The optical fiber corrosion sensor was applied to measure the steel corrosion based on Fe-C corrosion-sensitive metal film, the sensing principle of which was introduced. Because corrosion was a complex random phenomenon and the corrosion surface of Fe-C alloy film of the optical fiber corrosion sensor possessed fractal characteristics, the image fractal dimensions was as a quantitative index of the sensor corrosion degree. The experimental results showed that the complexity level of the sensor surface morphology increased and the optical output power increased along with the increase of fractal dimensions. Therefore, a new method was provided for the research of the optical fiber corrosion sensor.