Characteristics Of Nanostructures Research Articles

Synthesis, phase conversion and physical characteristics of mesoporous β-Ga2O3 nanostructures for catalytic applications

Herein, α-GaOOH micro/nanorods were synthesized by facile template free hydrothermal methods. These rods were converted as mesoporous β-Ga2O3 nanostructures via thermal annealing at 900 °C for 2 h. The structural analysis (XRD) reveals the presence of orthorhombic (α-GaOOH) and monoclinic (β-Ga2O3) phases (pre- and post-annealing). The surface morphology, shape, size and porous structure, growth direction and crystalline quality of the micro/nanorods are investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Interplanar spacing of 0.37 and 0.46 nm confirms that the growth is along (2 0 1) and (−2 0 1) plane, respectively. The possible growth mechanism was proposed based on the obtained micro-graphical analyses. EDX, elemental mapping and XPS analyses revealed the existence of Ga and O and their chemical states. The characteristic Raman phonon modes confirmed the monoclinic phase of β-Ga2O3. The optical absorbance edge varies between 231 nm (GaOOH) to 290 nm (β-Ga2O3). Subsequently, the band gap varies between 5.6 and 4.4 eV. PL result showed intense ultraviolet and less intense violet-blue emissions, which can be related to the defect level emission. The BET surface area analysis confirmed the mesoporous structure with pore diameter (3.97 nm) and high specific surface area (13.87 m2/g) of Ga-3. The 98 % degradation efficiency with reaction kinetic rates of k = 0.0144/min shows a good catalytic behaviour of Ga-3 catalyst against RhB dye. The results reveal that the hydrothermally grown 1-D β-Ga2O3 mesoporous nanostructures are promising candidates for designing a catalytic and other functional nanodevices.

Role of Plasmonic Antenna in Hot Carrier-Driven Reactions on Bimetallic Nanostructures.

Noble metal nanostructures can efficiently harvest electromagnetic radiation, which, in turn, is used to generate localized surface plasmon resonances. Surface plasmons decay, producing hot carriers, that is, short-lived species that can trigger chemical reactions on metallic surfaces. However, noble metal nanostructures catalyze only a very small number of chemical reactions. This limitation can be overcome by coupling such nanostructures with catalytic-active metals. Although the role of such catalytically active metals in plasmon-driven catalysis is well-understood, the mechanistics of a noble metal antenna in such chemistry remains unclear. In this study, we utilize tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, an innovative nanoscale imaging technique, to investigate the rates and yields of plasmon-driven reactions on mono- and bimetallic gold- and silver-based nanostructures. We found that silver nanoplates (AgNPs) demonstrate a significantly higher yield of 4-nitrobenzenehtiol to p,p'-dimercaptoazobisbenzene (DMAB) reduction than gold nanoplates (AuNPs). We also observed substantially greater yields of DMAB on silver-platinum and silver-palladium nanoplates (Ag@PtNPs and Ag@PdNPs) compared to their gold analogues, Au@PtNPs and Au@PdNPs. Furthermore, Ag@PtNPs exhibited enhanced reactivity in 4-mercatophenylmethanol to 4-mercaptobenzoic acid oxidation compared to Au@PtNPs. These results showed that silver-based bimetallic nanostructures feature much greater reactivity compared to their gold-based analogues.

Electron transport in a stressed moiré bigraphene structure

Within the framework of density functional theory in combination with the method of nonequilibrium Green's functions, the transport characteristics (band structure, transmission spectrum, current–voltage characteristic, and differential conductivity) of unstressed, stressed, and strongly stressed moiré bigraphene nanodevices with interlayer distances of 3.4 Å, 2.85 Å, and 1.7 Å, respectively, and consisting of two layers of graphene, where one of the layers is connected to electrodes (active graphene) and the other layer is electrically neutral (passive graphene) have been determined. It is established that, when passive graphene is twisted to certain angles before the moiré pattern is obtained (∼4° and ∼ 12°), the energy gap is opened, the value of range 1.66–1.82 eV and 3.78–4.69 eV in the unstressed state (in the stressed state 2.27–2.67 eV and 4.28–4.93 eV), respectively. It is shown that the transmission spectrum of bilayer graphene has features in the form of peak structures; with decreasing intergraphene distance these structures begin to blur and their quasiperiodic behavior is partially broken. The current–voltage characteristic of such nanostructures has areas with negative differential conductivity. Such nonlinear behavior of transport characteristics of bigraphene moiré structures can be used for the construction of electronic components of nanoelectronics on their basis.

Exploring boron nitride nanostructures for effective pyrazinamide drug delivery: A DFT study

In present investigation, interactions of pyrazinamide molecule with boron nitride nanocones (BNC), boron nitride nanosheet (BNS), and boron nitride nanotube (BNT) as nanostructures have been studied for drug delivery applications via DFT computations. For DFT computations on studied models, two phases (aqueous and gaseous) have been regarded. In both phases, a stabilized complex of nanostructures and pyrazinamide has been obtained based on adsorption energy (Eads) values. According to negative Eads value, an exothermic reaction has been observed. The hydrogen bonding has found in all complexes due to low and positive values of electron density in critical points of bond (ρr) based on the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Computations outcomes also revealed that there were weak interaction forces for successful and significant unloading of curcumin from carriers in target sites. In order to assess impact of molecular adsorption over electronic features of nanostructures, density of states (DOS) has been analyzed, and outcomes indicated that BNC was more proximate to Fermi energy compared to other nanomaterials. In gaseous phase, Eads values were greater than aqueous phase, which indicates a more robust interaction of molecules with nanostructures. Compared to other nanostructures, curcumin had stronger interaction with BNC based on Eads values. At the end of pyrazinamide adsorption, ΔEg values were – 1.17, − 0.27, and −0.19 eV for BNC, BNS, and BNT, respectively, which reveal that BNC had more sensitivity than BNS and BNT. Based on computations conducted in present work, nanostructures could potentially be employed to deliver pyrazinamide.

Nano-/Microcapsules, Liposomes, and Micelles in Polysaccharide Carriers: Applications in Food Technology

An up-to-date overview of the current state of the art of polysaccharide-based spherical particles as carriers of active/bioactive substances, with a particular emphasis on their applications in the food industry, is provided. Owing to the rapid advances in nanotechnology, much effort has been dedicated to the synthesis and potential uses of these particles. This review outlines recent research on the preparation of spherical nanoparticles, including micro-/nanoencapsulates, micelles, and liposomes, that utilise polysaccharides as carriers and stabilisers. It also discusses the potential application of these nanostructures to the field of food technology. The review aims to provide an objective assessment of the current state of research on this topic. Owing to the distinctive characteristics of spherical nanostructures and the requirement to investigate and scrutinise their potential employment in diverse aspects of the food sector, there are significant opportunities for researchers worldwide to devise innovative solutions.

Identification of dust particles on a periodic nanostructured substrate using scanning electron microscope imaging

Dust-mitigating surfaces typically consist of high-aspect-ratio structures that separate particles from resting on the bulk material, thereby limiting adhesion due to short-range van der Waals forces. These surfaces can find uses in solar-panel coatings and a variety of dust-resistant optics. The current method for quantifying surface contamination is optical microscopy, but this method is inadequate for observing particles at the submicrometer scale due to the diffraction limit. Furthermore, regardless of the microscopy technique, particle identification becomes problematic as the particle contaminates approach the same length scale of the surface structures. In this work, we demonstrate a method to identify micro-/nanoparticle contaminates on nanostructured surfaces using electron microscopy and image processing. This approach allows the characterization of particles that approach the length scale of the surface structures. Image processing, including spectrum filters and edge detection, is used to remove the periodic features of the surface nanostructure to omit them from the particle counting. The detection of these small particles using electron microscopy leads to an average of 5.62 particles/100 μm2 detected compared to 0.63 particles/100 μm2 detected for the traditional confocal optical detection method. Beyond dust-mitigation nanostructures, the demonstrated particle detection technique can find applications in nanobiology, the detection of ice nucleation on a structured surface, and semiconductor mask inspections.

Vitex negundo and Euphorbia milii leaf extracts aided green synthesis of copper oxide nanostructures for effective inactivation of pathogenic bacteria

A facile and green route was followed to synthesize copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures using Vitex negundo and Euphorbia milii leaf extracts. Structural, elemental, chemical, spectral and morphological features of the CuO nanostructures were determined by XRD, EDS, FTIR spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectrophotometer and FESEM, respectively. The CuO nanostructures disclosed considerably higher antibacterial activity against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria over commercial antibiotic (Vancomycin). This enhanced antibacterial activity could be credited to the generation of more ROS associated with oxygen vacancy and size of the CuO nanostructures. Particularly, hierarchical CuO nanoparticles/nanorods prepared using V. negundo leaf extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity due to their lower size range.

Hierarchical Structuring of Black Silicon Wafers by Ion-Flow-Stimulated Roughening Transition: Fundamentals and Applications for Photovoltaics.

Ion-flow-stimulated roughening transition is a phenomenon that may prove useful in the hierarchical structuring of nanostructures. In this work, we have investigated theoretically and experimentally the surface texturing of single-crystal and multi-crystalline silicon wafers irradiated using ion-beam flows. In contrast to previous studies, ions had relatively low energies, whereas flow densities were high enough to induce a quasi-liquid state in the upper silicon layers. The resulting surface modifications reduced the wafer light reflectance to values characteristic of black silicon, widely used in solar energetics. Features of nanostructures on different faces of silicon single crystals were studied numerically based on the mesoscopic Monte Carlo model. We established that the formation of nano-pyramids, ridges, and twisting dune-like structures is due to the stimulated roughening transition effect. The aforementioned variety of modified surface morphologies arises due to the fact that the effects of stimulated surface diffusion of atoms and re-deposition of free atoms on the wafer surface from the near-surface region are manifested to different degrees on different Si faces. It is these two factors that determine the selection of the allowable "trajectories" (evolution paths) of the thermodynamic system along which its Helmholtz free energy, F, decreases, concomitant with an increase in the surface area of the wafer and the corresponding changes in its internal energy, U (dU>0), and entropy, S (dS>0), so that dF=dU - TdS<0, where T is the absolute temperature. The basic theoretical concepts developed were confirmed in experimental studies, the results of which showed that our method could produce, abundantly, black silicon wafers in an environmentally friendly manner compared to traditional chemical etching.

Electrolytic induced effects on hafnium oxide based electrode material

In the context of role and influence of electrolyte on the performance of energy storage devices, here in, we have reported the electrochemical energy storage application of Hafnium oxide nanostructures in various aqueous ionic electrolytes. The morphological, structural, thermal, optical, and dielectric characteristics of Hafnium oxide nanostructures have been systematically probed. The traits of nanostructure design of electrode material are successfully linked with electrochemical properties, in alkaline, neutral and acidic electrolytic media, in order to comprehend the charge storage mechanism at electrode - electrolyte interface. It has been observed that the charge storing capacity in acidic electrolyte of 1 M H2SO4, computed as 212 F g−1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1, is superior as compared to other investigated electrolytes of KOH, NaOH and Na2SO4 respectively. Moreover, an energy density of 7.36 W - hr kg−1 and a power density of 181.47 W kg−1 have been achieved in IM H2SO4.

The Influence of Polyvinyl Alcohol Porogen Addition on the Nanostructural Characteristics of Hydroxyapatite.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a porous material widely developed in various research fields because of its high biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity. In this research, HA was synthesized using a hydrothermal method with chicken eggshells as a calcium source and various concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol as a porogen (2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5% by wt). The structure and morphology of HA were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. HA was obtained with varying concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) porogen according to Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) standard. Based on analysis using a refinement method, changes in unit cell parameters (cell volume and lattice strain) of HA synthesized using PVA porogen compared to the standard, the chi square (χ2) and index of R values were relatively low, validating the acceptable of the data. In addition, HA [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] with hexagonal structure and the P63/m space group was successfully obtained. Morphological analysis of HA by SEM found that HA has a spherical shape, and the porosity of HA increases with increasing concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol. The highest porosity was obtained with an addition of 5.0 wt% of PVA porogen (HAP3), reaching 69.53%.

Experimental analysis of nanostructured PEEK, African giant snail shell, and sea snail shell powder for hydroxyapatite formation for bone implant applications

This experimental research focuses on the nanostructure analysis of three materials; polyether ether ketone (PEEK), African land giant snail shell (ALGSS), and sea snail shell (SSS) powder, for the formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings in bone implant applications. The study aimed to evaluate these materials’ surface characteristics, furrow depth, density, and other relevant parameters to assess their suitability as bone implant materials. The nanostructure analysis revealed distinct characteristics for each material. PEEK exhibited shallow furrows and a high density of furrows, making it a favourable substrate for hydroxyapatite coating formation. The ISO 25178 roughness analysis further characterised surface roughness and topography. African land giant snail shell powder, displayed a high material ratio, indicating a potential for hydroxyapatite conversion for biomedical application. The sea snail shell powder demonstrated intermediate furrow depth and density, warranting further investigation for optimisation as a precursor for hydroxyapatite coatings. The findings emphasise the significance of nanostructure properties in bone implant materials. The tailored nanostructure of materials such as PEEK, the synthesized powder can influence their biocompatibility, osseointegration, and long-term performance. The novelty of this research lies in the comprehensive analysis of the nanostructure properties of these materials, contributing to the understanding of their potential for bone implant applications. Overall, this experimental research is significant and provides valuable insights into the nanostructure characteristics of PEEK, African land giant snail shell powder, and sea snail shell powder and they all demonstrated the potential of forming hydroxyapatite coatings. These findings contribute to advancements in bone implantology, paving enhancing innovative and improved bone implant materials

Electrochromic Materials: Scope for the Cyclic Decay Mechanisms and Performance Stability Optimization Strategies

AbstractElectrochromic materials (ECMs) have important potential applications in the field of intelligent optoelectronic displays. However, ECMs and its devices cannot be truly applied on a large scale until the problem of their long‐period performance degradation is really solved. This paper focuses on summarizing the attenuation mechanism of common ECMs, which is mainly divided into three types: structural damage, irreversible reaction and ion capture, and summarizes four optimization strategies for the cyclic stability of electrochromic materials at the present stage: doping is used to change the internal structure of the material in order to achieve the purpose of improving the cyclic stability; composite means to allow a variety of materials to interact with each other in order to get the original material has no excellent performance; improve the cyclic stability of electrochromic materials by the special characteristics of nanostructures; and enhance the performance by optimizing the preparation process and regulating the parameters in the preparation process. Finally, the paper discusses the potential for optimizing the long‐term stability of ECMs in the future, based on the above research.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Parthenium hysterophorous flower template assisted SnO2 nanostructure as photoanode for dye sensitized solar cell

The synthesis process of tin oxide (SnO2) nanostructures and the performance of alizarin-based SnO2 dye-sensitized solar cells have been investigated in the current work. For the first time, tin oxide nanostructures with various pH values are synthesized using the template taken from parthenium hysterophorous flower which acts as the photoanodes. SnO2 film coated with alizarin dye, a platinum counter electrode, and an iodine electrolyte are used to fabricate DSSC. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the SnO2 nanostructures are investigated using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL), attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectra, and UV–visible spectroscopy techniques. Current density-voltage (J-V) parameters are measured using electrochemical workstation with solar illumination.

Characteristics of changes in microstructure and mechanical characteristics under high energy load

Purpose. Verification of the hypothesis about the possibility of obtaining a fine-grained structure of a metal as a result of processing with high-density energies. The methods. The research was carried out on cylindrical samples with a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 300 mm, which were made of structural steel 45 in a normalized state. The thickness of the inner coaxial layer BP1 with a detonation speed D=7.5 km/s was 3 mm, the thickness of the outer layer BP2 with a detonation speed D=3.5 km/s was 40 mm. The two-layer BP charge used in the experiment increases the duration of the shock wave and at the same time protects the samples from destruction. Findings. The mechanism of nanostructuring, in general terms, consists in the accumulation of the degree of deformation without destruction, which leads to the defragmentation of the structure with a significant increase in the density of dislocations. One of the methods that allows you to achieve a high density of dislocations, comparable to IPD, is treatment with shock waves. The change in the grain structure in the places of the pores indicates extremely high degrees of inhomogeneous deformation in these areas. During the passage of the shock wave in the middle of the sample, at the boundaries of the interface of phases with different densities, diffraction wave effects occur, which lead to the occurrence of shear deformations. It can be assumed that in the area of pores and microcracks, the deformation conditions are similar to those realized by some methods of intensive plastic deformation. This leads to a sharp grinding of the grain structure and a corresponding change in mechanical properties. The originality. The paper found that the processing of steel parts with the help of high-density energy leads to a sharp grinding of the grain to the nanostructure size and, as a result, to an increase in mechanical properties. The revealed regularities make it possible to obtain optimal parameters of high-energy processing, which lead to an increase in hardness, a redistribution of internal stresses and a decrease in surface roughness. Practical implementation. Obtaining grains with nanostructural characteristics in the structure of the material will allow to create fundamentally new devices and materials. Such materials will have properties significantly exceeding their achieved level – which is important for many fields of engineering, medicine, biotechnology, environmental protection, defense, etc.

Surfactant-free synthesis and magnetic property evaluation of air-stable cobalt oxide nanostructures

We report the synthesis of metastable cobalt oxide (CoO) nanostructures via the low-temperature microwave-assisted solvothermal (MAS) process. An alcoholic solution of cobalt (II) acetylacetonate in a sealed vessel was irradiated with microwaves at a temperature <150 °C and a pressure below 100 psi. As-synthesized powder material was characterized in terms of its structure and morphology. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) indicates the formation of well-crystallized CoO nanoparticles without the need for post-synthesis annealing. The mean crystallite size of the nanoparticles was estimated to be 41 nm. The morphology of the as-prepared powder sample was evaluated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which revealed the formation of densely packed nanospheres of diameter <100 nm. The CoO nanospheres were obtained without the need for any surfactants or capping agents; they were found to be quite resistant to oxidation in ambient air over several months. We attribute the stability of CoO nanospheres to their dense packing, the driving force being the minimization of surface energy and surface area. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy confirm the formation of phase-pure CoO nanostructures. The deconvolution of the active modes in Raman spectra obtained at room temperature reveals the Oh symmetry in rock-salt CoO produced by the MAS route. We have analyzed its effect on the magnetic characteristics of the CoO nanostructures. Isothermal field-dependent magnetization (MH) and inverse magnetic susceptibility measurements show a phase transition from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic interactions in the CoO nanostructures at around 10 K. The results indicate that the phenomenon of magnetic phase transition as a function of temperature is unique to CoO nanoparticles. This finding reveals the magnetic behavior of CoO nanostructures and presents opportunities for its possible application as an anisotropy source for magnetic recording.

Engineering preparation of the nanocomposite containing CoWO4 nanodots and its high electrochemical activities

Designing hybrid composites electrodes with hierarchical nano-structural features and superb electrochemical performances sites is vital factor for engineering advanced supercapacitors. Herein, a novel nanocomposite from CoWO4 nanodots anchored on olive derived activated carbon doped with N and S (OACNS) is successfully prepared via an in-situ hydrothermal process. The well dispersion of the CoWO4 nanodots (pseudo-capacitor type) with ca. 7 nm in diameter on the OACNS nanosheets prevents their agglomerations to build hierarchical porous structure with high surface area (162.8 cm2·g−1) and various pores sizes distribution. Noteworthy, through the synergistic effect, the composite shows superb capacitance value of 152 mAh·g−1 (0.5 A·g−1) and splendid life cycle of 93.5 % (via 12,000 cycles). Interestingly, an asymmetric CoWO4@OACNS//OACNS hybrid supercapacitor provides excellent specific energy (53.6 Wh·kg−1) at maximum specific power of 650 W·kg−1. Such fascinating electrochemical performance indicates that the proposed CoWO4@OACNS hybrid composite can be exploited as cathode for next generation of energy storage devices.

A proficient hydrothermally designed Au-TiO2/ZnFe2O4 composite for ciprofloxacin removal in wastewater under natural solar light

This study presents the development of an Au-TiO2/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite photocatalyst through a hydrothermal method and used for the mineralization of ciprofloxacin under natural solar light exposure. The nanocomposite's crystalline structure, nanostructure, and optical characteristics were thoroughly investigated using XRD, FT-IR, XPS, SEM, EDX, ECM, HR-TEM, UV–vis DRS, and PL analysis. The XPS analysis confirmed the successful synthesis of the Au-TiO2/ZnFe2O4 composites.Notably, the Au-TiO2/ZnFe2O4 composite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency compared to both TiO2/ZnFe2O4 and TiO2 alone in the degradation of ciprofloxacin. The improved performance is attributed to the introduction of Au nanoparticles, which act as electron traps, facilitating efficient charge separation and increasing light absorption in the visible region.Furthermore, the synthesized catalyst displayed remarkable stability over five cycles and could be easily recovered and reused without loss of efficacy. This work demonstrates the potential of the Au-TiO2/ZnFe2O4 nanocomposite as a promising and sustainable photocatalyst for the degradation of ciprofloxacin in water treatment applications under solar light exposure.

Pancake bouncing of nanodroplets impacting superhydrophobic surfaces

Superhydrophobic surfaces that promote rapid droplet detachment in a pattern of pancake bouncing are fundamentally interesting and important in substantial applications, such as self-cleaning, anti-corrosion, and anti-icing. However, the accurate modeling of the trigger conditions and the underlying dynamic mechanism for the pancake bouncing have yet to be completed. Here, using molecular dynamics simulations, the bouncing dynamics of impacting water nanodroplets on superhydrophobic Pt surfaces with nanopillar arrays are comprehensively studied considering a wide range in the impact Weber number, solid fraction (the pillar width w is kept constant), and pillar height. Correspondingly, the phase diagrams of the bouncing patterns are constructed in the parameter space of the Weber number against the solid fraction. It has been found that there are critical values of the solid fraction and pillar height to induce the pancake bouncing at the moderate Weber number. Furthermore, a theoretical model is developed and quantitatively proclaims the dependence of nanostructure features and the critical Weber number on the pancake bouncing. This work provides rational design principles for attaining a controllable pancake bouncing on structured superhydrophobic surfaces for a wide range of applications.

Magnesium nanoparticle modified cement-based composites: Performance and compatibility in repair applications

Applying ordinary repair mortars onto the surface of degraded concrete elements has been a common approach in restoration operations. Since the properties of cement-based composites depend on nano-structural features, proper addition of nanoparticles can enhance performance. In the present study, the physico-mechanical performance of concrete and mortar mixtures incorporating magnesium nanoparticles was investigated. The workability and flowability of the mixtures, along with compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of specimens were evaluated. A total of 284 cylindrical, cubic, and prismatic beam specimens having different dosages of magnesium nanoparticles as partial replacement for cement were assessed to quantify the effects of adding magnesium nanoparticles. Furthermore, analysis of the compatibility between the repair mortar and the existing concrete substrate was examined using four-point bending tests on repaired beam elements to characterize the different modes of failure. Two approaches of substrate surface preparation featuring smooth and rough interfaces were adopted, and the effect of interface texture on the mechanical properties of the repaired beam specimens was evaluated. The results show that specimens incorporating magnesium nanoparticles achieved 37%, 37%, and 63% higher compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths, respectively, compared with that of the reference specimens. Moreover, the set of concrete beams with rough interface showed compatible failure modes, while those with smooth contact interface had incompatible modes of failure.

Probing passivity of corroding metals using scanning electrochemical probe microscopy

AbstractPassive films are essential for the longevity of metals and alloys in corrosive environments. A great deal of research has been devoted to understanding and characterizing passive films, including their chemical composition, uniformity, thickness, porosity, and conductivity. Many characterization techniques are conducted under vacuum, which do not portray the true in‐service environments passive films will endure. Scanning electrochemical probe microscopy (SEPM) techniques have emerged as necessary tools to complement research on characterizing passive films to enable the in situ extraction of passive film parameters and monitoring of local breakdown events of compromised films. Herein, we review the current research efforts using scanning electrochemical microscopy, scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (or droplet cell measurements), and local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques to advance the knowledge of local properties of passivated metals. The future use of SEPM for quantitative extraction of local film characteristics within in‐service environments (i.e., with varying pH, solution composition, and applied potential) is promising, which can be correlated to nanostructural and microstructural features of the passive film and underlying metal using complementary microscopy and spectroscopy methods. The outlook on this topic is highlighted, including exciting avenues and challenges of these methods in characterizing advanced alloy systems and protective surface films.