Female Hockey Research Articles

Relationship between Repeated Sprint Ability and Force–Velocity Profile in Elite and Subelite Female Field Hockey Players

This study aimed to compare two female field hockey teams of different competitive levels by analyzing kinematic variables in repeated sprint ability (RSA) tests and the force-velocity profile (FVP). Twenty-five female hockey players representing the elite and subelite levels from the same club volunteered to participate. The RSA protocol included six 30 m maximal sprints with a 30 s recovery. Kinematic variables, such as sprint time, step frequency, and step length, were analyzed for each sprint. Additionally, players performed counter-movement jumps (CMJs) and CMJs with 50% body weight (CMJ50s) to calculate the FV50 using the Bosco Index. The elite players showed better (≈2%; p < 0.05) fatigue indexes in sprint time (0–30 m and 0–10 m sections), step length (0–10 m, 10–20 m, and 20–30 m sections), and step frequency (20–30 m section) during the RSA test, as well as greater values (>10%; p < 0.05) in the CMJ50 and FV50 tests. In addition, these RSA (sprint time, step frequency, and step length) and jumping (CMJ, CMJ50, and FV50) variables showed a moderate, significant, or very significant relationship with each other. Therefore, it seems that both strength and speed capacities can be used either in conjunction or as a complementary approach to enhance the overall RSA performance.

Diagnoses and Training Prescriptions of Isokinetic Knee Muscle Function in Collegiate Female Hockey Players -A Case Study of H/Q & L/R Ratios

Diagnoses and Training Prescriptions of Isokinetic Knee Muscle Function in Collegiate Female Hockey Players -A Case Study of H/Q & L/R Ratios

Assessment of aggression between male and female hockey players of Indore

Assessment of aggression between male and female hockey players of Indore

Factors that influence field hockey footwear selection: An online survey.

Little is known about factors that influence footwear selection by field hockey players. An online survey was used to collect data on participant demographics and physical characteristics, factors influencing footwear selection, perceptions regarding footwear design features on injury and performance, and experiences regarding usability. Nominal and ordinal data were described as absolute frequencies and relative frequencies. Free text responses were analysed using content analysis. Sex-related differences in quantitative and qualitative data were explored. A total of 401 hockey players completed the survey. Participants reported that fit, comfort, support, and cushioning were the most important factors when selecting hockey footwear. Most hockey players believed that stud design could influence athletic performance (65%) and injury risk (63%) but reported having no preference on outsole design or stud shape. Most participants (63%) used hockey-specific footwear, but 46% of female hockey players did not, with 40% using trail running footwear instead. Qualitative analysis revealed that hockey players, particularly female participants, encounter difficulties finding properly fitting footwear. They desire more options for wide or narrow feet and face challenges in accessing suitable hockey shoes due to limited choices and availability. With over a third of field hockey players not using hockey-specific footwear, future research should attempt to understand the reasons and assess the impact of different footwear features on comfort, performance, injury risk, and usability.

The Association of Countermovement Jump, Isometric Mid-Thigh Pull, and On-Ice Sprint Performance in University Level Female and Male Ice Hockey Athletes

On-ice skating sprint performance is a significant predictor and requirement for playing at the highest levels of hockey. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maximum and dynamic strength measures and on-ice sprint performance in university level ice hockey athletes. Both male (n=18) and female (n=13) hockey players participated in this study. The off-ice measures included two assessment procedures utilizing a force plate; an isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) to assess maximum strength and a countermovement jump (CMJ) to assess dynamic strength. Both off-ice measures were analyzed from both a relative (CMJr and IMTPr) and absolute (CMJa and IMTPa) perspective. The on-ice measures were 7.71m and 15.42m sprint times. Pearson product moment correlations were used to quantify the relationships between variables. CMJa (r = -0.56 to -0.61), IMTPa (r = -0.65 to -0.67) and IMTPr (r = -0.55) were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with on-ice sprint performance. When analyzed by sex, no significant relationships (p > 0.05) were observed between CMJ measures and on-ice sprint times. No significant relationships (p > 0.05) were observed between IMTP measures and on-ice sprint times when individually analyzing male participants, while significant relationships (p < 0.05) were observed in females between IMTPa (r = -0.70 to -0.71) and IMTPr (r = -0.68 to -0.71) and on-ice sprint times. It is concluded that both maximum and dynamic strength are important factors in on-ice sprint performance in hockey players. Furthermore, maximum strength seems to be an important characteristic in on-ice sprint ability in females.

The Effect of Situational Variables on Women’s Rink Hockey Match Outcomes

The main objective of the present study was to develop a concise predictive model to determine the likelihood of winning in female rink hockey based on various situational variables. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the individual impact of each predictor on match outcomes. The analysis encompassed a dataset of 840 matches during five consecutive seasons (from 2018–2019 to 2022–2023) in the Spanish first division (OkLiga). Employing the comprehensive method of all possible regressions, the most effective predictive logistic model for match outcomes was identified. This entire model featured five categorical predictor variables (match location, team level, opponent level, scoring first, and match status at halftime) and one binary outcome variable (match outcome). Subsequently, the final model, which exhibited a sensitivity and specificity surpassing 80% for a cut-off point of 0.439, emerged. This model was applied to predict winning a match in 18 frequent situations determined from a two-step cluster analysis. Within this predictive framework, match status at halftime emerged as the most influential predictor impacting the match outcome, followed by opponent level, team level, and match location. The implications of our findings extend to rink hockey coaches and practitioners. Recognizing the significant impact of situational variables on match outcomes empowers them to customize game plans and design more specific strategies, thereby enhancing game understanding and elevating the overall performance.

Effect of Six-Week Tabata Training Programme on Selected Motor Fitness Variables among University Level Female Hockey Players

Effect of Six-Week Tabata Training Programme on Selected Motor Fitness Variables among University Level Female Hockey Players

Implications of Countermovement Jump in Agility and Sprint Acceleration in Hockey Players

Background: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between the Kinematic parameter (Peak Velocity during Counter Movement Jump (CMJ)) with Agility Run and Short Sprint Acceleration Run. Material and Method: Total of 124 (66 males and 58 females) hockey trainees performed CMJ on Force Platform followed by 5-m short sprint acceleration and 6 m × 10 m shuttle run. Pearson’s correlation was calculated, and the level of significance was kept at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The correlation of peak velocity with short sprint acceleration run and agility run was found as r = −0.542 and r = −0.457, respectively, for all subjects, while male hockey trainees demonstrated the values of r = −0.794 and −0.699, whereas the female hockey trainees indicated the values of r = −0.632 and r = −0.575 with short sprint acceleration run and agility run, respectively. Conclusion: The present study concluded that peak velocity had a linear correlation with short sprint acceleration run as well as agility run. This could be a fruitful result for coaches as well as players to inculcate the vertical Jump regime in their training program so as to improve the performance of the players.

EVALUATION OF THE WOMEN'S INDOOR HOCKEY ATHLETE TRAINING PROGRAM AT PON XX PAPUA IN 2021

This research aims to determine: Context, input, process, products for female indoor hockey athletes at XX Papua PON 2021. The type of research is descriptive qualitative with a cyclical research design. The subjects in this research were 1) administrators; 2) trainer; 3) 10 athletes taking part in XX Papua PON 2021. The instruments used in this research were observation sheets and interviews. The research results obtained in this study obtained good results and all stages ran smoothly.

Similarities and differences in male and female First Nations hockey players’ experiences of moving away from their home communities to play elite hockey in the Canadian mainstream context

There is a dearth of research that has explored the differences and similarities in First Nations male and female hockey players’ experiences while playing elite hockey in the Canadian mainstream. I used tribal critical race theory, Indigenous feminisms, Indigenous methodologies, and interviews with 10 male and 10 female First Nations elite hockey players to understand the differences and similarities in their experiences of moving away from home to pursue hockey in the mainstream. I produced two main themes: the challenges that the athletes experienced, which included new languages, culture shock, and racism; and the benefits, which were athletic and personal growth and support from their home community. There were important differences between male and female participants, which included the males facing more violent and overt racism than the female players, and the female players needing to travel farther away from home due to a lack of opportunities to play hockey.

Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Function Capacities in K-College Female Hockey Players

Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Function Capacities in K-College Female Hockey Players

Time-loss Injuries among Female and Male Spanish Rink Hockey Players.

The present study describes the time-loss injuries among female and male athletes of the Spanish rink hockey league during the 2021/22 season.We performed a retrospective cohort study on time-loss injuries, whereby the athlete is prevented from participating in a training session or game because of the injury.A total of 463 athletes were included, with 326 (70.4%) senior male and 137 (29.6%) female. Two hundred and eighty-two time-loss injuries were recorded, the most common form being muscle injuries (112 episodes, 39.7%), especially those affecting the hip adductor muscles (52 episodes, 46.4% of muscle injuries). Most injuries were classified as mild (1-7 days of time-loss) and the median return-to-play was 9.5 days (range 1-180).Injury patterns were compared according to gender, position and moment: the results showed significant differences between senior males and females, between field players and goalkeepers, as well as between training and game, in terms of injury nature and type. The injury incidence proportion was significantly higher for field players compared to goalkeepers), and senior males had a significantly higher risk than senior females.The present study provides a starting point for studying and preventing injuries in rink hockey athletes.

Mechanical Determinants of Sprinting and Change of Direction in Elite Female Field Hockey Players.

Profile determination in field hockey is critical to determining athletes' physical strengths and weaknesses, and is key in planning, programming, and monitoring training. This study pursued two primary objectives: (i) to provide descriptive data on sprinting, deceleration, and change of direction (COD) abilities and (ii) to elucidate the mechanical variables that influence sprint and COD performance in elite female field hockey players. Using radar and time-gate technology, we assessed performance and mechanical data from 30 m sprinting, deceleration, and COD tests for 26 elite female hockey players. A machine learning approach identified mechanical variables related to sprint and COD performance. Our findings offer a framework for athlete categorization and the design of performance-enhancing training strategies at the international level. Two pivotal mechanical variables-relative maximum horizontal force (F0) and maximum velocity (Vmax)-predominantly influence the times across all tested distances. However, the force-velocity profile (FVP) and horizontal deceleration do not influence the variance in the COD test outcomes. These insights can guide the design, adjustment, and monitoring of training programs, assisting coaches in decision making to optimize performance and mitigate injury risks for female hockey players.

Visualization and victory: A study of sports imagery abilities among female hockey players at state and national levels in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh

Visualization and victory: A study of sports imagery abilities among female hockey players at state and national levels in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh

Injuries and Overuse Syndromes in Rink Hockey Players.

Rink Hockey is a high-speed low-contact sport with a widely recognized injury potential. Played with a hard ball by players wearing little or no protective gear, the rates of concussions and head injuries are of high interest. In this study, we reviewed and investigated injuries sustained by 108 German National League rink hockey players. We conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study to determine sport-specific injuries and injury patterns in female and male rink hockey players. Data were collected by a standardized questionnaire. A total of 108 players participated in the study. The combined rate of injuries were 9.4/1000 athlete exposures. There was no significant difference between injury rates during games and practice. A sexspecific difference was not detected. Head injuries were the most frequent type (20.8 % of all injuries). Concussions made up 7 % of all head injuries with a rate of 0.76/1000 athlete exposure. Ball contact was the cause for 31 % of injuries, while player contact generated 26.2 % of all injuries. High rates of ball-contact-related injuries resulted in time loss and medical consultations. Head injuries were frequent, however did not result in significant time loss as compared to other injuries. The use of protective gear should be recommended.

Analisis kondisi vo2max pemain hoki indoor putri Gresik dalam menunjang keberhasilan meraih medali emas

The VO₂Max condition of the Gresik women's indoor hockey players should be fulfilled. Since VO₂Max includes a baseline that represents general fitness which is good condition VO₂Max it can be assumed other physical endurance will follow. The purpose of this study was to find out the level of aerobic endurance (VO₂Max) possessed by Gresik women's indoor hockey players in supporting the success of winning a gold medal at Situbondo in 2022. Quantitative descriptive was used in this research method with 12 research subjects. The multi-stage fitness test (MFT) was used as an instrument in this study. The results of the analysis of aerobic endurance (VO₂Max) data from female indoor hockey players in the category "very poor" 0.00% (0 players), "less" 0.00% (0 players), "enough" 0.00% (0 players), “good” 50.00% (6 players), “very good” 41.70% (5 players) and “excellent” 8.30% (1 player). The average of this data analysis was 39.34. Based on these results, the level of aerobic endurance (VO₂Max) of Gresik women's indoor hockey players was in the “very good” category. It can be concluded that to meet good VO₂Max conditions, the results of this study can be used as a benchmark for other hockey teams when preparing for matches.

Prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of German first and lower leagues.

While several studies on mental health of elite athletes were published in recent years, few compared the prevalence with the general population and none included field hockey players. To analyze the prevalence of symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety disorder in field hockey players of different skill levels and to compare it to the general population. Male and female hockey players from different leagues were asked to answer questions on player characteristics, the Centre of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7). One hundred and eighty-seven players (incl. 54 first and 28 second league players) participated in the study (response rate 97.4%). More than a third (n = 64; 35.0%) reported to be affected by an injury/health complaint, but 157 (86.3%) were able to train and play without limitations. The CES-D score indicated depression symptoms in more female (n = 15; 18.3%) than male (n = 5; 4.8%) players (χ2=8.8; p < 0.01). No male and one female player had symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. Players who played 60 or more matches in the previous 12 months had on average significantly higher depression (t = 2.3; p < 0.05) and generalized anxiety scores (t = 4.2; p < 0.001) than players who played fewer matches. The prevalence of depression and of generalized anxiety symptoms was similar to or lower than in the general population. Although 20 (10.7%) players had depression symptoms, only 4 (2.2%) received psychological counseling or psychotherapy. It is recommended to provide routine screening of mental health problems and low-threshold access to adequate treatment for elite athletes.

Assessing athlete leadership and cohesion using a social network analysis approach.

The study of athlete leadership has gained momentum over the past 15 years and is recognized as a vital component of team performance. Specifically, athlete leadership has been most studied with regards to its impact on the outcome of cohesion. As a result, a current gap in this area of research is the analysis of attribute data, such as tenure and self-reported athlete leadership, and how this attribute data is related to outcomes, such as cohesion. However, much of current research examining this relationship has utilized traditional statistical methods, limiting interpretation of data because team members are inherently interdependent. One approach that considers the interdependence of team members is social network analysis (SNA). SNA facilitates the study of social structures within networks of people, such as a sports team, as well as individual attributes influencing or being influenced by the network. The present study used SNA to examine athlete leadership and cohesion within a sports team of 22 female professional hockey players. Participants self-reported tenure, completed a self-rated athlete leadership questionnaire, and rated each of their team members on network variables of athlete leadership and cohesion. The results showed that high network density and low degree centralization was found for both athlete leadership and cohesion networks, with high indegree centralities for each team member. Further, a strong correlation was found between the athlete leadership and cohesion networks (p < 0.001), indicating a positive relationship between the athlete leadership ties and the cohesion ties. Lastly, significant correlations were found between self-rated athlete leadership and the networks of athlete leadership and cohesion. Together these data suggest that a cohesive team shares leadership responsibilities with many ties between teammates.

Effect Of Selected Supine And Prone Lying asanas On leg Strength Of Female Hockey Players

Yoga is important Bringing harmony between the mind and body is the goal of a very subtle science that is grounded in spiritual discipline.Prone and Supine postures are doing while sleeping on the stomach and back. The position of all Prone and Supine postures is Makarasana, Naukasana, alabhasanas, SaralBhujangasana, ArdhaDhanurasana, Savasana, Saralbhujangasana, Dhanurasana, ParsvaDhanurasana, Uttanapadasana, Vipareetakarani, Halasana, Matsyasana, Sarvangasana etc. The hockey players suffer from injuries which is associated with hockey like, hip and legs, &amp; basically the majority of lower extremities. In this study the researcher aims to investigate the leg strength of the female hockey players through prone and supine lying asanas. To attain the present study 70 female Hockey Players were selected in which they were split into two groups: Control and Experimental, the experimental a group of trained with 12 weeks of prone and supine lying asanas and control group were on their usual practice. The researcher felt it worthwhile to conduct and see the results of its impact. The study resulted significant effect on leg strength of experimental group with 0.05 level of significance. Keywords: Makarasana, Naukasana, Salabhasanas, Saral Bhujangasana, Ardha Dhanurasana, Savasana, Saral bhuj angasana, Dhanurasana, Parsva Dhanurasana, Uttanapa dasana, Vipareetakarani, Halasana, Matsyasana, SarvangasanaProne, Lowerextremities, Leg Strength

Effect Of Selected Prone And Supine asanas On back strength Of Female Hockey Players

Yoga is important Bringing harmony between the mind and body is the goal of a very subtle science that is grounded in spiritual discipline. Prone and Supine postures are doing while sleeping on the stomach and back. The position of all Prone and Supine postures is Makarasana, Naukasana, Salabhasanas, Marjariasana, Saral Bhujangasana, Ardha Dhanurasana, Savasana, Saral bhujangasana, Dhanurasana, Parsva Dhanurasana, Uttanapadasana, Vipareetakarani, Halasana, Matsyasana, Sarvangasana etc. The hockey players suffer from injuries which is associated with hockey like, hip and legs, &amp; basically, most lower extremities. In this study the researcher aims to investigate the Back strength of the female hockey players through prone and supine lying asanas. Seventy female hockey players were chosen for this study and randomly assigned to one of two groups: the control group continued with their regular training, and the experimental group participated in 12 weeks of prone and supine lying asana training. The researcher felt it worthwhile to conduct and see the results of its impact. The study resulted significant effect on Back strength of experimental group with 0.05 level of significance. Keywords: Makarasana, Naukasana, Salabhasanas, Saral Bhujangasana, Ardha Dhanurasana, Savasana, Saralbhujangasana, Dhanurasana, Parsva Dhanurasana, Uttanapadasana, Vipareetakarani, Halasana, Matsyasana, Sarvangasana Prone, Lower Back, Hip, Back Strength.