Females Of Strain Research Articles

Perceptions on pregnancy and parenthood among program directors in pediatric dentistry.

This cross-sectional study assessed the perceptions of pediatric dental residency program directors (PDs) regarding policies and attitudes on pregnancy and parenthood during residency training. A 28-item electronic survey was administered to PDs of pediatric dental residencies in the United States. Statistical tests were performed. Variables were reported as counts (percentages) and compared using Fischer's exact test and chi-squared tests at a significance level of 0.05. Forty-two of the 97 PDs completed the survey for 43% response rate. Almost all programs had a formal maternal leave policy, but perceptions and policies varied regarding the effects of both pregnancy and parenthood on residents during training. Chi-square results compared if parenthood had a negative impact on the well-being a female trainee versus a male trainee had a p-value<.05. There appeared to be a lack of national uniformity regarding program policies on parental leave. Most PDs perceived having a child during residency had at least one negative effect on their female residents. Finally, PDs were likely to perceive parenthood to adversely impact the well-being and work of female trainees more so than their male counterparts.

Evaluating the gender of vascular surgery residency program directors in the United States

ObjectiveWomen in vascular surgery, especially those in leadership positions, are historically sparse but have the potential to make significant contributions to diversifying the future cohort of vascular surgeons. We aimed to analyze the current demographics of integrated vascular surgery residency (0+5) and fellowship (5+2) program directors (PDs) in the United States. MethodsA cross-sectional study of all active Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited 0+5 and 5+2 programs was performed. Program and PD data were obtained in February 2023 using publicly accessible sources. Program accreditation date, affiliation type, female faculty, and female trainees were collected. PD data included medical degree, training pathway, country of training, gender (male vs female), current age, appointment age, duration between training and appointment, research output, and H-index. ResultsSeventy-four 0+5 programs and 117 5+2 programs were included. Most programs were university-affiliated (164/191; 86%). Seventy-six percent (146/191) of PDs were identified as male, with the remaining 24% female. The mean age was 52 ± 7 years, and the age at PD appointment was 46 ± 7 years. The time between training completion and PD appointment was 11 ± 7 years, and the mean term length was 4 ± 3.5 years. Female PDs were younger overall (49 ± 6 vs 53 ± 7 years; P = .04) and at age of appointment (41 ± 5 vs 48 ± 7 years; P = .03). There was a trend of female PDs having longer term lengths compared with male PDs (6 ± 4 vs 4 ± 3 years; P = .08). Forty percent of residents were female, and 26% of full-time faculty were female. 5+2 female PDs were in programs with more female faculty (P = .001). Female department leaders had double the number of female PDs compared with male department leaders. Male PDs had a higher mean number of publications and Hirsch index compared with female PDs. However, these differences were not statistically significant when adjusting for age and age at position appointment. ConclusionsMost 0+5 and 5+2 PDs were men, and the overwhelming majority of department or division leaders in vascular surgery were male. Although the majority of PDs were male, female PDs were appointed earlier in their career. The current state of diversity in vascular surgery leadership has improved over the past decade; however, there still needs to be more female vascular surgeons, especially in leadership positions. Continuing institutional and societal efforts to recruit female trainees and promote women to leadership is essential to improve the diversification of vascular surgeons.

The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Education and Wellbeing of the Residents in the Family Practice Residency Program in the Ministry of Health in Bahrain

Background: The global spread of SARS-CoV-2 profoundly affected physicians, especially the trainees in residency programs, in terms of psychological, social well-being, and educational aspects. However, the extent of its impact and how it compromises their quality of life and care has not been established well. Objectives: The aim of our study is to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on psychological, social wellbeing and education among the trainees in residency training programs in the Ministry of Health in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 trainee residents in February 2022 using the perceived stress questionnaire distributed over social media platforms to be answered online. The questionnaire was composed of 4 parts: demographics, the impact of the COVID-19 virus on psychological well-being, training, and education. A p-value cut-off point of &lt;0.05 at a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was used to determine statistical significance. Result: Of the 89 questionnaires distributed, 85 trainees responded (95.5%). Residents who covered COVID-19 centers for more than four months had a higher impact on their training than those who covered less than two months. Female trainees were more affected than males. However, there was no significant difference among genders regarding the level of stress and psychological well-being. Conclusion: The adoption of new strategies in the training department for the trainees is recommended to decrease the adverse psychological effects and to prevent any compromise in the training in future pandemics. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Pandemic, Trainees, Family Practice, Psychological wellbeing, Residency

Burnout and emotional intelligence: A relationship study female physical education trainee teachers

The intention of this disquisition was to explore if a relationship exists or not between emotional intelligence and burnout by examining a sample of 32 womanish physical education trainee preceptors. Burnout was measured by the Maslach burnout force Scale, Emotional intelligence was measured by the N.S. Schutte emotional intelligence Scale. The correlation was reckoned 0.05 situations. Examinations set up that burnout pattern and emotional intelligence have a strong negative association (r = -0.834), according to exploration results. Emotional intelligence had a significant donation on the burnout of womanish physical education trainee preceptors. Emotional intelligence and burnout set up negatively identified. Burnout was equally related to overall emotional intelligence situations. A series of retrogression analyses revealed that emotional control, emotional recognition and expression, and understanding of feelings were significant predictors of burnout.

Confidence in Neurology: how Educators can help Junior Doctors fight Neurophobia

Aim: To study factors influencing junior doctors’ confidence when managing neurological conditions.Methods: Using a previously-validated questionnaire, residents of a Singaporean Internal Medicine residency programme were retrospectively-surveyed on their confidence when managing neurological conditions against a 6-point Likert scale. Those who considered themselves confident were compared against those who did not, studying factors contributing to differences in their confidence.Results: 54% (94) of eligible residents completed the survey, of which only 58% felt confident when surveyed, and tended to report adequate interaction with neurologists (69% vs 31%, p = 0.004) and patients (75% vs 24%, p = 0.0001), and that the training material (75% vs 44%, p = 0.023) and bedside teaching were adequate (69% vs 38%, p = 0.026). Of note, graduates from the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, and Australia reported feeling less-than-confident immediately upon graduation (31% vs 6%, p = 0.043). However, during graduate medical training, those who experienced improvement in their confidence tended to be males (46% vs 23%, p = 0.024), and were likelier to have received adequate training material (41% vs 20%, p = 0.032) and bedside teaching (67% vs 46%, p = 0.035).Conclusion: Low confidence prevails amongst junior doctors when managing neurological conditions. Female trainees, and graduates of medical schools in culturally-different countries are likelier to require increased organizational support. Equity within the medical training framework is also vital for building their confidence.

Patterns of and Factors Undermining Female Participation in Hard Trades under Tanzania’s Vocational Education and Training System

Abstract&#x0D; This study reports the findings on female participation in hard trades under Tanzania’s Vocational Education and Training (VET). This qualitative research involved 72 participants including females’ trainees, instructors, employers and principals. It used semi-structured interview and Focus Group Discussion to collect data, which was subjected to content analysis. Participation patterns indicated far lower female participation in hard than soft trades. The study established the main contributory factors to this lopsided female gender representation in hard trades in Tanzania as gender role stereotyping, employers’ reluctance, lack of role models, absence of formal career guidance and counselling services, as well as gender-based curriculum materials. The study, therefore, recommends for the change in mindset among female aspirants in attitude towards hard trades to increase their participation while society should embrace positive perceptions of the abilities of females to pursue hard trades. VET centres should also employ female instructors in hard trades to serve as role models to encourage other females to opt for hard trades. Finally, VET instructors should encourage female trainees to participate in hard trades.

Examining trainees' success in Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency Training (BOSIET) on the basis of their anxiety levels.

A descriptive study was designed to determine the relationship between the anxiety levels of offshore workers participating in the Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency Training (BOSIET) and their success in the training and to examine the potential factors affecting anxiety. The trainees' state-anxiety values were determined using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) Form TX-1 before and after each exercise, and trait-anxiety values were determined using TX-2 after all exercises had been completed. Among 276 trainees, female (n = 17), non-swimmers (n = 22) and younger trainees (median age: 35 [32-41]) had higher state-anxiety levels. The most anxiety-provoking and the most unsuccessful parts of the training were helicopter escape, the use of Compressed Air Emergency Breathing System (CA-EBS), and sea survival, respectively. After the CA-EBS exercise, where failure was seen for the first time, the anxiety level of those who failed increased. The post-exercise state-anxiety scores of the unsuccessful ones were higher than those of the successful ones.

Gender and Race Demographics of Fellowships After General Surgery Training in the United States: A Five-Year Analysis in Applicant and Resident Trends.

The gender and minority gap in general surgery residency is narrowing; however, literature lacks comprehensive data regarding the demographics of fellowship programs following general surgery training. Data from 2017 to 2021 for gender, ethnicity, and surgical subspecialty are publicly available from the ERAS database and ACGME yearly data reports. Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to determine statistical significance in trends for female and minority applicants and trainees. The overall trend of female applicants to surgical specialties remained stagnant. However, female applicants to vascular surgery increased significantly from 25% to 35% (P = .045). There was no significant increase in female trainees in any surgical specialties evaluated. Furthermore, the overall trend of minority applicants to surgical specialties also remained stagnant, except for pediatric surgery, which showed significantly fewer minority applicants. Despite pediatric surgery having fewer applicants, minority trainees in this specialty increased significantly from 8% to 19% (P = .008). Several current initiatives, such as intentional mentorship, are being reported to promote diverse and equal representation among female and minority applicants and trainees. However, the current overall margin of increase in diversity among surgical specialty applicants and trainees is minimal, indicating that continued efforts are needed to diversify surgical specialty training programs.

Welfare practices for anaesthesiology trainees in Europe: A descriptive cross-sectional survey study.

Current regulations of anaesthesiology training programmes may affect gender equity, female representation and leadership. To describe the work regulations of anaesthesiology training programs and working conditions during the early period of child-rearing in European countries. Cross-sectional survey. National Anesthesiologists Societies Committee (NASC) representatives of the European Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. Thirty-eight NASC representatives. Basic specialist training working conditions, gender-related data, return to work after childbirth and workplace policies against discrimination during anaesthesiology specialist training. A 48-item questionnaire to explore the work patterns and conditions for trainees especially for new parents, professional development opportunities and work discrimination regulations in each representative country was distributed to NASC representatives of 44 European countries. We collected the replies of each representative (38 representatives from 44 invited countries' representatives, 86% response rate). The median [IQR] proportion of female trainees was 60% [50 to 68]. There were no reported pay differences between sexes. In eight European countries, pregnant trainees worked fewer hours and were excused from night shifts. Women could not be laid off during pregnancy in all 38 countries (100%). The countries offered a median of 18 weeks of paid (total or partial) maternity leave (range, 13 to 60 weeks). Most countries (89%) accommodate paid paternity leaves. A significant proportion of parental leave was unpaid ( n =18, 42%). Twenty-one (55%) countries allowed part-time work after delivery. The UK was the only country with clear recommendations to formally complain after harassment. European countries have a wide variety of regulations. On paper, numerous countries have various paid maternal, paternal and parental leave; however, it remains to be determined if such leave takes place in practice. The practical consequences of these regulations on female trainees during the child-rearing period need to be explored further. None.

Path to Parity: Trends in Female Representation Among Physicians, Trainees, and Applicants in Urology and Surgical Specialties

ObjectiveTo characterize recent trends among practicing female surgeons, surgical trainees, and surgical residency applicants to assess potential progress toward gender parity. MethodsWorkforce statistics on U.S. practicing surgeons, trainees, and applicants among 9 surgical specialties were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Electronic Residency Application Service public databases. Physician and trainee data during 2007-2019 and residency applicant data during 2016-2020 were analyzed by surgical specialty. We used Cochrane Armitage trend tests to assess changes over time. ResultsFemale practicing urologists increased 104% during the study period, the third-largest increase among 9 surgical specialties (range 36%-114%, all P < .01), representing continued growth in the prevalence and proportion of women among surgical trainees in all surgical disciplines. In contrast, the overall change for female urology residents (28%) lagged significantly, ranking eighth among the 9 specialties (range 9%-149%, all P < .01), suggesting slowing growth in the training pipeline. Finally, while the proportional change in urology applicants has been significant (33%, P < .01), growth rates have markedly slowed in the past 5 years compared to women in practice and training since 2007. ConclusionWhile female representation among practicing urologists has improved relative to other surgical disciplines, declining rates of women entering and applying to urology residency suggest a longer trajectory toward gender parity.

Assessment of the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Filipino obstetrics and gynecology residents on fertility preservation: A cross-sectional study.

As primary reproductive healthcare providers, residents-in-training must be equipped with the knowledge of proven and available methods for fertility preservation. The study evaluated Filipino obstetrics and gynecology residents' current knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about fertility preservation. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among obstetrics and gynecology residents in the Philippines. A 24-item questionnaire was distributed to the different accredited training institutions of the Philippine Obstetrical and Gynecological Society by electronic mail. Univariate descriptive statistics were reported as mean for continuous variables and frequency with percentage for categorical variables. The chi-square test was used to determine differences in responses. A total of 143 respondents from different year levels of training were enrolled in the study. Most were female trainees (88.11%) from the National Capital Region (44.76%). Most respondents agreed that discussions about childbearing intentions (99.30%) and age-related fertility decline (98.60%) should be initiated during a patient's gynecological consult. Residents were most familiar with oocyte freezing (84.62%), fertility-sparing surgeries (83.22%), and the use of GnRH agonists (80.42%) as fertility preservation techniques. Despite being most familiar with oocyte freezing, the respondents have mainly referred patients for fertility-sparing surgeries (48.95%) and the use of GnRH agonists (48.25%). There was an overall reassuring perception and attitude of obstetrics and gynecology residents on fertility preservation. A standardized curriculum with teaching-learning activities on fertility preservation may be used to improve trainees' knowledge. There was a disparity in the knowledge and actual referral or utilization of the different methods, reflecting the inaccessibility of the procedures specific to their institutions. This highlights the need to improve accessibility and offer fertility preservation as a public health service.

Farm Women’s Assessment of On-Campus Training Programmes Conducted by Farmer Training Centre, Junagadh

To assess the opinions of farm women on diff erent aspects of trainings organized by Farmer Training Centre (FTC), Junagadh, the present study was conducted using ex-post facto research design during 2019-2020. The multistage and purposive sampling technique was used for the study. Total eight villages and 240 farm women respondents were selected from Junagadh district for the study. It can be concluded from the study that majority of the farm women were interested in off campus training as compared to on campus training programmes. The research showed that out of total, 24.16 per cent of the farm women strongly agreed that staff of the FTC was cooperative, 21.66 per cent of them agreed with management of the training by FTC was good. Majority agreed that lessons were conducted as per the plan (47.00%), content of the training was relevant (46.00%). Training followed by demonstration (75.83%) and use of training aids (77.00%) were most prioritized by farm women. The major suggestions given by farm women to improve training programme were; more practical classes, fi eld visit and demonstration should be organized, followed by method demonstration must be used for complex technologies, more emphasis should be given on practical, female trainers should be preferred.

Motivators and deterrents for early career female doctors applying to surgical training programmes in the UK National Health Service: a mixed-methods study

ObjectivesTo perform a mixed-methods study identifying motivators and deterrents to female doctors interested in core surgical training (CST). To provide tangible implementations based on the findings.DesignThis study used quantitative (questionnaires)...

ICRE Top Research Abstracts

ICRE Top Research Abstracts

The Evaluation Of The Field Of Social Interaction Created by Female Trainers And Adult Educators In The Context of Gender Inequality In Adult Education Process: The Case of Isparta

Türkiye’de toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği ve ayrımcılığına bakıldığında eğitimden sağlığa, iş yaşamından karar verme mekanizmalarına kadar toplumsal yaşamın her alanında ciddi boyutlara ulaşarak yalnızca kadınları ve kız çocuklarını etkilemekle kalmayıp ülkenin demokratikleşmesinin ve kalkınmasının önünde de önemli bir set oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu eşitsizlik alanlarında kırılma noktası yaratmada önemli bir rolü olan eğitim, özellikle de yetişkin eğitimi, bireylerin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği konusunda bilinçlenmesinde ve kadınların güçlenmesinde etkili bir alandır. Türkiye’de yetişkin eğitiminin en yaygın kamusal uygulama sahası olan Halk Eğitimi Merkezleri ise özellikle kadınların bilişsel, psikolojik, ekonomik ve politik alanlarda güçlenmesinde oldukça önemlidir. Böyle bir çıkış noktasından hareketle bu çalışmanın amacı: kadınların katıldığı kurslarda toplumsal etkileşimin hangi alanlarda gerçekleştiğini anlamak, yetişkin eğitimcilerin ve yetişkin öğrenenlerin toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğine yönelik bakış açılarını ortaya koymak ve öğrenme sürecinin kadınların güçlenmesinde nasıl bir role sahip olduğunu anlamaya çalışmaktır. Nitel araştırma deseni ve feminist metodoloji doğrultusunda planlanan bu çalışma, Isparta HEM’de kurslara katılan kadın yetişkinlerin ve yetişkin eğitimcilerle yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup, verilerin analizi ise kategorik içerik analizi perspektifi ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucu olarak ise ataerkil ideolojiyle birlikte kadınların sorgulamadan, doğal yazgı olarak gördükleri “kadın olma” olgusunu içselleştirerek sosyal etkileşim alanında da yeniden ürettikleri ve güçlenmeyi, ekonomik güçlenme ile sınırlandırdıkları görülebilmektedir.

Gender Differences in the Research Productivity of Radiation Oncology Resident Graduates in the United States: 2015 to 2019

PurposeIt is well-documented that gender disparities exist in academic radiation oncology departments. The purpose of this study was to analyze gender differences in research productivity during residency among recent graduates of radiation oncology training programs in the United States (US). Methods and MaterialsWe used several publicly available sources to create a database of US radiation oncology residents who graduated between 2015 and 2019. We systematically collected gender information from the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System National Provider Identifier Registry and Medicare claims registry. Postresidency employment information was collected using several publicly available sources. PubMed was queried to identify first-author publications of residents. A secondary analysis of metadata including impact factor, number of citations, modified Hirsch index (h index), and type of publication was performed. A multivariable linear regression was performed to evaluate the effect of gender on research productivity during residency. ResultsThere were 910 total graduates identified during this period and who were entered into this database, of whom all had available gender information. Female trainees comprised 29.0% (n = 264) of RO residents and had fewer first-author publications and citations, had lower mean modified h index, and were published in journals with lower impact factors. On multivariable linear regression analysis, female gender was independently associated with decreased total number of publications (P = .005), mean number of citations (P < .001), and modified h index (P = .001) when controlling for residency size and advanced (PhD or master's) degrees. ConclusionsIn the US, female RO trainees had lower research productivity, which was not explained by advanced degrees or residency size. A significant gender gap in trainee research productivity persists, which has known implications in terms of academic achievement, promotions, and career trajectory. Future interventions to improve resident research productivity and mentorship are warranted.

Pregnancy and Motherhood Challenges during Postgraduate Training in Pakistan.

In Pakistan, women have outnumbered men in medicine and many women now choose to start a family earlier in their careers. A 24-question survey was electronically distributed over social media. Female postgraduate trainees and consultants who had experienced pregnancy and motherhood during their training were included. Questions were asked about their experiences of pregnancy, news breaking, attitudes of colleagues and supervisors, maternity leaves, and lactational issues. A total of 320 responses were received; Internal Medicine (19.1%), Gynaecology and Obstetrics (15.0%), Surgery 46 (14.4%), and Pediatrics (11.9%) were major specialities. One hundred and nineteen (37.2%) respondents feared they would be considered 'uncommitted" if the news of their pregnancy broke. Breastfeeding was important to 77.5% mothers, but only 40% of the mothers could breastfeed, and 86.2% reported that lactation facilities were inadequate. 50% mothers thought to strongly reconsider their speciality. Postgraduate training programs in Pakistan should be tailored to address the needs of trainee mothers. Key Words: Motherhood, Postgraduate training, Lactation, Pregnancy.

Sociodemographic factors affecting paediatric surgical training in Malaysia: Gender matters

BackgroundA shortage of specialist paediatric surgeons in Malaysia led to establishment of a national postgraduate training programme in 2004. We aimed to identify sociodemographic factors impacting training experience, and to define pressure points during training to inform targeted trainee support strategies. MethodsWe conducted an anonymized online survey in June 2021 on all programme graduates. Participants were asked for sociodemographic data, both current and during training. Likert scale responses were required for questions regarding adequacy of support received for family, health and personal issues during training. A free text response question soliciting suggestions for programme improvement was included. Data are reported as median (range). Chi-square/Fisher's exact tests for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous variables were used, with p<0.05 significance. ResultsOf 53 eligible participants, 52 (98%) responded, 24 (46%) were female. Marital status was similar between genders at entry, but female trainees were more likely to be unmarried on exit (p = 0.001), and less likely to have children while training (p = 0.017). Of the 6 female and 18 male trainees who had children while training, women were more likely to take parental leave (p = 0.01). The majority felt advice given regarding parental leave and managing training while having children were poor. In thematic analysis of free text answers, lack of hands-on experience was the most common concern. ConclusionFactors related to marriage and parenthood significantly associate with gender amongst trainees in Malaysia despite both genders being well represented. Concerns regarding adequacy of hands-on training highlight the need for educational innovations such as simulation models. Level of studyLevel III.

AKSARAY İLİNDE MESLEK EDİNDİRME KURSUNA DEVAM EDEN KADINLARDA DEPRESİF BELİRTİ GÖRÜLME SIKLIĞI VE ÇEŞİTLİ FAKTÖRLERLE İLİŞKİSİ

Kadınlarda depresif belirti görülme sıklığını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin planlanması ve sunulması açısından önemlidir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmanın araştırma grubunu Aksaray ili meslek edindirme kursuna devam eden 585 kadın kursiyer oluşturmaktadır. Kursiyerlere 2017 yılı Mayıs ve Haziran aylarında sosyodemografik bilgileri ve ruhsal durumla ilgili sorular ile Genel Sağlık Anketi 12’lik formu ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel analizlerde sayı, yüzde dağılımı, Ki kare testi, gerekli durumlarda ise Fisher kesin ki kare, Mantel Haenszel ki kare testi ve Yates düzeltmesi ve logistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Depresif belirti gösteren kadınların sıklığı %15,6’dır. Eşin öğrenim durumu, çocuk durumu, ailenin aylık gelir durumu, gelir düzeyi değerlendirmeleri, gelir-gider yeterliliği, antidepresan ilaç kullanımı, sigara kullanımı, maddi sıkıntı, çocuklar ile ilgili sorunlar ile ruhsal sağlık durumu ve depresyon belirti görülme durumu arasında anlamlı ilişki vardır. Kadınlarda depresif belirti görülme durumu aylık gelirini yeterli bulmayanlarda, antidepresan kullanmış veya kullananlarda, çocuklarıyla ilgili sorun yaşayanlarda daha fazla bulundu. Kadınlar arasında geçmişte ve çalışmanın yapıldığı esnada antidepresan ilaç kullananlar %23,9’dur. Yaşa göre ve ruhsal hastalık tanısı alma durumuna göre antidepresan ilaç kullanımı arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı. Antidepresan ilaç kullananların %11,4’ ü ruhsal hastalık tanısı almamıştı. Kadınların gelir düzeylerinin arttırılması ve aile içi özellikle çocuklarla yaşanan sorunların düzeltilmesi konusu ile ilgili farkındalık çalışmaları yapılması, kadınların emeğinin değer görmesi ve sabit gelir elde etmeleri, sosyal güvenliklerinin sağlanması depresif belirtilerin önlenmesi açısından koruyucu olabilir. Ruh sağlığını korumak ve uygunsuz antidepresan kullanımının önlenmesi oluşabilecek hastalıkların topluma getirdiği yükü önlemede etkili olacaktır.

What Drives? What Restrains? Hidden Dynamics of Knowledge Transfer from Buddhist Male Managers to Female Trainees

Knowledge is power; if so, what hidden dynamics interplay during the employee training process between Buddhist male managers and their female subordinates who would potentially be future peers? Using a phenomenological enquiry, we explored hidden forces driving and restraining effective knowledge transfer and managers’ underlying beliefs, attitudes, prejudices, and motives. The findings revealed the societal and individual prejudices towards women as the restraining forces, while Buddhist ideologies and values as the driving forces of knowledge transfer. The results can be interpreted at individual, national, and organizational levels, thus leading to a new conceptualization of knowledge transfer practices in similar religious and ideological contexts. The underlying contradictions between Buddhist beliefs and societal prejudices thwarted knowledge transfer effectiveness. These findings guide practitioners to innovate practical training to initiate a paradigm shift to eliminate the harmful effect of societal ideologies and gender prejudices and integrate Buddhist values’ driving forces into knowledge transfer practices. We concluded that religious doctrines play a vital role in knowledge transfer practices, attitudes, values, and workplace behaviour in native Buddhist societies; however, future research would enhance the generalizability of the findings in similar religious contexts specific to South Asian countries.