, (3) when evaluating the warmth of targets, the promotion effect of red was found for feminine faces but not for masculine faces. This study, conducted in a pathogen disgust environment, provides direct evidence to support the integration theory over the dominance theory. Feminized red preference found in this study matches Chinese collectivism and the red cultural heritage, which has an important value for people's daily impression management and consumption decisions.

Feminine patriarchy

In this article, I, using Paul C. Mocombe’s structurationist theory of phenomenological structuralism against feminist theories, put forth the argument that the third wave (1990 to the present) of feminine activism against the Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism has given rise to feminine patriarchy, the push by women for equality of opportunity, recognition, and distribution with their white male counterparts by recursively organizing and reproducing the patriarchy of the society, which is institutionalized as the nature of reality as such, in a genderless position of their own. Hence, women have pushed for integration and equality in the Protestant Ethic and the spirit of capitalism as gender neutral agents of the protestant ethic against any other alternative forms of system or social integration, which renders their historical activism dialectical, oppressive, and exploitative; they, paradoxically, reify, commodify, and glorify their sexual female identity as feminine men.

ГЕНДЕРНАЯ СПЕЦИФИКА ОБРАЗА Я СОВРЕМЕННЫХ МОЛОДЫХ ЛЮДЕЙ

The study of the self-image and its gender specificity is presented in the article. It is stated that gender socialization, having global changes in terms of modern social and cultural transformations, is one of the components of the positive or negative gender identity, which is in turn correlated with self-image, understood as a set of the depth of self-knowledge (cognitive component), self-relation (affective component) and the relevance consistency of behavior patterns (behavior component). There are 38 women and 9 men who took part in our research, aged between 18-28 years. Among them, there are 21 participants with the harmonical gender identity, 13 participants with the androgyny and 13 participants with the disharmonic gender identity (such as gender-unidentified men and women, masculine women and feminine men). It is shown that androgyne participants have the independent (II) type of interpersonal relationship and the lowest level of internal conflictness. The group with the disharmonic gender identity shows the aggressive (III) type of interpersonal relationship. The group with the harmonical gender identity shows the dependent (VI) type of interpersonal relationship. The results illustrate the correlation between gender socialization and the positive selfimage.

Testosterone, Depression, and Cognitive Impairment in Men: an Attempt at Practical Analysis

Cognitive impairment (CI) accompanies the aging process and is manifested by difficulties with memorization, learning, concentration and decision-making, which greatly complicates the daily life of the suffering subject. In addition, medical care and social adaptation of these patients are costly and put a significant strain on the health care system. According to a forecast by G. Corona’s group, the number of people with CIs will increase significantly in the coming years, reaching 131.5 million by 2030. To date, a significant amount of researches has been conducted to uncover the mechanisms of development and risk factors of CI in order to develop effective prevention and treatment programs. Age-related decline in testosterone levels are among the potentially modified risk factors of СI. The objective: to analyze the role of testosterone in pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and depression and the possibilities of testosterone therapy to correct them. Materials and methods. Evidence was collected from the study publications and meta-analyzes exploring the role of testosterone in pathogenesis, prevention and correction of cognitive impairment and depression over the past five years and preliminary analysis of data from our own study involving 547 men with hormonal disorders. Results. Cerebral vessels are the target for the direct (via androgen receptors) and indirect (via influence on cardiovascular risk factors) action of androgens. The testosterone insufficiency is associated with both metabolic and cardiovascular disorders (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity), as well as depression and CI. Serum-free-testosterone and free testosterone index are the most sensitive biomarkers of testosterone insufficiency in patients with depression and CI. The corrective effect of testosterone therapy (TT) on depression and CI depends on their severity and levels of androgens: a clinically and statistically significant effect was registered in mild disorders with androgen deficiency. The findings of the meta-analysis do not support the use of TT for improving attention, memory (working, verbal, visual), executive function, speech, visual-motor and visual-spatial abilities in subjects with eugonadism and hypogonadism. According to preliminary analysis of the results of our study, the nature of psycho-emotional disorders is determined by the sexual constitution (SC): weak type of SC (feminine men) is associated with the higher incidence of anxiety, the strong type of SC – with propensity for depression, the middle type of SC – with aggression. Thus, testosterone, estrogens, vasopressin, and adrenaline levels should be measured in patient with aggression. Conclusions. Despite the importance of androgens for mood and cognitive functions, and their synchronous decline during the aging process, the place of TT in the prevention/ correction of whole spectrum of CIs is still unclear. It is obvious now that TT can be justified in patients with mild disorders and proven androgen signal attenuation, but in most cases has no independent meaning. Further studies to find optimal TT indications and regimes are mandatory.

Quantifying Sexual Constitution: Abraham Myerson's Endocrine Study of Male Homosexuality, 1938-1942.

Using the new medical science of endocrinology, scientific sex researchers in the 1920s and 1930s began studying sex hormone excretion as a means to search for the biological basis of human sexuality. One of these researchers was Abraham Myerson, a leading psychiatrist and researcher from Boston who conducted a series of innovative endocrine experiments between 1938 and 1942 in an effort to establish a relationship between sex hormone excretion patterns and homosexuality in men. While prevailing cultural models of heteronormativity identified male homosexuality as an abnormal case of biological femininity in men, Myerson's framework and experimental research transcended this limiting duality of sexual biology. Adopting the theory of bisexuality, he argued that all men possessed a natural variability of masculine and feminine traits in their biological, social, and sexual characteristics, and that the disparity among these traits could be quantified and understood using sex hormones. In reconstructing Myerson's research methods and data analysis, this paper uncovers how he established a distinctive diagnostic method and classification system for male homosexuality and illuminates how he conceptualized and categorized male sexuality as quantifiable and independent of personality.

Gender figures in fiction communication

The aim of the article is to identify female and male behaviour models, basing on a Ukrainian folk tale «Pro cholovika, shcho mav zlu zhinku»/«About a man who had an evil wife» as a component of gender figures in fiction communication. The relevance of the research is that developing studying of gender component of Ukrainian folk tales, the article emphasises the significance of gender figures in fiction communication. We state that gender identification of the tale’s characters is successful as they take themselves as a man and a woman. At the same time, they share certain gender role attitudes of their parents, which we can regard as following: a man is weak and must obey a woman; a woman is strong and must control a man. In the process of the research, we found out that a folk tale «About a man who had an evil wife» demonstrates the interaction of a masculine woman and a feminine man. Shaping of gender identity of the characters results from the wrong gender model, which the man and the woman observed in their childhood and further transferred in their adult life: on both personal gender identity and interaction with the opposite sex.

Be a Man, do not Cry like a Woman: Analyzing Gender Dynamics in Pakistan

Contrary to the view that gender is fluid, as concurred by several social scientists, in traditional Pakistani understanding, gender is seen in fixed binaries, i.e., either you are a man or a woman. The third category is known as the third gender in Pakistan. It is interesting to note that although gender is seen as fixed in Pakistani cultures, in informal discussions, varied shades of gender are highlighted by informants based on gender performativity. By drawing on the postmodern feminist theory of gender performativity, this paper does a discourse analysis of informant’s views about gender construction and dynamics in rural Sindh. Ethnographic fieldnotes have been used as primary data to analyze gender nuances implicit in Pakistani men's informal discourse. This paper argues that contrary to unchanging gender identities as endorsed by Pakistan society's patriarchal structure, men dismiss these fixed identities during an informal discussion. Instead, they shuffle gender identities by branding men and women as feminine men and masculine women, respectively, based on their gender performativity. We conclude that irrespective of physical outlook, the power lies in hegemonic forms of agency. Gender relationships and gender performance shape the sexual and gender identity of subjects.