Feeding Babies Research Articles

Factors influencing perceptions of processed baby foods and feeding practices among Indian mothers: a qualitative investigation

ObjectiveTo explore how professionally qualified, working Indian mothers conceptualize healthy foods in general, perceive processed infant and baby foods available commercially and what feeding practices they actually follow with their children at home.DesignFive focus groups with 8–12 participants were conducted around the participants’ conceptualization of healthy food, their perceptions about commercially available processed baby and infant foods and their actual feeding practices that they routinely follow with their children. Discussion transcripts were analyzed using an inductive coding approach.SettingIndia.ParticipantsFifty-one professionally qualified, working women with at least one child under 5 years of age.ResultsParticipants agreed that fresh food is healthiest. They also had favorable opinions about processed infant and baby foods with regards to healthfulness, hygiene and safety. Healthy foods were largely conceptualized in relation to nutrient claims, ingredients and discernible health outcomes. They use cues, such as health claims, brand, price, package design and others to determine healthfulness of the product. Perception was heavily influenced by these extrinsic cues rather than by participants’ own nutrition knowledge. Despite having the knowledge, most participants admitted to using these foods on account of factors such as their own inability to lactate, social pressure, lack of time and convenience.ConclusionsMost educated and well off people continue to use these products. While they rue the lack of stringent regulatory measures in India, they feel there is an urgent need to address this huge policy gap by way of legislation and regulation.

The Influence of Emo Demo on Mother’s Knowledge and Attitudes in Providing Infant Feeding

Children under two years old are a critical period in child development, characterized by rapid growth and development. One nutritional issue, stunting, can arise from inappropriate feeding practices and leads to impaired brain development, intelligence, physical growth, and metabolic function. To address this, we implemented Emotional Demonstration education on baby and child feeding schedules for young mothers. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Emotional Demonstration education on mothers’ knowledge and attitudes regarding toddler feeding practices at Dahlia Posyandu, Pabuaran Village, Bogor Regency. A Pre-Experimental One Group Pre-Test Post-Test design was employed involving 32 young women from the Bojonggede Community Health Center. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test questionnaires, analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results indicate a significant improvement in mothers’ knowledge following Emotional Demonstration education. However, no significant change was observed in their attitudes. In conclusion, Emotional Demonstration education effectively enhances maternal knowledge about baby and child feeding schedules but does not influence their attitudes

Longitudinal assessment of sleep and fatigue according to baby feeding method in postpartum women: a prospective observational study

BackgroundPoor subjective sleep quality, depressive symptoms and fatigue occur frequently in postpartum. However, the dynamics of their respective associations from prepartum throughout the maternity period in function of baby feeding method have not been fully elucidated.MethodsProspective, longitudinal study using validated questionnaires probing for sleep quality, insomnia, fatigue and depressive symptoms at 35–37 weeks of gestation and at 2, 8 and 12 weeks postpartum in the obstetric departments of two Flemish hospitals. Somers’d ordinal correlation was used for correlations between the results of questionnaires (ratio variables) and the feeding method variable (an ordinal variable); T tests (normal data) or Mann Whitney (non normal data) tests for equality of means; ordinal regression (‘Proportional odds model’) to investigate the predictive value of parameters at one moment on the feeding method choice at a later moment; logistic regression to investigate the predictive value of parameters on later change of feeding method.Results188 women indicating a choice for either bottle or breastfeeding in prepartum (27–35 weeks’ gestation) were included. Higher fatigue assessed through the Fatigue Severity Scale within late pregnancy was moderately associated with primary bottle feeding choice. Fatigue decreased at early and late postpartum in bottle feeding (-0.38 ± 1.04; p = .110 and − 0.31 ± 1.01; p = .642 respectively), but remained unchanged from late pregnancy through early and late postpartum in breastfeeding (0.04 ± 1.21; p = .110 and − 0.27 ± 0.96; p = .642 respectively), resulting in similar fatigue in both feeding methods in early through late postpartum. There were no differences in sleep quality or insomnia symptoms at all time points. Presence of postpartum depressive symptoms were associated with early switching to bottle feeding (Somers’ d correlation 0.11 (p = .021).ConclusionsFatigue and depressive symptoms are inversely associated with breastfeeding initiation or maintenance and influence feeding method dynamics.

Strategizing emissions reduction investment for a livestock production farm amid power demand pattern: A path to sustainable growth under the carbon cap environmental regulation

Livestock production companies come under increasing responsibility to reduce their environmental impact, and thereby, the simultaneous decision-making of inventory replenishment and emissions reduction investment has become essential for ensuring sustainable development in the livestock farming business. This study investigates, for the first time, the best investment strategy for a livestock farming business under the carbon cap (CC) environmental legislation, taking into account both the edible and non-edible parts of slaughtering mature growing items (GIs) after procuring and feeding baby GIs. By fusing economic and environmental factors, this study aims to shed light on two crucial issues: (i) figuring out the appropriate level of investment needed for the farm to adhere to the CC environmental regulation; and (ii) evaluating the effect of the investment decision on the farm's expenses and emissions levels. To deal with these insights, a thorough analytical framework integrating mathematical modeling methodology, economic evaluation, and carbon accounting approaches is employed. By analyzing the interaction between the farm's emissions reduction investments and replenishment choices, the cost-effective investment level is determined that enables the farm to satisfy the carbon cap obligation while guaranteeing maximum operational efficiency. The results of this study have important ramifications for livestock farming businesses trying to make their way through the stringent CC emission law. The results indicate that in order to keep the business feasible when the cap of the CC guideline is low, the livestock-producing farm should give priority to investing in minimizing feed emissions and using cutting-edge manure treatment methods.

Gambaran Karakteristik Dan Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Pada Bayi di Puskesmas Doro I

Mother's milk (ASI) is a source of food for babies which is useful for the growth and development of babies. Providing breast milk for 6 months to newborns is the gold standard for baby feeding recommended by WHO. Even though breastfeeding is very important for babies, mothers also often experience failure in providing exclusive breastfeeding. This research aims to describe the characteristics and knowledge of mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding for babies aged 0-6 months at the Doro I Community Health Center. This research is a descriptive quantitative study, data collection uses Cluster Sampling where the sample is grouped based on region (Posyandu) or population location by 65 samples. This research instrument uses a Knowledge Questionnaire about Exclusive Breastfeeding adopted from (Septianingrum, 2018) consisting of 19 questions. For favorable questions the "correct" answer is given a score of 1 and "wrong" is given a score of 0, while for unfavorable questions the "correct" answer is given a score of 0 and "wrong" is given a score of 1. The instrument is valid with a correlation number (r-count) > 0.444 so it is said to be valid while the Cronbach's Alpha value and reliability are 0.984. The data analysis used was univariate in the form of a percentage frequency distribution. The results showed that all mothers of babies aged 0-6 months at the Doro I Community Health Center (Puskesmas) were all respondents (100%) aged 15-49 years, 23 respondents (35.4%) had a high school education, 58 respondents (89.2) did not work and 46 respondents (70.8%) had ever breastfed. Mothers' knowledge about giving exclusive breastfeeding to babies aged 0-6 months at the Doro I Community Health Center shows that all 65 mothers (100%) of respondents have good knowledge about giving exclusive breastfeeding to babies aged 0-6 months. The conclusion obtained is that mothers' knowledge about giving exclusive breastfeeding to babies aged 0-6 months at the Doro I Community Health Center shows that all respondents, 65 mothers (100%) have good knowledge about giving exclusive breastfeeding to babies aged 0-6 months.

Green sonochemical synthesis of ZnCo2O4 decorated with carbon nanofibers for enhanced electrochemical detection of bisphenol A in food products.

The facile sonochemical synthesisis reported of zinc cobalt oxide (ZnCo2O4) composited with carbon nanofiber (CNF). Structural, chemical, and morphological were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoluminescent spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. ZnCo2O4/CNF-modified GCE was applied to the detection of bisphenol A (BPA). The modified GCE shows enhanced sensing performance towards BPA, which includes a linear range (0.2 to 120 μM L-1) alongside a low limit of detection (38.2 nM L-1), low interference, and good stability. Detection of lower concentrations of BPA enables real sample analysis in the food industries (milk, orange juice, yogurt, tap water, and baby feeding bottles). Surprisingly, the BPA was detectedin milk 510 nM L-1, orange juice 340 nM L-1, yogurt 1050 nM L-1, and tap water 140 nM L-1. Moreover, an interaction mechanism between the BPA analyte and ZnCo2O4 was discussed.

Prevalence and barriers to early initiation of breastfeeding among urban poor full-time readymade garments working mothers: a mixed-methods study in Bangladesh

BackgroundEarly initiation of breastfeeding is the initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth, which plays a significant role in a born baby’s growth and survival, however its prevalence and predictors among urban full-time readymade garments (RMG) working mothers are not investigated. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and factors affecting early initiation of breastfeeding among urban RMG working mothers.MethodsA sequential explanatory mixed-methods study was conducted between March 2023 and December 2023 in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 452 full-time female RMG workers were included for the quantitative study. Qualitative study was carried out among 30 full-time female RMG workers, four female physicians who were employed in the RMGs, four RMG factory managers, and four local pediatricians.ResultsThe prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding was 40% among the women. It was significantly associated with various factors, including socio-cultural barriers, the advanced age of the mother (AOR 3.93, 95%CI 1.18, 13.04), lack of education (AOR 6.86, 95%CI 1.11, 42.49), lack of awareness, and cultural practices such as initiating goat milk and honey instead of breast milk. The absence of colostrum feeding (AOR 8.96, 95%CI 4.30, 18.70) and pre-lacteal feeding (AOR 0.06, 95%CI 0.03, 0.11) were significant baby feeding practice-related barriers to early initiation of breastfeeding. Maternal health factors, notably post-delivery sickness, cesarean delivery, and lack of breastmilk production, were revealed as a significant hindrance to the early initiation of breastfeeding explored from qualitative analysis. In addition, RMG factory-related factors that significantly affect early initiation of breastfeeding include a strong focus on production, a busy schedule, and a lack of initiative regarding the early initiation of breastfeeding.ConclusionsThe prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding among RMG working women is poor. This study emphasizes the need for interventions that address specific challenges of early initiation of breastfeeding faced by working mothers in RMG sectors, including improved lactation education, increased awareness to mitigate cultural barriers, RMG factory-based initiatives to empower female workers early initiation of breastfeeding, and preparing early initiation of breastfeeding -friendly post-cesarean unit at the health care facility.

Increments of feeding in preterm babies born with abnormal umbilical Doppler

No abstract available

Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara mothers at Selected Community, Chennai

Introduction: Breast milk is the best and most comprehensive source of nutrients for babies. Poor baby feeding practices are the cause of 60% of infant and early child mortality worldwide. The growth and development of children may be negatively impacted by inappropriate newborn feeding practices, particularly in underdeveloped and developing nations. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the Breast-feeding Practices among Primipara Mothers at Selected Community, Chennai. Methods: A descriptive correlational design was used. The study was carried out in a community area in Chennai. Using the purposive sampling technique, 100 primipara mothers with infants between the ages of 1-12 months who fulfil the inclusion criteria were selected after obtaining formal agreement from the relevant authorities of the selected community area and ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee. The data was gathered through interview method using pre-tested instruments such as background variable proforma, obstetrical variable proforma, and proforma to evaluate primipara mothers' breastfeeding practices. Results: The study findings revealed that 73% of the primipara mothers had moderately adequate practice. None of them in the category of needs improvement. There was a significant association between selected obstetrical variables such as mode of delivery and practice on breast feeding in primipara mothers (p<0.05). Those who had normal vaginal delivery had good practice when compared to those who delivered through LSCS.

Hubungan Peran Suami Dengan Sikap Ibu Dalam Proses Menyusui Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan

Feeding babies directly from the mother's own breast is breastfeeding. When breastfeeding, mothers need the support of their husband because breastfeeding is not carried out by the mother and baby alone. A husband who is not supportive can affect the mother's emotions, leading baby blues. Emotional support is needed by couples / wives because emotional support affects thoughts, feelings, and sensations that greatly affect the release of oxytocin. Therefore, a husband has a very important role to keep the oxytocin reflex smooth This study aims to determine the relationship between the husband's role and the mother's attitude in the process of breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months. The research design uses correlational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population and sample were all mothers breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months at Posyandu in Tales Village. Using a total sampling technique, 30 respondents were obtained. The variables consist of the independent variable, namely the husband's role in mothers breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months and the dependent variable, namely the mother's attitude in the process of breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months. Data were collected using a questionnaire on the husband's role in mothers breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months and the mother's attitude in the process of breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months. Data processing uses univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi Square test The research results showed that 13 respondents (43.3%) supported their husband's role with a positive maternal attitude. The statistical test results show that the calculated χ2 is 4.41 which is greater than the table χ2 of 3.841, so H1 is accepted. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the husband's role and the mother's attitude in the process of breastfeeding babies aged 0-6 months. From the results of this research, it is hoped that health workers can provide health education through classes for pregnant women by involving their husbands when attending classes for pregnant women. From the statistical test, χ2 calculated 9.03. When compared with χ2 table with a significant level of 5% and n = 30 which is 3.841 it is found that χ2 counts > χ2 table

The Relationship of Mother's Knowledge Level And Mp-Asi Feeding Patterns and Baby's Nutritional Status Age 6-12 Months at Rantang Health Center

The toddler period is a very important period and needs serious attention. During this period the life process of growth and development takes place very rapidly, namely physical growth and psychomotor, mental and social development. The nutritional status of children under five is an important thing that must be known by every parent. Mothers play an important role in supporting efforts to overcome nutritional problems, especially in terms of family nutrition, starting from food preparation, selection of food ingredients, to the food menu. Mothers who have good nutritional status will give birth to well-nourished children. Lack of parental nutrition and health knowledge, especially mothers is one of the causes of malnutrition in children under five. Mother's knowledge about nutrition is what the mother knows about healthy food for a certain age group and how the mother chooses, processes and prepares food properly. The aim is to determine the relationship between the mother's level of knowledge and the pattern of complementary feeding of breast milk on the nutritional status of toddlers 6-12 months in the working area of the Rantang Health Center, Sei Putih Tengah Village, Medan Petisah District, North Sumatra. This type of research is an analytic method with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were all children aged 6-12 months inti the Rantang Health Center, namely 54 children. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square (?2) statistical test. The results of the statistical test obtained a p value of 0.002 (? <0.05), which means that there is a relationship, namely the relationship between maternal nutritional knowledge regarding the pattern of giving complementary foods and the nutritional status of toddlers aged 6-24 months

Breastfeeding Patterns in Stunted and Not Stunted Toddlers Using Infant Feeding Area Graphs in the Working Area of the Pagambiran Health Center, Padang

One of the nutritional problems of children in Indonesia is stunting. Fulfillment of nutrition in the first 1,000 days of life is related to stunting. WHO recommends breastfeeding and breastfeeding as a method of feeding babies to achieve optimal growth and development. This descriptive study aims to provide an overview of the feeding practices of stunted and non-stunting toddlers as seen in the feeding history included in the Toddler Feeding Area Chart from 0-6 months of age. This research found that giving breast milk alone to stunted toddlers (52.17%) was lower than non-stunting toddlers (66.67%), and the most common feeding pattern for stunted toddlers was formula milk.

The Effect of Media Distractions on Women During Breastfeeding and Infant Care: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In modern world, the pervasive use of media technologies has seen a significant increase across various domains. The study aimed to assess the level of distraction among lactating women during feeding and infant care, along with exploring associated factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 120 lactating mothers who visited comprehensive health centers in Zanjan City in 2023. The inclusion criteria were lactating mothers older than 18 years, who were within 42 days postpartum. A multistage sampling method was used for participant selection. Data were gathered using a standard maternal distraction questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with a confidence level of 95%. Results: The study found that smartphone use (69.7%) was the most common source of distraction for mothers during breastfeeding, while reading books (17.5%) was the least distracting. In addition, 85% of mothers watched television while caring for their babies (except during breastfeeding), and a significant percentage used landline phones (92.5%) and mobile phones (79.2%). It was noted that older mothers tended to be less distracted during feeding or baby care compared with young mothers. Furthermore, maternal attention during baby feeding increased with higher education levels and having more children (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The study concludes that young mothers with lower levels of education experience significantly high levels of distraction while caring for their babies or breastfeeding. Given the substantial availability of media products, interventions are needed to raise mothers' awareness about the importance of maintaining eye contact with their babies and implementing strategies for managing distractions.

PERAN KADER POSYANDU DALAM MENINGKATKAN STATUS GIZI ANAK STUNTING MELALUI PIJAT TUINA DAN PMBA CURUP TENGAH

Stunting must be a priority because its impact is very broad. Stunting has an impact on increasing the risk of morbidity and death, delayed motor development and hampered mental growth, increasing the risk of overweight and obesity, increasing the risk of degenerative diseases. The nutritional needs of toddlers will not be met if toddlers experience problems with eating and feeding children. One way to overcome this is through community service activities to empower posyandu cadres in the form of training to increase knowledge and skills in performing tuina massage and feeding babies and children. The target of the activity was 35 posyandu cadres in the District Work Area of Rejang Lebong in 2021. Training activities were carried out offline. The results of the participants' pretest and posttest showed an increase in knowledge of 27.0 and the results of the skills assessment using the checklist obtained an average score of 87. The community service activities by empowering posyandu cadres through training and mentoring can increase the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres in carrying out tuina massage and IYCF.

Quality Initiative Program to Improve the Percentage of Very Preterm Neonates Receiving Expressed Breast Milk Within 24 Hours of Birth in a Tertiary Care (Level III-B) NICU

Background There is often a delay in the initiation of feeding in preterm babies and more dependence on PDHM milk due to the non-availability of the mother’s own milk. This study aimed to increase the percentage of very preterm neonates receiving expressed breast milk (EBM) within 24 hours of birth. Methods A quality improvement (QI) initiative study was conducted from May 2022 to August 2022 in a tertiary care (Level III-B) NICU. A QI support team was formed. The reasons for the delay in the initiation of expression of breastmilk were evaluated. We included preterm neonates (&lt;32 weeks gestation) born within the study period. Antenatal and postnatal counseling regarding the expression of breast milk, using leaflets and video, frequent visits, telephonic reminders, and emphasizing Kangaroo Mother Care through various Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles were done. Results A total of 17 very preterm babies were studied over a period of 3 months. The percentage of preterm receiving EBM within 24 hours of birth, increased from 20% (observation phase) to 83.3% (initiation phase) and maintained to 90% in the continuation phase. The time of receiving the first EBM reduced from a median of 32.5 hours (1.35 days) in the retrospective phase to 17 hours (0.7 days) during the initiation phase and it was sustained later on. Mothers were able to express as early as within 4.5 hours. Conclusion A simple QI intervention showed early expression and sustenance of breast milk in mothers of preterm neonates.

Presurgical management trends and nasoalveolar molding usage for infants with cleft lip and palate in the capital of a developing country.

Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) application is among presurgical management (PSM) techniques used for infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP). It helps to approximate the palatal cleft and to reshape the nasoalveolar complex prior to primary lip repair. This study aimed to explore types of PSM and the dental speciality provision for infants with CLP in Baghdad. The status of NAM usage and surgeons' perceptions toward NAM usage were assessed. This is a cross-sectional paper-based questionnaire study that collected responses of surgeons perform primary lip and nose repair regarding PSM. The questionnaire was distributed amongst public and private hospitals in Baghdad. Twenty surgeons were enrolled (only those surgeons who perform primary repair for infants with CLP); two females and eighteen males. The majority of participants' responses suggested that the majority of infants with CLP were provided with baby feeding plates and lip straps. Six surgeons reported that a percentage of their patients who have been provided with NAM. PSM in Baghdad was mostly supplied by orthodontists and plastic surgeons, and the next most likely providers were prosthodontists. 82.35% of the surgeons found that primary surgical repair procedures were easier with NAM than for the other infants. The rest have not perceived any differences. Orthodontists, surgeons and prosthodontists were involved in providing PSM. Baby feeding plates and lip straps were the most common PSM in Baghdad, although NAM is not uncommon. Most surgeons believe that using NAM made surgical procedures easier and permitted the prediction of surgical outcomes.

FACTORS AFFECTING EARLY COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING OF MOTHERS WITH BABIES AGED 0-6 MONTHS

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age and continued until 2 years of age can promote healthy growth and development. According to the WHO, in 2020, if a child receives complementary foods before 6 months of age, their growth will be delayed, and the risk of diarrhea is 17 times higher and the risk of upper respiratory tract infection is 3 times higher. The problem of this study is that the rate of early complementary food distribution for babies aged 0–6 months is still high. This study aims to determine factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from 0 to 6 months of age. Method: The design of this research is descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The research was carried out in July–September 2023 in Banaran Village, Kediri East Java, with a sample of 32 respondents consisting of mothers with babies aged 0–6 months who had been given early complementary feeding. Sampling is done by consecutive sampling. The variables in this study are factors that influence the provision of early complementary feeding for mothers with babies aged 0–6 months. Data was obtained through direct interviews with respondents using a questionnaire. Results: This study showed that the factors affecting early complementary feeding are socio-cultural factors with high category (81.3%), knowledge level factors with medium category (50%), personal factors with low category (87.6%) and promotional advertising for infant formula and baby food have medium category (71.9%). Conclusion: research results shows that the factors affecting early complementary feeding for babies from aged 0-6 months are socio-cultural factors, personal factors, and promotional advertising factors.

Maternal perception of factors that interfere with breastfeeding of preterm newborns.

to verify the association between the perception of mothers of premature infants regarding the features that may interfere with breastfeeding and the mother's socioeconomic data, pregnancy and the baby's clinical data. observational, descriptive and analytical quali-quantitative cross-sectional study. One hundred and fourteen mothers of premature infants were included and data were collected through questionnaires, applied at hospital discharge, and analysis of medical records. Maternal responses about the interference observed in the breastfeeding process were categorized by content analysis and associated with socioeconomic, pregnancy and baby data. the mothers' perceptions regarding the factors that interfere with the baby's feeding at the mother's breast were divided into four semantic categories: clinical and/or physical conditions of the baby; clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions of the mother; support network; and strategies for initiating and/or maintaining breastfeeding. Education, paternal presence, having other children and having breastfed them were associated with the maternal perception that their clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions interfere with breastfeeding. In addition, the support network was associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. education, paternal presence, multiparity and having breastfed previous children influenced the maternal perception that their clinical, physical and/or psycho-emotional conditions interfere with breastfeeding. In addition, mention of the support network was associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge.

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Pekerjaan, dan Dukungan Keluarga Terhadap Kegagalan ASI Ekslusif Di UPTD Puskesmas Pengaringan Kabupaten Oku

Breast milk is the best food for babies. It cannot be replaced with other foods and no food can replace breast milk. The converage of breast feeding babies in OKU Regency in 2018 was 60,7%. in pengaringan primary health care center area in 2021 it was recorded that out of 168 babies there wewe 146 babies who failed to have exclusive breastfeeding (86,9%). the objective of the of implementing exclusive breastfeeding in the UPTD area of pengaringan primary health care center, semidang Aji district, OKU Regency in 2021. this study was quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The population of the study was all mothers who had babies aged more than 6 months, who visited the UPTD Primary health care center of pengaringan, semindang aji sitrict, OKU Regency in february 2022. the sampel of the study was 30 a quistionnaire. The data were analyzed by means of chi -square test formula. The results of with the failure of exclusive breastfeeding with the value of variable of knowledge (p-0.004) and family support (p-0,013). there was no significant relationship between work and exclusive breastfeeding failure with p-value of 0.402. it is expected that the primary health care center be able to increase health counseling related to exclusive breastg=feeding and put up more health information such as posters about exclusive breastfeeding.

Dominant Factors in Complementary Food Feeding in Babies and Toddlers

During the first two years of their lives, 52.8% of Indonesian children aged 6–23 months did not receive the nutrition they needed to grow and develop optimally. In 2019, Tulang Bawang Regency was one of the areas in Lampung province with the most significant percentage of very underweight toddlers (BB/TB) at 7.7%. Of the nine health centers, the lowest infant health service coverage was at the Banjar Baru Health Centre, Tulang Bawang Regency. The research aims to determine the dominant factors in giving MP-ASI to babies and toddlers in Tulang Bawang Regency in 2021. This research is correlational-analytic with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling used a stratified random sample of 132 mothers with babies and toddlers aged 6–24 months. Bivariate analysis uses the chi-square test, and multivariate analysis uses the logistic regression test. The results show that internal factors (age familiarity with food, child activity, and child health history) and some external factors (type of food, frequency of feeding, number of feedings, and community culture) have a significant relationship with MP-ASI feeding behavior in babies and toddlers (p