Federal Armed Forces Research Articles

Benchmarking for water supply services focussing administration

In the discussion of fees for water supply services, companies are increasingly searching for effective measures to improve their economic management. Benchmarking is a management tool to identify room for improvement in undertakings. Focussing the processes in a water supply service can show measures to enhance the company's activities. A pilot project at the University of the Federal Armed Forces Munich was started in 2001 to test the method of Process-Benchmarking with two German water supply services. Therefore a system methodology was designed for water supply services with drinking water dams. Afterwards the systematic was successfully tested by implementing the companies' data. The administration of these undertakings was especially focussed in this project because it is a very large part of a company in respect to the employees and the amount of the expenses and its work has effects on all other parts. Room for improvements could be found for both water supply services and measures were designed to be implemented. The analysis of the administration in the described project was beneficial to raise the companies' efficiency. It showed that this method can be useful and is important for any other field of activity, too.

Intensive care within the context of military long-distance transport

Due to the changed task spectrum of the German Federal Armed Forces with participation in international deployments for UN and NATO the concept of Aeromedical Evacuation (MedEvac) gained a new quality for the Air Force as well as for the Medical Corps. The transport of mostly severely injured or critically ill patients requires both, medical equipment which has to be permanently adapted to the national standard, and qualified intensive-care-personnel. At present, the aircrafts used for such deployments are four C-160 Transall, one CL-601 Challenger and two Airbus A310, which, if necessary, can be equipped with one or more intensive-care "patient transportation units" (PTU). Contrary to the two other aircrafts, the CL-601 Challenger is only equipped for the intensive-care transport of one individual patient. The PTU corresponds to the technical equipment of the intensive care unit of a level-1-trauma centre and ensures an intensive-care therapy on highest level also during longer transportation. The work with this equipment, the characteristics of the long-distance air transport and the special situation of the military deployment causes special demands on the qualifications of the assigned personnel. Primarily planned for the repatriation of injured or ill soldiers, in the mean time, this concept is also essential for the medevac of civilian victims after mass casualties worldwide.

Racial Nationalism as a Paradigm in International Relations: the Kosovo Conflict as Seen by the Far Right in Germany

As the German Federal Armed Forces are becoming more involved in wars since the early 1990s, the far right in Germany strengthens its propaganda on matters of war and peace. Despite its general military‐friendly stance and high regard of soldiery, the far right in its majority is very critical toward the deployment of German troops because this use is seen as being in the interests of the United States and Israel. Therefore, anti‐Americanism as well as anti‐Semitism and racial nationalism dominate the statements of the far right that creates the self‐image of being the “real peace movement” at the same time that they favor a new hegemonic position for Germany in Europe.

Not Guilty? Another Look at the Nature and Nurture of Economics Students

In this paper, we examine students' attitudes towards various allocation mechanisms for a scarce resource. For this purpose, we have run a survey among officers of the German military who are enrolled in different courses of study (such as economics) at the University of the German Federal Armed Forces. We find that significantly more economics than non-economics students judge price increases as fair. Moreover, this tendency strengthens as economics students advance in their studies. In addition, fewer advanced economics students judge allocation through the local community as fair when compared to first-year economists or other students. These results stand in contrast to results obtained by Frey, Pommerehne and Gygi (1993) on exactly the same survey. In summary, we find evidence for both nature and nurture effects.

The treatment of necrotizing otitis externa with a combination of surgery, antibiotics, specific immunoglobulins and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Results of the Ulm Treatment Concept

Even today, necrotizing otitis externa is still a life-threatening condition. The standard treatment concepts based on antibiotic therapy, topical treatment and--if necessary--surgical debridement of necrotic tissue, remain ineffective in many cases. In advanced stages, necrotizing otitis externa can therefore be expected to result in severe functional impairment or even a fatal outcome. We describe our experience with a multimodal treatment concept that we have been using with great success at the Federal Armed Forces Hospital in Ulm since 1987. This treatment is based on four pillars: 1. Surgical debridement, 2. Use of a combination of antibiotics, and 3. Administration of specific immunoglobulins, accompanied by, 4. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy Over a period of more than 5 years 16 of the 22 patients treated on the basis of this multimodal concept remained free of recurrences. In addition, significant reductions in analgesic use and in the insulin doses needed by diabetic patients were possible. The treatment concept under scrutiny has proved particularly successful. The various modes involved and the results of this combined therapy are discussed.

Federal Armed Forces School of Dog Handling

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Using object-oriented methods in a system lifecycle process model

The paper proposes a technique of mapping an object oriented method (OMT) onto a software lifecycle process model (Development Standard for the German Federal Armed Forces Process (V-Model)). This technique is extended by the integration another established technique on the use of object oriented paradigm in system engineering. The combination of both techniques can be a preliminary step in bridging the gap between a software lifecycle development processes in software engineering and system engineering. Difficulties are discussed and perspectives for such work are presented.

Preface: Volume 50, Issue 3

IntroductionGraph Transformation and Visual Modeling Techniques - GT-VMT 2001After the success of last year in Geneva (Switzerland), also this year ICALP hosts the International Workshop on Graph Transformation and Visual Modeling Techniques (GT-VMT), held in Crete (Greece) on July 12 and 13, 2001.The success of visual modeling techniques is widely recognized in many areas and in particular in software engineering: structured analysis, Petri nets ans Statecharts are only a few “classical” notations that exploit diagrammatic reasoning to render concepts and ideas. Graphical notations are assuming even increasing importance in software engineering with the wide adoption of UML (Unified Modeling Language), as the standard notation for developing almost any kind of software systems, and coordination languages for describing software architectures and distributed systems.All these languages come with clear and well-defined graphical syntaxes, but lack precise approaches for formalizing these concepts and reasoning on their semantics. The last-year workshop has already proven the suitability of Graph Grammars and Graph Transformation to express these concepts; this year, the workshop aims at fostering their central role and disseminating their capabilities and potentialities in other communities, which already use graphs and diagrammatic reasoning, but do not master the necessary technical foundations. This is why the workshop aims at making “technology providers”, that is, experts in graphs and graph transformation, work together with “potential customers”, that is, users of diagrammatic reasoning. It is a good opportunity to try to collate the different viewpoints and find sound solutions to well-known problems.The Program Committee selected twelve contributions by researchers from several different countries: Belgium, Brazil, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and USA. Selected contributions are both methodological and practical, that is, they try to both improve available technology and apply it to concrete examples. The program includes also two invited talks by Hartmut Ehrig (TU Berlin, Germany) and Andy Schuerr (University of the German Federal Armed Forces, Germany).The organizers want to thank Hartmut Ehrig for proposing to organize the workshop, the whole Program Committee for their hard and valuable work, and Christos D. Zaroliagis for the constant support provided while organizing the meeting.July 2001 Gabriele Taentzer, Luciano Baresi, and Mauro PezzéProgram Committee•Luciano Baresi (Politecnico di Milano, Italy)•Andrea Corradini (University of Pisa, Italy)•Gregor Engels (University of Paderborn, Germany)•Robert France (Colorado State University, USA)•Reiko Heckel (University of Paderborn, Germany)•Hans-Joerg Kreowski (University of Bremen, Germany)•Francesco Parisi Presicce (University of Roma, Italy)•Mauro Pezzé (University of Milano, Bicocca, Italy)•Gregor Rozenberg (Universiteit Leiden, Netherlands)•Gabriele Taentzer (TU Berlin, Germany)

Defence reform in Germany

Germany’s independent defence-reform commission is due to present much-heralded recommendations for a comprehensive overhaul of the Federal Armed Forces. There is widespread agreement on the need for a thorough overhaul of the military. But opposition to the idea of abolishing conscription is entrenched. Defence Minister Rudolf Scharping has repeatedly made clear that he disagrees with large-scale troop cuts or garrison closures. It is therefore unlikely that radical, comprehensive restructuring will be carried out.

Using Object Oriented Methods in a System Lifecycle Process Model

The paper proposes a technique of mapping an object oriented method (OMT) onto a software lifecycle process model (Development Standard for the German Federal Armed Forces Process (V-Model)). This technique is extended by the integration another established technique on the use of object oriented paradigm in system engineering. The combination of both techniques can be a preliminary step in bridging the gap between a software lifecycle development processes in software engineering and system engineering. Difficulties are discussed and perspectives for such work are presented.

Robust Design

ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und MechanikVolume 79, Issue S1 p. 53-53 Article Robust Design Prof. Dr. H. A. Eschenauer, Prof. Dr. H. A. Eschenauer FOMAAS, University of Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. K. Marti, Prof. Dr. K. Marti Federal Armed Forces University Munich, D-85577 Neubiberg/München, GermanySearch for more papers by this author Prof. Dr. H. A. Eschenauer, Prof. Dr. H. A. Eschenauer FOMAAS, University of Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. K. Marti, Prof. Dr. K. Marti Federal Armed Forces University Munich, D-85577 Neubiberg/München, GermanySearch for more papers by this author First published: 18 March 2011 https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19990791314AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume79, IssueS1Supplement: Minisymposia University of Bremen, Germany April 6-9, 19981999Pages 53-53 RelatedInformation

Results from geodetic measurements in the western part of the African–Eurasian plate boundary

Since 1988 the Astronomical Observatory (University of Porto) and the Institute for Geodesy and Navigation (University of the Federal Armed Forces, Munich) have been involved in a common project to establish and maintain a high precision geodetic network in the area of the Azores triple junction, along the Western boundary of the Eurasian plate. The network has stations on three of the main plates — North American, Eurasian and African. This is a long-term project, with planned re-observations every three years. First epoch measurements were done in 1988, using the Global Positioning System (GPS). A second GPS campaign was conducted in 1991, during which the network was enlarged to include more stations on the African plate in order to monitor also the Azores–Gibraltar plate boundary. Further strength of the network was obtained by the establishment, in 1992, of a gravimetric network in the Azores archipelago; the gravimetric network comprises two absolute stations and relative measurements on all the nine islands of the archipelago. Re-observation campaigns, with GPS and gravity measurements, took place in 1993 and 1994. This paper focuses on comparison of the GPS results achieved in the different campaigns. Annual values for point displacement, direction and magnitude, are computed for some of the stations and analyzed in light of the results derived from geological and geophysical data interpretation. Our preliminary geodetic results show ocean spreading across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at rates consistent with those determined from 3MY averages (NUVEL-1). In addition, there is marginal evidence for a leaky transform boundary transversing the central Azores islands. Possible directions for future research on the dynamics of this plate boundary are also presented.

Measurements of critical shear stress in sewers

Critical shear stress of sediment located in a grit chamber and in a sewer was determined in full-scale by a measuring device constructed in the laboratory of the Institute of Hydrosciences at the Federal Armed Forces University, Munich. The estimation of critical shear stress is actually based on the measurement of the corresponding critical water discharge. Incipient motion was recorded by a video camera and the recorded pictures were treated by an automatic image processing system. The measurement results were compared with data taken from the literature. A good agreement between measurements and literature data was obtained. The automatic image processing contributes to a more objective quantification of the sediment transport initiation.

Computer-Assisted Training Program for Simulation of Triage, Resuscitation, and Evacuation of Casualties

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a multimedia computer software package that has been developed for the Federal Armed Forces of Germany to train military physicians in trauma management. The program presents different groups of casualties with characteristic wounds and multiple injuries on a CD-ROM and provides many clinical options at each decision point. Automatically evaluating the decisions for accuracy, the objective of the program is to train for triage, resuscitation, and evacuation of wounded in combat under pressure of time. The computer-assisted instruction program is inexpensive and allows easily accessible self-instruction as a supplement to formal classroom training. Using this teaching software, it may be possible to teach a standardized emergency case-management algorithm for battlefield trauma. There was a high level of acceptance for this type of instruction. This is encouraging for medical educators involved in producing multimedia packages for teaching emergency medicine.

Organization of the Emergency Medical Services of the German Federal Armed Forces in the Former Yugoslavia During SFOR Mission

Organization of the Emergency Medical Services of the German Federal Armed Forces in the Former Yugoslavia During SFOR Mission

Lean label for an (Un)structured strategy in the federal republic of Germany: A Japanese management approach and its compatibility to German companies

The International ExecutiveVolume 37, Issue 5 p. 467-483 Article Lean label for an (Un)structured strategy in the federal republic of Germany: A Japanese management approach and its compatibility to German companies Dipl.-Kffr. Christine Autenrieth, Dipl.-Kffr. Christine Autenrieth Senior research assistant at the University of the Federal Armed Forces, 22039 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorDipl.-Kffr. Petra Pfeiffer, Dipl.-Kffr. Petra Pfeiffer Personnel management assistant at Hamburgische Landesbank, 20095 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this author Dipl.-Kffr. Christine Autenrieth, Dipl.-Kffr. Christine Autenrieth Senior research assistant at the University of the Federal Armed Forces, 22039 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this authorDipl.-Kffr. Petra Pfeiffer, Dipl.-Kffr. Petra Pfeiffer Personnel management assistant at Hamburgische Landesbank, 20095 Hamburg, GermanySearch for more papers by this author First published: September/October 1995 https://doi.org/10.1002/tie.5060370504AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume37, Issue5September/October 1995Pages 467-483 RelatedInformation

Interaction of vehicle and terrain results from 10 years research at IKK

The IKK research program comprises: • ⊎ experimental evaluation of terrain data and formulation of analytical models for soil properties • ⊎ development of models for the different soil-wheel interactions • ⊎ development of a highly sophisticated model, ORIS, for off-road interactive simulation of the driver-vehicle-terrain system and the utilization for vehicle development and mission optimization • ⊎ development of finite element methods, e.g. VENUS, and their utilization for multiple terramechanical problems. With these achievements, the team of scientists of the Institute of Automotive Engineering of the University of the Federal Armed Forces, Hamburg (IKK) could contribute essentially to the state of the art. It is the nature of scientific development that problems are recognized to be important and treated by several institutions in the world often at the same time. Also, in the case of the IKK research program, some problems may have been investigated in parallel by others. This indicates the actuality of the research program, and gives the chance for discussion and cooperation between the different scientific groups in the world, to ensure the dissemination of new pieces of knowledge.

Country survey III — Defence spending in West Germany

This survey article deals with defence spending in West Germany from 1960 on, and the resulting manpower levels and major weapons of the Federal Armed forces, focusing on macro‐economic aspects. Statistics compiled from a variety of published and unpublished sources are presented in 16 tables. An econometric defence‐spending function is derived for the period. For comparison, the equivalent data of East Germany from the last years is also presented. The small set of developments in the next few years that can be predicted firmly are discussed.

INTRODUCTION OF A RESCUE HELICOPTER SERVICE IN KENYA - EXPERIENCES FROM A WORKSHOP AT NAIROBI

Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Federal Armed Forces Medical Center at Ulm, Germany.

A four colours line grid schlieren method for quantitative flow measurement

This article describes the schlieren apparatus developed at the Institut fur Luftfahrttechnik und Leichtbau (ILT, Institute of Aeronautics and Structures) for the Transonic Wind Tunnel of the Munich University of the Federal Armed Forces (TWM). Special features are the application of four separate, variously coloured beams of rays to identify the direction of density gradients and the line grids which are attached to the knife edges, in order to permit a quantitative evaluation of the amount of ray deflection and of the thermodynamical quantities.