Female Breast Cancer Incidence Rates Research Articles

Benign Breast Disease and Breast Cancer Risk in the Percutaneous Biopsy Era

Benign breast disease (BBD) comprises approximately 75% of breast biopsy diagnoses. Surgical biopsy specimens diagnosed as nonproliferative (NP), proliferative disease without atypia (PDWA), or atypical hyperplasia (AH) are associated with increasing breast cancer (BC) risk; however, knowledge is limited on risk associated with percutaneously diagnosed BBD. To estimate BC risk associated with BBD in the percutaneous biopsy era irrespective of surgical biopsy. In this retrospective cohort study, BBD biopsy specimens collected from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2013, from patients with BBD at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, were reviewed by 2 pathologists masked to outcomes. Women were followed up from 6 months after biopsy until censoring, BC diagnosis, or December 31, 2021. Benign breast disease classification and multiplicity by pathology panel review. The main outcome was diagnosis of BC overall and stratified as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) or invasive BC. Risk for presence vs absence of BBD lesions was assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression. Risk in patients with BBD compared with female breast cancer incidence rates from the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were estimated. Among 4819 female participants, median age was 51 years (IQR, 43-62 years). Median follow-up was 10.9 years (IQR, 7.7-14.2 years) for control individuals without BC vs 6.6 years (IQR, 3.7-10.1 years) for patients with BC. Risk was higher in the cohort with BBD than in SEER data: BC overall (standard incidence ratio [SIR], 1.95; 95% CI, 1.76-2.17), invasive BC (SIR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.37-1.78), and DCIS (SIR, 3.10; 95% CI, 2.54-3.77). The SIRs increased with increasing BBD severity (1.42 [95% CI, 1.19-1.71] for NP, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.88-2.54] for PDWA, and 3.91 [95% CI, 2.97-5.14] for AH), comparable to surgical cohorts with BBD. Risk also increased with increasing lesion multiplicity (SIR: 2.40 [95% CI, 2.06-2.79] for ≥3 foci of NP, 3.72 [95% CI, 2.31-5.99] for ≥3 foci of PDWA, and 5.29 [95% CI, 3.37-8.29] for ≥3 foci of AH). Ten-year BC cumulative incidence was 4.3% for NP, 6.6% for PDWA, and 14.6% for AH vs an expected population cumulative incidence of 2.9%. In this contemporary cohort study of women diagnosed with BBD in the percutaneous biopsy era, overall risk of BC was increased vs the general population (DCIS and invasive cancer combined), similar to that in historical BBD cohorts. Development and validation of pathologic classifications including both BBD severity and multiplicity may enable improved BC risk stratification.

Breast cancer: Global patterns of incidence, mortality, and trends.

10528 Background: The global burden of cancer incidence and mortality including that of female breast cancer continues to increase largely because of the growth and aging of the population and adoption of western lifestyle behaviors that increase cancer risk. In this study, we summarize the current burden, trends, and survivorship of female breast cancer that account for nearly 12% of the cancer burden worldwide. Methods: Estimates of incidence and mortality in the year 2020 were obtained from Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) database. GLOBOCAN provides country-specific estimates of cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence for 185 countries or territories and 36 cancer types by age group and sex. For US rates, data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were assessed. Rates are age-standardized (ASRs) (per 100,000 person-years) using the 1966 Segi-Doll World Standard Population. Geographic variability was assessed using 20 predefined world regions, and the 4-tier Human Development Index (HDI). Finally, we provide a prediction of the future burden of female breast cancer in 2040 based on demographic projections. Results: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide, with an estimated 2.3 million new cancer cases (1 in 4 new cancer cases) and 685,000 cancer deaths (1 in 6 deaths) in 2020. Breast cancer incidence rates varied by nearly 4-fold across WHO areas. The highest incidence rates (per 100,000) were found in Australia/New Zealand (95.5), Western Europe (90.7), and Northern America (89.4), while the lowest rates were in South-Central Asia (26.2), Middle and Eastern Africa (33), and Central America (39.5). In contrast, the highest breast cancer mortality rates were recorded in Melanesia (37.5), Polynesia and Western Africa (22.3), and the Caribbean (18.9), while the lowest rates were found in Eastern Asia (9.8), Central America (10.4), and Australia/New Zealand (12.1), a 2.8-fold difference. In the United States, the age-standardized breast cancer incidence rate (per 100,000) increased from 106 (1975) to 142 (1999), decreased to 128 (2004), and then slowly increased to 137 (per 100,000) in 2019. Similar broad temporal trend patterns were observed in other western countries. Incidence rates are rising in South America, Africa, and Asia where rates were historically low. Worldwide, an estimated 2,964,197 new female breast cancer cases are projected to occur in 2040, a 31% increase from the corresponding 2,260,127 cases in 2020. Conclusions: There is significant variation in female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Breast cancer incidence is increasing at different rates in various regions of the world. Mortality rates in many high HDI countries have been on the decline, in contrast to increasing rates in low HDI countries. This study also shows a substantial increase in new breast cancer diagnoses over the next two decades.

Urban-Rural Disparity in Birth Cohort Effects on Breast Cancer Incidence.

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Studies have reported minimal birth cohort effects on the incidence rates of breast cancer in Western countries but have reported notable birth cohort effects in some Asian countries. The risks of breast cancer may also vary within a country. In the present study, we abstracted female invasive breast cancer data from the Taiwan Cancer Registry for the period 1997-2016. We used the age-period-cohort model to compare birth cohort effects on breast cancer incidence rates between urban and rural regions in Taiwan. We identified a notable urban-rural disparity in birth cohort effects on breast cancer incidence rates in women in Taiwan. The incidence rates in the urban regions were higher than those in the rural regions across all cohorts. However, the incidence rates rose faster in the rural regions than in the urban regions across the cohorts. The risks of breast cancer observed for women born in 1992 were approximately 22 and 11 times than those observed for women born in 1917 in rural and urban regions, respectively. The observed gap in breast cancer incidence rates between the urban and rural regions gradually disappeared across the cohorts. Accordingly, we speculate that urbanization and westernization in Taiwan may be the drivers of female breast cancer incidence rates across birth cohorts.

Trends in Incidence Rates, Mortality Rates, and Age-Period-Cohort Effects of Female Breast Cancer - China, 2003-2017.

This study reported the trends in female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates in China, and analyzed the corresponding age-period-cohort effects. Data from 22 population-based cancer registries in China between 2003 and 2017 were analyzed. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and mortality rates (ASMR) were calculated using Segi's world standard population. Joinpoint regression was employed to evaluate trends, and age-period-cohort effects were examined using the intrinsic estimator method. The ASIR for female breast cancer exhibited a more rapid increase in rural areas compared to urban areas across all age groups. The most substantial increase was observed in the 20-34 age group in rural areas [annual percent change (APC)=9.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 7.0%-11.0%, P<0.001]. The ASMR for females under 50 years old remained stable from 2003 to 2017 in both urban and rural areas. However, the ASMR for females over 50 in rural areas and those over 65 in urban areas demonstrated a significant increase, with the most pronounced increase observed among females over 65 in rural areas (APC=4.9%, 95% CI: 2.8%-7.0%, P<0.001). Age-period-cohort analysis revealed increasing period effects and decreasing cohort effects for female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates in both urban and rural settings. Notably, the cohort effect for incidence displayed a slight upward trend for females born between 1983 and 1992 in rural areas. Our study revealed a rapid increase in breast cancer incidence among younger generations and an accelerated mortality rate in older populations residing in rural areas. To effectively address the growing burden of female breast cancer in China, it is essential to develop and implement targeted intervention strategies.

Mapping of Female Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates to Socioeconomic Factors Cohort: Path Diagram Analysis.

ObjectivesBreast cancer is the leading cause of death in women around the world. Its occurrence and development have been linked to genetic factors, living habits, health conditions, and socioeconomic factors. Comparisons of incidence and mortality rates of female breast cancer are useful approaches to define cancer-related socioeconomic disparities.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study on breast cancer of women in several developed countries over 30 years. Effects of socioeconomic factors were analyzed using a path diagram method.ResultsWe found a positive, significant association of public wealth on incidence and mortality of breast cancer, and the path coefficients in the structural equations are −0.51 and −0.39, respectively. The unemployment rate (UR) is critical and the path coefficients are all 0.2. The path coefficients of individual economic wealth to the rates of breast cancer are 0.18 and 0.27, respectively.ConclusionThe influence of social pressure on the incidence and mortality of breast cancer was not typical monotonous. The survival rate of breast cancer determined by the ratio of mortality rate to incidence rate showed a similar pattern with socioeconomic factors.

PROFICIENT STRIDES AND INHERENT LIMITATIONS IN CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGY OF BREAST MASS

Breast masses might be a mass discovered by patients incidentally during breast self-examination or else by the physician during routine physical examination. These masses have a variable etiology and nature. while, Fibroadenoma considered the most common benign breast mass, contrary, invasive ductal carcinoma is the most common malignancy [1]. Although, the vast majority of these masses are benign, still breast cancer is the furthermost frequently resulting malignancy in females worldwide having an age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of 39.0 per 100,000 females, and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women [2-4]. In spite of most breast cancers occur in women older than 50 years, one third of women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1996 and 2000 were younger than 50 years [5,6]. Contempt of medical advances and assuring treatment regime, morbidity and mortality due to breast cancer has seen no signicant changes in developing countries. In the US in 2020, estimations reach 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer in women ,and an additional 48,530 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in women [7]. Also, an estimated mortality of 42,170 female patients with breast cancer will occur in 2020. Invasive female breast cancer incidence rates trends increased slightly, by 0.3% per year [2,6,8]. This might probably be due to lack of systematic screening and early detection

Primary and Preventive Care of Women

Women’s health can be defined as diseases or conditions that are unique to women or that involve gender differences that are particularly important to women. This definition acknowledges the increasing scientific evidence supporting a focus on sex and gender and expands the concept of women’s health beyond the traditional focus on reproductive organs and their function. Over time, the definition has come to include an appreciation of wellness and prevention, the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of women’s health, the diversity of women and their health needs over the life span, and the central role of women as patients and as active participants in their health care. This broader interdisciplinary perspective has important implications for clinicians providing care to women. In addition to understanding basic female physiology and reproductive biology, clinicians need to appreciate the complex interaction between the environment and the biology and psychosocial development of women. When dealing with conditions that are not specific to women, clinicians need to be aware of those aspects of disease that are different in women or have important gender implications. The ability to apply this information requires that clinicians adopt attitudes and behavior that are culturally and gender sensitive. Figures visualize female life expectancy, age-adjusted death rates, female breast cancer incidence and death rates, trends in female cigarette smoking, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for preventive primary care in women. This review contains 5 figures, 6 tables and 56 references.

Primary and Preventive Care of Women

Women’s health can be defined as diseases or conditions that are unique to women or that involve gender differences that are particularly important to women. This definition acknowledges the increasing scientific evidence supporting a focus on sex and gender and expands the concept of women’s health beyond the traditional focus on reproductive organs and their function. Over time, the definition has come to include an appreciation of wellness and prevention, the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of women’s health, the diversity of women and their health needs over the life span, and the central role of women as patients and as active participants in their health care. This broader interdisciplinary perspective has important implications for clinicians providing care to women. In addition to understanding basic female physiology and reproductive biology, clinicians need to appreciate the complex interaction between the environment and the biology and psychosocial development of women. When dealing with conditions that are not specific to women, clinicians need to be aware of those aspects of disease that are different in women or have important gender implications. The ability to apply this information requires that clinicians adopt attitudes and behavior that are culturally and gender sensitive. Figures visualize female life expectancy, age-adjusted death rates, female breast cancer incidence and death rates, trends in female cigarette smoking, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for preventive primary care in women. This review contains 5 figures, 6 tables and 56 references.

Primary and Preventive Care of Women

Women’s health can be defined as diseases or conditions that are unique to women or that involve gender differences that are particularly important to women. This definition acknowledges the increasing scientific evidence supporting a focus on sex and gender and expands the concept of women’s health beyond the traditional focus on reproductive organs and their function. Over time, the definition has come to include an appreciation of wellness and prevention, the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of women’s health, the diversity of women and their health needs over the life span, and the central role of women as patients and as active participants in their health care. This broader interdisciplinary perspective has important implications for clinicians providing care to women. In addition to understanding basic female physiology and reproductive biology, clinicians need to appreciate the complex interaction between the environment and the biology and psychosocial development of women. When dealing with conditions that are not specific to women, clinicians need to be aware of those aspects of disease that are different in women or have important gender implications. The ability to apply this information requires that clinicians adopt attitudes and behavior that are culturally and gender sensitive. Figures visualize female life expectancy, age-adjusted death rates, female breast cancer incidence and death rates, trends in female cigarette smoking, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for preventive primary care in women. This review contains 5 figures, 6 tables and 56 references.

Identifying county-level factors for female breast cancer incidence rate through a large-scale population study

Female breast cancer (FBC) incidence rate (IR) varies greatly across counties in the United States (US). Factors contributing to these geographic disparities have not been fully understood at the population level. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the county-level FBC IR and a diverse set of variables in demographics, socioeconomics, life style, health care accessibility, and environment. Our study included 1277 counties in the US where the female population was 10,000 or above for at least one race/ethnicity. After controlling for the racial/ethnic and other significant factors, percent of husband-wife family households (pHWFH) for a racial/ethnic group in a county is negatively associated with FBC IR (p < 0.001). A 10% increase in married family households may lower a county's IR by 5.2 cases per 100,000 females per year. We also found that PM2.5 (fine inhalable particles with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less) is positively associated with FBC IR (p < 0.001). Counties with the highest level of PM2.5 have approximately 4 additional FBC new cases per 100,000 females per year than counties with the lowest level of PM2.5. Furthermore, we found that the county-level factors contributing to FBC IR vary significantly for different racial groups using race-specific models. While confirming most of the previously known patient- and neighborhood-level risk factors (such as race/ethnicity, income, and health care accessibility), our study identified two significant county-level factors contributing to the spatial disparity of FBC IR across the US. The newly-identified beneficial factor (marriage) and risk factor (PM2.5), together with the verified known factors, may help provide insights to officials of health departments/organizations for them to make decisions on cancer intervention strategies.

DDT exposure in early childhood and female breast cancer: Evidence from an ecological study in Taiwan

Researchers still lack consensus on the association between exposure to DDT and the risk of breast cancer. One reason could be that the measurements of DDT obtained during or near the time of diagnosis may not reflect exposure during the etiologically relevant time period in a woman's life. This study undertook an ecological analysis to investigate whether exposure to DDT among cohort born between 1951 and 1959 (i.e. age 0–5 years) and who reached the age 50–54 years during 2001–2013 had an increased risk of breast cancer in adulthood. To do this, we used the number of DDT sprays in each township during the anti-malaria campaign in Taiwan in the 1950s as a proxy for direct DDT exposure. The DDT sprays were then linked to the township female breast cancer incidence rate in the 2000s when the birth cohorts had reached age 50–54 years. Insurance claims data were used to identify breast cancer cases during 1996–2013. Zero-Inflated Poisson regression was performed to estimate the effect of DDT sprays on the breast cancer incidence rate. The analysis was based on a total of 9 birth cohorts (1951–1959) in 349 townships who had lived at least up to age 50. On average, one DDT spray experienced during age 0–5 years was associated with an increase of 8 more female breast cancer cases per 100,000 during age 50–54. The effect appears to increase with the number of sprays. Our finding suggests that DDT exposure in early childhood could raise the risk of breast cancer in adulthood.

Primary and Preventive Care of Women

Women’s health can be defined as diseases or conditions that are unique to women or that involve gender differences that are particularly important to women. This definition acknowledges the increasing scientific evidence supporting a focus on sex and gender and expands the concept of women’s health beyond the traditional focus on reproductive organs and their function. Over time, the definition has come to include an appreciation of wellness and prevention, the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of women’s health, the diversity of women and their health needs over the life span, and the central role of women as patients and as active participants in their health care. This broader interdisciplinary perspective has important implications for clinicians providing care to women. In addition to understanding basic female physiology and reproductive biology, clinicians need to appreciate the complex interaction between the environment and the biology and psychosocial development of women. When dealing with conditions that are not specific to women, clinicians need to be aware of those aspects of disease that are different in women or have important gender implications. The ability to apply this information requires that clinicians adopt attitudes and behavior that are culturally and gender sensitive. Figures visualize female life expectancy, age-adjusted death rates, female breast cancer incidence and death rates, trends in female cigarette smoking, and the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for preventive primary care in women. This chapter contains 5 highly rendered figures, 52 references, 5 MCQs, and 1 teaching slide set.

Incidence trend and change in the age distribution of female breast cancer in cancer registration areas of China from 2000 to 2014

Objective: To estimate the incidence trend and change in the age distribution of female breast cancer in cancer registry areas in China from 2000 to 2014. Methods: 22 cancer registries in China with continuous monitoring data from 2000 to 2014 were selected. All datasets were checked and evaluated based on data quality control criteria and were included in the analysis. The cancer registries covered 675 954 193 person-years, including 342 010 930 person-years of male and 333 943 263 person-years of female. Female breast cancer cases (International Classification of Diseases-10(th) Revision: C50) were extracted. Crude incidence rate (CR), age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASIRC), annual percent change (APC), crude and adjusted mean age at onset were calculated. Incidence rates stratified by regions and age groups were calculated. Results: Female breast cancer incidence rate significantly increased from 31.90/100 000 in 2000 to 63.30/100 000 in 2014. Incidence rate increased rapidly from 2000 to 2008 (CR: APC=6.5%, 95%CI: 5.3%-7.8%; ASIRC: APC=4.6%, 95%CI: 3.6%-5.7%). Its increment slowed down from 2008-2014 (CR: APC=3.2%, 95%CI: 1.4%-5.1%; ASIRC: APC=1.4%, 95%CI:-0.1%-2.9%). The crude mean age at onset increased from 54.4 in 2000 to 57.0 in 2014. Adjusted mean age at onset remained around 54.3 in 2014. Crude mean age at onset increased significantly over time in all registry areas (β=0.192, P<0.001), urban (β=0.205, P<0.001) and rural (β=0.092, P=0.014) areas, while adjusted mean age at onset remained stable in all registry areas (β=0.009, P=0.289), urban (β=0.017, P=0.139) and rural (β=-0.054, P=0.109) areas. Conclusion: Female breast cancer incidence rate in China increased from 2000 to 2014. Aging of the population resulted in a significant increase in crude mean age at onset. After age adjustment, no significant changes in age distribution were found.

Estimated and Interactively Visualized Female Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in Missouri Senate Districts: 2008-2012.

ObjectivesTo measure and interactively visualize female breast cancer (FBC) incidence rates in Missouri by age, race, stage and grade, and senate district of residence at diagnosis from 2008 to 2012.MethodsAn observational epidemiological study. The FBC cases in counties split by senate districts were geocoded. Population database was created. A database was created within SEER*Stat. The incidence rates and the 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were age standardized using US 2000 Standard Population. The Census Bureau’s Cartographic Boundary Files were used to create maps showing Missouri senate districts. Incidence results were loaded along with the maps into InstantAtlas™ software to produce interactive reports.ResultsCancer profiles were created for all 34 Missouri senate districts. An area profile and a double map that included interactive maps, graphs, and tables for the 34 Missouri senate districts were built.ConclusionThe results may provide an estimation of social inequality within the state and could provide clues about the impact of level of coverage and accessibility to screening and health care services on disease prevention and early diagnosis.

Urban rural disparity in female breast cancer incidence rate in China and the increasing trend in parallel with socioeconomic development and urbanization in a rural setting.

BackgroundWorldwide breast cancer incidence correlates with socioeconomic status and increases in parallel with westernization, however urban–rural disparity and trends have not been adequately investigated in China.MethodsThe age standardized rate (ASR) of female breast cancer by population‐based cancer registration was compared between urban Shijiazhuang city and rural Shexian County in relation to socioeconomic status. The increasing trend of breast cancer in Shexian County from 2000–2015 was examined using Joinpoint analysis and the correlation with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita was analyzed.ResultsIn 2012, the ASR of female breast cancer in Shijiazhuang was more than three times higher than in Shexian County (45.5/1 00 000 vs.13.8/1 00 000; P < 0.01) when the GDP per capita was 2.6 times higher (US$6964.80 vs. US$2700). In parallel with rapid socioeconomic development and urbanization, the biennial ASR of female breast cancer in Shexian county has increased significantly from 2.8/1 00 000 in 2000–2001 to 17.3/1 00 000 in 2014–2015, with an average biennial percent change of +10.2% (P < 0.01). The Pearson correlation between ASR and GDP was significantly positive (r = 0.94, P < 0.01).ConclusionThe incidence of breast cancer in women in China is increasing along with lifestyle westernization and changing reproductive patterns associated with socioeconomic development and urbanization. Urgent prevention measures, including the development of a healthy diet, giving birth at a younger age, an increase in breastfeeding, limiting menopause estrogen therapy, and control of alcohol consumption, are required.

Abstract B73: Trends in racial disparities in cancer incidence among white and black older adults in the United States

Abstract Background: As cancer occurs more commonly in older adults (≥65 years), the aging of the U.S. population is expected to markedly increase the number of cancer diagnoses. Despite this increase, older adults are an understudied cancer patient population. Few studies have reported trends in cancer incidence rates among older adults in the U.S., however, none have examined trends in racial disparities in cancer incidence in this population. Purpose of the study: To examine potential racial disparities in cancer incidence over time among older adults using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute. Methods: Cases of female breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung and bronchus cancer were reported to one of 18 SEER registries. Differences in cancer incidence rates by race and changes in these differences over time were examined for cases aged ≥65 years diagnosed 1973-2013. Results: From 1973-2013, lung and bronchus and female breast cancer incidence rates increased while colorectal cancer incidence rates decreased among older adults. Prostate cancer incidence rates increased between 1973 and the mid-nineties and then decreased until 2013 among older adults. Among older women diagnosed with breast cancer, white women had higher incidence rates than black women; however, the percent difference in rates decreased from 23.4% in 1973-1977 to 6.3% in 2008-2013. For prostate cancer, black older men had higher prostate cancer incidence rates than white men from 1973-2013. The percent difference in prostate cancer incidence rates between white and black older men remained relatively large over time, from 45.9% in 1973-1977 to 50.1% in 2008-2013. From 1973-1992, white older adults had higher colorectal incidence rates than black older adults. Notably, beginning in 1993, the colorectal cancer incidence rates among black older adults surpassed those of white older adults. The percent difference in the colorectal cancer incidence rates between white and black older men increased from 4.3% in 1993-1997 to 18.1% in 2008-2013. Lastly, from 1973-2013, black older adults had higher lung and bronchus cancer incidence rates than white older adults. The percentage difference for the rates between white and black older adults decreased from 11.9% in 1973-1977 to 8.5% in 2008-2013. Conclusion: There are considerable racial disparities in cancer incidence rates in the U.S. among older adults. Continued efforts involving cancer prevention are needed to reduce these disparities. Citation Format: Jessica L. Krok-Schoen, James L. Fisher, Ryan D. Baltic, Electra D. Paskett. Trends in racial disparities in cancer incidence among white and black older adults in the United States. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Ninth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2016 Sep 25-28; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017;26(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B73.

Breast cancer incidence and death increasing in less-developed countries.

CancerVolume 122, Issue 3 p. 339-339 CancerScopeFree Access Breast cancer incidence and death increasing in less-developed countries First published: 22 January 2016 https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.29881Citations: 3AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Although breast cancer death rates are declining in most high-income countries, they are on the rise, along with incidence rates, in several low-income and middleincome countries, according to a study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention.1 The findings come from a new report on global patterns and trends in breast cancer led by Carol DeSantis, MPH, a senior epidemiologist for the American Cancer Society. She and her colleagues used data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization to examine international trends in incidence and death rates from 39 countries and 57 countries, respectively. The researchers learned that breast cancer incidence rates are increasing in the majority of countries, including those with historically higher rates of the disease. The rates also are increasing in regions with historically lower incidence rates, including Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Rates are stable in North America and Oceania and have declined in 4 European countries and Israel. In contrast, breast cancer death rates have declined in most countries. The most rapid declines occurred in high-income countries as a result of improved breast cancer treatment and early detection through mammography. Nevertheless, the study found that death rates have increased in 10 countries, primarily economically transitioning nations in Central and South America; these include Colombia, Ecuador, Japan, Brazil, Egypt, Guatemala, Kuwait, Mauritius, Mexico, and Moldova. The authors say the rise may be related to an increase in risk factors associated with economic development and urbanization: obesity, adaptation of a Western-type diet, physical inactivity, delayed childbearing, having fewer children, earlier age at menarche, and shorter duration of breastfeeding. The authors note the need for greater awareness concerning the disease and the benefits of early detection, along with improved access to treatment, particularly in economically transitioning countries. References 1 DeSantis CE, Bray F, Ferlay J, Lortet-Tieulent J, Anderson BO, Jemal A. International variation in female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2015; 24: 1495– 1506. Citing Literature Volume122, Issue3February 1, 2016Pages 339-339 This article also appears in:CancerScope Archive 2014-2019 ReferencesRelatedInformation

International Variation in Female Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Herein, we examine global trends in female breast cancer rates using the most up-to-date data available. Breast cancer incidence and mortality estimates were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2012 (globocan.iarc.fr). We analyzed trends from 1993 onward using incidence data from 39 countries from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and mortality data from 57 countries from the World Health Organization. Of 32 countries with incidence and mortality data, rates in the recent period diverged-with incidence increasing and mortality decreasing-in nine countries mainly in Northern/Western Europe. Both incidence and mortality decreased in France, Israel, Italy, Norway, and Spain. In contrast, incidence and death rates both increased in Colombia, Ecuador, and Japan. Death rates also increased in Brazil, Egypt, Guatemala, Kuwait, Mauritius, Mexico, and Moldova. Breast cancer mortality rates are decreasing in most high-income countries, despite increasing or stable incidence rates. In contrast and of concern are the increasing incidence and mortality rates in a number of countries, particularly those undergoing rapid changes in human development. Wide variations in breast cancer rates and trends reflect differences in patterns of risk factors and access to and availability of early detection and timely treatment. Increased awareness about breast cancer and the benefits of early detection and improved access to treatment must be prioritized to successfully implement breast cancer control programs, particularly in transitioning countries.

Female breast cancer incidence and mortality in 2011, China.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosis in women. During the past 30 years, mortality of breast cancer in Chinese women showing a gradual upward trend, it has become the crucial death reasons of female. In 2014, there were 234 population-based cancer registries submitting their data of 2011 to the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR) of China and 177 cancer registries' data were selected after quality evaluation. The selected cancer registries were classified as urban areas and rural areas, in each level. The crude incidence and mortality rates of female breast cancer were calculated by age-groups. Age-standardized rates were described by China and World standard population. And the national population data of China was used to combine with the cancer registries' data to estimate the female breast cancer burden in 2011 in China. The estimated number of female breast cancer cases was 248,620. The crude incidence rate, age-standardized rate by China and World population were 37.86 per 100,000, 28.51 per 100,000 and 26.65 per 100,000, respectively. The estimated number of female breast cancer death in 2011 of China was about 60,473. The crude, age-standardized mortalities by China population and World population were 9.21 per 100,000, 6.57 per 100,000 and 6.38 per 100,000, respectively. The incidence and mortality rates were both higher in urban areas than rural areas. Trend of age-specific incidence rates in urban and rural was similar, reaching peak at 55-59 years old. The trend of age-specific mortality rates was very similar before 60 between urban and rural areas, but after that, the urban areas curve was rapidly mounting as the age growing and much higher than rural. Breast cancer is still a major health burden for Chinese women especially in urban areas. Prevention strategies such as weight control, high-quality screening, diagnosis and treatment may help control the disease.

Abstract B33: Female breast cancer in New England: Incidence, mortality, and prevention trends with attention to potential cancer racial/ethnic differences

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is estimated to be the first leading cancer type in incidence and the second leading cancer type in mortality in women in 2011 in the United States (US). In addition to the clinical breast exam, an annual mammogram is recommended as a breast cancer screening test. Cancer racial/ethnic disparities are defined as differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of cancer and related adverse health conditions that exist among specific racial/ethnic population groups in the US. The objectives of this study are: 1) to describe female breast cancer incidence, mortality, and mammogram use annual trends in New England; and 2) to evaluate potential female breast cancer racial/ethnic disparities in New England. Methods: Age-adjusted invasive breast cancer incidence rates in women were collected for 2004-2008 from the North American Association of Cancer Registries. Age-adjusted breast cancer mortality rates in women were collected for 2002-2006 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Mammogram use within the past 2 years, by women age 40+ or 50+, data were collected for 2000-2010 from the CDC. Results: Invasive female breast cancer shows an increasing incidence trend in Massachusetts (MA) and Rhode Island (RI), decreasing incidence trend in Maine, and stable incidence trend in Connecticut (CT), New Hampshire (NH), and Vermont. Nationwide, New England states rank among the top 10 US states in invasive female breast cancer incidence rate. In terms of race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic Blacks from RI show an increasing incidence trend of invasive female breast cancer, compared with non-Hispanic Blacks from CT, MA, and US. In addition, there is a decreasing female breast cancer mortality trend in non-Hispanic Whites from NH. The mammogram use analysis shows that VT has the lowest percentage of women having it within the past 2 years in New England and the percentage of women who have had it within the same time period is decreasing in RI. In general, 50+ women have had a mammogram within the past 2 years at a higher percentage than 40+ women. Conclusions: MA, CT, RI, and NH lead the US states in invasive female breast cancer incidence. These results suggest state or regional-specific conditions that need to be addressed. Further studies of female breast cancer racial/ethnic disparities in New England are needed. Finally, mammogram use increases with age. However, its use should be further encouraged among women in New England. Funding: National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute Research Supplement to Promote Diversity in Health-related Research (PI Brian C. Lewis, PhD, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA). Citation Format: Wilfredo Eugenio De Jesus-Monge, Vivianna Margarita De Jesus-Monge. Female breast cancer in New England: Incidence, mortality, and prevention trends with attention to potential cancer racial/ethnic differences. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Sixth AACR Conference: The Science of Cancer Health Disparities; Dec 6–9, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2014;23(11 Suppl):Abstract nr B33. doi:10.1158/1538-7755.DISP13-B33