Feasibility Of Energy Recovery Research Articles

Substantiation of Mining-and-Transportation System Type and Parameters for Mining of Ore Deposits in the Conditions of the on the Kola Peninsula

The technical approach to selection and substantiation of transportation systems for hard-to-access mineral mining in the Arctic is based on complexing computer-aided modeling and technical-and-economic assessment methods. The features of the transportation system design for mountainous and upland-and-flat terrains are described. The obtained relations of transportation cost and volume make it possible to validate the choice of transportation. In terms of the Partomchorr deposit, it is shown that under conditions of upland-and-flat terrain and minor level difference, it is efficient to use motor vehicles in case of small transportation volume (to 2.4 Mt/yr) and cable-and-belt conveying in case of large volume of transportation. For the Chinglusuai deposit situated in the upland country with large level difference, efficiency of cableway haulage with feasibility of energy recovery is substantiated.

Evaluation of the Energetic Valorization Potential of Polymeric and Textile Industrial Wastes

Among the solid wastes produced by textile industry, there is a significant amount of wastes with energetic value and which are usually sent to controlled landfills, without any recovery. This traditional route corresponds to high economical and environmental costs, since wastes can be used as a source of energy and/or materials. With the recycling route strongly restricted due to the presence of mixtures of different types of polymeric compounds, some of them not biodegradable, the study of the feasibility of energy recovery from such wastes is of upmost importance and the aim of the present work. Most of the wastes are valuable resources that can be used as raw materials or as an energy source to produce heat or electricity. In this work the potentiality of energy recovery from solid wastes of some of the Vale do Ave textile units was investigated. For that purpose, wastes have been characterized for their weight loss at 105°C, calorific value and ashes content (after burning out at 850°C). The chemical composition of the ashes was determined by X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry. DSC-TGA tests were performed in two different atmospheres, air and argon, in order to evaluate the thermal behavior of the studied wastes. The characterized wastes showed calorific values not negligible, varying from 3500 to10400 kcal/kg (at dry base), similar to the results obtained by others authors and comparable to solid materials which are traditionally considered as fuels (sugar cane, lignite, etc). A weight loss at (105°C) lower than 6.5% and a maximum ashes content of 15% was achieved. However, some ashes present high contents of heavy metals, which can drives to environmental concerns. By the analysis of the thermal profiles it was found that wastes decomposition takes place at low temperatures (< 600°C) resulting in a small amount of the final solid fraction. Concerning the obtained results, the solid wastes collected from different textile units show high potential for energy recovery.

Feasibility of energy recovery from municipal solid waste in an integrated municipal energy supply and waste management system

A decision-support model for determining the feasibility of a planned energy-from-waste (EfW) investment for an integrated waste management and energy supply system is presented. The aim is to present an easy-to-understand, inexpensive and fast-to-use tool to decision-makers for modelling and evaluating different kinds of processes. Special emphasis is put on forming the model and interpretation of the results of the example case. The simple integrated system management (SISMan) model is presented through a practical example of the use of the model. In the example the viability of the described system is studied by comparing five different cases including different waste-derived fuels (WDF), non-segregated municipal solid waste (MSW) being one of the fuel options. The nominal power output of the EfW plant varied in each case according to the WDF classification. The numeric values for two main variables for each WDF type were determined, the WDF price at the gate of the EfW plant and the waste management fee (WMF) according to the 'polluter pays' -principle. Comparison between the five cases was carried out according to two determinants, the WMF related to each case and the recovery rate related to each case. The numeric values for the constants and variables used in the calculations were chosen as realistically as possible using available data related to the issue. In the example of this paper, the mass-incineration solution ('pure' MSW as a fuel) was found to be the most viable solution for the described system according to the calculations. However, the final decision of the decision-makers might differ from this in the real world due to extra 'fuzzy' information that cannot be reliably included in the calculations. This paper shows that certain key values of modelled systems can be calculated using an easy-to-use tool at the very early stages of a larger design process involving municipal and business partners. The use of this kind of tools could significantly decrease the overall design costs of large systems in the long run by cutting out irrational system options at the very beginning of the planning.

Entropy generation metric for evaluating and forecasting aircraft energy management systems

A general Entropy Generation Minimisation (EGM) technique is applied to analyse the feasibility of energy recovery from aircraft avionics via thermoelectric (TE) devices. In employing this approach, a suitable control volume definition is chosen to evaluate the impact of an energy recovery system on the overall entropy generation of the aircraft over a mission. Only those systems which are affected by the energy harvesting system are considered. As importantly, the analysis helps to identify the technical thresholds, which must be realised in order to make avionic energy harvesting via thermoelectric devices practical. This result has exciting implications for the use of this tool for helping to prioritise research directions. Relative to the energy harvesting application from the radar array on a high efficiency aircraft, the results from this approach show that a majority of the entropy generation and fuel exergy wastage is associated with the avionics cooling system due the transfer of heat to the cooling system and to the large mass/power ratio associated with cooling systems.

A simulation study on energy recovery from spent electron beams in an S-band linac

The feasibility of energy recovery with an S-band linac was studied based on two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. A 1-m standing-wave accelerating tube with 20 cells was chosen for the numerical model, with a 4.5-cell RF gun as the injector which is to be used for our IR FEL project. For ample reduction of beam energy to the dump with a typical beam energy from the gun of 5.49MeV, the phase acceptance of the re-injection of the spent beam is found to be ±0.16πrad which corresponds to a feasible longitudinal deviation of ±27ps. Furthermore, for a lower beam energy to the dump and a higher wall plug efficiency, simulations with a lower beam energy of 2.42MeV from the gun were carried out. Counter re-injection of the spent beam is found to be effective for compensating longitudinal velocity variations of low-energy beams along the tube, while degradation in the transverse emittance due to enhanced space–charge effect was found.

Feasibility of energy recovery from a wastewater treatment scheme

This paper describes a study that was undertaken to determine the potential of energy recovery from a new wastewater treatment scheme being built for the Kent towns of Dover and Folkestone. The paper reviews the potential sites and describes how their energy-generating potential was evaluated using spreadsheet-based software models. Two schemes demonstrated sufficient potential for further study. The paper describes the potential operating problems and explains how the generating and control equipment was selected to achieve the optimum performance at minimum cost. Designs for the schemes were developed such that the costs and generating potential could be determined with sufficient accuracy to allow their financial rate of return to be estimated.