Federal State Statistics Service Research Articles

Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among the population of the Arctic region of Russia

Relevance. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most significant contributor to the global disease burden. CVDs are still the top leader in the nosology of death causes among the population of most countries and globally. Specific climate and geographical conditions in the Russian Arctic are responsible for high CVD risks; poor transport accessibility of some northern territories lead to restricted availability of sophisticated medical care to patients.The objective of the study is to characterize the epidemiology and dynamics of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among the population of the Komi Republic (KR) throughout 2009 to 2022.Methods. For 2009 through 2022, an epidemiological analytical study (ecological study) was carried out regarding cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among the KR population (in the North-West Russia) using federal statistical observation formats; statistical data were recruited from the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the Unified Interdepartmental Information Statistical System (EMISS). Statistical analysis included calculation of mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) and incidence-to-prevalence ratio.Results and discussion. For 2009 through 2022, the average annual CVD incidence rate among the KR population stood at (23.1 ± 0.5) ‰, with (277.3 ± 5.9) ‰ prevalence rate. A significant increase (from 21.0 to 29.3 %) in the proportion of coronary heart diseases (CHDs) in the nosology of primary morbidities was noted. The incidence-to-prevalence ratio showed multidirectional dynamics, with positive (growth rate in 2009–2022: +64.5 %) values for arterial hypertension (AH) vs. negative (growth rates: +31.8 and +23.7 %) values for CHDs and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs). The cardiovascular mortality rate in 2003–2017 decreased by 29.1 %showing an upward trend since 2018. MIR for CHDs, AH and CCVDs decreased by 33.4, 52.9 and 23.7 % respectively.Conclusion. CVDs remain the main cause of the disease burden in the KR population. The registered trends in morbidity and mortality rates due to major CVDs shows efficient performance of regional cardiology care.

Influence of Socio-Economic Indicators on the Volume of Foreign Trade in the Regions

The presented paper addresses the principles of forming foreign trade volume in the regions of Russia. During the study, based on open statistical data from reports of the Federal State Statistics Service and using a data analysis tool embedded in the Excel spreadsheet program, the authors developed a regression model that includes seven factor indicators describing socio-economic criteria that are presumed to significantly influence the foreign trade volume in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. In building and evaluating the regression model, standard econometric analysis procedures were applied, including the stage of model quality assessment, during which insignificant variables were excluded based on criteria such as P-value and standard error. After performing all necessary adjustments to the obtained model, the authors conclude that the foreign trade volume of a region directly depends on its attractiveness to international migrants, the level of education development, and the volume of natural resources. The paper also highlights the limitations of the proposed model, which lie in the limited consideration of the education factor, represented only in quantitative terms and through accessibility, without accounting for the quality of education. Thus, the proposed model identifies key drivers of regional foreign trade potential growth, perceived as foreign trade volume, but requires further refinement, especially in terms of incorporating the quality of education, which will allow for more accurate determination of priority areas in regional economic policy.

Industry specialisation of the Kemerovsk region – Kuzbass: trends and problems that affect economic growth and development of the region

The article is devoted to studying the influence of industry specialisation of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass on the economic growth of the entity. The purpose of the study is to identify the most significant trends and problems of the industry specialisation that affect the development of the region. Using methods of scientific knowledge – description, synthesis and generalisation of the data obtained; literature review, graphical method – the following has been conducted: analysis of the dynamics of structural changes in the gross regional product (hereinafter referred to as GRP) of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass; assessment of trends in the movement of main industry indicators and indicators of regional industry. The information base of the study consists of foreign and domestic publications devoted to the analysis of the GRP sectoral structure; statistical data from the Federal State Statistics Service and its territorial authority for the Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass. Based on the analysis of the structural changes dynamics, an increase in the contribution of the raw materials sector to the country’s gross domestic product and an increase in the share of mineral extraction in the industry structure of the GRP of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass have been revealed. The trend of decrease in the industrial production index is analysed, it is shown that it has a trend similar to the dynamics of the decline in mining production, and the reasons for the decline are described. The strengthening trend of economic growth in the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass based on the raw model has been determined. East Asian models of economic growth are considered. The expediency of using international experience in the design of high-tech industries on the basis of private investment in the research and development sector, and its adaptation to the realities of the development of Russian regions is indicated. A conclusion is drawn about the need to support the technological sovereignty of the country and the transition of the development of the Kemerovo region – Kuzbass to a non-primary model.

Seamless multimodality for passenger transportation in the Russian Federation

The paper considers the formation of a seamless multimodal passenger transportation in order to develop transport infrastructure not only at the regional but also at the federal level. The positive aspects and disadvantages of a multimodal transport system are considered. The paper presents a review of the scientific literature on the above issues. The research methodology is based on proven approaches. Founded on the analysis of the tourist flow, it is proposed to build a system of seamless multimodal transportation in the territory of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF). The relevance is due to the need to develop regional transport systems as well as consideration of this topic in the scientific literature, regulatory documents of the industry. Based on the Strategic direction in the field of digital transformation of the transport industry of the RF until 2030, the principles of multimodality are proposed to create a seamless system of multimodal passenger transportation. The development has been conducted for the transport system of the Altai Territory. Based on the data on tourist flows of the Federal State Statistics Service, the calculated route Moscow – Barnaul – Gorno-Altaysk is formed. The introduction of a digital platform for convenient search and booking of transportation is considered, the key points of working with requests are highlighted. The movement of financial and information flows and the algorithm of actions of the system participants are determined.

Structural elements and performance of entrepreneurial management systems at large corporations

The Russian economy is currently lagging behind developed nations in terms of innovation, which necessitates adopting relevant approaches to managing socio-economic systems to keep them competitive and ensure their sustainable develop ment. Large corporations have significant resource potential and social power, which makes it relevant to improve management of their entrepreneurial activity that stimulates innovation development. The paper aims to judge the quality of entrepreneurial management systems at large corporations and evaluate their innovation performance. Corporate governance theory and man agement theory constitute the methodological framework of the study. The research methods used are qualitative, regression and comparative analysis. The empirical data are obtained from 160 corporations included in 2023 RAEX-600 Ranking and rep resenting 21 industrial sectors, as well as data from the RF Federal State Statistics Service and the All-Russia data system on com panies and business “For Honest Business” for the period of 2010–2022. The study identifies 19 elements of the entrepreneurial management system at large corporations, e.g., the presence of an R&D center, startup support, commitment to open innovation, a corporate venture fund, etc., and assesses how intensively they are used across industries. As for the innovation performance of the system under review, no statistical relationship was observed between performance indicators of many corporations and the volume of shipped innovative products. Thus, the research reveals that entrepreneurial management systems at a large number of corporations lack innovation performance, which requires further research into their quality.

Demographic challenges in the context of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of maternity and childhood protection

The article examines current demographic trends in Russia in comparison with population changes based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) and the UN Population Division. The specifi cs of the age structure of the population of Russia, formed by a number of demographic waves, are such that changes in the number of births and the size of age groups occur in waves; this trend will continue in the coming decades. The state policy of the Russian Federation in the fi eld of family support, aimed at increasing the total fertility rate from 1.3 to 1.6 by 2030 and to 1.8 by 2036, should provide for the introduction of new health-preserving and reproductive health protection technologies, the development of childhood infrastructure, antenatal clinics and perinatal centers for high-quality and aff ordable medical care for mothers and children.

Assessing the development of a human-centered economy in Russia: A methodological approach

Aim. To build and sub stantiate the author’s methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy. In view of the insufficiency of theoretical and empirical research in the field of formation and development of economy for human beings, the demand for this scientific research is actualized in order to better meet human needs.Objectives. To develop a methodology for assessing the development of human-centered economy; to test it on the example of the Russian Federation (RF), including Russian regions.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was formed by the provisions of the theory of human-centered economy. The methods used include normalization, linear scaling, and “series of information criteria” methods. Visualization of the obtained results was carried out on the basis of spatial modeling software package GeoDA. The information base was the data of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Information and Statistical System, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Rospatent for 2018-2022.Results. The methodology for calculating the integral index of human-centered economy development has been developed. It was calculated by integrating 87 specific indices and eight subindices. The process of research revealed that this economic system is at the initial stages of development with isogressive-regressive trajectory, has insignificantly developed constituent components in the form of creative and cognitive spheres.Conclusions. The proposed methodology provides a basis for further scientific research in similar studies, as well as for the formation of targeted measures to support the challenging spheres of human activity and human-centered economy as a whole.

Factors influencing regional disparities in online shopping

Online shopping has grown exponentially in the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as RF, Russia) in recent years. This growth has significantly accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, data shows that there are inter-regional disparities in the use of online shopping. This includes intergenerational and rural-urban disparities. This study investigates the factors responsible for inter-regional differences in the development of online shopping in Russia. The author has identified 5 main factors that can influence the development: internet infrastructure (measured by regional expenses for the introduction of digital technologies and the number of connected mobile subscribers), economic wealth (measured by gross regional product), standard of living (measured by the population income), rate of poverty, and the region’s population. The research uses data of the Federal State Statistics Service and Association of Internet Trade Companies to analyse 85 regions in the RF. A multi-level regression analysis has enabled examination of the 5 factors and the contextual influence of 8 federal districts of Russia in level 2. The results show that internet infrastructure, economic wealth, population size, and the 8 federal districts has influenced the development of online shopping in the RF, but standard of living is not statistically significant. The author recommends that policymakers pay attention to these underlying factors.

Исследование факторов, определяющих динамику и качество прогнозирования потребительских цен на рыбную продукцию

Using information of the Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Primorsky Territory (Primorskstat), the dynamics of consumer price indices for fishery products in the country as a whole, the Far Eastern Federal District and the Primorsky Territory for 2002-2023, and the dynamics of prices by type of fish products in the Primorsky Territory for 2013-2023 were studied. It is concluded that the cost of fishery products has been steadily increasing throughout the analyzed period, and ahead of the inflation rate. The most intensive increase in the cost of processed fish, cut, more valuable in terms of nutritional characteristics. To determine the reasons for the constant growth, a correlation and regression analysis of the consumer price index for fishery products with other related indicators was carried out. Multicollinear factors were identified and excluded (consumer price index for food, per capita cash income of the population, fish consumption in the Primorsky Territory, industrial production index for the type of activity “Fishing and fish farming”). According to the criteria used in functional analysis, the multiple regression equation compiled using the remaining factors (inflation level and producer price index for fish products) was found to be untenable. As a result of excluding the factor “inflation level”, which had a less close connection with the performance indicator, a pair correlation model was obtained that describes the dependence of the consumer price index on the producer price index of fish products. The synthesized model is recognized as practically significant, and therefore can be used to obtain quantitative estimates of the consumer price index for fish products when forecasting.

Development of Science Diplomacy in the MENA Region: Priorities and Prospects for Cooperation with Russia on the Example of Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates

Introduction. The development of science diplomacy is aimed at promotion of a state’s interests in the international arena. Russia is striving to strengthen cooperation in the field of scientific and technological development, humanitarian exchange with such MENA countries as Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates. These countries are of significant interest to Russia due to the long-standing forms of cooperation with them. The main purpose of this study is to identify science diplomacy actors, visually present them taking into consideration the process of science development in these countries and determine prospects of cooperation with Russia. Materials and Methods. In their study, the authors used data from open sources, Russian Federal State Statistics Service reports, UNESCO Science reports, World Bank database. The analysis of development of international science and technology cooperation in the three MENA countries was carried out. The authors used the descriptive method to present the main actors of science diplomacy and visually provide the science diplomacy systems. The developed models of science diplomacy of Saudi Arabia, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates enable Russia to identify the priorities in the field of science diplomacy in the context of geopolitical challenges. Results. The study identified the potential partners of Russia in Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Egypt to strengthen international science and technology cooperation. The prospects for cooperation with these countries are fixed in the mutual agreements with Russia. The authors studied the policy of these countries in the field of international scientific and technical cooperation, considered strategic directions for the development of science diplomacy. The created models of science diplomacy reflect the main actors of science diplomacy, as well as the current interrelationship between the three MENA countries and Russia in the field of science and technology. The value of this research lies in the preparation of an extensive analytical base that helps to identify potential partners for Russia among the MENA countries, as well as identify key strategies and directions to stimulate the growth of cooperation and knowledge exchange. Discussion and Conclusion. The research has shown that in the studied Arab countries, there is an active development of scientific diplomacy. The governments of these countries are increasingly turning to science to solve political problems. The MENA region has extensive resources and scientific potential, which makes it attractive for scientific cooperation. The analysis of cooperation with these countries made it possible to identify key strategies and priorities to stimulate the growth of cooperation and knowledge exchange between the MENA countries and Russia.

The regional features of digitalization in public administration: experience of the Orel region

Relevance. Russian regions are characterized by varying degrees of readiness for the introduction of digital technologies into the management system, this process often takes place formally and does not imply a significant change in the format of interaction between the population and business, on the one hand, and regional executive authorities, on the other. The study of the specifics of digitalization of public administration will allow to identify "bottlenecks" for improving measures to support digital transformation at the level of the subject of the Russian Federation, to identify and replicate successful experience.The purpose of the article is predetermined by its topic and is to determine the regional features of the digitalization of public administration in the Orel region.Objectives. To achieve this goal, the theoretical, methodological, organizational and regulatory foundations of digitalization of public administration are considered, a comparative analysis of key indicators of digitalization in this area is carried out, the opportunities and threats of digitalization are determined, taking into account the specifics of the socio-economic development of the region under study.Methodology. The materials for the study were official statistics presented on the official websites of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, compiled by constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the “Information Society” section. The main research methods are statistical analysis of data series, comparative analysis, SWOT analysis.Results. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that the basic conditions for the digital transformation of management in the Oryol region have been formed: relevant regional strategies and programs have been developed and are being implemented, benchmarks for their implementation have been established, the system of authorities is functioning and the infrastructure necessary for successful digitalization is being developed. At the same time, there is no list of specific measures necessary for the integration of state regional information systems into federal super services, measures for personnel and financial support for digitalization processes, increasing the level of digital literacy of the population, and intensifying outreach work among the population. Solving these problems will improve the efficiency of the digital transformation of public administration in the Orel region.Conclusions. Regional specifics determine the effectiveness of the digital transformation of public administration in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and therefore regional programs should not only repeat federal initiatives, but also adapt them taking into account the territorial characteristics of socio-economic development.

Development of institutions for the digital transformation of the economy of Russian regions

Subject. The article discusses methodological approaches to the study of the impact of institutions for digital transformation of regions’ economy, the choice of evaluation indicators. Objectives. The purpose is to determine the content of the concept of institutions for digital transformation of regions, the degree of interrelation of socio-economic development and indicators of digital transformation published by the Federal State Statistics Service, group regions according to the level of socio-economic development on the Harrington scale, determine the degree of regional digitalization to identify the strength of relationship of GRP, per capita GRP, and the strength of relationship of particular indicators characterizing digitalization. Methods. We applied general scientific research methods, the Harrington scale grouping method, and the correlation analysis method. Results. We reviewed methodological approaches to the content of concepts of digitalization, digital transformation, and digital institutions; determined the strength of relationship of socio-economic development, sectoral structure, and the level of digitalization of regions, using the Volga Federal District case. Conclusions. The most acute problem is economic and digital inequality of regions. The socio-economic development of regions and their digital indicators statistically have high strength of relationship, they have mutual influence.

Technology entrepreneurship in innovation ecosystems: features of functioning and forms of support

Developing a business based on innovative ideas, technology entrepreneurship plays a leading role in achieving the goals of sustainable development of the national economy. At the initial stage of development, technological startups need resource support to transform into an innovative company. Such support can be provided by innovation ecosystems and technology entrepreneurship ecosystems. Government support for the activities of small innovative enterprises is an important factor in the development of technology entrepreneurship. The purpose of the study is to develop an organizational and functional model of technology entrepreneurship. The level of development of technology entrepreneurship at the federal level and at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was assessed using indicators of the share of small enterprises in the total number of organizations, the share of innovative products of small enterprises in the total volume of manufactured products, expenditures on innovative activities, and internal costs of research and development. The author used data from the Federal State Statistics Service. An organizational and functional model of technology entrepreneurship is proposed, the main elements of which are the business community, investors, scientific and educational organizations, innovative enterprises, innovative and technological infrastructure, support institutions. It is shown how a startup, scaling a business model, can turn into an innovation business, what forms of support can ensure this, how intercompany interaction is organized within the innovation process. It is recommended to develop forms of cooperation between the business community and universities, stimulate innovative enterprises in the regions, support technological startups, and improve forms of government support for technology entrepreneurship. For the growth and development of startups in the innovation ecosystem, mechanisms for productive interaction of all its elements and effective forms of support for technology entrepreneurship are needed.

Dynamics of everyday practices of urban parents

In order to further improve family policy, the article aims to analyze the dynamics of everyday practices of parents. The empirical basis is the databases on individuals of the Comprehensive monitoring of living conditions (GKS-KOUZH — 2011,2016, 2018, 2020, 2022 years), which is conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service. Subsamples of urban fathers and mothers living with children under the age of 15 have been formed. The daily practices of parents are analyzed based on the indicators of work, leisure, sports, health, smoking and alcohol consumption contained in the database, depending on gender, educational level and number of children. The article presents an analysis of studies on the transmission of constructive and destructive parenting practices to children. It is shown that during the analyzed period, the proportion of parents who work in their specialty, attend various leisure facilities, participate in the activities of political and public organizations, engage in sports and drink alcohol is stable. The proportion of mothers attending religious institutions and meetings of believers has decreased. There are positive trends in a significant increase in the proportion of both fathers and mothers who are satisfied with their profession and salary, who make tourist trips, who positively assess their health and a decrease in the proportion of fathers who smoke. According to the analysis of the KOUZH-2022, more parents with higher education work in their specialty, are satisfied with wages, have the opportunity to work distantly via the Internet, practice buying food and goods over the Internet, make tourist trips, visit the theater, museums, exhibitions, restaurants, participate in social activities, do not smoke, play sports or active recreation compared to parents without higher education. Parents with many children are similar in terms of types of professional activities and level of education to one- and two-child parents. The absolute advantage of parents with many children is a significant proportion of religious fathers and the lowest level of alcohol consumption by fathers and mothers. Positive trends in the daily activities of parents inspire optimism about the prospects for fertility and the quality of parenthood.

Current Accessibility Challenges to Dental Care

Introduction. Access to dental care is a key aspect of ensuring public health and well-being. Modern health-care systems face many challenges related to the provision of high-quality dental services to all patients seeking for medical help. There is a wide range of challenges, from financial and organizational issues to social and cultural aspects. Lack of dental care affects not only oral health but health in general. Limited access to dental care can lead to tooth decay or other conditions that require expensive treatment in hospital settings, thus disrupting more urgent medical needs.The purpose of this work was to consider the current problems related to the accessibility of dental care. To this purpose, an analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature was carried out.Materials and methods. This study used general scientific research methods (generalization, analysis, and synthesis). Papers by Russian and foreign authors as well as analytical reports on public and private pro-grams that contribute to increasing the availability of dental medical care were studied.Results. In the context of universal health care, access to dental care is considered a vital public health issue. Financial, geographical, cultural, and social barriers to dental care are considered the most significant. In the Russian Federation, according to the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), about 30% of the popu-lation does not have regular access to dental services due to financial and geographical barriers.

Determinants of the morbidity of the rural population in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic: a regional aspect

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from the Federal State Statistics Service, as well as statistical materials from the digest “Rural Healthcare in Russia in 2021”, provided by the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Russian Research Institute of Health” of the Russian Ministry of Health were the main sources of information for this study. Analytical procedures included Pearson correlation analysis, factor analysis (principal component method), hierarchical cluster analysis, multiple linear regression with backward elimination method for selecting variables. RESULTS: Six typological groups of regions of the Russian Federation were identified based on the variations in the morbidity rates of the rural population across certain classes of diseases including infectious and parasitic diseases, neoplasms, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the respiratory system, digestive system, and external causes. It has been established that there was a differentiation in the regions of Russia in terms of factors influencing the morbidity rate of the rural population by the main classes of diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021. Healthcare system, medical and social factors had the greatest impact on the overall morbidity in the regions of the fourth and fifth classification groups, on the detection of some infectious and parasitic diseases in the regions of the second, fifth and sixth groups, and respiratory and digestive diseases in the third classification group. The housing quality in the regions of almost all groups was one of the most significant social factors. Economic conditions had a significant impact on the incidence of infectious and parasitic diseases in the regions of the third and sixth groups, as well as on the level of injuries and some consequences of external causes in the regions of the first and third groups. Environmental factors were significant determinants of morbidity in the regions of the fifth group. At the same time, regression analysis showed associations between selected factors for all classification groups of regions for some infectious and parasitic diseases. The smallest number of models has been defined for the incidence of neoplasms and circulatory organs. CONCLUSION: Contribution of socioeconomic, demographic, environmental and natural factors to rural public health should guide the development of policies aimed at development of rural healthcare taking into account regional characteristics.

Effectiveness of demographic policy measures in addressing population decline in contemporary Russia

Demographic policy is one of the key tasks of almost any state at the present time. It correlates with the solution of pressing problems in the economic and social spheres, directly depends on the state of healthcare, education, migration policy and other factors and directly affects the socio-economic development of both individual regions and the country as a whole. Many Russian and foreign researchers believe that demographic indicators very accurately reflect the socio-economic and political situation of the state. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that for the progressive socio-economic development of any country, positive demographic dynamics are necessary. The main sign of the negative demographic situation that has developed in modern Russia and a number of countries, primarily European, is the growing scale of depopulation (population extinction). The purpose of this work was to analyze the existing demographic policy of Russia and compare demographic trends in Russia and other countries. The work uses methods of statistical data analysis, comparison of statistical indicators of fertility, mortality, natural population decline, migration, marriage rates in Russia and the Republic of Srpska, methods of retrospective analysis, research of the institutional environment created by the action of state and national programs “Demography”, “Providing accessible and comfortable housing and public services for citizens of the Russian Federation”, “Strategy of socio-economic development for the period until 2024”, Presidential decrees, etc. Research has shown that despite measures taken to overcome the demographic crisis, Russia’s population continues to decline. According to the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (Rosstat), as of 1 January 2023, 146.45 million people lived in Russia. By 1 January 2046, according to a Rosstat forecast published in October 2023 the country’s population will decrease to 138.77 million people. To solve demographic problems in the Russian Federation, a national project “Demography” was developed and approved. The government has allocated more than 3 trillion rubles for its implementation. However, it is not possible to completely overcome the negative trend. The authors proposed a number of economic and ideological measures within the framework of agglomeration, migration, and family support policies that can be used within the framework of socio-economic development strategies and national programs aimed at overcoming the demographic crisis.

A study of composition of teaching personnel working in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools

Problem and aim. Pre-professional classes are an efficient tool of solving the task of developing innovative economy of Moscow. The quality of learning outcomes and practical skills of students enrolled in pre-professional classes depends on the qualification of teachers. The aim of this study was to analyze and identify special aspects of the composition of teaching personnel who work in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools. Materials and research methods. The study was based on the data dedicated to teachers’ education, continuous professional development, and teaching experience. The dataset included open data published on schools’ websites and the data obtained from the Department of Education and Science of Moscow. The study involved the data of 2,215 teachers from 30 Moscow’s schools. The following has been accomplished within the study: conducting consultations with experts, reviewing academic literature and regulatory documents, data processing for statistical analysis, developing indicators, statistical processing of data, integrating and interpretating the obtained data, contrastive analysis of data of 30 schools, comparative analysis of the dataset with the data by Federal State Statistics Service. Research results. A portrait of a typical teacher teaching in pre-professional classes in Moscow’s schools is the following: a teacher by first job, aged 46.9 years, with highest qualification category, often with teaching experience of 26 and more years, with experience in the current organization of less than 5 years, and with high educational attainment. Almost all teachers included in the dataset have higher education. Some teachers have accomplished a number of higher education programmes and have a PhD or a Dr. Sc. degree. Regarding higher education attainment, teachers have graduated from teacher training and non-pedagogical universities (classical, specialized) in almost equal proportion. Teachers have studied in 82 different regions of Russia and 14 foreign countries. Mostly, teachers have acquired higher education in Moscow. The less the teaching experience of teachers the higher the ratio of teachers who have obtained a degree in Moscow’s non-pedagogical universities (classical or specialized). 72.8 % of teachers have participated in in-service training programmes, while 21.8 % of teachers have been enrolled in professional retraining programmes during their career. 24 % of teachers are continuously engaged in professional development activities. Teachers have been enrolled in in-service and professional retraining programmes at more than 600 providers of continuous professional development in 67 regions of Russia and 6 foreign countries. A large proportion of professional development programmes mastered by teachers are offered by providers located in Moscow. Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the data on educational trajectories of Moscow’s teachers collected by informational systems have not been studied before. The results of the study include developing a generalized portrait of a teacher, describing higher education and continuous professional development of teachers, identifying the ratio of pedagogical and non-pedagogical majors of teachers, showcasing the geography of higher educational institutions and CPD providers. The practical value of the study includes using the obtained results as a basis for decision making in the field of CPD programme management involving teachers of pre-professional classes, developing and / or improving an analytical system of collecting and processing data dedicated to teachers’ educational trajectories.

«Демографический» фактор рождаемости: оценка потенциала территории на примере Нижегородской области

Introduction. Despite the implementation of serious measures in the framework of state family policy to stabilise the demographic situation, it remains difficult in most regions. This is due, firstly, to the new challenges the country is facing, and secondly, to the complexity of the very processes that need to be controlled. Population size, being a complex quantitative indicator of the stability of society, is determined by a number of demographic processes, among which fertility remains the main one. The number of studies attempting to identify the factors determining fertility trends is growing. All of them demonstrate the complexity and multifactorial nature of the process and the changes taking place. More and more often attention is paid to the demographic characteristics (sex-age and marriage structure) of the population as a starting point from which to begin the assessment of the territory and its reproductive potential.Nizhny Novgorod region, being a typical Russian region, has been demonstrating an unfavourable scenario of demographic situation development in recent decades. The article attempts to describe and assess the reproductive potential of the region, to identify the possibilities and limitations of fertility growth in the current conditions, based on the analysis of the ‘demographic’ factor.Materials and methods. The analysis and conclusions are based on the data of the Federal State Statistics Service on demographic processes in Russia and the region for 1990-2023 (population size, birth rate, marriage rate, divorce rate), as well as on the data of regional sociological studies on fertility and family/reproductive behaviour.Results and discussion. The results of the study provide little basis for a favourable forecast in the region. On the one hand, the sex and age structure of the population is not yet characterised by disproportion in fertile ages, except for the oldest groups. However, there is a high probability of its appearance in younger ages under current conditions. In addition, active and potential fertile groups of women are significantly smaller than older groups. The marriage structure is becoming more stable, but with a high probability of divorce, acceptability of cohabitation, and a shift of births to older groups. The studies record a persistent gap between the desired and actual number of children in different socio-demographic groups, which, from the authors' point of view, is important and requires careful research to correctly stimulate fertility.

Analysis of the medical and demographic situation in the central region of Russia in the pre-pandemic period

Introduction. According to Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) , in 2021, the Vladimir Region took 69th place among all subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of natural population growth (loss). In terms of the frequency of general morbidity over 2010, the region was the most disadvantaged in the Central Federal District; in 2017, it was at the second place. The purpose of the study is to analyze the medical and demographic situation in the Vladimir region during the pre‒pandemic period. Materials and methods. The official statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service and collections of the medical information and analytical center of the Vladimir region for 2001–2019 were used. The analysis of the main demographic indicators, as well as data on the general morbidity in children, adolescents, and adults in sixteen classes of diseases of the WHO classification (ICD-10) was carried out. Results. The population of the Vladimir Region has decreased by 192,247 people since 2001. A significant differentiation of morbidity values is shown both by different age groups and by administrative districts. Limitations of the study are usually related to the lack of access to detailed statistical information within administrative territories. The peculiarities of collecting and presenting statistical information on morbidity do not allow implementing a more detailed analysis within each age group, limited to three contingents. Conclusion. For the first time, a study of the medical and demographic situation in the Vladimir region, which developed over a nineteen-year pre-pandemic period, made it possible to establish risk territories with characteristic features of their health status.