Federal Medical Centre Research Articles

Frequency of Abdominal Wall Hernias: A Nigerian Hospital Experience

Introduction: Hernia is a very common condition in all populations, and its surgical operation constitutes a major workload for physicians worldwide. Although great numbers of these procedures are done in primary and secondary care settings as well as in private hospitals and as part of surgical missions to rural areas, a significant proportion is still present in tertiary centers. Aim: To review the pattern of external hernias operated upon in Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, over a 10-year period. Methods: The theatre records were searched for all patients who underwent surgical operations for hernia in the period of 2005–2014. The data on patient demographics, indication for surgery, and procedure performed were retrieved. Results: A total of 902 patients underwent operations for different types of external hernias. The overall male/female ratio was 2.6:1. Operations for inguinal hernia were the most common, accounting for 72.9% (658) of the total. Ventral hernias constituted 25.1% (n=227) of the cases whereas 1.5% (n = 12) of patients had femoral hernia. One hundred and twelve patients (12.4%) had emergency surgery, of which 78 were for inguinal hernia. Mesh repair was started in 2009 and was utilized in 72 (8%) cases. Laparoscopic method of repair was used in only two patients. Conclusion: The pattern of operation for hernia in our center mirrors the experience in other local centers. Modern methods of repair are gaining ground.

Knowledge and perception of nosocomial infections among patients in a Nigerian hospital

Nosocomial infections are infections that are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients, and can lead to higher healthcare costs and longer hospital stays in both developed and developing countries. The objectives of the study were to identify the level of knowledge and perception of patients on nosocomial infection, and to determine the factors affecting the knowledge and perception of patients on nosocomial infection in Federal Medical Centre, Ebute-Metta, Lagos (FMC). A cross-sectional research design was used in carrying out the research among in-patients of FMC where an interview-based semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Patients’ knowledge was categorised as good (≥ 70% score), fair (50–69%) and poor (< 50% score) while perception was grouped as positive and negative. Independent sample T-test and One-way Analysis of Variance was used to assess statistical difference in knowledge scores between categorical variables with 2 and 3 groups respectively. A total of 102 patients gave consent to participate in this study of which 46.1% were male, 27.5% were aged between 38 and 47 years and 69.6% were married. About 24% did not know what is meant by nosocomial infections while 53.9% stated that all hospital-acquired infections are preventable. Less than 19% strongly disagreed that making alcohol rubs mandatory for all visitors would decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections while all strongly agreed that if left untreated, such infections can become life-threatening. Overall, 15.7% showed good knowledge while most patients showed fair knowledge (71.6%) and a negative perception (51%) of nosocomial infections. There was a significant difference in patients’ knowledge of nosocomial infections based on age (0.012). There was also a statistically significant association between age and perception of patients towards nosocomial infections (p = 0.031). This study showed that most patients had fair knowledge as well as negative perception towards nosocomial infections. Age, had an influence on patients’ perception and knowledge of nosocomial infection.

Self-Efficacy Toward Release and Transfer in a Women’s Federal Medical Center: An Ethnographic Analysis of a Prisoner’s Blog

Self-Efficacy Toward Release and Transfer in a Women’s Federal Medical Center: An Ethnographic Analysis of a Prisoner’s Blog

Towards Optimizing Caesarean Section: Robson Ten Group Analysis of Caesarean Section and It’s Determinants in a Tertiary Hospital in South-South, Nigeria

Background: To optimize caesarean section (CS), Robson classification is useful for audit of CS rates within and across hospitals and regions. Valid conclusions are also possible by analyzing other characteristics of parturients that determine CS rates based on Robson groups. This study aimed to analyzed CS rate and determine the impact of parturients’ age and booking status on delivery by CS based on Robson classification. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study that classified parturients into Robson 10-groups using data from hospital records at the Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa (FMCY) in Bayelsa State, south-south, Nigeria. The dependent variable was mode of delivery. The independent variables were parturients’ age and booking status by Robson group. The study instrument was a predesigned spreadsheet used to collect real-time relevant data on all deliveries from patients’ hospital records. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Chi-square, Exact test and logistic regression were used to determine association of parturients’ age and booking status with mode of delivery. Level of significance was p &lt;0.05. Results: There were 556 deliveries during the study period and 269 CSs, giving a CS rate of 48.4%. Robson group 3 made the highest (27.9%) contribution to CS rate, followed by group 10 (22.3%), 5 (13.8%) and 1 (11.2%). The commonest indication for CS was cephalopelvic disproportion, followed by severe preeclampsia. Booked parturients in Robson groups 1 and 3 had 61.0% reduced odd (OR= 0.39; 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.99; p = 0.050) and 74.8% reduced odd (OR= 0.25; 95% CI= 0.14 to 0.45; p &lt; 0.001) of delivery by CS, respectively. Conclusion: The CS rate at the FMCY was contributed largely by group 3, 10, 5 and 1 parturients. Using Robson classification, CS rate can be focused to targeted intervention to optimize CS. Keywords: caesarean section rate, hospital, Robson classification, Robson 10-group. Correspondence: Olakunle Ifeoluwa Makinde. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Email: olakunleife@gmail.com. Mobile: +2348032136315.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among women attending antenatal clinic in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria

Introduction: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at an increased risk of adverse perinatal and maternal morbidities and mortalities. Hence, early detection and management of this condition is vital to ensure a good outcome for both mother and baby. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for GDM among antenatal attendees in Federal Medical Centre Gusau (FMCG), Zamfara state, Nigeria. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Screening was done between 24 and 28-weeks gestational age with a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Plasma glucose measurements was performed using the glucose oxidase method. GDM was diagnosed according to the 2013 WHO diagnostic criteria. Data were collected using a proforma and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26. Descriptive data were presented in frequency tables. Statistical testing using Chi-square, and multivariate analysis (Odd ratio and CI) were carried out with a level of significance set as P&lt; 0.05. Results: One hundred and thirty-six women between the gestational ages of 24-28 weeks were recruited. The mean age of the participants was 25.9±5.4 years. The prevalence of GDM was found to be 16.9%. Fasting blood glucose alone correctly diagnosed 87% of the patients. Previous history of macrosomic babies (≥4kg) and history of GDM in previous pregnancies were significantly associated with GDM. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM is high among antenatal attendees in Federal Medical center, Gusau.

Antimalarial Effects of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica and Ocimum gratissimum, and Their Histologic Effects on Some Organs (Liver, Kidney and Heart) of Plasmodium berghei Infected Albino Mice

Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Ociumum gratissimum (clove Basil) have long been employed locally for the management of malaria. The present study compared antimalaria activities of the ethanolic leaf extracts of the individual plants, and assessed their combined effects on some organs of malaria-infected mice, at the Parasitology and Histopathology units, Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owerri, from January to March, 2021. The leaves of the different plants were extracted with absolute ethanol (BDL 95%) for the test. Clean albino mice were experimentally infected intraperitoneally with chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei NK65 strain. Parasitaemia level was determined before parasite inoculation and at 24 hours post treatment period. Histopathological study on the liver, kidney, and heart was carried out using the Paraffin Setions method. Extracts of the leaves were administered orally, while chloroquine administration was intramuscular. The efficacy of the leaf extracts was tested on the P. berghei infected albino mice using the 4-day curative test. The lethal median dose (LD50) recorded for neem and clove basil leaf extracts were 31.62 and 1246.9 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Significant activity against the parasite was produced by infected mice treated with extracts of A. indica and O. gratissimum, and their combinations throughout the treatment period (P&lt;.05). Highest reduction of parasitaemia was observed on day 4. Maximum parasitaemia reduction (78.65%) was attained with 30mg/kg of the combined extracts on the 7th day. Mild pathological lesions were observed in mice treated with A. indica leaf extract. These observations indicate better anti-malaria activity of the combination therapy as compared with the individual extracts of A. indica and O. grassimum, and indicate good antimalarial and protective roles of the plant extracts on the parasitized mice at large, as it slows down development of resistance.

Evaluation Of haematological parameters including prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of patients on antiretroviral therapy in federal medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa state, northcentral Nigeria

Background: Haematological parameters including prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of HIV/AIDS patients on Anti Retroviral Therapy may be a manifestation of disease suppression and / or side effects of drugs. Objective: This study evaluated the haematological parameters including prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time of adults HIV/AIDS patients on ART and compared with the negative control groups at Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nasarawa State. Materials and Methods: This was a case - control study involving consented 73 tests on ART and 73 HIV negative individuals who were recruited through systematic random sampling technique. Semi- structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to evaluate their socio demographic characteristics. Venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for the above haematological, PT and APTTK parameters using Sysmex KX21 automated analyze and manual method respectively. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as statistical significant. Results: The mean age and standard deviation of the tests and the control groups was 3.30± 10.40 years and 36.20 ± 11.70 years respectively. There were more females in both the tests (64.8%) and the control groups (56.2%) than male. The study showed a statistical significant higher leucopenia (17.8%) and neutropenia (20.5%) on the tests as compared with the control groups while anemia (45.1%) was the commonest haematological abnormalities observed in the tests on ART. The results of the clotting profile showed that thrombocytopenia (26.0%), APTT (53.4%) and PT (34.2%) were significantly more prevalent in the tests compared with the control group (P&lt;0.05). There were Leucopenia, Neutropenia, Anemia, Thrombocytopenia and abnormalities in PT and APTT of the tests as compared to the control groups. Conclusion: The results showed that participants on ART had haematological abnormalities as compared to the control group. This may guide the stake holders on appropriate decision towards better management of the patients.

EFFECT OF COVID-19 ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE, ASABA, DELTA STATE

Human history has witnessed great ruptures that have affected all societies in different periods of time. Depressions and crises such as wars, natural disasters (famine, earthquake, fire, climate irregularities, among others.). The descriptive statistics was employ in the study were a structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the target respondent who were the employees of Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State. The broad objective is to investigate the effect of Covid-19 on human capital development in Federal Medical Centre; Asaba, Delta State. The population of the study was 420, which Taro Yamene was used to arrive at the sample size of 204. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The findings revealed that the telework has significant effect on employee work skill in FMC Asaba; Zoom has significant effect on job knowledge of employees in FMC, Asaba. However, social distancing has negative and significant effect on job competence of employees in FMC, Asaba. Based on the findings, the following recommendations were made; The disease has already killed thousands of people, and some people who survive may suffer long-term damage to their health. Recovery from the pandemic will require strong investment in both education and health.&#x0D; Keywords: Telework, Social Distancing, Zoom, Skills, Knowledge and Competence.

Health statistics indicators as a factor in accounting for occupational morbidity

Introduction When analyzing the risk of the impact of harmful factors on the health of employees, some researchers explain the low incidence of occupational diseases in Russia by errors in their detection during preventive examinations, lack of interest of employers and employees in the detection and registration of these diseases, and other reasons. At the same time, we did not find any works in the literature devoted to errors in coding of diagnoses of occupational diseases and their registration.The purpose of the work is to identify the cause of poor accounting of occupational diseases in Russia.Materials and methods The work was carried out on the basis of the Industrial Register of persons with occupational diseases. The registry was developed by the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biological Center and has been in commercial operation since 2011. As of 31.12.2020, the register contains information about 2 300 patients with occupational diseases from among the employees of enterprises and organizations served by the health care institutions of FMBA of Russia. Directive documents on identification and registration of occupational diseases were analyzed.Results and discussion Analysis of the health of the working contingent and the subsequent creation of plans for medical and rehabilitation measures to reduce the incidence of occupational diseases among persons working at enterprises and organizations that are on dispensary registration in health care institutions of FMBA of Russia, requires knowledge of correct morbidity indicators about them. For this purpose, it is necessary to improve the registration of occupational diseases in Russia by switching to the diagnosis coding system adopted in the country’s sanitary statistics, and to make appropriate changes in policy documents.Conclusion One of the reasons for errors in recording occupational diseases is the violation of classification principles in the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No 417n.

Perception of Clinical Students on the Care of HIV Positive Patients: A Study of Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State

Background: Perception of (Nursing, Medicine and Medical Laboratory) Students on the care of HIV positive patient is a concern for nurse educators and staffs in facilities where students are posted to and it has the potential to greatly influence the quality of patient care and thus the overall image of the profession and even health workers, thus this is a study on the perception of students on the care of HIV positive patients in Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to show the importance of student’s perception and care for HIV positive patients which will either lead to facilitating the healing of the HIV positive patient. As promulgated by the American Journal of health promotion since 1986. Therefore, it is essential that health workers, including students in training who are agents of health promotion to patients including HIV positive patients have a role to play in facilitating the healing process of HIV positive patients and at such should be well informed about the disease and measures of caring for patients with the disease. Hence the need for this study. Methodology: the study utilized questionnaire of 21 questions which is sectioned into four (i.e. A-D) with section A consisting of 6 questions, section B, 9 question, section C, 3 questions and section D, 5 questions. These questions was distributed to 120 respondents comprising of nursing, medicine and medical Laboratory students doing their posting at Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Data were collected and analysed using tables with a simple calculation of frequencies and percentages. Results: The results from the study revealed that student nurses, medicine students and medical laboratory students have a variety of perception about HIV and AIDS problem. Majority of the students stigmatize AIDS patients as they felt uncomfortable and afraid when caring for patients with HIV/AIDS. They fear infection through accidental pricks. Conclusion: Hospitals should also provide adequate protection for students and staff so that students do not fear handling HIV and AIDS patients. There is need for continuous and particularly HIV and AIDS awareness programs to inculcate in them the importance of taking precautionary measures to avoid been infected with the virus. Keywords: Clinical students, HIV/AID, FMC, Questionnaire, perception.

Building Business Performance on Green Business Strategy in South-South Nigeria

The study examined the effect of the Green Business strategy on the Business performance of SMEs in South-South Nigeria. The general objective of this study was to investigate the effect of human resource planning on the organizational performance of Federal Medical Center Asaba. The specific objectives of the study were to (i) Ascertain the effect of the Green Innovation Strategy on Business performance among SMEs in Delta State, (ii) Determine the influence of the Environmental Orientation Strategy on Business performance among SMEs in Delta State and (iii) Evaluate the impact of Green Product Differentiation on Business performance among SMEs in Delta State. The target population of the study was 202 employees of selected SMEs in South-South Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive research design method, and a simple random sampling procedure was used to select the sample size of 202 employees which was 100% of the target population. The questionnaire was used as a tool for collecting primary data. The reliability of the instrument was censured by the test-retest method, while the validity of the instrument was censured by seeking the opinion of research professionals in the field of management sciences. Collected data was analyzed by use of weighted averages and percentages then presented information of frequency tables and charts and hypotheses were tested by adopting multiple regression analysis to determine the effect between the dependent and independent variable. Findings from the study revealed that the dimensions of Green Business Strategy (Green Innovation Strategy, Environmental Orientation Strategy, and Green Product Differentiation) identified in this study is majorly determinant of business performance. The study concluded Green innovation is the integration of the internal intellectual capital of a business with the concept of sustainability. Green innovation is a solution to answer public concerns over global environmental issues. Therefore, for organizations to become more productive and remain in business, especially in this era of increased global competitiveness and growing complexity of the work environment, when they tend to imbibe the proactiveness of green business strategy.

Prevalence of Enterobacteria Species in Different Hospital Wards of a Tertiary Health Facility in Imo State, Nigeria

Aim: to assess the prevalence of Enterobacteria species in different hospital wards in a healthcare outfit in Imo State, Nigeria. Study Design: The randomized complete block sampling design was adopted for the study. Place and Duration of the Study: Sample: Imo State University Teaching Hospital, Federal Medical Centre, Owerri, Aboh-Mbaise General Hospital, and Imo State Specialist Hospital. Between May to October, 2021. Methodology: Using Cochran formula, a total of 360 samples were collected for the study from bedpan, ward floor, bed cover, and staff gloves, at maternity, ICU, and surgical theatre wards. Sample were collected by swabbing the surfaces using sterile swab sticks soaked in saline water. Following standard microbiological procedures, which include bacteria culturing in MacConkey agar to select for Enterobacteria, subculturing on salmonella-shigella agar and cetrimide agar to obtain pure cultures of specific bacteria species; the samples were subjected to morphological, and biochemical characterization. The prevalence was determined and compared for significance (P = .05). Results: The investigation showed the presence of Escherichia coli (29%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.84%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.11%), and Shigella species (19.05%), in all the outfits investigated, with their percentage occurrences. The wards floor showed the highest number of Enterobacteria species (38.96%) while the staff gloves showed the least (9.96%). Based on the wards investigated, surgical theatre showed the highest prevalence rate (20.25±6.55) and ICU had the least prevalence rate (17.75±5.63). The prevalence pattern of Enterobacteria species were significantly (P = .01) dependent on the healthcare outfits. The prevalence pattern between the hospital wards was not significant (P = .59) and there was no significant interaction between the hospital wards and hospital equipment (P = .84). Conclusion: Enterobacteria species was present in the healthcare outfits (bed pan, ward floor, bed cover and staff gloves). Its prevalence is dependent on these hospital outfits but not influenced by the wards or the interaction between wards and hospital outfits.

The study of shielding design parameter (thickness) in two health tertiary institutions in Katsina Metropolis, Nigeria

The safety of the patient is of highest importance during diagnostic imaging which uses various forms of ionizing radiations mainly photons (x-rays and gamma rays). Both the patient and personnel working in the diagnostic facility may be exposed to unintentional source of radiations during diagnostic imaging. This study was conducted at the Federal Medical Center, Katsina and General Amadi Rimi Specialist Hospital, Katsina to assess the shielding adequacy of the barriers required to attenuate the intensity of X-ray to recommended limit. The National Council on Radiation Protection and measurement (NCRP), Report No 147 was used to evaluate the shielding barriers of the radiographic rooms in the two facilities. Calculation was done using the number of patients (N), occupancy factor (T), Design dose limit (P) and the distance to the occupied area (controlled and uncontrolled area). The result shows that the room area meets the recommendation of Nigeria Nuclear Regulatory Agency (NNRA) of at least 16 m2 and the shielding requirement for the primary barrier is slightly higher than secondary barrier of each room. The calculated shielding requirement for the primary barrier of room I, room II and room III of Federal Medical Center, Katsina and room IV of General Amadi Rimi Specialist Hospital, Katsina are 0.59 mm, 0.46 mm, 0.36 mm and 0.48 mm respectively. The maximum calculated shielding requirement for the secondary barriers in room I, room II, and room III of Federal Medical Center, Katsina and room IV of General Amadi Rimi Specialist Hospital, Katsina are 0.55 mm, 0.48 mm, 0.63 mm and 0.48 mm respectively. The ratio of the calculated to current material thickness is less than one (&lt;1) for all the rooms.This indicates that the shielding barriers in the facilities are adequate. Hence, can accommodate future increase in the number of patients examined in the diagnostic rooms per week.

Factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus comorbidity among adult patients: a retrospective clinical audit of a medical centre in Abuja, Nigeria

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder of metabolism in which an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin results in hyperglycemia leading to acute and chronic complications. Over the years, the issue of incidences of DM in different regions of the globe has become a huge public health problem, especially in cases of patients with comorbidity conditions. These conditions have made the treatment and management of DM extremely difficult, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where there are weak health systems. Methods This study was a retrospective study based on the record review of 162 patients receiving care at Federal Medical Centre, Jabi Abuja. Using the electronic medical records, key variables of interest were extracted, and the effects of comorbid conditions on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were determined. Results The summary results revealed that the incidence of T2DM was approximately 107(66.1%) had T2DM, while about 159 (98.2%) out of the 162 patients with one or more other diseases had T2DM. There were more female patients, 97(59.9%) with cases of DM than male patients. Patients aged 40-69 years have more prevalence cases of DM (73.5%), with those engaging in businesses or trading common in this category (29.63%). Most of these patients had Hypertension as a comorbid condition 110(67.9). The results based on the logistic model showed that patients with concordant comorbid conditions are 2.11 times more likely to develop T2DM. The Bayesian logistic regression model revealed a positive association between gender and comorbidity; the male patients were 1.65 times more likely to develop comorbidity, and patients with a smoking history were 1.56 times more likely to develop comorbidity. T2DM was not associated with systolic blood pressure. Conclusions This present study provides elaborate details on incidences of DM and associated comorbidity conditions in the study area and its environs. A Bayesian model seems to be more accurate than conventional logistic regression based on the present findings. This, in turn, could be used to formulate health policies geared towards effective management, control and prevention of DM of any kind and community sensitization on DM in Nigeria.

Efficacy of Nigerian Local Honey on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Infected Wound among Genders in Federal Medical Center, Bayelsa

Efficacy of Nigerian Local Honey on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Infected Wound among Genders in Federal Medical Center, Bayelsa

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey on Body Posture Among Healthcare Workers in Federal Medical Centre Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

Background: Health-care Professionals are constantly exposed to work-related musculoskeletal disorders which bring about deleterious effects on their well-being. A better understanding of ergonomic risk factors and appropriate working posture are important in overcoming various musculoskeletal disorders commonly reported among health care workers. Good posture can lead to good appearance; poise, integrity, and dignity. Aims and objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge of body posture, attitude towards good posture and practice patterns for posture among health care health care professionals. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional survey recruited 136 health care professionals from Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, South Western Nigeria. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. Informed consent of all participants was sought and obtained after the rationale behind the study has been explained to them. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Good Posture among the participants. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics of percentage and frequency tables. Results: 66(48.5%) were males while 70(51.5%) were females. 24.3% of the respondents are Doctors; 36.8% Nurses; 7.4% Pharmacists; 8.8% Radiologists; 10.3% Dentists; MLS 8.8% and Optometrists 3.7%. The result also showed that 63.2% of the participants had good knowledge of good posture. 89% positive attitude towards good posture, while only 27.9% had good practice of good posture. Conclusion: Majority of Health Care Professionals in this study demonstrated adequate knowledge of good posture and positive attitude towards good posture. However, only one-quarter of the participants demonstrated good practice of good posture in their day-to-day activities which shows that good knowledge and attitudes does not always translate into good practice.

Factors Influencing Nursing Process by Nurses at Federal Medical Centre, Apir, Benue State, Nigeria

Many countries have adopted the nursing process as a basic requirement for quality health care services, but there is a problem with its implementation in the clinical areas of many healthcare facilities. Even though the generality of nurses agrees with the benefits of the nursing process, they do not always use it practically. The implementation of the nursing process in Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Apir is not well organized and advanced as it ought to be. An institutional-based, descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted at FMC Apir. A simple random sampling technique was applied to select study subjects. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Binary logistic regressions were used. Then, P-value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. This study reviled that 62.8% of nurses implemented the nursing process. Work experience greater than or equal to five years [AOR: 1.81; 95% CI (1.29–4.81)], support from the administration of the organization to do the nursing process [AOR: 1.96; 95% CI (1.20–3.03)], and knowledgeable nurses [AOR: 2.21; 95% CI (1.30–4.98)] are significantly associated with the implementation of the nursing process. Exactly sixty-two nurses at FMC Apir implemented the nursing process. Work experience, organizational support to implement the nursing process, and knowledge were significant factors affecting the implementation of the nursing process.

Level of Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Healthcare Workers in A Tertiary Health Institution in Southwestern Nigeria

Background: Healthcare workers are physically and mentally burdened due to frequent work shifts rotation, demanding tasks, together with family-related issues which limit their participation in planned physical activity program. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate healthcare workers’ levels of Physical activity and their Quality of Life. Methods: 62 healthcare workers from Federal Medical Center, Owo, Nigeria participated in this study. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institution’s Health Research Ethics Committee before the commencement of the study. Data was Obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the WHOQoL-BREF. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics of percentages and frequency while inferential statistics Chi square test and Mann Whiteney U test was used for the test of significance. Alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: High prevalence (51.5%) of low level of physical activity was observed among health care workers. There was no significant difference between age (X2 =0.404, p&gt;0.05); gender (X2= 0.554, p&gt;0.05); work category (X2=0.841, p&gt;0.05) BMI (X2= 0.632, p&gt;0.05) and the three categories of physical activity. A significant difference was observed in the overall QoL between male and female respondents (U= 249.500, p=0.002). Similarly, there was a significant difference in Overall QoL between workers in clinical department and workers in administration department (U=260.000, p=0.002). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of low level of physical activity among health workers. The increase clinical workload among health workers probably contributed to low level of physical activity and QoL among health workers in core clinical departments.

Состояние костномозгового кроветворения у больных хронической лучевой болезнью, облученных с различной мощностью дозы

Purpose: to study the features of the state of the bone marrow according to cytological and histological studies at different periods of the course of CRD, caused by exposure to different dose rates, which developed as a result of professional prolonged exposure in a cohort of former employees of a radiation hazardous enterprise who underwent inpatient examination at the clinic of the A.I. Burnazyan Federal Medical and Biomedical Center in the period up to 1995. Material and methods: the study of the results of cytological and histological studies of the bone marrow was carried out in former workers of the Mayak Production Association who were exposed to long-term industrial exposure with a dose rate of 0.008−0.07 Gy / day (15 people), 0.003−0.007 Gy / day (12 people) and less than 0.001 Gy/day (25 people), during periods of formation, outcomes, immediate and long-term consequences of CRS. At the stage of studying the results of histological examination of the bone marrow, 54 more patients with CRS were added to the third group, irradiated with a dose rate of less than 0.001 Gy / day. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package.23 using the Kruskal‒Wallis test and the Mann‒Whitney U-test for independent samples. The results obtained were considered statistically significant at p &lt; 0.05. Results: At a dose rate of 0.008−0.07 Gy / day during the formation period, the myelogram revealed narrowing of the granulocyte and expansion of the red germs, acceleration of maturation of granulocytes with a normal erythrocyte maturation index and leuko-erythroblast ratio. In peripheral blood – agranulocytosis. In the period of outcomes and immediate consequences − narrowing of the granulocytic, expansion of erythrocyte germs, acceleration of maturation of neutrophils with other myelogram parameters within normal limits. In the blood − agranulocytosis, anemic syndrome. In the long term, in the case of restoration of hematopoietic function, narrowing of the granulocytic germ with other myelogram parameters within the reference values. However, with a similar course of CRS in 60 % of patients in periods of outcomes and long-term consequences, the development of myelodysplastic syndrome with transformation into acute leukemia or aplastic anemia is possible. At an irradiation dose rate of 0.003−0.007 Gy / day in the period of CRD formation, the myelogram revealed an expansion of the granulocytic germ, with other indicators within the normal range. In the period of outcomes and immediate consequences, an acceleration of maturation of granulocytes and an increase in the leuko-erythroblastic ratio were found. In the long term, a narrowing of the granulocytic and expansion of the erythrocyte sprouts, a slight acceleration of the maturation of granulocytes were found. Hystological examination: polymorphocellular bone marrow – in 11 out of 25 patients, hypoplasia – in 9 out of 25, signs of hyperplasia – in 5 out of 25. In the long term, 2 patients from this group developed oncohematological diseases. At an irradiation power of less than 0.001 Gy / day, during all periods of CRD, normal values of granulocytic and erythrocyte sprouts were noted in the myelograms of patients. In the period of CRD formation, the normal size of the granulocytic germ was achieved due to the accelerated maturation of neutrophils. The leuko-erythroblastic ratio in the period of long-term consequences was significantly higher than the norm (5.29 and 4.5, respectively). Hystological examination: 32 out of 64 patients had polymorphocellular bone marrow, 22 out of 64 had hypoplastic bone marrow, 7 out of 64 had bone marrow hyperplasia. Conclusion: regular changes in hematopoietic tissue and peripheral blood in CRD can serve as diagnostic criteria, based on which it is possible to assume the dose rate of radiation to which the patient was exposed, and also on their basis, it is possible to predict the outcome and long-term consequences of CRD that developed as a result of this exposure.

Current Status of Microsporidium Among Hospitalised Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) Infected Patients, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria

Current Status of Microsporidium Among Hospitalised Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS) Infected Patients, Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria