Fellow Travelers Research Articles

Transnational Exchange in the Nazi New Order: The Spanish Blue Division and its Medical Services

This article uses the case of the Spanish Blue Division to examine the history of transnational exchange and cooperation within the Nazi New Order. In particular, it explores the experiences of the Blue Division's medical services, which were required to engage most closely with the international environment of the Eastern Front. The Blue Division and its medical services shed new light on this topic in a number of different ways. Firstly, they show how the New Order was experienced by those from outside the core Axis states of Germany and Italy, and beyond the minority of ideologically-committed fascist fellow travellers. Secondly, volunteers within the medical corps help to illustrate how the New Order was perceived as a forum for scientific, intellectual and professional exchange, building on the traditional prestige of German science and pre-war practices of international scientific cooperation. Finally, integrating the perspectives of junior officers and rank-and-file troops helps to move beyond the political and cultural elites who dominate the literature on the New Order to show how cooperation and exchange worked on the ground. In particular, it demonstrates where the limits to this cooperation lay, and how individuals dealt with the tensions and conflicts between different national groups.

The Travelogues of Gyula Illyés and Lajos Nagy on Their Visit to the Soviet Union

The Hungarian populist writers Gyula Illyés and Lajos Nagy visited the Soviet Union together during the summer of 1934 as guests of the Union of Soviet Writers. Upon their return to Hungary, Illyés and Nagy published their impressions in separate travelogues.Although they both stressed that they strived for objectivity in their travel reports, they did not fully succeed in their efforts. Their perspectives were colored by a feeling of cultural superiority carried over from their experiences in the Hungary of the 1930s. Their writing was also tainted with anti-Semitism, as evidenced by their reflections on the life of Jews in Russia and Ukraine. Although their hosts took them to model institutions on a government-designed grand tour, they were not won over to the communist cause and failed to become fellow travelers.

SUPERPOSITION: Equilibrium & Engagement, 21st Biennale of Sydney

SUPERPOSITION: Equilibrium & Engagement, 21st Biennale of Sydney

Of Fish Feces, Shamanic Bowls and Chimpanzee Scraps: Extension vs Precision in the Concept of Waste

Joshua Reno’s article is an inspiring call-out to Discard Studies. I thank him for the provocation and hope he takes my response in the spirit of a friendly polemic between fellow travelers in waste studies—which is what we are.

Collecting and Memory

Abstract People’s travel collections serve as a memory aid to help them write travelogues, novels, or scientific reports when they return home. They may also have merely been a way to document a voyage or journey for future generations. Under the surface of any of these end uses is simply the need to collect, the need to hold on to memory—in the form of material culture, ephemera, photographic documentation or assiduous note taking. Travel archives are the materials (either in manuscript form or printed ephemera) that document the purposeful travel of an individual or group. Like family papers, they may be perceived as having limited value beyond their fellow travelers or family members. Irrespective of the motivation of the traveler, these collections often end up in repositories. How an archivist deals with this material is crucial to its future use.

Frontier Kantianism: Autonomy and Authority in Ralph Waldo Emerson and Joseph Smith

AbstractRalph Waldo Emerson is often seen as the early American prophet of autonomy. This essay suggests a perhaps surprising fellow traveler in this prophetic call: Joseph Smith. Smith opposed religious creeds for the same reason that Emerson denounced them, namely that creeds represent a threat to the autonomy of a person's beliefs. Smith and Emerson also forward similar defenses of individual autonomy in action. Furthermore, they encounter a shared problem: how can autonomy be possible in a society where other individuals hold some kind of authority? I propose that each thinker resolves this tension through an insight with a Kantian echo. A suitably qualified version of authority can sometimes count as an expression of, rather than hindrance to, autonomy. I describe the overlap in Emerson and Smith as a “frontier” version of Kantianism. They favor determining one's own beliefs and actions in a way that looks forward to an open future of possibility.

Overcoming Dicey in administrative law

Matthew Lewans’s and Adrian Vermeule’s books demonstrate the triumph of a Thayerian approach to administrative law, which sees legal interpretation as a shared enterprise, over a Diceyian one, which views it as the exclusive province of courts. Their historical, comparative, and analytic treatments expose the depth of the institutional settlement in the United States and Canada in which courts have come to accept that the functional reasons for legislative delegation to administrative agencies – some combination of the agencies’ greater expertise, specialization, capacity, flexibility, and accountability – also justify judicial deference. These demonstrations reveal how much of our accumulated legal developments resurgent Diceyian critics of the administrative state and administrative law seek to cast aside. While largely fellow travellers, these books hold different lessons about the scope and grounds of law. For Vermeule, the diminished place of courts amounts to a larger abnegation of law. But the retreat of courts entails a retreat of law only if one holds on to an identification of law with the courts. In contrast, for Lewans, legitimate judicial deference to agencies is conditioned on agencies complying with the rule-of-law values of fair process and public reason giving. As a result, for Lewans, judicial deference does not mark a diminution of law but, rather, an occasion for judicial enforcement of legal values that apply independently of administrative agencies. These books thus leave us to ask: does law diminish as courts recede or does it still inhere, perhaps even more urgently, in administrative bodies?

Our Ultimate Fellow Travelers: A Pilot Exploration of Sibling Support for Adults With Developmental Disabilities

People with developmental disabilities often experience needs for support that extend beyond the caregiving capacity of their aging parents and their siblings tend to be looked to as next-generation support providers. Yet, sibling support relationships are distinct for their simultaneously obligatory and voluntary nature. This pilot exploration, using in-depth focus group data from five siblings of people with developmental disabilities, is aimed at enriching understandings of the nature of, and expectations surrounding, sibling support for brothers and sisters with developmental disabilities. Findings reflect how sibling support evolves over time and can manifest in siblings assuming roles of: (1) companion and protector; (2) follower; (3) caregiver; and (4) within family protector. Siblings are a vital resource, yet not one that can be assumed as automatically forthcoming.

Humor in a Time of Science Wars: Rereading Isabelle Stengers

Humor in a Time of Science Wars: Rereading Isabelle Stengers

Pierre-Antoine Antonelle and representative democracy in the French Revolution

ABSTRACTThis article examines the political thought of Pierre-Antoine Antonelle, a prominent democrat during the French Revolution. In pamphlets and newspaper articles between 1795 and 1799 he put forth an elaborate theory of ‘representative democracy’ which was a novel and radical vision of political reform and republican international order. His political and economic plan for a democratic future was focused on conceptualizing a realistic transition path to a genuinely republican society. In the wake of historians who pointed out the existence and importance of the idea of ‘representative democracy’ during the Directory, this article delves into the content of this idea by placing it in the context of Antonelle and his fellow travellers’ political struggle to consolidate the Republic while avoiding both anarchy and aristocracy.

Cerebrovascular and Alzheimer disease: fellow travelers or partners in crime?

In this review, we will discuss the progressive decline in cognitive and intellectual performance in late life that has led to great challenges for medical and community services. The term 'vascular cognitive impairment' is defined as any cognitive impairment that is caused by or associated with vascular factors. It can occur alone or in association with Alzheimer disease. The good news is that because vascular risk factors are treatable, it should be possible to prevent or delay some dementias. Since vascular cognitive impairment may often go unrecognized, many experts recommend screening with brief tests to assess memory, thinking, and reasoning for everyone considered to be at high risk for this disorder. Up to 64% of persons 65years or older who have experienced a stroke have some degree of cognitive impairment with up to one third developing dementia. Postmortem studies indicate that up to 34% of dementia cases show significant vascular pathology. It suggests that ischemic stroke triggers additional pathophysiological process that may lead to a secondary degenerative process that may interact with Alzheimer disease pathology thus accelerating the ongoing primary neurodegeneration. Mechanisms could include hypoperfusion, hypoxia, and neuroinflammation, one of the links between the two pathologies. Stroke and dementia share the same risk and protective factors. Since stroke interact with dementia of all types it may already be possible to reduce or delay some dementias by a number of interventions known to prevent stroke. This article is part of the Special Issue "Vascular Dementia".

Drink Special

Research Article| March 01 2018 Drink Special: The Fellow Traveler World Policy Journal (2018) 35 (1): 118. https://doi.org/10.1215/07402775-6894921 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Drink Special: The Fellow Traveler. World Policy Journal 1 March 2018; 35 (1): 118. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/07402775-6894921 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search Books & JournalsAll JournalsWorld Policy Journal Search Advanced Search “If there has ever been a cocktail that’s about international affairs, it would be the Vesper, which is the cocktail that was invented for Ian Fleming prior to the publication of Casino Royale in 1953. (Its namesake, Vesper Lynd, is a colleague of James Bond’s at M16, and, we eventually learn, a Russian double agent.) The Vesper is just one of a set of cocktails that are variations on martinis—and no drink is more associated with foreign policy than martinis. You have the Gibson martini (substitute the olive for a pickled cocktail onion) and the Buckeye (garnish with a black olive), but the radical aspect of the Vesper is that there’s a combination of vodka and gin—so, the spirit of England versus the spirit of Russia. There’s a tension there between East and West. For this drink I was trying to imagine deeper intrigue, so I started with gin and... You do not currently have access to this content.

More than Fellow Travelers: Women of Color and Transnational Politics

More than Fellow Travelers: Women of Color and Transnational Politics

Pitirim Sorokin’s Motley Lace: Biographical Context, the Content of the Travelogue, and the Author’s Value Priorities

This article analyses the work of the famous Russian-American sociologist, philosopher, and cultural researcher Pitirim Sorokin, written in his young years and published in the newspaper Vologodsky Listok in 1911. Motley Lace is of interest as a text that is indicative in several respects; in particular, from the point of view of possible reasons for choosing the place of publication, the influence of the nature of the publication on the artistic features of the travelogue, and the realisation of the author’s value reflected in the content of the text. The study of Vologda as a place of publication of the travelogue demonstrates the diversity of the cultural life of the provincial city, the breadth of interests of the readers of Vologodsky Listok which published Sorokin’s travel notes. The article suggests that the author of the travelogue created it counting on mass but educated audience. He sought to win its favour and used imaginative means and stylistic resources accordingly, employing emotive and evaluative vocabulary, an informal tone of conversation, and simple and distinct first-person reasoning appealing to everyday experience. At the same time, the narrator of Motley Lace who appears to be a progressively-minded and honest intellectual uses the newspaper as a platform for the purposes of education and propaganda. Being a convinced social revolutionary, Sorokin denounces social injustice, reveals the shortcomings of the surrounding reality, and expresses sympathy for the destitute. He admires nature and people’s talents. The work is constructed as an essay and documentary description of a real journey, during which the author observes life, meets and talks to fellow travellers and locals, and collects folklore and ethnographic material. What he sees and hears is not only recorded and displayed but is subjected to analysis and critical consideration from the standpoint of priorities and value preferences of the author. On the one hand, Motley Lace fits in several early publications that testify to the keen interest of the young scholar in the national, historical, and ethnographic life of the Komi-Zyryans; on the other hand, it speaks of his involvement in the political life of his time and of his growing interest in the sociocultural problems.

Imagining Sovereignty: Self-Determination in American Indian Law and Literature by David J. Carlson

Reviewed by: Imagining Sovereignty: Self-Determination in American Indian Law and Literature by David J. Carlson Jace Weaver David J. Carlson, Imagining Sovereignty: Self-Determination in American Indian Law and Literature. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 2016. 242 pp. Paper, $29.95. No concept is more critical to Native American and Indigenous studies than sovereignty. Yet despite its importance (or perhaps because of it), few things, if any, are more contested. For some, sovereignty means control of a specific land base. For others, it is about authority over a citizenry. After more than five hundred years of settler colonialism, the term may have become a retronym. A retronym is a new term created from an existing one because of changed circumstances, requiring an adjectival modifier. For instance, technological progress in creating color television created the need to specify "black-and-white television." (Before color's advent, all televisions were black and white). It may therefore be necessary today to refer to "territorial sovereignty," "political sovereignty," or "economic sovereignty," and so forth. Taiaiake Alfred and Audra Simpson, in a conversation in Alfred's book Peace, Power, and Righteousness: An Indigenous Manifesto (1999), went so far as to suggest that sovereignty is a Western concept and therefore of no utility to Natives. The same argument, however, could be made for "nationhood." Certainly prior to European contact all tribal peoples had specific territories and ways of governing themselves. They understood who was a member of their group and who was not. What are these things, if not "sovereignty"? Into this thicket strides David Carlson, chair of the English department at California State University, San Bernardino and an editor of the journal Transmotion. As a member of Transmotion's editorial board and an attorney, I was especially pleased to see this book. As his subtitle suggests, Carlson examines how self-determination [End Page 253] (or sovereignty) plays out in the overlapping spheres of law and literature. After an overview of the idea in federal Indian law, Carlson writes: To fully appreciate the significance of the concept of sovereignty in contemporary American Indian writing and thought, one must move beyond a sense that the term is wholly compromised by its connections to a Western, and admittedly colonial, heritage. In Indian hands, sovereignty has proven an evolving and multivalenced signifier, one that is deployed today in a wide range of contexts—both political and literary. (36) As proof he delves into Vine Deloria Jr. and John Mohawk's seminal contributions to the lesser known but consequential Basic Call to Consciousness (2005 edition). Carlson examines the "academic civil war" between cosmopolitan and nationalist critics (the internecine appellation bestowed by cosmopolitan Kenneth Lincoln), proclaiming himself an "allied critic" in the nationalist camp (12). As one of the founders of the literary nationalist movement, I welcome such an intelligent and sympathetic fellow traveler. Carlson expresses a preferential option for Red on Red (1999) by Craig Womack, my coauthor (along with Robert Warrior) of American Indian Literary Nationalism (2006). The heart of the book, for me, are his back-to-back chapters on Dakota scholar and writer Elizabeth Cook-Lynn and Anishinaabe author, poet, and theorist Gerald Vizenor, who put his words to activist use in writing the constitution of his White Earth Nation of Anishinaabeg Natives in Minnesota. Carlson's close reading of both is, in itself, a valuable contribution to American Indian literary studies. Having won the "war," nationalist critics did not vacate the field. Instead some have taken a transnationalist turn, as I did in The Red Atlantic (2014). In the process they created what Carlson describes, in the case of the late John Mohawk, as the "internationalization of sovereignty" (66–67). Carlson has produced a clear, well-written monograph. It will be essential to anyone in Native American and Indigenous studies, especially [End Page 254] literary studies. It is, however, also accessible to the non-specialist. Particularly valuable is the bibliography, a feature all too rare in academic books these days. In his conclusion, Carlson writes: My sympathies are with big tent critical approaches, and I hope to suggest that the intellectual work of decolonization requires considerable mobility and innovation in our thinking. . . . I must also...

Contemporary Slavery: Popular Rhetoric and Political Practice by Christo Aivalis

Reviewed by: Contemporary Slavery: Popular Rhetoric and Political Practice by Christo Aivalis Larry Savage Christo Aivalis, The Constant Liberal: Pierre Trudeau, Organized Labour, and the Canadian Social Democratic Left ( Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press 2018) In academic circles, the argument that Pierre Trudeau was firmly and consistently committed to liberal democracy, rather than socialist democracy, will not constitute an especially controversial thesis. However, Christo Aivalis' book, The Constant Liberal: Pierre Trudeau, Organized Labour and the Canadian Social Democratic Left, serves a much deeper purpose than what its title might otherwise suggest. Aivalis' meticulously researched work helps students of Canadian politics, history, and labour studies, to better understand why Trudeau ultimately chose liberalism over socialism after decades as an ally and fellow traveller of the Left in Quebec. The author's highly readable narrative - spanning five decades - focuses on a series of key policy areas and ultimately delivers a thought-provoking social democratic analysis of the politics of Pierre Trudeau. In fact, the book reveals as much about the ideology and politics of the social democratic left as it does about Trudeau. Aivalis' work is a welcome addition to the growing bodies of literature on Trudeau and social democracy in Canada, respectively. Despite sustained engagement with labour unions and the ccp-ndp throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, Trudeau first ran for office, and won, as a Liberal in 1965. He went on to become prime minister in 1968 and had a significant impact of Canadian politics, from the imposition of wage and price controls to patriation of the Constitution with a Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Throughout it all, Aivalis contends that Trudeau did not undergo an ideological transformation, despite the oft heard critique that Trudeau lost his left-wing ideals as a Liberal in government. Rather, according to Aivalis, Trudeau was a constant Liberal who, while welcoming of many social democratic ideas, ultimately embraced liberalism because he saw it as a more inclusive, catch-all, political project that could subsume the best parts of left-wing thinking. In order to make sense of this decision, Aivalis sets out to explore Trudeau's ideological roots and argues that while democratic socialists like Harold Laski, Eugene Forsey, and F.R. Scott influenced his thinking, Trudeau's own thinking was consistently focused on the defence and promotion of narrow democratic and political rights rather than a class-based approaches to rights, freedoms, or politics more generally. Focusing on Trudeau's complex relationship with the labour movement, Aivalis' analysis helps readers understand how Trudeau's central role in labour education and legal support for unions in Québec in the 1950s and 1960s was as much, if not more, about building a bulwark against Premier Maurice Duplessis' repressive and undemocratic Union Nationale regime, than it was about helping workers' struggles. In other words, his [End Page 251] support for striking workers and unions (most famously in the Asbestos strike of 1949) was not class-based, but rather driven by his desire to build a coalition capable of defeating the Union Nationale and pushing Québec towards embracing a more liberal democratic form of politics. According to Aivalis, Trudeau's quest to build a broad coalition of forces in opposition to government repression is what ultimately led him to join the Liberal Party rather than the ndp. Despite close ties to many important figures in the ccp-ndp in Quebec, and despite repeated overtures and attempts to recruit Trudeau as a candidate, he instead opted to run for the Liberal Party. While sympathetic to many ndp policy positions, Trudeau saw the ccp-ndp as alien to, and thus unelectable in, Quebec. Moreover, he was repelled by what he saw as a desperate and misguided attempt by the party to appeal to growing nationalist sentiment in Quebec by adopting a "Two Nations" approach to Canada. Trudeau also reasoned that the ndp's emphasis on class-based politics would cut off a rather large constituency of voters who did not identify with such an approach. Trudeau easily won his seat in the 1965 election and in 1968 captured the leadership of the Liberal Party to become Canada's fifteenth prime minister. Once in power...

Surrealist Ghostliness by Conley Katharine

Reviewed by: Surrealist Ghostliness by Conley Katharine Jean-Michel Rabaté Conley Katharine. Surrealist Ghostliness, Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 2013. 320 pp. In her thought-provoking and suggestive Surrealist Ghostliness, a book moving elegantly between minute descriptions of works of art and rigorous conceptual analysis, Katharine Conley offers three main definitions of ghosts. The first definition pertains to literary history and cultural anthropology. A ghost is an "undead" character returning from the past, either because of a transgression like a murder that has to be avenged, or the non-observance of some rites, or because of an ancient family fate that condemns some dead souls to wander through the world. This is the "gothic ghost," which is familiar to us because it has traversed plays like Hamlet and Romantic literature before reaching our screens where it flourishes in countless horror stories, whether serially produced by Hollywood or by Asian film companies. The second definition is psychoanalytic, and shows us a ghost coming back from the deeper and darker recesses of a collective memory. Such a ghost reveals that the repression without which culture could not exist does not go as deep as we thought—"uncanny" returns testify to the agency of repressed drives via weird coincidences, troubling resemblances, vanishing subjects, or haunting refrains. This is the "Freudian ghost," with which the Surrealists were well acquainted. And [End Page 169] finally there is the family ghost, a literal ghost dependent upon technologies like trick photographs, Ouija boards and turning tables in darkened rooms. This is the "spiritualist ghost," a mediumistic deep throat producing superabundant words predicting the past and remembering an uncertain future. This is the ghost in whose existence we pretend not to believe and whose symptomatic apparitions are met with thrilled expectation as much as suspicion. What is impressive in Conley's book is that she is able to bring this triple definition of ghostliness to bear cogently on a corpus marked by Surrealism. The corpus also goes beyond Surrealism with more contemporary artists who have perpetuated a tradition. Thus Conley presents in great detail the work of Man Ray, Claude Cahun, Brassaï, Salvador Dalí, Lee Miller, Dorothea Tanning and Pierre Alechinsky, remaining within a canonical definition of Surrealism that begins in the 1920's and encompasses the late sixties. One can note the presence of more women than men artists, a wise reminder that Surrealism was not only a male invention, as some have claimed. Conley adds two important artists who are not often seen as fellow travellers of Surrealism, Francesca Woodman and Susan Hiller. In her general approach, Conley highlights an aspect of Surrealism that was neglected by referencing original views about Surrealism provided by philosopher Michel Foucault, a thinker rarely mentioned in that context. In 1966, Foucault had paid homage to André Breton in an interview with Claude Bonnefoy. Foucault called Breton a "French Goethe." Breton would have attempted to combine actual knowledge (with psychoanalysis, anthropology, art history, comparative religion, linguistics, etc.) with visionary poetry. However, for Foucault, Breton was not just a continuator of the German Romantics: he was not simply dreaming the night but inserting an "unbreakable kernel of night in the heart of the day."1 Breton, a "swimmer between two words" granted writing a moral function—it had to change life and keep the horizon of a Revolution in view as an absolute. Breton's stress on the Imagination nevertheless was to situate it in discourse and not just in our hearts. For Foucault, fundamentally, Breton ushered in a new conception of experience, an experience that both unified and dispersed poetic practices while erasing borders between hitherto separate domains. Conley manages to use Foucault's original insights as a connective tissue linking her close readings of visual works. Among these, special mention should be made of Francesca Woodman, whose beautiful 1976 House 3 adorns the cover: typically, it shows the artist's body half-erased, with only one leg in the real world and on the floor [End Page 170] of a dilapidated apartment, which suggests an anamorphic exchange between the house and the photographer. The vivid details of partly ruined walls full of holes and rough floorboards strewn with debris highlight...

Food Allergy and Atopic Dermatitis: Fellow Travelers or Triggers?

Many children with atopic dermatitis also have an allergy to one or more foods, but the presence of these two conditions in an individual does not necessarily indicate a causal link between them. Testing and interpretation, sometimes with specialist consultation, may be required to discern whether food allergy is present in a child with atopic dermatitis and-if it is present-whether the food is triggering or exacerbating signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Recent milestone trials have demonstrated that early introduction of peanuts can reduce the development of peanut allergy in at-risk children. Parents may benefit from education about current revised guidelines that now recommend offering peanut-containing foods to most children at the time he or she is ready for solid food. Semin Cutan Med Surg 36(supp4):S95-S97.

The potential of the exegesis and the challenge of symbiosis

The three contributors to this article believe that a symbiotic relationship between creative and critical aspects of a project function most effectively. Research for the exegesis – whether conventional or experimental – can enhance the creative work’s possibilities, raising more pertinent research questions or refining those already identified. In addition, the thesis as a coherent entity has the potential of making an original contribution to knowledge through the connection of the exegesis and creative work. The case study dissertations demonstrate this point of view, occupying two positions on Krauth’s ‘radical trajectory continuum’ (2011). The first graduate, a filmmaker and academic, chose a conventional exegesis-novel split, as the subject itself, reverse adaptation of a film script to literary young adult novel, is an emerging research discipline. The second candidate chose a braided essay format (Krauth’s ‘plaited’ structure) that reflects the research she undertook into theory of the Uncanny and the consequent destabilisation and fragmentation it encourages. The supervisor as fellow traveller of these doctoral journeys drew on her experience in order to help them to select the most effective thesis structure and to realise the potential of symbiosis. They discovered that in each case the resultant symbiosis did not silence their individual voices but enhanced their individuality.

Uniform fellow traveling between surgery paths in the sphere graph

We show that the Hausdorff distance between any forward and any backward surgery paths in the sphere graph is at most 2. From this it follows that the Hausdorff distance between any two surgery paths with the same initial sphere system and same target sphere system is at most 4. Our proof relies on understanding how surgeries affect the Guirardel core associated to sphere systems. We show that applying a surgery is equivalent to performing a Rips move on the Guirardel core.